Which best describes the relationship between energy and entropy in the universe? for entropy to increase, energy must be added. for entropy to decrease, energy must be added. for entropy to remain constant, energy must be added.

Answer:

fluoride ion

Explanation:

electric charge of negative 1

The resonant frequency will decrease.

The natural frequency of an object, where it typically vibrates with a greater amplitude, is another way to describe the resonant frequency.

The formula for time period of pendulum(T) is

T= 2π[tex]\sqrt{} \frac{l}{g}[/tex] where,

l= length of pendulum

g = acceleration due to gravity

So, T is inversely proportional to the square root of g(√g)

It means as the value of g decreases, time period of pendulum increases and vice versa.

As it is given, value of g is less on moon than on earth and it is approx. 6 times less than that of earth.

That's why time period of oscillation of pendulum increases.

Now, as we know that time period is inversely proportional to the frequency.

So as the time period of pendulum on the moon increases, its resonant frequency decreases.

Hence, If we take a given pendulum to the Moon, where the acceleration of gravity is less than on Earth, the resonant frequency of the pendulum will decrease.

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If you fly a spaceship to Vega at 0.999c, you will measure the distance to be much less than 25 light years.

Most space objects use light-years to represent their distance. Light-years are the distance that light travels during the year on Earth. Light-years are about 6 trillion miles (9 trillion km). This is a 6 followed by 12 zeros.

At the same speed, a movement equivalent to one light-year takes about 11.3 billion days. Life expectancy for Americans is currently estimated at 78.74 years, which is equivalent to 28,740 days. Therefore, to get there, you need to live about 400,000 times as long as the average American.

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According to the Theory of Continental Drift, we can predict that:

Continental Drift can be defined as a hypothesis that was put forth, that the Earth's continents have moved over  time relative to each other and as the time goes its keeps on moving, increasing the distance between them.

Continental Drift makes the continents look like they have drifted across the ocean.

In conclusion, Our predictions are stated above.

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The speed of light when it passes through the new type of glass is 2.04×10^8  m/s.

What is refractive index:

Refractive Index is a value calculated from the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to that in a second medium of greater density.

The refractive index variable is denoted by the letter ' n '.

Here,

The refractive index of a new type of glass is 1.47

n = 1.47

The speed of light in air is c = 3×10^8 m/s

The formula for refractive index:

where v is the speed of light in new type of glass.

Substituting the values into the equation,

1.47 = 3×10^8 / v

v = 3×10^8 / 1.47

v = 2.04 ×10^8  m/s

Hence,

the speed of light when it passes through the new type of glass is 2.04×10^8  m/s

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Use formula (F) = mass × acceleration.

In this case: acceleration = [tex]\frac{F}{2m}[/tex]

Pressure is measured as force per unit area, which is the third option.

Pressure is amount of force that is applied over a given area divided by the size of this area.

Pressure is calculated by multiplying the force applied on the object by the area covered.

Since force is measured in Newtons (N) and area is measured in m², the unit of pressure is Nm².

Therefore, pressure is measured as force per unit area.

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The strategy:

The Toro Co. uses a family branding strategy.

What is family branding?

Family branding is a marketing tactic that emphasizes promoting the parent brand name while simultaneously advertising a family of goods and services. It is also sometimes referred to as "umbrella branding," which implies that all branding initiatives are carried out under the parent brand name.

In this case, the parent brand is Toro. The "Toro Motor Company" was founded in 1914 with the goal of producing tractor engines for The Bull Tractor Company. By acquiring Whirlwind Corp., Toro joined the push mower industry in 1948.

All the stated types of machinery are provided under the name of Toro, suggesting that the parent brand name is used to promote sales.

Thus, it is a case of family branding.

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The approximate de Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball is 9.4×10^(-34) m.

What is the de Broglie wavelength:

It is the wavelength that is associated with an object in relation to its momentum and mass is known as de Broglie wavelength.

A particle's de Broglie wavelength is usually inversely proportional to its force.

The formula of de Broglie wavelength:

here mass of a tennis ball is given

mass, m=70 g = 0.07 kg

ball is moving with velocity

v = 10 m/s

h is Plank constant,

h=6.63×10^(-34) Js

substituting the values in formula,

λ = 6.63×10^(-34) / ( 0.070*10)

λ = 9.4 ×10^(-34) m

Hence

The approximate de Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball is 9.4×10^(-34) m

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To find the accurate measurement of small cars, the teacher asks students to make all the measurements in centimeters.

Centimeters Measurements:

Inches measurements:

here, the cars are small objects.

The number of centimeters is always bigger,

because a centimeter unit is smaller than an inch unit, and it takes more of them when we are measuring.

Hence,

To find the accurate measurement of small cars, the teacher asks students to make all the measurements in centimeters.

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The reason why Kim's hair rises and sticks out is due to electrostatic attraction.

We know that one of the ways in which a body is able to acquire static charges is by friction. When a body is rubbed against another, there could be loss or gain of charges leaving a net charge on each body.

The process that occurs when some of Kim's hair rises and sticks out toward the balloon, even though the balloon hasn't touched her hair is electrostatic attraction.

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The acceleration of the car that came to a stop from a speed of 16 m/s in a time of 2.3 seconds is -6.96m/s² (option D).

The acceleration of a moving substance can be calculated by dividing the change in velocity of the substance by the time.

Acceleration (a) = ∆V/t

Where;

a = -16m/s ÷ 2.3s

a = -6.96m/s²

Therefore, the acceleration of the car that came to a stop from a speed of 16 m/s in a time of 2.3 seconds is -6.96m/s².

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The temperature of the plasma will increase as current is passed through it.

Current can be defined as a flow of charged particles through a medium and the particles includes: electrons or ions.

Temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness experienced by a material.

The more current passes through the plasma the more energy is induced making the particles to move faster which in turns causes temperature to increase and reducing the resistance of the plasma.

In conclusion, The current causes temperature to increase and this reduces the resistance.

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Light bends when it travels from a certain density of matter into a different density of matter. The density of the stuff affects how much it bends. Light bends when it transitions from air to water or from water to air. Light bends when it travels from water to glass or from glass to air. How much light is bent by a particular substance may be determined by its index of refraction. However, Snell's Law and the angle of incidence must be coupled. The angle of refraction increases with increasing angle of incidence. As a result, the water's unique index of refraction bends light entering the medium at an angle of 30°. and that is 1.33.  This means that light in a vacuum travels at 1.33 times faster than light in water. We wouldn't have lenses in the way we do now without refractive index. We would need eyes with pinhole-sized openings in order to see, which would prevent us from seeing clearly or at least in great detail. We wouldn't have had microscopes to view anything in great detail, telescopes to view the moon, planets, or distant things. I could go on, but I think you get the idea: if we didn't have the material characteristic known as refraction, things would be quite different. Well, I guess it's possible that human eyes have evolved to have diffractive lenses, but that's another theory.

________________________

The ability of a substance, whether it is solid, liquid, or gas, to reflect light causes it to move more slowly than it would in a vacuum.

Any substance's refractive index (n) is found by dividing the speed of light in that substance by the speed of light in a vacuum (c) (v).

So

n = c/v

Since a material's refractive index varies depending on the wavelength of light, n = f(wavelength) (n is a function of wavelength). In comparison to longer wavelengths, the index is larger for shorter wavelengths. It's known as dispersion.

When creating lenses or other refractive optical systems, the refractive index and dispersion are both crucial factors. The diverse wavelengths don't come to a common focus, which has a disastrous effect on image quality because index is directly related to how light bends while passing through a lens. We refer to this as chromatic aberration. It's difficult to regulate, but you can achieve it by carefully selecting various glass chemistries and massaging them into position. The glass map showing index as a function of inverse dispersion is seen in the image below. About 20 to 100 is the range of the Abby number, a measure of dispersion; lower numbers indicate more dispersion (larger index difference between red and blue light). Every dot stands for a distinct glass.

Refractive indices range from 1.0003 for air, to over 4.5 for Geranium.

The energy change of the potato is 2 kJ.

Energy can trade from one shape to some other. As an example, when you turn on a lightbulb, electrical power adjustments to thermal electricity and light power. An automobile adjustments energy stored in the chemical bonds of gasoline to numerous specific paperwork.

The general electricity trade of the response this is the distinction among the reactant's power and the product's strength. If the reactants have extra energy than the goods, energy has been released. If the reactants have much less strength than the products, strength has been absorbed by way of the debris.

The electricity exchange that happens because the end result of a reaction relies upon on the difference among the power of the reactants and the energy of the products. For reactions like combustion, the gas (as an instance wooden) has strength saved inside the chemical bonds among the atoms that make it up.

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Answer:

448m/s

Explanation:

velocity =frequency × wavelength

v= 173×2.59

v=448.07

v=448m/s

The magnetic field is the type of zone that receives magnetic force. It can have a strength of 0.00122 T.

Provided that,

radius, r = 0.7 cm = 0.007 m

current, I = 125 A

position considered, x = 0.13 cm = 0.0013

[tex]B=u_{0}Ix/4\pi r^{2}[/tex]

⇒[tex]B=4\pi* 10^{-7} *125 * 0.0013 / 4\pi (0.007)^{2}[/tex]

⇒[tex]B=0.00033[/tex] T

So, the value of the magnetic field = 0.00033 T

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The particles that move in orbits of the same radius have the same momentum.

A point particle's three-dimensional angular momentum is traditionally represented by the pseudovector r p, which is the cross product of the particle's position vector r (relative to some origin) and momentum vector, which in Newtonian physics is denoted by p = mv.

L = mr[tex]V_{prep}[/tex] = mr²w is the particle's orbital angular momentum in units of magnitude. The part of the particle's velocity that is here perpendicular to the axis of rotation is designated as [tex]V_{perp.}[/tex] The right-hand rule indicates the direction of the angular momentum. In isolated systems, the angular momentum is conserved.

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B. The force of X on Y is is approximately 13 N [right].

The action-reaction forces that the blocks exert on each other is calculated as follows;

Net force on the blocks = 40 N - (8 N + 4 N) = 28 N

Total mass of the blocks = 10 kg + 5 kg = 15 kg

a = F(net)/M

a = 28 N / 15 kg

a = 1.867 m/s²

40 N - 8N - T = 10 x 1.867

T = 13.33 N

40 N - 4N - T = 5 x 1.867

T = 26.67 N

Thus, the force of X on Y is is approximately 13 N [right].

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The velocity of the third piece is mathematically given as

v=0.88m/s

Generally, the equation for conservation is  mathematically given as

[tex]m u=m_{1} v_{1 \mathrm{x}}+m_{2} v_{2 \mathrm{x}}+m_{1} v_{x}[/tex]

Here, is the mass of the grenade, [tex]m_{1}, m_{2}, m_{3}[/tex] the masses of the pieces after an explosion, and [tex]v_{1 \mathrm{x}}, v_{2 \mathrm{x}}[/tex] are velocities of the first and second pieces after the explosion.

[tex]m u_{1} &=m_{1} v_{1 x}+m_{2} v_{2 \mathrm{x}}+m_{3} v_{x} \\0 &=0+(0.2 \mathrm{~kg})((5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})\\v_{x} &=\frac{-0.173 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}}{0.3 \mathrm{~kg}} \\&=-0.578 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}[/tex]

the equation for conservation

[tex]m u=m_{1} v_{1 y}+m_{2} v_{2 y}+m_{3} v_{y}[/tex]

[tex]m u_{1} &=m_{1} v_{1 \mathrm{y}}+m_{2} v_{x y}+m_{3} v_{y} \\0 &=(0.10 \mathrm{~kg})(10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})+(0.2 \mathrm{~kg})\left((5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}) \cos 10^{\circ}\right)+(0.3 \mathrm{~kg}) v_{y} \\v_{y} &=\frac{-1.98 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}}{0.3 \mathrm{~kg}} \\&=-0.661 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}[/tex]

In conclusion, the magnitude of the velocity

[tex]v=\sqrt{v_{\mathrm{x}}^{2}+v_{\mathrm{y}}^{2}}[/tex]

[tex]Substitute $-0.578 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ for $v_{\mathrm{s}}$ and $-0.661 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ for $v_{\mathrm{y}}$[/tex]

[tex]v &=\sqrt{v_{x}^{2}+v_{y}^{2}} \\&=\sqrt{(-0.578 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}+(-0.661 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}} \\&=0.88 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}[/tex]

v=0.88m/s

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The final stabilized temperature will be between 0 °C and 50 °C.

The enthalpy of fusion of ice is 334 J/g. The specific heat of water is 4.2 J/g.

To cool 100 g of water from 100 °C to 0 °C would require the removal of

4.2 x 100 x 100 = 42000 J.

To melt the ice would require the addition of

334 x 100 = 33400 J

∴ 42000  > 33400 thus you can melt all the ice and have some heat to spare, specifically 42000 - 33400 = 8600 J

Now use this to warm up 100+100 = 200 g of water at 0 °C

The final stabilized temperature;

8600 / (200 x 4.2) = 10.23 °C

Therefore, the final stabilized temperature is 10.23 °C

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The cost of boiling 500cm3 of water using the 3kW kettle is 1.35 P.

The cost is calculated as follows;

1 unit = 9p /kWh

Total energy consumed by 3 kW kettle, E = P x t

where;

E = 3 kW x (3 mins/60 mins/hr)

E = 0.15 kWh

Energy cost = 9 p/kWh x 0.15 kWh = 1.35 P

Thus, the cost of boiling 500cm3 of water using the 3kW kettle is 1.35 P.

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Answer:

i)[tex]0m/s^{2}[/tex]

ii)20m/s

iii)300m

Explanation:

In this Velocity-Time graph,

i) The acceleration can be found by finding the slope of the graph, which in this case, since it is a horizontal line, the slope = 0 therefore the acceleration = [tex]0m/s^{2}[/tex]

ii)The velocity can be found on the y-axis, in this case, is 20m/s.

iii)The distance covered can be found by finding the area of the graph to the corresponding time. In this case,

t=15

Distance covered = 20m/s * 15s

= 300m

Acceleration :

Velocity :

Distance :

Potential energy , Kinetic energy

Kinetic energy is a form of energy that posses by an object due to its motion. If work, which transfers energy, is done on an object by applying a net force, the object speeds up and thereby gains kinetic energy.

Potential energy is the energy held by an object due to its position relative to other objects, stresses within itself, its electric charge, or other factors.

According to given condition,

At first,

When a ball is at the top of a hill , it posses a potential energy because the ball is at some height from the surface  where  the energy held by ball is due to its position.

That is why,  a ball at the top of a hill is an example of Potential energy.

Secondly,

When a ball is rolling down the hill , it posses kinetic energy because the ball have some energy that posses by an object due to its motion.

That is why, a ball rolling down the hill is an example of  Kinetic energy.

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The person's velocity relative to the shore is determined as 6.5 m/s.

The velocity of the person is calculated as follows;

V(p/f) = V(p) - V(f)

where;

1.5 = V(p) - 5

V(p) = 6.5 m/s

Thus, the person's velocity relative to the shore is determined as 6.5 m/s.

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Answer:

If u mean a comet, then Edmund Halley should be the person you're looking for.

The magnitude of the bird's eastward component is 158.6 m and its flying speed is 19.95 m/s.

The eastward component of the bird is calculated as follows;

226² = E² + 161²

E² = 226² - 161²

E² = 25,155

E = √25,155

E = 158.6 m

V = 158.6 m / 7.95 s

V = 19.95 m/s

Thus, the magnitude of the bird's eastward component is 158.6 m and its flying speed is 19.95 m/s.

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The position in the graph between 4 - 6 seconds is the region of constant velocity.

The term constant velocity refers to the period in the graph when the velocity is not changing with time. As such, the graph is shown to be a flat portion at such a point.

Hence, it follows that the position in the graph between 4 - 6 seconds is the region of constant velocity.

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Answer:

d)30,000 N

Explanation:

Solution:

mass(m)=1000kg

initial velocity (u)=0m/s

final velocity (v)=15m/s

So,

acceleration (a)=(v-u)/t

=(15-0)/10

=1.5m/s^2

Atlast,

Force(F)=m×a

=20000×1.5

=30,000 N

A sign board supported by two strings does illustrate the tension-tension and weight in the free body diagram.

In a sign board supported by two strings, there will be tension in each strings and a force of weight downward due to the mass of the body. The tension of both strings will be in equilibrium to weight of the object.

There will be elastic force or spring force also we can say if a rubber band is being stretched by a person.

A torque will be applied on the door when pulled by two applied forces but there will be no tension.

If a book fall from a table then the book will go under free fall motion, hence there is no possibility of tension tension on the book.

Hence we can conclude that tension tension and weight force will only be there, where we will be having an object supported by strings, also go through the diagram attached for better understanding.

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