Genetic variation is required for natural selection to operate. If all individuals possessed the same feature, there would be no relative variation in their reproductive success because they would all be equally suited to their environments.
A population's genetic variation can be measured to provide an idea of the range of genetic differences that are present in that community.
The genetic variation that exists throughout an entire species is typically referred to as the species' genetic diversity. Individuals might have distinct genetic variants due to variances in the DNA segments or genes they inherited from their parents. These variations are referred to as alleles. A population, for instance, is said to have a high level of genetic variety when there are many distinct alleles present at a single chromosome site. Natural selection can only increase or reduce the frequency of alleles that already exist in a population.
Mutations, which change the order of genes in DNA, are one way that genes can be different. Another source is gene flow, which is when genes move from one group of organisms to another. Lastly, sexual reproduction can cause genetic variation because it creates new combinations of genes.
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how the life functions of a unicelluar oragnism are carried out
In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____. In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____. substrate-level phosphorylation photosynthesis photophosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation cellular respiration
In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by oxidative phosphorylation.
Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms combine oxygen and food molecules, direct the chemical energy of those substances to life-sustaining activities, and dispose of carbon dioxide and water as waste.
Cell respiration is the process that occurs in the mitochondria of living organisms (animals and plants), breaking down sugar in the presence of oxygen and releasing energy in the form of ATP. In this process, carbon dioxide and water are released as waste.
Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which ATP synthesis is linked to electron transfer and associated oxygen consumption through the mitochondrial electron transport chain.
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HELP!! This is part of a big project I have and it’s a big part of my grade please help
Cells can make new cells. One cell can (a) ____________ into two new cells. This is called (b)__________________. The process of cell division goes through various states. First, the cell nucleus (c)________________ into two. A new cell surface membrane then (d)____________ the cell divides. The two new cells are called (e)_______________ and they are small. They will grow and become larger. They grow by getting (f)______________ from the food that is eaten. Once they grow to full size they can also (g)_____________. If cells divide more quickly than they should, or divide in the wrong way, (h)_____________ can develop.
What happens after anaphase?
A. Metaphase
B. Prophase
C. Telophase
D. Go phase
Answer:C. Telophase
Explanation:
Some taxonomists have developed an alternate system of classification in which tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans are placed together in the suborder Group of answer choices Prosimii. Lorisoidea. Haplorhini. Strepsirhini.
Prosimii taxonomists have developed an alternate system of classification in which tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans are placed together.
The answer is option A.
Historically, the order Primates was divided into Prosimii (the primitive primates: lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers) and Anthropoidea (the bigger-brained monkeys and apes, consisting of humans).
Part of the corridor of Human Origins. People are primates–a numerous group that includes a few two hundred species. Monkeys, lemurs, and apes are our cousins, and all of us have developed from a commonplace ancestors over the last 60 million years. Due to the fact primates are associated, they may be genetically similar.
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Which of these provides evidence from developmental biology of a shared evolutionary history?
An evidence for a shared evolutionary relationship between organisms is in the similarity of embryos.
What is an evidence of a shared evolutionary history in developmental biology?An evidence for a shared evolutionary relationship between organisms is found in developmental biology.
The embryo of the different species such of higher animals such as aves, amphibians, reptiles and mammals show a similarity in the embryo stage.
For example, there is the presence of gills in the embryos.
In conclusion, similarity in embryos is an evidence of a shared evolutionary history.
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alter repressor proteins thereby increasing the rate of transcription initiation. Multiple Choice Inducers Corepressors Effectors Modulators
Inducers alter repressor proteins thereby increasing the rate of transcription initiation.
What are inducers?A substance that is capable of activating the transcription of a gene by combining with and inactivating a genetic repressor.
What are repressors?Repressor protein directly binds to the operator sequence of the gene and inhibits gene expression
Corepressor protein binds to the repressor protein and indirectly regulates (inhibit) the gene expression.
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The afferent and efferent neurons together form the The afferent and efferent neurons together form the central nervous system. autonomic division. somatic motor division. visceral nervous system. peripheral nervous system.
The afferent and efferent neurons together form the peripheral nervous system.
What are the parts of the peripheral nervous system?The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves and nerve ganglia. See how they are distributed and how they act in the body. The nerves of the peripheral nervous system are like cords formed by nerve fibers arranged and surrounded by connective tissue.
in this case, the peripheral nervous system is responsible for the afferent and efferent neurons together.
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Do you think the SARS-COV-2 pandemic is a question that population ecology can help solve? Explain.
Yes, I consider population ecology may result very useful to understand the zoonosis of this pandemic disease.
What is population ecology?Population ecology is a major branch of ecology aimed at full understanding of how populations may change in a given environment.
This subdiscipline (population ecology ) also analyzes the manner in which populations may interact with their surrounding environment, including human populations.
In conclusion, population ecology may result useful to understand the zoonosis of diseases.
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The area of genomics that studies the similarities and differences in gene content, function, and organization of whole genomes of different organisms is _____ genomics. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Answer choices
The area of genomics that studies the similarities and differences in gene content, function, and organization of whole genomes of different organisms is Comparative genomics.
The objective of comparative genomics is to compare two or more genomes in order to identify their similarities and differences as well as to learn more about the biology of each genome.Researchers can learn what distinguishes various living forms from one another at the molecular level by comparing the genomic sequences of various creatures. Additionally, comparative genomics offers a potent tool for examining how organisms have evolved through time. It may be used to find genes that are conserved or shared by many species as well as genes that give each organism its own traits.
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 Explain how to make a cheek cell slide
Methods
Take a clean cotton swab and gently scrape the inside of your mouth.
Smear the cotton swab on the centre of the microscope slide for 2 to 3 seconds.
Add a drop of methylene blue solution and place a coverslip on top. ...
Remove any excess solution by allowing a paper towel to touch one side of the coverslip
Control of respiration is based on input from mechanoreceptors that monitor ______ and chemoreceptors that monitor ______.
Control of respiration is based on input from mechanoreceptors that monitor lung inflation and chemoreceptors that monitor blood O2, CO2, and pH.
Chemoreceptor feedback is one method used to regulate breathing. The brain's central chemoreceptors, which react to changes in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in their immediate environment, and arterial chemoreceptors, which monitor and react to changes in the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the arterial blood, are two different types of respiratory chemoreceptors. Ventilation levels act as though they were controlled to keep the arterial blood adequately oxygenated and to maintain a consistent level of carbon dioxide partial pressure. Both the rate and depth of breathing rise when chemoreceptor activity is increased due to hypoxia or an increase in carbon dioxide partial pressure, which returns oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures to their normal levels.On the other hand, excessive ventilation lowers the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, which reduces the activity of chemoreceptors and decreases ventilation.learn more about chemoreceptors here; https://brainly.com/question/12061102
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When trees are uprooted and the land left bare, what happened to the rain water?
Answer:
when trees are cut down, the bare surfaces left behind absorb more heat than the forest they replaced. And that heat helps draw air upward, pulling moist air in from nearby forested land that increases rainfall in the immediate area.
In most all cases, the absence of hitchhiker's thumb reflects a dominant hereditary status and the presence of hitchhiker's thumb a recessive status. If a man who is homozygous dominant [ 'HH' ] for the genes controlling this trait mates with a woman who is homozygous recessive [ 'hh' ], what is the likelihood their offspring will have hitchhiker's thumb
If a man who is homozygous dominant [ 'HH' ] for the genes controlling this trait mates with a woman who is homozygous recessive [ 'hh' ] the likelihood of their offspring having hitchhiker's thumb will be 0%.
The absence of hitchhiker's thumb reflects a dominant hereditary status and the presence of hitchhiker's thumb a recessive status.thus the man with HH will be homozygous dominant and the hitchhiker's thumb will b absent.the woman with hh will be homozygous recessive and the hitchhiker's thumb will be present.Mating the male and female the following cross is obtained:
HH X hh (parents) Hh, Hh, Hh, Hh (offspring)Hence the hitchhiker's thumb will be absent in all the offspring as they will be heterozygous dominant for the trait. Thus, the likelihood their offspring will have hitchhiker's thumb is 0%.
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If a man who is homozygous dominant [ 'HH' ] for the genes controlling this trait mates with a woman who is homozygous recessive [ 'hh' ] the likelihood of their offspring having hitchhiker's thumb will be 0%.
What is a hitchhiker's thumb?Some folks have extremely mobile thumbs. This indicates that they bend backward more than usual. Hitchhiker's thumb is referred to in medicine as distal hyperextensibility. The Z-shaped malformation of the thumb is another name for it. Both the pain and difficulty using your hands are unaffected by the hitchhiker's thumb.
When a hitchhiker's thumb is present, a recessive hereditary status is present, and when it is absent, a dominant hereditary status is present.
As a result, the hitchhiker's thumb won't exist in the homozygous dominant HH male.
The hitchhiker's thumb will be present in the homozygous recessive female hh.
The following cross is produced once the male and female are mated:
HH X hh (parents)
Hh, Hh, Hh, Hh (offspring)
As all of the offspring will be heterozygous dominant for the trait, no one will have the hitchhiker's thumb. Therefore, there is a 0% chance that their offspring will have a hitchhiker's thumb.
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Which of the following year was the term protein first used?
1883
1885
1881
1889
Answer:
1838 was. the year the term protein was used.
Explanation:
Protein comes from the Greek word proteios, meaning "primary" or "holding the first place." A Dutch chemist Gerard Johann Mulder, coined the word protein in 1838.
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fossils are found only in__
1. sedimentary rocks
2. metamorphic rocks
3. intrusive igneous rocks
4. extrusive igneous rocks
1. sedimentary rocks
They can occasionally some fine-grained, low-grade metamorphic rocks but almost all are found in sedimentary rocks.
The bicarbonate buffer system would not work very well in the human body if not for the action of the respiratory system, which ___________.
The renal system control [HCO₃⁻] and [H⁺], while the respiratory system controls the CO₂ release. Option 5. the respiratory system expels CO₂ produced by the buffer system.
How the bicarbonate buffer system works?Bicarbonate buffer is a significant key in regulating the organism's blood pH.
Bicarbonate is the conjugate base of carbonic acid.
H⁺ + HCO₃⁻ ⇒ [H₂CO₃]
The carbonic acid is converted into CO₂ and water by carbonic anhidrase
[H₂CO₃] ⇔ CO₂ + H₂O
The lungs and the kidneys are responsible for the pH control in corporal fluids.
Water is absorbed by the system, while the respiratory system releases CO₂, which is neurologically controlled. Physiological mechanisms at a renal level control the concentration of [HCO₃⁻] and [H⁺].Consequently, the blood pH control depends on the relative proportion of added HCO₃⁻ by the kidneys and CO₂ eliminated by the lungs.
H₂CO₃ would have a low buffering capacity in the body if it could not dehydrate to CO₂, a gas expelled from the body with expired air.
The correct option is 5. The bicarbonate buffer system would not work very well in the human body if not for the action of the respiratory system, which expels CO₂ produced by the buffer system.
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The bicarbonate buffer system would not work very well in the human body if not for the action of the respiratory system, which ___________.
supplies the buffer system with CO2.supplies the buffer system with O2.expels HCO3- produced by the buffer system.expels H+ produced by the buffer system.expels CO2 produced by the buffer system.The ability of a nonpathogen or weakly pathogenic microorganism to cause disease primarily in an immunocompromised host is termed a(n) ______ infection.
The ability of a nonpathogen or weakly pathogenic microorganism to cause disease primarily in an immunocompromised host is termed Opportunism infection.
What is pathogen and nonpathogen?In contrast to nonpathogenic bacteria, which do not infect or harm other living things, pathogenic bacteria are those that can cause diseases.
What is opportunism?An opportunist is an organism that can draw its sustenance from a variety of sources, but when favorable circumstances present themselves, the organism quickly seizes the chance to flourish.
What is opportunistic pathogen?A class of microorganisms known as opportunistic pathogens cause infections in hospitals, in immunocompromised patients, or in patients with underlying disorders like cystic fibrosis, which promotes infection (Koch and Hoiby, 1993).
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HELP PLEASE
Pathogen-specific defenses in the body include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. t-cells
B. Ingestion of bacteria
C. B-cells
D. Antibodies
Answer:
B. Ingestion of bacteria
Explanation:
Phagocytosis is not pathogen-specific
Ingestion of bacteria is not a pathogen-specific defence; it is a general mechanism of the immune system to clear any harmful particles, including bacteria. The correct option is B.
Pathogen-specific defences involve T-cells, B-cells, and antibodies, which target and eliminate specific types of pathogens in a highly specialized manner.
T-cells: They are a part of the pathogen-specific defence system. T-cells help identify and destroy infected cells and regulate the immune response.B-cells: B-cells are another type of white blood cell that is essential in the immune response. They produce antibodies, which are proteins that specifically target and neutralize specific pathogens. D. Antibodies: Antibodies are produced by B-cells and are a key part of the pathogen-specific defence system. They recognize and bind to specific pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells.Whereas, ingestion of bacteria is a general mechanism of the immune system, where white blood cells called macrophages engulf and destroy bacteria and other foreign particles.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
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Select the correct answer.
Why is the nucleus considered the command center of the cell?
A.
It contains the genetic instructions for every function of the cell.
B.
It is the cell’s powerhouse and processes energy for the cell.
C.
It is the organelle present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
D.
It is responsible for packaging proteins for delivery out of the cells.
The inner mitochondrial membranes are about five times the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes. This increases the surface area for ___________________.
Answer:
Oxidative phosphorylation
Explanation:
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria of all animal and plant tissues, and is a coupled process between the oxidation of substrates and production of ATP.
Ways by which nitrogen is lost
Answer:
There are mainly two processes through which nitrogen is lost.
1. denitrification
2. anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox).
However if you mean in the atmosphere,
Nitrogen losses include nitrates dissolved in surface runoff, soil erosion, organic nitrogen attached to wind and water- borne sediment; and ammonia and nitrogen oxides lost to the atmosphere.
Nitrogen can be lost from the environment through various processes. Such as Volatilization, Denitrification and Leaching.
Here are three ways by which nitrogen is lost from the environment:
1. Volatilization: Nitrogen compounds, such as ammonia (NH₃), can be converted into gas and released into the atmosphere in a process called volatilization.
This commonly occurs when nitrogen-based fertilizers are applied to agricultural fields. The ammonia can escape into the air, leading to the loss of nitrogen from the soil, reducing its availability for plant uptake.2. Denitrification: Denitrification is a microbial process where certain bacteria convert nitrates (NO₃⁻) found in soil or water into gaseous forms like nitrous oxide and nitrogen gas.
These gases then escape into the atmosphere, removing nitrogen from the terrestrial or aquatic ecosystems. Denitrification often occurs in oxygen-deprived or anaerobic environments, such as waterlogged soils.3. Leaching: When there's too much nitrogen in the soil as nitrates or ammonia, it can be carried away by rain or irrigation water, seeping deeper into the soil or entering water bodies.
This process is called leaching and can lead to nitrogen loss from the root zone, affecting plant growth.Thus, various mechanisms have the potential to remove nitrogen from the environment. such as leaching, denitrification, and volatilization.
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What is it called when vertebrates have well-developed sense organs on the head?
A) Endoskeleton
B) Dorsal Root Ganglia
C) Cephalization
D) Enclosed Nervous System
Answer:
Your answer is C) Cephalization
Explanation:
Cephalization is the mouth, sense organs, and nerve ganglia that become concentrated at the front end of an animal, producing a head region. And it is also a evolutionary trend spanning over many generations. Hope this helped :)
Answer:
I hope this helps.
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Select the correct text in the passage.
Pick out the correct sentences that correctly characterize marine reptiles.
Reptiles are warm-blooded creatures; they can regulate their internal body heat. Since they drink seawater they have large kidneys to filter
excess salt. Their skin prevents salt from entering their bodies. They have an efficient breathing mechanism. All marine reptiles breathe
through their skin. They can control their buoyancy using their lungs. All species of sea snake are non-venomous.
Reset
Next
The correct sentences to correctly characterize marine reptiles are:
C. Since they drink seawater, they have large kidneys to filter excess salt.
D. Their skin prevents salt from entering their bodies.
F. They can control their buoyancy using their lungs.
What are reptiles?Reptile is a class of animals that has animals like crocodiles, snakes, lizards, etc. These are cold-blooded animals. They are found in both land and water.
They are marine reptiles so, their kidneys and skin are adapted to filter salt, and save them from excess salt. Buoyancy is used when the animal or human dives into the water. These reptiles have lungs to do buoyancy.
Thus, options C, D, and F are correct regarding the characters of reptiles.
The passage is added below:
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Select the correct answer from
each drop-down menu.
The Spanish Civil War is also known as
Soviet Union and Mexico supported the
because many countries indirectly participated in the war. Countries such as the soviet union and mexico supported the blank,
while countries such as Germany and Italy supported the blank.
The Spanish Civil War is also known as The Crusade (Spanish: La Cruzada)
Soviet Union and Mexico supported the Cold War.
Countries like the Soviet Union and Mexico supported the Allies,
while countries like Germany and Italy supported Nazism.
Who were the Allies of the Nazis?
The Axis countries (Germany, Italy and Japan) and the Allies (France, England, USA and, later, USSR) constituted the alliances formed in the Second War. World War II was a conflict of global proportions that took place between 1939 and 1945.
With this information, we can conclude that the Spanish Civil War resulted from a confrontation between fascist and communist nationalist forces, which began to vie for power in the country.
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What microscopy tool would be most useful in observing the structure of a virus?.
If an egg that contains 24 chromosomes instead of 23 chromosomes is fertilized by a normal sperm, the result is ____________ because one type of chromosome is present in three copies.
If an egg that contains 24 chromosomes instead of 23 chromosomes is fertilized by a normal sperm, the result is trisomy because one type of chromosome is present in three copies.
What is trisomy?The presence of an extra chromosome in some or all of the body's cells. Trisomy causes that chromosome to have three total copies rather than the typical two copies. A trisomy is a type of aneuploidy (an abnormal number of chromosomes). For instance, having three copies of chromosome 21 rather than the customary two copies results in Down syndrome (trisomy 21), which is a genetic condition.
The additional chromosome leads to meiotic abnormalities, which are exhibited by abnormal associations at metaphase I, asymmetrical chromosomal separation, laggard and bridge creation at anaphase I, and abnormal associations at metaphase II. As a result, trisomic individuals develop imbalanced gametes (n+ 1).
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The properties of filtrate in the glomerular capsule is normally very similar to that of blood plasma except for the lack of:
The properties of filtrate in the glomerular capsule are normally very similar to that of blood plasma except for the lack of Proteins.
Properties of filtrate in the glomerular capsuleThe kidneys filter 1100–1200 cc of blood every minute on average. Three layers of blood are filtered as a result of glomerular blood pressure. Bowman's capsule epithelium, glomerular blood vessel endothelium, and the basement membrane between these three layers.The filtration membrane is composed of these three entities.These membranes filter the blood so thoroughly that all but a small portion of the plasma's components enter the bowman's capsule's lumen. Additionally, both of them contain diverse electrolytes like sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate ions as well as glucose, creatinine, urea, and uric acid except for proteins. This procedure is hence termed ultrafiltration.
Therefore, "Proteins" is the right response.
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Identify the error in the following statement: “Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that takes place in the chloroplasts of green plant cells, where chemical energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.”
A. “chloroplasts” should be “mitochondria”
B. “water” and “oxygen” should be switched
C. No errors
D. “chemical” should be “light”
In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), alveoli and respiratory bronchioles fill with fluid as a result of which mechanism
The smallest blood arteries in the lungs leak fluid into the tiniest air sacs where the blood is oxygenated, which is the mechanical cause of ARDS.
What is the causes of ARDS?Sepsis, a dangerous and widespread bloodstream infection, is the most typical cause of ARDS. breathing in dangerous toxins. ARDS may develop as a result of breathing toxic gases, excessive smoke concentrations, aspirating vomit, or near-drowning incidents. acute pneumonia.
Sign of respiratory distress
Breathing rate.Color changes.Grunting.Nose flaring.Retractions etc.,Learn more about respiratory distress here:
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