The process that is responsible for moving molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is diffusion. The part of the circulatory system in which this happen is the alveoli.
Diffusion is a passive process of transport. A single substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space.
For example, someone is opening a bottle of perfume in a room filled with people. The perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the bottle, and gradually, more and more people will smell the perfume as it spreads.
In a process called diffusion, oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood through the capillaries (tiny blood vessels) lining the alveolar walls.
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If 163.7 L of hydrogen gas reacts with excess chlorine gas, how many liters of hydrogen chloride gas will be produced?
The volume of hydrogen chloride gas that will be produced when 163.7 L of hydrogen gas reacts with excess chlorine gas is 327.4 L
How do I determine the volume of HCl produced?First, we shall obtain the balanced equation for the reaction. This is shown below:
H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) -> 2HCl(g)
From the balanced equation above,
1 L of H₂ reacted to produce 2 L of HCl
With the above information, we can obtain the volume of hydrogen chloride gas, HCl produced when 163.7 L of hydrogen gas reacts. Details below:
From the balanced equation above,
1 L of H₂ reacted to produce 2 L of HCl
Therefore,
163.7 L of H₂ will react to produce = 163.7 × 2 = 327.4 L of HCl
Thus, the volume of hydrogen chloride gas produced is 327.4 L
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a 6.00-cm-diameter sphere with a mass of 89.3 g is neutrally buoyant in a liquid.
A 6.00-cm-diameter sphere with a mass of 89.3 g is neutrally buoyant in a liquid will be 5358 n.
The propensity of an element to float in such a fluid is known as buoyancy. The buoyant force is an upward force that all liquids as well as gases in the absence of gravity apply to any object submerged in them.
the formula Fb=Vg to determine the buoyant force. F b = dV g, where F b is still the buoyant force expressed in Newtons, would be the fluid density expressed in kilograms per cubic metre, V is the volume of the displaced fluid expressed in cubic meters, and g would be the acceleration brought on by gravity.
Put the values in formula:
F b = dV g,
Fd = 6.00-cm × 89.3 g × 10
Fd = 5358 n
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The ion that controls the widest variety of intracellular activities is __________.
A) potassium
B) sodium
C) chloride
D) calcium
Answer:
D)Calcium
Hope it help and is this the master A&P chapter 6?
a copper wire dipped in a solution containing ag(cn)− 2 ions acquires a silver coating because
ANSWER:-
2Ag(aq)++Cu(s)→2Ag(s)+Cu(aq)+2
The copper wire dipped in the solution acquires a silver coating because b. Ag+ oxidizes Cu to Cu2+ C u 2 + . This is because, according to the reactivity series of metals, copper is a more reactive metal compared to silver.
Explanation:
i hope this helps
watch the animation of sigma bond formation in methane, ch4. what types of orbitals on the central carbon atom are used to form the sigma bonds?
Consequently, each C-H bond in methane can be understood as the overlap of a half-filled 1s orbital in four hydrogen atoms with the bigger lobe of one of the four half-filled sp3 hybrid orbitals to generate a four equivalent sigma () bond.
How is the bonding of CH4 affected by the different forms of hybrid orbitals?By combining one orbital with three p orbitals, methane molecules hybridize. One unpaired electron can be found in each orbital.
How are the bonds structured in methane CH4's core carbon atom?Four covalent connections between the carbon and hydrogen atoms make up the methane molecule. Due to the presence of bonds on the core atom's four sides, the arrangement of the molecule exhibits a fair amount of symmetry.
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a compound that you are studying, called remerol, is soluble in hexane but not in water. would you predict that remoral is polar or nonpolar
You are researching a substance called remerol, which dissolves in hexane but not in water. Non-polarity is remerol.
Because it dissolves in hexane, a nonpolar solvent, but not in the water, remerol is nonpolar (a polar solvent).
Polar breaks down polar. Similar to this, neither polar nor non-polar will dissolve the other. Hexane's structure consists only of carbon-hydrogen bonds since both carbon and hydrogen have nearly identical electronegativities. Water is actually quite polar, whereas hexane is incredibly non-polar. We can therefore conclude that remerol is non-polar if we are not soluble in polar. If we are non-polar and soluble, it follows that morality is also non-polar. There are therefore only two possibilities: either it is non-polar because it dissolves in hexane, a polar solvent but not in the water, or it is a non-polar solvent. Because hexane is a non-polar solvent, that is illogical. Let's examine the alternate hypothesis. It is true that remerol is non-polar because it dissolves in hexane, which is a non-polar solvent, but not in water, which is a polar solvent.
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if one neutron is absorbed and no by-products are formed, what is the starting isotope? express your answer as an isotope.
The starting isotope for the formation of Molybdenum-99 by the neutron bombardment of a naturally occurring isotope is Molybdenum-98, ⁹⁸₄₂Mo.
What are nuclear reactions?Nuclear reactions are reactions in which there are changes in the particle present in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
The particles found in the nucleus of an element are protons and neutrons. Changes that occur in the number of these particles result in the formation of isotopes of elements or entirely new elements.
Nuclear reactions are represented by nuclear equations.
The nuclear equation for the formation of Molybdenum-99 by the neutron bombardment of a naturally occurring isotope is shown below:
⁹⁸₄₂Mo + ₀¹n ---> ⁹⁹₄₂MoLearn more about isotopes at: https://brainly.com/question/18640165
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Complete question:
Molybdenum-99 is formed by the neutron bombardment of a naturally occurring isotope. If one neutron is absorbed and no byproducts are formed, what is the starting isotope?
How many moles of PbCl2 are produced when 16 moles AlCl3 are consumed? 3Pb(NO3)2 + 2AICI3 → 3PbCl2 + 2A1(NO3)3 [?] mol PbCl₂
Answer: the number of moles of PbCl2 produced when 16 moles of AlCl3 are consumed is 24 moles.
Explanation: To determine the number of moles of PbCl2 that are produced when 16 moles of AlCl3 are consumed, you will need to balance the chemical equation and use the coefficients in front of each compound to determine the mole ratio.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
3Pb(NO3)2 + 2AlCl3 → 3PbCl2 + 2Al(NO3)3
Once the equation is balanced, you can use the coefficients in front of each compound to determine the mole ratio. In this case, the coefficient for PbCl2 is 3, and the coefficient for AlCl3 is 2, which means that there is a 3:2 mole ratio between these two compounds. This means that for every 2 moles of AlCl3 that are consumed, 3 moles of PbCl2 are produced.
To calculate the number of moles of PbCl2 produced when 16 moles of AlCl3 are consumed, you can divide the number of moles of AlCl3 by the mole ratio:
moles PbCl2 = 16 moles AlCl3 / (3 moles PbCl2 / 2 moles AlCl3)
= 16 moles AlCl3 / (3/2)
= 24 moles PbCl2
A buffer solution is prepared that is 0.18 m nh3 and 0.27 m nh4cl. what is the ph of this buffer? kb for nh3 is 1.8 x 10^-5
The buffer solution made with 0.18 M [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] and 0.27 M [tex]NH_{4}Cl[/tex] has a pH of 5.14.
A buffer solution is an aqueous mixture of a weak acid and either its conjugate base or base itself. When a modest amount of a strong acid or base is applied to it, the pH hardly changes at all. A multitude of chemical applications use buffer solutions to maintain pH at a practically constant value. Numerous living systems use buffering to control pH in the natural world.
A buffer solution, which has a constant pH value, is used to keep the solution's pH within the appropriate range. Buffers come in both acidic and basic varieties.
Given,
The buffer solution made with 0.18 M [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] and 0.27 M [tex]NH_{4}Cl[/tex] and
[tex]k_{b}[/tex] of NH₃ = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵
Then, we know
[tex]pk_{b}[/tex] = - log ([tex]k_{b}[/tex])
= - log (1.8 × 10⁻⁵)
= 4.74
Now,
By Henderson equation, We get
pH = [tex]pk_{b}[/tex] +ln [[tex]NH_{4}Cl[/tex] / [tex]NH_{3}[/tex]]
= 4.74 + ln (0.27 /0.18)
= 5.14
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a 10 ml sample of hcl solution was transferred to an errenmeyer flask and diluted by adding about 40 ml of distille dwater. phenolphalein indicator was added, and the solution was titrated with .215 m naoh until the indicator turned pink. the exact volume of naoh required was 22.75 ml. calculate the concentration of hcl in the original 10 ml sample
The phenolphthalein the indicator was added, and solution was titrated with the 0.215 M NaOH until the indicator will turned pink. the exact volume of NaOH 22.75 ml. The concentration of the HCl in 10 mL is 0.489 M.
Given that :
concentration , M1 = ?
volume V1 = 10 mL
concentration , M2 = 0.215 M
volume V2 = 22.75 mL
the reaction is :
HCl + NaOH ----> NaCl + H₂O
1 mole HCl react with the 1 mole of the NaOH
the expression is given below :
M1 V1 = M2 V2
M1 = M2 V2 / V1
M1 = ( 0.215 × 22.75 ) / 10
M1 = 0.489 M
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If 50 g of potassium nirate is added to 100 g of water at 30degreet celcius how many gram of potassium nirate will not dissolve
If 50 g of potassium nitrate is added to 100 g of water at 30 degrees Celcius, 30 gram of potassium nitrate will not dissolve.
What is a solubility curve?A solubility curve is a curve that is produced when the amount of solute that dissolves in a given volume of solvent is plotted against the temperature of the solution formed.
A solubility curve can be used to predict the amount of a given solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature.
The solubility curve of potassium nitrate is shown in the attachment.
At 30°C, the solubility of potassium nitrate is 20 g/100 g of water.
Hence, the amount of potassium nitrate that will remain undissolved when 50 g of it is added to 100 g of water at 30°C will be:
Amount left undissolved = 50 - 20 g
Amount left undissolved = 30
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Which of the following statements is correct about hydrogen atom?A3s - orbital is lower in energy than 3p-orbitalB3p-orbital is lower in energy than 3d-orbitalC3s and 3p-orbitals are of lower energy than 3d-orbitalsD3s, and 3p-orbitals all have the same energy
Match groups with their appropriate electron configuration
Group 15
Group 18
Lathanides and Actinides
Group 17
Group 1
Group 14
Group 16
Groups 3-12
Group 2
Group 13
a. s2 p4
b. s1
c. s2 p6
d. s2 p2
e. s2 p1
f. s2 p5
9. s2
h. fill d orbitals
i. fill f orbitals
j. s2 p3
The valence electronic configuration of group 17 is s² p⁵, and that for group one is s¹ and group 16 is s² p⁴. For group 3 -12 the valence electrons fill in d - orbitals. and for group 2 it is s². for group 13- s² p¹. For lanthanides and actinides, the valence electrons fill in f- orbitals.
What is electronic configuration?The filling of electrons of an atom from the lower energy level to the higher energy level is called its electronic configuration. The group number for atom with 3 and more electrons are 10 added to these numbers.
For group 15, there are 5 valence electrons and the valence electronic configuration is : s² p³.
For group 18 : s² p⁶.
For group 16 : the valence configuration is s² p⁴. And for group 17 it is s² p⁵. Group 1 and 2 have the valence electronic configuration as s¹ and s² respectively.
Group 14, the configuration is s² p² and the that for group 13 is s² p¹. Elements of group 3 - 12 are d - block elements. The valence electrons of these elements fall in d- orbital.
Similarly lanthanides and actinides are f - block elements. Their valence electrons are filled in f- orbitals.
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when ionization occurs at the single stereocenter of a chiral compound, the resulting carbocation is: group of answer choices none of the above achiral chiral optically active racemic
The resulting carbocation is achiral. Hence, the correct option is B.
Racemisation is defined as a process in which optically active compounds (consisting of a single enantiomer) are converted into an equal mixture of enantiomers with zero optical activity (a racemic mix). The rate of the racemisation depends upon the molecule and conditions such as pH and temperature.
When racemisation occurs at a single stereocentre of a chiral compound, the resulting carbocation is achiral. Carbocation has trigonal planar structure, so it is optically inactive.
If the starting molecule is chiral, the resulting products should be racemisation products or enantiomers. Racemisation takes place whenever the reaction causes chiral molecules to be converted to an achiral intermediate.
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mesitylene is a liquid hydrocarbon. if 0.115 g of this compound is burned in pure oxygen to give 0.3790 g co2 and 0.1035 g h2o, what is the empirical formula of the compound?
The empirical formula of the compound is C3H4.
Solution:
For the simplest ratio device both moles by lowest mole.
C = 0.00864/0.00864 = 1 x 3 = 3
H = 0.0115/0.00864 = 1.33 x3 = 4
The empirical formula is = C3H4
An empirical formula is the chemical formula of a compound that indicates the proportion of elements present in the compound but does not indicate the actual number or arrangement of atoms. This will be the smallest integer ratio of the elements in the compound.
The molecular formula is the simplest formula for a compound and is defined as the ratio of the smallest possible integer exponents of the elements in the formula. Also known as the simplest formula. Pharmaceutical companies use empirical studies to test certain drugs in controlled or random groups to study effects and causes.
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A sample of element x contains 90 percent 35x atoms, 8. 0 percent 37x atoms, and 2. 0 percent 38x atoms. What is the average atomic mass, in amu?.
Average atomic mass of X is 35.22 amu
What will be the average atomic mass?
The average atomic mass of X will be closer to 35
Let Isotope X³⁵ be A
Let Isotope X³⁷ be B
Let Isotope X³⁸ be C
According to the given question:
The average atomic mass of X can be obtained as follow:
For isotope A (X³⁵):
Mass of A = 35 amu
Abundance of A (A%) = 90%
For isotope B (X³⁷):
Mass of B = 37 amu
Abundance of B (B%) = 8%
For isotope C (X³⁸):
Mass of C = 38 amu
Abundance of C (C%) = 2%
Atomic mass of X =?
Atomic mass = [(mass of A × A%)/100] + [(mass of B × B%)/100] + [(mass of C × C%)/100]
= [(35 × 90)/100] + [(37 × 8)/100] + [(38 × 2)/100]
= 31.5 + 2.96 + 0.76
Average atomic mass of X = 35.22 amu
Therefore, average atomic mass of X will be closer to 35
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What is the volume of 56.0 g of CO2 ast STP
Explanation:
STP= 0 degrees
1atm or 101.3 kpa
[tex]pv = nrt[/tex]
P=101.3 kpa
v=?
n=mass/molar mass of co2=56/44.01
r=8.314
T=-273 K
[tex]101.3 \times v = \frac{56}{44.01} \times 8.314 \times 273 [/tex]
[tex]v = 28.5l[/tex]
in order for a bond between atoms to be stable, how should the attractive forces compare to the repulsive forces
A connection needs more attractive forces than repellent ones in order to be stable.
The electrostatic pull that holds the atoms together to create compounds is the basis of chemical bonds. Stronger bonds and more stable compounds result from stronger electrostatic attraction. The bond will require more energy to be broken because of the electrostatic attraction, making it more stable. The bond will be less stable if the repulsive forces are too strong since they will make the link weaker and need less energy to break. A durable link between atoms requires that the attractive forces outweigh the repulsive forces.
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Which is more reactive phosphorus or chlorine and why?
Answer:
Phosphorus, sulphur and chlorine have 5, 6 and 7 valence electrons respectively. They accept 3, 2 and 1 electrons respectively. It is easier to accept 1 electron than 2 or 2 electrons than 3. Hence, phosphorus is least reactive followed by sulphur and chlorine which is most reactive.
Explanation:
calculate the number of moles in 17.8 g of the antacid magnesium hydroxide, mg(oh)2.
The number of moles in 17.9 g of mg(oh)2 is 0.305 mol
The number of moles of a substance can be determined by taking the ratio of the given mass and the molar mass of that substance. The mathematical expression to calculate the number of moles is as follows
number of moles is the ratio of given mass by molar mass
Number of moles= [tex]\frac{Given \mass\ (g)}{Molar\ mass\ (g/mol)}[/tex] ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅(1)
The given mass of antacid magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) is 17.8 g.
The molar mass of Mg(OH)2 is 58.3197 g/mol.
Now , substitute these values in equation (1) to get the number of moles of antacid magnesium hydroxide as follows:
Number of moles = [tex]\frac{17.8\ moles}{58.3197\ g/mol}[/tex]
=>0.305 mol
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what is atomic radius a. draw lithium and sodium as compare them b. what is an electron shell? how do we know how many of these are? c. what happens as more electrons and shells are added to an atom? d. summarize the trend and why
a. Atomic radius is a measure of the size of an atom, typically defined as the distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost valence electron.
b. An electron shell is a region of space around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are most likely to be found.
c. As more electrons and shells are added to an atom, the overall size of the atom increases.
d. The trend in atomic radius is that it generally decreases as we go across a period (from left to right) and increases as we go down a group (from top to bottom) on the periodic table.
Lithium and sodium are both alkali metals and have similar electronic structures, with one valence electron in the outermost electron shell. They differ in the number of protons and neutrons in their nuclei, which affects the overall size of the atom. Lithium has three protons and four neutrons in its nucleus, while sodium has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. As a result, sodium is larger than lithium, with a larger atomic radius.
When more electrons and shells are added to an atom, it will increasing the atom size. This is because the additional electrons are farther from the nucleus and contribute to the overall size of the atom. Additionally, as more electron shells are added, the shielding effect of the inner electrons increases, which means that the outer electrons experience less attraction to the nucleus and are therefore less tightly bound. This can also contribute to the overall size of the atom.
Atomic radius is that it generally decreases as we go across a period (from left to right) and increases as we go down a group (from top to bottom) on the periodic table. This is because as we go across a period, the number of protons in the nucleus increases, which increases the overall positive charge and attracts the valence electrons more strongly. This causes the valence electrons to be more closely bound to the nucleus, leading to a smaller atomic radius. As we go down a group, the number of electron shells increases, which increases the size of the atom overall. Additionally, the outermost valence electrons are farther from the nucleus and experience less attraction, which also contributes to the overall increase in size.
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What is the difference between a mole and a molar mass? How do you use the periodic table to find the molar mass of an element or a compound?
Answer:
mole is a 6.022×10^-23 molecules while molar mass is the mass in grams of one mole of a substance
Explanation:
one just needs to know the atomic number of an element.to know it's molar mass.Molar mass equals atomic mass of an element
acetylene (c2h2) has a tendency to lose two protons (h ) and form the carbide ion (c2 2- ), which is present in a number of ionic compounds such as cac2 and mgc2. given on the right is the ordering of the molecular orbital energies for c2. a) fill in the valence electrons of the carbide ion into the given diagram in order to create the molecular orbital diagram for the carbide ion in its ground state. b) what is the bond order of c2 2- based on your diagram? bond order of c2 2- : 3 c) looking at your mo diagram, is the c2 2- molecule diamagnetic or paramagnetic?
a) The molecular orbital diagram of carbide ion in ground state is attached in the image below and b) The bond order of C22- is 2 and C) the molecule is diamagnetic.
a) The valence electrons of the carbide ion into the given diagram in order to create the molecular orbital diagram for the carbide ion in its ground state is given as by deriving bond order as follows:
b) The bond order can be calculated as follows:
Bond order=8-2/2=2
c) The molecular orbital diagram of carbide ion in ground state is attached in the image below. This molecule is diamagnetic in nature. A diamagnetic substance is one whose atoms have no permanent magnetic dipole moment.
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i need to know the answer for these ASAP
The products of the given chemical equation is given serially 1) zinc nitrate and lead bromide,2) hydrogen chloride and copper bromide 3) sodium phosphate and potassium acetate .
What is chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
The first chemical equation was put forth by Jean Beguin in 1615.By making use of chemical equations the direction of reaction ,state of reactants and products can be stated. In the chemical equations even the temperature to be maintained and catalyst can be mentioned.
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How do you use the standard reduction potentials table to calculate the cell potential of a galvanic cell?
Answer:
Explanation:
to find standard reduction potential we have to know one formula
that is E°cell = E cathode - E anode
where the cathode is always one with more negative signs and the anode would always be a less negative sign or more positive value.
H ion increae in concentration at lower pH value. Calculate how many more H ion there are in a olution at a pH = 2 than in a olution at a pH = 6. Find the concentration of H ion at a pH = 2 and at a pH = 6 in Table B. Then divide the concentration of H ion at a
pH = 2 by the of H ion at a pH = 6. Record your anwer in Table C. What i the concentration of H ion at a pH = 2?
mol/L
What i the concentration of H ion at a pH = 6?
mol/L
How many more H ion are there in a olution at a
pH = 2 than in a olution at a pH = 6?
The H ion concentration at pH 2 is 10-² mol/litre, at pH 6 is 10-⁶ mol/litre and concentration of H ion at pH 2 is 10,000 times more than H concentration at pH 6.
The H ion concentration can are related to each other as follows -
pH = - log (H)
For the pH 2
Keep the values in equation
2 = - log (H)
H = 10-² mol/litres
For the pH 6
6 = - log (H)
Keep the value in equation
H = 10-6 mo/litre
Excess acidic character -
Acidic character = 10-²/10-⁶
Performing division on Right Hand Side of the equation
Acidic character = 10⁴
So, the hydrogen ion concentration at 2 is 10,000 times more hydrogen ion concentration at pH 6.
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how much au will be plated out (from a solution containing au3 ) by the same amount of current that plates 10.5 g of cu (from a solution of cu2 )
Keeping in mind that, in accordance with the half reaction, gold can be plated from an Au3+-containing solution. Au3+(aq) + 3 e- Au (s) = (M(Au)It)/nF = (197g/mol5.5A25min60sec/min)/(396500C/m.
How does electrolysis current become calculated?How to Determine the Required Current Find out how much a material is created or absorbed by moles. For the half-reaction that is occurring, write the equation. Determine the necessary amount of electron moles. Turn coulombs of charge into moles of electrons. Calculate the needed current.
How are current amounts calculated?We can easily calculate current by dividing the total charge by the measurement period. I = Q t, where I stands for current, Q for charge, and t for time, is a formula for calculating current.
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how does lattice energy relate to the attraction between ions and the stability of an ionic compound
Lattice energy relates to the attraction between ions and the stability of an ionic compound in which lattice energy increases for ions with higher charges and shorter distances between ions.
What is lattice energy?Lattice energy is a measure of the strength of the ionic bonds in an ionic compound. It provides insight into several properties of ionic solids including their volatility, their solubility, and their hardness.
For example, when sodium ion (Na+) combines with chloride ion (Cl–), sodium chloride (NaCl) crystal forms, and 787.3 kJ of energy is released. Another example, when calcium ion (Ca2+) combines with oxide ion (O2-), calcium oxide (CaO) crystal forms, and 3414 kJ of energy is released.
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how many moles of gas would occupy a volume of 22.4 l at a pressure of 745 torr and a temperature of 26oc?
Number of moles of gas that would occupy a volume of 22.4 L at pressure of 745 torr and a temperature of 26⁰C is 90811.4 moles of gas.
An ideal gas is a theoretical gasoline composed of many randomly moving point debris that aren't challenge to interparticle interactions. the suitable fuel concept is useful because it obeys an appropriate fuel law, a simplified equation of nation, and is amenable to evaluation under statistical mechanics.
Calculation:-
By ideal gas law,
PV = n RT
P = pressure of gas, given = 745 torr = 99325 Pa
V = volume of gas, given = 22.4 L
n = number of moles of gas
R = gas constant, given = 0.0821
T = temperature of a gas, given = 299 K
Put the values in formula, PV = nRT
n = PV/RT
n = 90811.4
Hence, the moles of gas is 90811.4.
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how might mass spec be able to help determine the differences between these three molecules that have very similar molecular weights?
Mass spectrometers may be used to pick out unknown compounds through molecular weight determination, to quantify regarded compounds, and to decide shape and chemical residences of molecules.
The relative abundance of every isotope may be decided the usage of mass spectrometry. A mass spectrometer ionizes atoms and molecules with a high-power electron beam after which deflects the ions via a magnetic discipline primarily based totally on their mass-to-charge ratios ( m / z m/z m/z ). In a pure sample of an element, the mass of that element is represented as an m/z ratio and can be used to identify the element. Also, identification of an element can be done by calculating the average atomic mass from the mass spectrum data.
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