The product of the following reaction has the constitution shown. No stereochemistry is implied. If the stereochemistry on the basis of the fact that iodolactonization is normally an anti addition and it was determined experimentally that the ring junction is cis then the correct option is Option A.
Since ring junction is cis means it Should be axial, equatorial or equatorial, axial.
And addition of Iodine is anti, that means iodine and ring junction are trans, it should be axial, axial or equatorial, equatorial position of Iodine and one of ring junction.
Note: 1,2-cis - axial, equatorial or equatorial, axial
1,2-trans: axial, axial or equatorial, equatorial
So, The constitution is revealed in the result of the given reaction. There is no implication of stereochemistry. Option A is the correct option if the stereochemistry is based on the knowledge that iodolactonization is generally an anti addition and the ring junction was determined empirically to be cis.
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Which of the following statements about the reactions in Table 2.2 is FALSE?
A) They are dissociation reactions.
B) They are exchange reactions.
C) They are reversible reactions.
D) They are ionization reactions.
E) They occur when the reactants are dissolved in water.
B
B) They are exchange reactions. It is a chemical reaction that involves synthesis, decomposition, the formation and breaking of chemical bonds, as well as the absorption, storage, and release of chemical energy.
Which two types of reactions are there?In every chemical process, energy is involved. When new bonds form in products, energy is produced. Energy is used to break bonds in reactants. Chemical reactions can be classified as either exothermic or endothermic in terms of energy.
With an example, what is reaction?Their reaction to the news was good. His first response when I told him what had transpired was shock. Most of the attendees at the conference reacted angrily to the announcement. When I initially met him, I didn't immediately believe in him.
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help asha identify whether the reaction is a synthesis or decomposition reaction: h2 f2equation2 hf
Given reaction H2 + F2 → 2 HF is a Synthesis reaction.
What is meant by Synthesis Reaction?Synthesis reactions are those that take place when two distinct atoms or molecules interact to create a new chemical or molecule. When a synthesis reaction takes place, energy is often released, and the reaction is exothermic. An endothermic result, however, is also conceivable.
Because several reactants combine to generate a single product, synthesis reactions are also known as combination reactions.
Bonds between two substances are formed during synthesis reactions. As a result, you might want to think about synthesis reactions as processes that help your body create things. Because of this, we can see that synthesis reactions are crucial for both body growth and tissue healing.
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How many 1H NMR signals (not peaks) would you predict for each of the following compounds? (Consider all protons that would be chemical shift nonequivalent.)
The precessional frequency of the compound's non-equivalent hydrogen atoms affects the signals in NMR. The non-equivalent hydrogens exist in an alternative chemical setting.
The (a) compound has three sets of non-equivalent hydrogens. The methyl hydrogens in (1) are in cis to chlorine. Methyl hydrogens, which are trans to chlorine, make up (2). Next to the chlorine atom are the (3) methyl hydrogens. The compound in (b) contains one set of non-equivalent hydrogens. The environments of the (1) and (1') methyl hydrogens are identical. The (c) compound has one set of non-equivalent hydrogens. The environments of the (1) and (1') methyl hydrogens are identical. The compound (d) contains one set of non-equivalent hydrogens. The atmosphere contains both the (1) and (1') methyl hydrogens. The compound (e) contains two sets of non-equivalent hydrogens. The chlorine atom is located at the carbon next to the (1), which is trans to the methyl group. The (2) is cis to the methyl group, and a nearby carbon has a bromine atom.
Hence, frequency of the compound's non-equivalent hydrogen atoms affects the signals in NMR.
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choose the statement that is truegroup of answer choicesa. bond line structures are able to clearly define all aspects of a molecule, including resonance. b. resonance stabilization occurs due to the delocalization of electrons. c. a resonance hybrid flips back and forth between the structures. d. resonance structures are shown in parentheses with a single barbed arrow between them.
All characteristics of a molecule, including resonance, can be precisely defined by bond line configurations. these is correct option is resonance stabilization occurs due to the delocalization of electrons.
Resonant molecules are more stable than non-resonant ones because resonance enables delocalization, where the total energy of a molecule is reduced because its electrons inhabit a larger volume. We refer to these compounds as resonance stabilized. Resonance structures are employed when a single Lewis structure is insufficient to properly explain the bonding. Some compounds have two or more resonance structures, which are chemically similar Lewis electron structures.
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the complete electron configuration of mg is , whereas the complete electron configuration of al is .target 1 of 7 target 2 of 7 removing an electron from the orbital of mg requires energy than removing an electron from the orbital of al .target 3 of 7 target 4 of 7 target 5 of 7 however, when adding an electron, the electron affinity for mg is negative than that of al because the electron is being added to sublevel.
The complete electronic configuration of Mg is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² and the electronic configuration of Al is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹.
The The complete electronic configuration of Mg is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² and the electronic configuration of Al is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹. so Mg has more stable configuration than the Al. removing an electron from the 3s² orbital of Mg requires more energy than removing an electron from the 3p¹ orbital of Al .
However, when adding an electron, the electron affinity for Mg is less negative than that of Al because the electron is being added to sublevel.
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Uranium-235, with a half-life of 713 million years, decays to lead-207. If you analyze a rock sample and find that it contains uranium-235 and lead-207 in a ratio of 1:3, how old is the rock?
a. 4600000000 years old
b.1426000000 years old
c.713000000 years old
d. 0 years old
e. 256500000 years old
Uranium-235, with a half-life of 713 million years, decays to lead-207. The rock sample contains U-235 and Pb-207 in a ratio of 1:3. The age of the rock is 1426000000 years old (option b)
The decay formula is given by:
N(t) = No (1/2)^(t/T)
Where:
N(t) = remaining quantity after time t
t = elapsed time
No = initial quantity
T = half-life
However, for simple number such as in the problem, we can solve it without formula. Given the ratio:
U-235 : Pb-207 = 1 : 3
It means the remaining uranium is 1/4 of its initial quantity.
Suppose the half-life is T and initial quantity is No, it means:
after time T, the quantity becomes 1/2 No
after time 2T, the quantity becomes 1/2 x (1/2 No) = 1/4 No
Hence,
rock's age = elapsed time
= 2T = 2 x 713 million years old
= 1426000000 years old (option b)
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Find the pH of each of the following solutions of mixtures of acids.
8.0×10−2 M in HNO3 and 0.185 M in HC7H5O2,
1.5×10−2 M in HBr and 2.0×10−2 M in HClO4,
9.5×10−2 M in HF and 0.230 M in HC6H5O,
0.100 M in formic acid and 5.5×10−2 M in hypochlorous acid
pl
1. The pH of 8.0×10−2 M in HNO3 and 0.185 M in HC7H5O2 is 2.12.
To calculate the pH of this mixture, first, calculate the total concentration of the acid. This can be done using the following equation:
Total concentration = 8.0 × 10−2 + 0.185 = 0.193 M
Next, calculate the hydrogen ion concentration (H+) using the following equation:
H+ = 10−2.12 = 5.8 × 10−3 M
Finally, calculate the pH using the following equation:
pH = −log[H+] = −log(5.8 × 10−3) = 2.12
2. The pH of 1.5×10−2 M in HBr and 2.0×10−2 M in HClO4 is 1.76.
To calculate the pH of this mixture, first, calculate the total concentration of the acid. This can be done using the following equation:
Total concentration = 1.5 × 10−2 + 2.0 × 10−2 = 3.5 × 10−2 M
Next, calculate the hydrogen ion concentration (H+) using the following equation:
H+ = 10−1.76 = 5.6 × 10−2 M
Finally, calculate the pH using the following equation:
pH = −log[H+] = −log(5.6 × 10−2) = 1.76
3. The pH of 9.5×10−2 M in HF and 0.230 M in HC6H5O is 0.77.
To calculate the pH of this mixture, first calculate the total concentration of the acid. This can be done using the following equation:
Total concentration = 9.5 × 10−2 + 0.230 = 0.329 M
Next, calculate the hydrogen ion concentration (H+) using the following equation:
H+ = 10−0.77 = 2.3 × 10−1 M
Finally, calculate the pH using the following equation:
pH = −log[H+] = −log(2.3 × 10−1) = 0.77
4. The pH of 0.100 M in formic acid and 5.5×10−2 M in hypochlorous acid is 1.25.
To calculate the pH of this mixture, first, calculate the total concentration of the acid. This can be done using the following equation:
Total concentration = 0.100 + 5.5 × 10−2 = 0.105 M
Next, calculate the hydrogen ion concentration (H+) using the following equation:
H+ = 10−1.25 = 8.0 × 10−2 M
Finally, calculate the pH using the following equation:
pH = −log[H+] = −log(8.0 × 10−2) = 1.25
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which of the following lewis diagrams best represents the bonding in the N2O molecule, considering formal charges? justify your answer.
The best diagram to represent N₂O is the second diagram which is shown in the attached image.
The Lewis diagram is used to represent the way two or more atoms bond. This is possible by using lines to represent bonds and dots to represent electrons.
In the case of the molecule N₂O bonding occurs in the following way:
A triple bond is formed between the nitrogen atoms, which means, in the Lewis diagram the nitrogen atoms are connected with three lines.
The oxygen atom connects to one of the nitrogen atoms.
The nitrogen atom that is not connected to the oxygen will have 2 electrons represented by dots because the number of valence electrons is 5, but three were used in the triple bond.
The oxygen atom will have 6 electrons represented by dots, which are equal to the number of valence electrons.
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sort the following reactions or processes based on whether they use energy from adenosine triphosphate (atp), or produce energy to store as atp.
Depending on whether they consume adenosine triphosphate (atp) energy or create it to store as atp, reactions or processes are classified as follows: Energy used = molecular transport, anabolic reaction.
Oxidation of lipids and catabolic process = energy stored.
How is the energy from ATP used?Cells can utilise the energy provided by ATP for things like energy-absorbing processes (carb and protein synthesis). transport electrical signals between the nerve cells. Between endergonic (energy-consuming) and exergonic (energy-releasing) reactions, it transports energy.
How does ATP release energy that live cells can use?By rupturing and re-forming the links between its phosphate groups, ATP may quickly release and store energy. Because of this quality, ATP is a very valuable basic energy source for all cells.
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8. What is 263 K in Celsius?
A. 536 °C B. 10 °C
C. -536 °C
Answer:
Negative 10°C
Explanation:
Temperature in Celsius = Temperature in Kelvin - 273.15
Temperature in Celsius = 263 - 273.15
Temperature in Celsius = -10.15
a compound with a molecular formula c9h10o2 has the following 1h nmr spectrum. which of the following structures is consistent with this spectrum?
structure II is correct answer
in NMR peak spectrum at 12 ppm is only for the carboxylic acid peak
in given options there is only one option with carboxylic acid functional group .therefore the answer is structure 2 is correct answer
Structures are compatible with this spectrum since no response would occur in the absence of rotation. The change in light intensity with regard to wavelength or frequency is referred to as a "spectrum." While a spectroscope is used to see spectra visually, a spectrograph is a device used to record or map spectrum.
Options and reference diagram are provided in below the solution.
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the diagrams above represent two samples of xe gas in containers of equal volume at 280k. which of the following correctly compares the two samples in terms of their deviation from ideal gas behavior and explains why?
Because the Xe atoms in sample 2 are closer together, the intermolecular attractions increase, causing the gas to deviate more from ideal behaviour.
Elastic collisions occur between molecules in an ideal gas. When compared to the distance between two molecules, the molecules in an ideal gas are very small. As a result, unlike in Sample 1, there are no attractive forces between the molecules. • In Sample 2, the molecules are very close to each other and will be attracted by other molecules. The term ideal gas makes reference to a purely theoretical gas made of molecules that adhere to a few rules: The molecules of a thermodynamic equilibrium need not attract or repel one another. An ideal gas is one where both the volume of molecules and the forces between both the particles are so small that they no effect just on gas's behaviour.
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Place the conjugate bases of the following acids in descending order of basic strength.
The descending order of the strength of the conjugate bases of the given acids is as follows:
H₂OHBrOHClOHNO₃What are conjugate bases?Conjugate bases are substances formed when an acid donates its proton.
The strength of the conjugate bases formed from an acid is the inverse of the acid dissociation constant, Ka, of the acid.
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, of the given acid are given below:
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, of hypobromous acid, HBrO, is 2.3 * 10⁻⁹
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, of trioxonitrate (v) acid, HNO₃ is 2.4 * 10¹
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, of water, H₂O, is 1.8 x 10⁻¹⁶
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, of Hypochlorous acid, HClO, is 3.0 x 10⁻⁸
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28. Which of the following best describes the properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
A. Protons and neutrons have a positive charge while electrons have no charge.
B. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons and electrons have a negative charge.
C. Protons and electrons have a positive charge while neutrons have no charge.
D. Protons have a positive charge; neutrons have zero charge; electrons have a negative
charge.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Protons are a positively charged subatomic particles, neutrons have no charge, and lastly, electrons are a negatively charged subatomic particles.
There are several valid ways to represent an organic structure In a structural formula, all atoms and bonds are shown. For example, consider molecule A. Draw molecule A exactly as it appears in the image. Select Draw Rings More Erase Molecule
TRUE, There are several valid ways to represent an organic structure In a structural formula, all atoms and bonds are shown.
Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, which are matter in various forms that contain carbon atoms. Structure research determines their structural formula. The primary distinction between these organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always contain a carbon atom, whereas most inorganic compounds do not. Almost every organic compound contains a carbon-hydrogen or a simple C-H bond.Chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule are identified by structural formulas. A structural formula is made up of atom symbols connected by short lines representing chemical bonds—one, two, or three lines representing single, double, or triple bonds, respectively.
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Is the giant water lily multicellular or unicellular
Answer:
Multi cellular
Explanation:
As it has more than one cell
Answer:
giant water lily is is multi cellular
Why does this equation show that matter is neither created nor destroyed (law of conservation) in a chemical reaction?
Mg(OH)2+2HNO3 > Mg(NO3)2+2H2O
There are the same number of atoms for each element on the reactant and product side of the equation.
There are the same number of molecules on the reactant and product side of the equation.
There are the same number of reactants as products in the equation.
This equation does not show that matter is neither created nor destroyed.
To demonstrate that material is neither created nor destroyed throughout the chemical, the quantity of particles or mass with in donor ends must match the number the bits of weights in the final sides.
What elements make up atoms?Protons, protons, and particles are three incredibly small subatomic particles that make up an atom. The nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons, sits in the middle of an atom, and an electron cloud flies around it.
Briefing:According to the rule of conservation of masses, masses can change from one form to another but are neither generated nor destroyed.
It simply indicates that the reactant and product masses in a nuclear reaction will be equal.
A equation must be balances in order to follow the rule of conservation of mass. Therefore,
Mg(OH)₂ + 2HNO₃ → Mg(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O
Therefore, the quantity of atoms or bodies in the reactor sides must match the quantity of atoms or mass in the product sides in order to show why matter is neither generated nor deleted in the chemical process.
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you believe xyz stock will be rising and want to recommend a spread position to your client that would be profitable if it does. of the positions listed, you would recommend that the client go
we should recommend the bull market if there is a chance of rising stocks and that would be profitable.
This shows the bull market according to the Dow theory. The Dow theory on stock price movement is a form of technical analysis that includes some aspects of sector rotation. A bull market is the condition of a financial market in which prices are rising or are expected to rise. The term is most often used to refer to the stock market but can be applied to anything that is traded such as bonds, real estate, currencies, and commodities. A bull market is a period of time in financial markets when the price of an asset or security rises continuously. The commonly accepted definition of a bull market is when stock prices rise by 20% after two declines of 20% each. Traders employ a variety of strategies, such as increased buy and hold and retracement, to profit off bull markets.
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QUESTION 1
*Hint: Write this down on paper first, then try to enter your answers."
Write and balance the chemical reaction for the combustion of propane gas (C3H8). Every slot requires
an answer, think carefully about what should go where!
O
()
+
+
✪
1
The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane gas would be [tex]C_3H_8 + 5O_2 -- > 3CO_2 + 4H_2O[/tex]
Balancing chemical equationsPropane gas burns in oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and water according to the following equation:
[tex]C_3H_8 + O_2 -- > CO_2 + H_2O[/tex]
The equation above is not balanced because it does not conform to the law of conservation of atoms. According to this law, an equal number of atoms of different elements must be in the reactants and the products, irrespective of their forms.
Thus, the balanced version of the equation would be the following:
[tex]C_3H_8 + 5O_2 -- > 3CO_2 + 4H_2O[/tex]
Thus, the slots can be filled accordingly to reflect the balanced equation of the reaction.
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the gas mixture inside one of the cylinders of an automo- bile engine expands against a constant external pressure of 0.98 atm, from an initial volume of 150 ml (at the end of the compression stroke) to a final volume of 800 ml. cal- culate the work done on the gas mixture during this pro- cess, and express it in joule
The work done on the gas mixture during this process is the work done is [tex]$-5.3 \mathrm{~J}$[/tex]
Work done by a gas against a constant external pressure is given by the expression,
[tex]$$\mathrm{W}=-\mathrm{P}_{\text {ext }} \Delta \mathrm{V}$$[/tex]
Substitute the values to find the work done during this process.
[tex]$$\begin{aligned}\mathrm{W} & =-0.98 \mathrm{~atm}(800 \mathrm{~mL}-150 \mathrm{~mL}) \\& =-0.637 \mathrm{~atm} . \mathrm{L} \\& =-0.637 \times 8.3145 \mathrm{~J} \\& =-5.3 \mathrm{~J}\end{aligned}$$[/tex]
The formula for work completed according to science is W = F * d. In this instance, the force acting on the block is constant, but its impact on the block's displacement and force direction are different. Here, the force F responds to the displacement d at an angle of.
Therefore, the work done is [tex]$-5.3 \mathrm{~J}$[/tex].
Complete question: The gas mixture inside one of the cylinders of an automobile engine expands against a constant external pressure of 0.98 atm, from an initial volume of 150 mL (at the end of the compression stroke) to a final volume of 800 mL. Calculate the work done on the gas mixture during this process, and express it in joules.
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Which of the following compounds displays the greatest ionic character in its bonds? A) CO 2 B) H20 C) NH3 D) NO 2 E) HF
It is observed that the electronegativity difference in the bond between the two atoms is highest in the case of H2O. Thereby, it has a greater ionic bond character.
What does the character 0% ionic mean?Pauling proposed quantifying the percentage of ionic character that a chemical link possesses. A complete ionic link would obviously have 100% ionic character, while a covalent bond with an equal share of the charge density has 0% ionic character.
How is ionic character ascertained?We examine the electronegativity of the two atoms participating in a bond in order to determine its ionic character (or polarity). The connection has a stronger ionic character the larger the difference. The placement of polar bonds in the compound's three - dimensional structure allows us to determine the polarity of the entire complex.
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Match each file with the correct description of its energy content and the products it forms when burned in oxygen: -H2 burned to form H20 only -CH4 burns to form CO2 and H20 -The energy from H2 combustion is higher -The energy from CH4 combustion is lower
The chemical process known as combustion reaction occurs when a hydrocarbon combines with an oxygen-containing gas to form carbon dioxide and water molecules.
The term "hydrocarbon" refers to substances that include covalent bonds between hydrogen and carbon atoms. Other substances besides carbon and hydrogen may potentially exist.
Because methane is a hydrocarbon, it can undergo combustion to produce carbon dioxide and water. CH4
Because glucose is a hydrocarbon, it can undergo combustion reactions that result in the production of carbon dioxide and water.
Water is the sole result of combustion that CH2 hydrogen can undergo.
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Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 +H2
identify the limiting reagent when 6.00 g of HCl reacts with 5.00 g of Mg
The number moles of Mg in 5 g is 0.208 and that of HCl in 6 g is 0.16 moles. Thus, HCl is fewer in amount and it is being the limiting reactant.
What is limiting reactant?A limiting reactant in a reaction is the one, which is less than the sufficient amount to react completely. Therefore the reaction will stop as soon as this reactant is consumed. Thus, it is limiting the yield of the product.
In the given balanced reaction between magnesium and HCl, one mole of Mg requires of 2 moles of HCl for complete reaction.
atomic mass of Mg = 24 g/mol
no.of moles in 5 of Mg = 5/24 = 0.20 moles.
Molar mass of HCl = 36.5 g/mol. for 2 moles = 73 g
The no.of moles of HCl in 6 g = 6/36.5 = 0.16.
One mole of Mg needs 2 moles of HCl. Thus, 0.2 moles needs 0.4 moles of HCl. But only 0.16 moles of HCl is taken. Therefore it is lower in amount and acts as the limiting reactant.
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write a balanced chemical equation (smallest integer coefficients possible) for the reaction between an acid and a base that leads to the production of mg(ch3coo)2(aq). be sure to specify states such as (aq) or (s). give the names of the acid, the base, and the salt.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between an acid, acetic acid and base, magnesium hydroxide leads to the production of Mg(CH₃COO)₂(aq) is :
2CH₃COOH(aq) + Mg(OH)₂(s) ----> Mg(CH₃COO)₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
The reaction with the acid and base is below :
CH₃COOH(aq) + Mg(OH)₂(s) ----> Mg(CH₃COO)₂(aq) + H₂O(l)
acetic acid magnesium magnesium water
hydroxide acetate
reactant product
C 2 4
H 6 8
O 4 5
Mg 1 1
the reaction is not balanced the equation multiply by 2 in CH₃COOH and 2 in H₂O , we get
2CH₃COOH(aq) + Mg(OH)₂(s) ----> Mg(CH₃COO)₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
This is the balanced chemical equation .
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Classify the following radicals by sorting them into the appropriate bins. Allylic Primary Secondary Tertiary H3C (CH3)2CHCH2CH2 (CH3)2CHCHCH3 (CH3)2CCH2CH3 (CH3)2C-CHCH2
Answer:
Allylic: H3C (CH3)2C-CHCH2
Primary: (CH3)2CHCH2CH2
Secondary: (CH3)2CHCHCH3
Tertiary: (CH3)2CCH2CH3
In this classification, the radicals are sorted based on the number of carbon atoms that are bonded to the carbon atom containing the radical. Allylic radicals have a double bond between the carbon atom containing the radical and the adjacent carbon atom, while primary, secondary, and tertiary radicals have one, two, and three carbon atoms bonded to the carbon atom containing the radical, respectively.
in the lewis formula for difluorodiazine, n2f2, the total number of lone electron pairs around the two nitrogen atoms is
In the Lewis formula for difluorodiazine, N₂F₂, the total number of lone electron pairs around the two nitrogen atoms is 2.
What is Lewis Formula?Electron dot structures or Lewis dot formula can be drawn if the molecular formula of the compound is known. It describes the nature of bond and position of atoms of the molecule that are connected in the molecule.
Lewis structures (also known as Lewis dot structures or electron dot structures) are diagrams which represent the valence electrons of atoms within a molecule. These Lewis symbols and Lewis structures help visualize the valence electrons of atoms and molecules, whether they exist as lone pairs or within bonds.
For N₂F₂, total number of lone electron pairs around the two nitrogen atoms is 2, because molecular formula of Nitrogen molecule is N₂. The nitrogen atoms are bonded with triple bonds. So, each of them have a lone pair of electron. Hence, total number of lone pair is 2.
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A student performs a redox titration between 15.0 mL of hypochlorous acid, HCl(aq), and chromium(III) nitrate, Cr(NO3)3(aq). The half-reactions are given below.7 H2O(l) + 2 Cr3+(aq) - Cr2072 -(aq) + 14 H+(aq) + 6 e- 2 HClO(aq) + 2 H+(aq) + 2 e--C12(g) + 2 H2O(1) a. Give the overall balanced oxidation-reduction reaction. b. What is the oxidation number of chromium in Cr2072-? c. Give one indication that this is a oxidation-reduction reaction. Explain your reasoning. d. As the reaction proceeds the solution becomes more acidic and the pH of the solution decreases. Explain why. e. The titration uses chromium(III) nitrate yet nitrate does not appear in the half-reaction. Explain the role of nitrate in the reaction. f. The 10.0 mL of hypochlorous acid requires 26.5 mL of 0.120 M chromium(III) nitrate to reach equivalence. i. Determine the initial molarity of hypochlorous acid. ii. Determine the final molarity of Cr2072 - once the reaction has gone to completion. (Assume the volumes are additive.)
From the stoichiometry of the reaction, the final molarity of Cr2O7^2- in the solution is 0.039 M.
1) The balanced reaction equation is;
4Cr^3+(aq) + 14HClO(aq) + 14H^+(aq) -----> 28H^+(aq) + 7Cl2(g) + 2Cr2O7^2-(aq)
2) The oxidation number of chromium in Cr2O7^2- is obtained as follows;
2x + 7(-2) = -2
2x - 14 = -2
2x = -2 + 14
2x = 12
x = 6
3) This is an oxidation - reduction reaction because the oxidation number of Cr increased from + 3 to +6.
4) This is because, the reaction produces hydrogen ions causing the pH to decrease.
5) Nitrate does not appear in the balanced reaction equation hence it is a spectator ion.
6) Number of moles of chromium nitrate = 26.5/1000 L × 0.120 M = 0.00318 moles
Since 4 moles of Cr^3+ reacts with 14 moles of hypochlorous acid
0.00318 moles of Cr^3+ reacts with 0.00318 moles × 14 moles/4 moles =
0.0011 moles
Molarity of hypochlorous acid = 0.0011 moles/0.01 L = 0.11 M
7) If 4 moles of Cr^3+ yields 2 moles of Cr207^2-
0.00318 moles of Cr^3+ yields 0.00318 moles × 2 moles / 4 moles
= 0.00159 moles
Final molarity of Cr207^2- = 0.00159 moles/(15 mL + 26.5 mL) × 10^-3
= 0.039 M.
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for each electrolyte, indicate whether it is more abundant in the intracellular fluid (icf) or the extracellular fluid (ecf).
Intracellular fluid (ICF):Potassium, Magnesium & Phosphate ions
Extracellular fluid (ECF): Sodium. Chloride, Calcium & Bicarbonate ion
What is the difference between ECF and ICF?The cytosol found inside a cell is known as intracellular fluid (ICF). ECF, which surrounds the cells and acts as a circulating reservoir, is present. The ECF is separated into intravascular fluid and interstitial fluid, which bathes the exterior of the cells (i.e., plasma, lymph, and cerebral spinal fluid).The extracellular compartment is made up of the interstitial, intravascular, and transcellular compartments. About one-third of its body's water content is found in its extracellular fluid (ECF).The system that comprises all fluid contained in cells by their plasma membranes is known as the intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment. Every cell in the body is surrounded by extracellular fluid (ECF).Water, dissolved electrolytes, and proteins make up the intracellular fluid, which makes up around 40% of a person's total body weight. Phosphate (PO4 P O 4), magnesium (Mg2+ M g 2 +), and potassium (K+) are a few of the major electrolytes present in intracellular fluid.Learn more about ECF and ICF refer to :
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1. Synthesis reactions are also often referred to as combination reactions. Explain why this
other name makes sense.
Answer:
Synthesis reactions are also called combination reactions because multiple reactants form a single product.
Answer:
Explanation:
synthesis is a word that means , start from the bottom and work up, or put it together from parts.
So that is saying, what is the reaction when elements / molecules are combined
in a constant-volume process, 213 j of energy is transferred by heat to 1.02 mol of an ideal monatomic gas initially at 293 k.
Constant volume process is a thermodynamic process which is also known as isochoric process. an example when heat is added to a gas in a container with fixes walls.
The temperature and pressure of a gas will rise when it is heated using a constant volume process, often known as an isochoric process. The gas doesn't perform any external labor because its volume doesn't change. The body of the gas stores all the heat that was delivered as internal energy. It should be emphasized that Gay-Lussac statute controls this procedure. Therefore, there is no work done in a constant volume process. The heating or cooling of the contents of a closed, inelastic container is an example of an isochoric process: The thermodynamic process is the addition or removal of heat; the closed system is established by the isolation of the container's contents; and the constant-volume requirement is imposed by the container's impossibility of deforming. Here, the isochoric process ought to be nearly static.
In a constant-volume process, 209 J of energy is transferred by heat to 1.00 mol of an ideal monatomic gas initially at 300 K. Find (a) the work done on the gas,(b) the increase in internal energy of the gas, and(c) its final temperature.
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