Answer:
A-Oil pressure relief valve.
What is the index of retraction?
Light bends when it travels from a certain density of matter into a different density of matter. The density of the stuff affects how much it bends. Light bends when it transitions from air to water or from water to air. Light bends when it travels from water to glass or from glass to air. How much light is bent by a particular substance may be determined by its index of refraction. However, Snell's Law and the angle of incidence must be coupled. The angle of refraction increases with increasing angle of incidence. As a result, the water's unique index of refraction bends light entering the medium at an angle of 30°. and that is 1.33. This means that light in a vacuum travels at 1.33 times faster than light in water. We wouldn't have lenses in the way we do now without refractive index. We would need eyes with pinhole-sized openings in order to see, which would prevent us from seeing clearly or at least in great detail. We wouldn't have had microscopes to view anything in great detail, telescopes to view the moon, planets, or distant things. I could go on, but I think you get the idea: if we didn't have the material characteristic known as refraction, things would be quite different. Well, I guess it's possible that human eyes have evolved to have diffractive lenses, but that's another theory.
________________________
The ability of a substance, whether it is solid, liquid, or gas, to reflect light causes it to move more slowly than it would in a vacuum.
Any substance's refractive index (n) is found by dividing the speed of light in that substance by the speed of light in a vacuum (c) (v).
So
n = c/v
Since a material's refractive index varies depending on the wavelength of light, n = f(wavelength) (n is a function of wavelength). In comparison to longer wavelengths, the index is larger for shorter wavelengths. It's known as dispersion.
When creating lenses or other refractive optical systems, the refractive index and dispersion are both crucial factors. The diverse wavelengths don't come to a common focus, which has a disastrous effect on image quality because index is directly related to how light bends while passing through a lens. We refer to this as chromatic aberration. It's difficult to regulate, but you can achieve it by carefully selecting various glass chemistries and massaging them into position. The glass map showing index as a function of inverse dispersion is seen in the image below. About 20 to 100 is the range of the Abby number, a measure of dispersion; lower numbers indicate more dispersion (larger index difference between red and blue light). Every dot stands for a distinct glass.
Refractive indices range from 1.0003 for air, to over 4.5 for Geranium.
My Activities Tell me what you want to do Q
Which of the following scenarios does the free body diagram below
illustrate?
Tension Tension
Weight
OA sign board supported by two strings.
O A rubber band stretched by a person.
O A door pulled by two applied forces.
O A book falling off a table.
A sign board supported by two strings does illustrate the tension-tension and weight in the free body diagram.
In a sign board supported by two strings, there will be tension in each strings and a force of weight downward due to the mass of the body. The tension of both strings will be in equilibrium to weight of the object.
There will be elastic force or spring force also we can say if a rubber band is being stretched by a person.
A torque will be applied on the door when pulled by two applied forces but there will be no tension.
If a book fall from a table then the book will go under free fall motion, hence there is no possibility of tension tension on the book.
Hence we can conclude that tension tension and weight force will only be there, where we will be having an object supported by strings, also go through the diagram attached for better understanding.
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A person on a ferry boat walks from one side of the ferry to the other. Their velocity is 1.5m/s[W] relative to the ferry. The ferry is travelling at 5.0m/s [S] relative to the shore. Determine the persons velocity to the shore.
The person's velocity relative to the shore is determined as 6.5 m/s.
Velocity of the person
The velocity of the person is calculated as follows;
V(p/f) = V(p) - V(f)
where;
V(p/f) is the velocity of the person relative to the ferryV(p) is the velocity of the personV(f) is velocity of the ferry1.5 = V(p) - 5
V(p) = 6.5 m/s
Thus, the person's velocity relative to the shore is determined as 6.5 m/s.
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At which point is the velocity the greatest? at which points is the velocity 0 m/s? at which point is the acceleration 0 m/s2? at which points is the acceleration the greatest?
As per the image: The velocity is maximum at B. The velocity is O at C and A. The acceleration will be O at B
The acceleration is maximum at C and A.
How can it be said?
Two sketches are shown in the attached image. The first one is based on the principle of energy conservation, and it is simple to understand when the velocity is at its highest and when it will be zero.
The pendulum is at its highest height in points A and C relative to the reference point, giving us the most potential energy. Additionally, all of the potential energy had been converted into kinetic energy by the time the pendulum reached point B, therefore this is where its maximum velocity would be.
The second sketch, which displays a free body diagram of the pendulum when it is producing a theta angle with respect to the vertical plane, is shown for the acceleration analysis. Applying Newton's second law and taking into account the forces acting on the pendulum, we arrive at the equation shown in the picture.
With the knowledge that the equation will be zero (0) when the angle theta is 0, we can see that the acceleration, which has the same direction as the velocity, relies on the sin(theta). It implies that at point B, the acceleration will be 0. and at points Cand A, maximum.
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If you take a given pendulum to the Moon, where the acceleration of gravity is less than on Earth, the resonant frequency of the pendulum will Group of answer choices
The resonant frequency will decrease.
The natural frequency of an object, where it typically vibrates with a greater amplitude, is another way to describe the resonant frequency.
The formula for time period of pendulum(T) is
T= 2π[tex]\sqrt{} \frac{l}{g}[/tex] where,
l= length of pendulum
g = acceleration due to gravity
So, T is inversely proportional to the square root of g(√g)
It means as the value of g decreases, time period of pendulum increases and vice versa.
As it is given, value of g is less on moon than on earth and it is approx. 6 times less than that of earth.
That's why time period of oscillation of pendulum increases.
Now, as we know that time period is inversely proportional to the frequency.
So as the time period of pendulum on the moon increases, its resonant frequency decreases.
Hence, If we take a given pendulum to the Moon, where the acceleration of gravity is less than on Earth, the resonant frequency of the pendulum will decrease.
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Suppose a bird flew east for 7.95 s and then abruptly turned and flew 161 m south, so that the magnitude of the bird's resultant displacement is 226 m. Calculate the magnitude of the bird's eastward component and its flying speed.
The magnitude of the bird's eastward component is 158.6 m and its flying speed is 19.95 m/s.
Eastward component of the bird
The eastward component of the bird is calculated as follows;
226² = E² + 161²
E² = 226² - 161²
E² = 25,155
E = √25,155
E = 158.6 m
Speed of the birdV = 158.6 m / 7.95 s
V = 19.95 m/s
Thus, the magnitude of the bird's eastward component is 158.6 m and its flying speed is 19.95 m/s.
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A 0.50 kg grenade explodes horizontally into three pieces. The first piece has a velocity of 10 m/s [N] and a mass of 0.10 kg. The second piece has a velocity of 5.0 m/s [S 10⁰ E ] and a mass of 0.20 kg. Find the velocity of the third piece.
The velocity of the third piece is mathematically given as
v=0.88m/s
What is the velocity of the third piece.?Generally, the equation for conservation is mathematically given as
[tex]m u=m_{1} v_{1 \mathrm{x}}+m_{2} v_{2 \mathrm{x}}+m_{1} v_{x}[/tex]
Here, is the mass of the grenade, [tex]m_{1}, m_{2}, m_{3}[/tex] the masses of the pieces after an explosion, and [tex]v_{1 \mathrm{x}}, v_{2 \mathrm{x}}[/tex] are velocities of the first and second pieces after the explosion.
[tex]m u_{1} &=m_{1} v_{1 x}+m_{2} v_{2 \mathrm{x}}+m_{3} v_{x} \\0 &=0+(0.2 \mathrm{~kg})((5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})\\v_{x} &=\frac{-0.173 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}}{0.3 \mathrm{~kg}} \\&=-0.578 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}[/tex]
the equation for conservation
[tex]m u=m_{1} v_{1 y}+m_{2} v_{2 y}+m_{3} v_{y}[/tex]
[tex]m u_{1} &=m_{1} v_{1 \mathrm{y}}+m_{2} v_{x y}+m_{3} v_{y} \\0 &=(0.10 \mathrm{~kg})(10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})+(0.2 \mathrm{~kg})\left((5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}) \cos 10^{\circ}\right)+(0.3 \mathrm{~kg}) v_{y} \\v_{y} &=\frac{-1.98 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}}{0.3 \mathrm{~kg}} \\&=-0.661 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}[/tex]
In conclusion, the magnitude of the velocity
[tex]v=\sqrt{v_{\mathrm{x}}^{2}+v_{\mathrm{y}}^{2}}[/tex]
[tex]Substitute $-0.578 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ for $v_{\mathrm{s}}$ and $-0.661 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ for $v_{\mathrm{y}}$[/tex]
[tex]v &=\sqrt{v_{x}^{2}+v_{y}^{2}} \\&=\sqrt{(-0.578 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}+(-0.661 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}} \\&=0.88 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}[/tex]
v=0.88m/s
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An ideal spring is fixed at one end. A variable force F pulls on the spring. When the magnitude of F reaches a value of 49.1 N, the spring is stretched by 15.2 cm from its equilibrium length. Calculate the additional work required by F to stretch the spring by an additional 13.7 cm from that position.
When the spring is stretched by 15.2 cm = 0.152 m, the spring exerts a restorative force with magnitude (due to Hooke's law)
[tex]F = kx[/tex]
where [tex]k[/tex] is the spring constant. Solve for [tex]k[/tex].
[tex]49.1\,\mathrm N = k (0.152\,\mathrm m) \implies k \approx 323 \dfrac{\rm N}{\rm m}[/tex]
The amount of work required to stretch or compress a spring by [tex]x\,\mathrm m[/tex] from equilibrium length is
[tex]W = \dfrac12 kx^2[/tex]
Then the work needed to stretch the spring by 15.2 cm is
[tex]W_1 = \dfrac12 \left(343\dfrac{\rm N}{\rm m}\right) (0.152\,\mathrm m)^2 \approx 3.73\,\mathrm J[/tex]
and by 15.2 + 13.7 = 28.9 cm is
[tex]W_2 = \dfrac12 \left(343\dfrac{\rm N}{\rm m}\right) (0.289\,\mathrm m)^2 \approx 13.5\,\mathrm J[/tex]
so the work needed to stretch from 15.2 cm to 28.9 cm from equilibrium is
[tex]\Delta W = W_2 - W_1 \approx \boxed{9.76\,\mathrm J}[/tex]
How is pressure measured? question 1 options: pressure is measured as force per inch. pressure is measured as force per gram. pressure is measured as force per unit area. pressure is measured as force divided by mass.
Pressure is measured as force per unit area, which is the third option.
What is pressure?Pressure is amount of force that is applied over a given area divided by the size of this area.
Pressure is calculated by multiplying the force applied on the object by the area covered.
Since force is measured in Newtons (N) and area is measured in m², the unit of pressure is Nm².
Therefore, pressure is measured as force per unit area.
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If a force of F is applied to a mass m, the acceleration is a. If a force of F is applied to something that has a mass of 2m, the acceleration will be
Use formula (F) = mass × acceleration.
In this case: acceleration = [tex]\frac{F}{2m}[/tex]
Consider being at the top of cliff and throwing a book off the ledge. The book leaves at an angle of 52 degrees and a velocity of 16.0 m/s. If it moves through the air for 13.4 seconds, how far does it fall
The vertical distance through which the book falls is determined as 1,048.8 m.
Height of the book fallThe vertical distance through which the book falls is calculated as follows;
h = vt + ¹/₂gt²
where;
h is height of fallv is initial vertical velocityg is acceleration due to gravityh = (16 x sin52)(13.4) + (0.5)(9.8)(13.4²)
h = 1,048.8 m
Thus, the vertical distance through which the book falls is determined as 1,048.8 m.
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For a telescope of a particular size, the angular resolution is poorer at shorter wavelengths of light. True False
Statement is False.
Angular Resolution is the smallest angle formed between any two close
objects that can be seen clearly when they are separated.
The formula for Angular Resolution is:
Angular Resolution = 1.22λ /a
where, λ = wavelength
a = telescope diameter
So here we can see that angular resolution is directly proportional
to the wavelength which means shorter wavelength will have poor
resolution and larger wavelength will have large resolution.
Therefore, the given statement is false.
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Using the graph, describe what is happening between 4 and 6 seconds. The object is moving away from the origin at a constant velocity. The object is not moving. The object is moving toward the origin at a constant velocity. The object is changing velocity.
The position in the graph between 4 - 6 seconds is the region of constant velocity.
What is constant velocity?The term constant velocity refers to the period in the graph when the velocity is not changing with time. As such, the graph is shown to be a flat portion at such a point.
Hence, it follows that the position in the graph between 4 - 6 seconds is the region of constant velocity.
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The info below shows three kettles with their powers and the time they take to boil 500cm3 of water. If electricity costs 9p per unit, how much does it cost to boil 500cm3 of water using the 3kW kettle?
Kettle 1= 3mins =3kW
Kettle 2= 3.5mins= 2.2kW
Kettle 3=4.5mins=1.4kW
Any help would be appreciated!
The cost of boiling 500cm3 of water using the 3kW kettle is 1.35 P.
Cost of electricity for 3 kW kettle
The cost is calculated as follows;
1 unit = 9p /kWh
Total energy consumed by 3 kW kettle, E = P x t
where;
P is power (kW)t is time in (hr)E = 3 kW x (3 mins/60 mins/hr)
E = 0.15 kWh
Energy cost = 9 p/kWh x 0.15 kWh = 1.35 P
Thus, the cost of boiling 500cm3 of water using the 3kW kettle is 1.35 P.
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A potato is baked in an oven. Considering that any moisture loss from the potato is disregarded and the oven is well insulated, if 2 kJ of heat is transferred to the potato, what is the energy change of the potato
The energy change of the potato is 2 kJ.
Energy can trade from one shape to some other. As an example, when you turn on a lightbulb, electrical power adjustments to thermal electricity and light power. An automobile adjustments energy stored in the chemical bonds of gasoline to numerous specific paperwork.
The general electricity trade of the response this is the distinction among the reactant's power and the product's strength. If the reactants have extra energy than the goods, energy has been released. If the reactants have much less strength than the products, strength has been absorbed by way of the debris.
The electricity exchange that happens because the end result of a reaction relies upon on the difference among the power of the reactants and the energy of the products. For reactions like combustion, the gas (as an instance wooden) has strength saved inside the chemical bonds among the atoms that make it up.
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Sunlight reflects from a concave piece of broken glass, converging to a point 18 cm from the glass. What is the radius of curvature of the glass
Radius of curvature of the concave mirror is 36 cm.
To find the answer, we need to know about the relation between focal length and radius of curvature.
What's the relation between the radius of curvature and focal length?Mathematically, focal length= radius of curvature/2Radius of curvature= 2× focal lengthWhat's the focal length of the concave mirror when sunlight converges to 18cm?When light from a far distance incident on a concave mirror, it converges to the focus point.As the sun light comes from very far distance, so it is converging to the focus point. So focal length= 18 cm.What's the radius of curvature of the concave mirror?Here, radius of curvature= 2×18 cm = 36cm
Thus, we can conclude that the radius of curvature of the concave mirror is 36cm.
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1. Sang Hee rubs a balloon on her hair until, when she holds the balloon several inches from
her head, her hair sticks straight out and touches the balloon. Then she holds the balloon
several inches from Kim's hair. Some of Kim's hair rises and sticks out toward the balloon,
even though the balloon hasn't touched her hair. Explain what made Kim's hair do this. Go
into detail about charges and how they are likely arranged. State the process that charged
the balloon and the hair of each girl.
The reason why Kim's hair rises and sticks out is due to electrostatic attraction.
What is charging by friction?We know that one of the ways in which a body is able to acquire static charges is by friction. When a body is rubbed against another, there could be loss or gain of charges leaving a net charge on each body.
The process that occurs when some of Kim's hair rises and sticks out toward the balloon, even though the balloon hasn't touched her hair is electrostatic attraction.
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The refractive index of a new type of glass is 1.47. Calculate the speed of light when it passes through the new type of glass.
The speed of light when it passes through the new type of glass is 2.04×10^8 m/s.
What is refractive index:
Refractive Index is a value calculated from the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to that in a second medium of greater density.
The refractive index variable is denoted by the letter ' n '.
Here,
The refractive index of a new type of glass is 1.47
n = 1.47
The speed of light in air is c = 3×10^8 m/s
The formula for refractive index:
n = c / vwhere v is the speed of light in new type of glass.
Substituting the values into the equation,
1.47 = 3×10^8 / v
v = 3×10^8 / 1.47
v = 2.04 ×10^8 m/s
Hence,
the speed of light when it passes through the new type of glass is 2.04×10^8 m/s
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A wire carrying a current of 26.9 A is bent into a circular arc with a radius of 0.6 cm that sweeps out 0.900 radians. What is the magnetic field at the center of the arc
The magnetic field at the center of the arc is 4 × 10^(-4) T.
To find the answer, we need to know about the magnetic field due to a circular arc.
What's the mathematical expression of magnetic field at the center of a circular arc?According to Biot savert's law, magnetic field at the center of a circular arc is B=(μ₀ I/4π)× (arc/radius²) As arc is given as angle × radius, soB=( μ₀I/4π)×(angle/radius)
What will be the magnetic field at the center of a circular arc, if the arc has current 26.9 A, radius 0.6 cm and angle 0.9 radian?B=(μ₀ I/4π)× (0.9/0.006)
= (10^(-7)× 26.9)× (0.9/0.006)
= 4 × 10^(-4) T
Thus, we can conclude that the magnitude of magnetic field at the center of the circular arc is 4 × 10^(-4) T.
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What braking technique slows the vehicle as quickly as possible without locking brakes or losing traction
Answer: Cadence braking or Stutter braking is the braking technique slows the vehicle as quickly as possible without locking brakes or losing traction.
Explanation: To find the answer, we need to know more about the Cadence breaking.
What is cadence braking?It's a braking technique, that includes, pumping the brake pedal and which used to allow a vehicle to steer as well as brake on a slippery surface.It is used in the case of an emergency or sudden braking is needed.In this technique, traction is limited to reduce the effect of skidding from road wheels locking up under braking.Thus, from the above given data, we can conclude that, Cadence braking or Stutter braking is the braking technique slows the vehicle as quickly as possible without locking brakes or losing traction.
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A spring with a spring constant of 59.5 N/m is attached to different masses, and the system is set in motion. What is its period for a mass of 2.3 kg
Time period for the mass 2.3 kg is 1.23s.
To find the answer, we need to know about the time period of a spring mass system.
What's the expression of time period of a spring mass system?Mathematically, time period= 2π/ angular frequencyAs angular frequency= √(k/m),time period= 2π×√(m/k)
k= spring constant and m= massWhat's the time period, if the spring constant and mass are 59.5N/m and 2.3 Kg respectively?Time period= 2π×√(2.3/59.5)
= 1.23 s
Thus, we can conclude that the time period of the spring mass system is 1.23 s.
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What explains the dramatically different magnitudes of accelerations that result when a mosquito collides head on with a moving truck
Answer:
Mass of the vehicle and small bug.
Explanation:
By Newton's third law, force on bug and vehicle will be same when they collide with each other irrespective of their masses.But according to Newton's second law, force is mass times acceleration. Since the force on each mass is same, the smaller mass will accelerate more and the heavier mass will accelerate less for the same force.Therefore the acceleration of bug will be very greater than vehicle as the mass of the bug is very small as compared to vehicle.Learn more about Newton's law.
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The Toro Co. makes Toro snowblowers, Toro lawn mowers, Toro yard tools, and Toro sprinkler systems. The Toro Co. uses a ________ strategy.
The strategy:
The Toro Co. uses a family branding strategy.
What is family branding?
Family branding is a marketing tactic that emphasizes promoting the parent brand name while simultaneously advertising a family of goods and services. It is also sometimes referred to as "umbrella branding," which implies that all branding initiatives are carried out under the parent brand name.
In this case, the parent brand is Toro. The "Toro Motor Company" was founded in 1914 with the goal of producing tractor engines for The Bull Tractor Company. By acquiring Whirlwind Corp., Toro joined the push mower industry in 1948.
All the stated types of machinery are provided under the name of Toro, suggesting that the parent brand name is used to promote sales.
Thus, it is a case of family branding.
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In separate experiments, a large number of particles (all with the same charge but with a wide variety of masses, speeds, and spin angular momentum) are fired into a region containing a uniform magnetic field. The velocities of the particles are all perpendicular to the field. What do the particles that move in orbits of the same radius have in common
The particles that move in orbits of the same radius have the same momentum.
Orbital angular momentum:
A point particle's three-dimensional angular momentum is traditionally represented by the pseudovector r p, which is the cross product of the particle's position vector r (relative to some origin) and momentum vector, which in Newtonian physics is denoted by p = mv.
L = mr[tex]V_{prep}[/tex] = mr²w is the particle's orbital angular momentum in units of magnitude. The part of the particle's velocity that is here perpendicular to the axis of rotation is designated as [tex]V_{perp.}[/tex] The right-hand rule indicates the direction of the angular momentum. In isolated systems, the angular momentum is conserved.
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A block of aluminium has a volume of 5.0 cm³ and a mass of 13.5 g. Calculate the density of the aluminium. Give your answer in g/cm³.
Explanation:
Soln:-
Given:-
Volume(v)=5.0cm^3
mass(m)=13.5 gm
density (d)=?
We know that,
d=m÷v
=(13.5÷5)g/cm^3
=2.7g/cm^3
Hence, the required density of aluminum is 2.7g/cm^3.
Which ion is formed when an atom of fluorine (F) gains one electron?
Answer:
fluoride ion
Explanation:
electric charge of negative 1
A ball at the top of a hill is an example of ______ and a ball rolling down the hill is an example of ______.
Potential energy , Kinetic energy
What is kinetic energy and potential energy?Kinetic energy is a form of energy that posses by an object due to its motion. If work, which transfers energy, is done on an object by applying a net force, the object speeds up and thereby gains kinetic energy.
Potential energy is the energy held by an object due to its position relative to other objects, stresses within itself, its electric charge, or other factors.
According to given condition,
At first,
When a ball is at the top of a hill , it posses a potential energy because the ball is at some height from the surface where the energy held by ball is due to its position.
That is why, a ball at the top of a hill is an example of Potential energy.
Secondly,
When a ball is rolling down the hill , it posses kinetic energy because the ball have some energy that posses by an object due to its motion.
That is why, a ball rolling down the hill is an example of Kinetic energy.
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Carefully place a prepared slide of diatoms on the stage, and focus using low power. What kind of specimen are you looking at
Under the low-power microscope, the kind of specimen Diatoms is Holotype.
What is Holotype Specimen?A solitary actual example of an organism known to have been utilized during the conventional portrayal of the species is known as a holotype.It is either the sole occurrence of this sort of actual model, however, it is explicitly recognized as the holotype.What are Diatoms?Diatom slides are often created by letting the suspension of diatoms settle out overnight on a coverslip, as explained below. It can take up to two days for this to disseminate the diatoms evenly on the coverslip, though.The frustule, a silica (hydrated silicon dioxide) cell wall, that surrounds diatoms is a distinctive aspect of their anatomy.To learn more about Diatoms refer to:
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What is the speed of a wave that has a frequency of 173 hz and a wavelength of 2. 59 meters? express your answer to the nearest whole number.
Answer:
448m/s
Explanation:
velocity =frequency × wavelength
v= 173×2.59
v=448.07
v=448m/s
What is the average force needed to change the velocity of 20,000 kg
bus from rest to 15 m/s in 10 seconds?
O 5,000 N
O 10,000 N
O 20,000 N
O 30,000 N
Answer:
d)30,000 N
Explanation:
Solution:
mass(m)=1000kg
initial velocity (u)=0m/s
final velocity (v)=15m/s
So,
acceleration (a)=(v-u)/t
=(15-0)/10
=1.5m/s^2
Atlast,
Force(F)=m×a
=20000×1.5
=30,000 N