Answer:
An atom is the smallest amount of matter that undergoes chemical changes. The accepted theory today is that the atom is composed of a positively charged nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, collectively known as a nucleon, around which is a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
Different experiences have allowed us to measure the size of atoms. Considered as a sphere, the atom has a radius of about 10-10 m and the nucleus has a radius of about 10-14 m. From this it can be deduced that the nucleus is about 10,000 times smaller than the atom.
They are organized and classified based on their atomic numbers, chemical properties, and electronic charge on the periodic table. Atoms are made up of smaller parts called subatomic particles, which include protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Explanation:
:)
Answer:
Atoms are very small and are not able to see.However, you would need a microscope to see it.For example, a full stop contains more than thousands of atoms this explains that atoms are very tiny particles.What are 5 examples of force?
Answer:
Gravitational force.
Electric force.
Magnetic force.
Nuclear force.
Frictional force.
What is called wavelength Mcq?
The wavelength of a wave is the distance or length between its two subsequent crests or troughs.
What do you mean by wavelength?A wave's wavelength gives information about its length. The wavelength is the distance between the "crest" (top) of one wave and the crest of the following wave. The wavelength can also be determined by measuring from one wave's "trough" (bottom) to the following wave's "trough," with the same results.
Why is it known as a wavelength?Radio waves, light waves, and infrared (heat) waves are examples of electromagnetic radiation that flow through space in distinct patterns. Every wave is a specific size and shape. The distance between peaks is referred to as the "wavelength" (high points).
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What do you mean by the terms wavelength frequency and amplitude of a wave motion?
The terms "amplitude" and "wavelength" refer to a maximum deflection from the mean location and the total distance traveled by a vibrating particle, respectively.The frequency refers to the number of full vibrations per second, similarly.
By the term "wavelength frequency," what do you mean?The wavelength of a wave is the distance that separates two adjacent crests or troughs.
What are wave wavelength and amplitude?Measured from the wave's highest point (peak and crest) to its lowest point, the amplitude of the wave indicates its height (trough).Wavelength is the distance a wave travels between peaks.
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What do we need to do to be carbon neutral?
To be carbon neutral we need to offset your remaining emissions, which can be done by making financial contributions to initiatives that reduce atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases.
What does it mean to be carbon neutral?Achieving a balance between releasing carbon into the atmosphere and storing it in carbon sinks is necessary to achieve carbon neutrality. The process of extracting carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and later storing it is known as carbon sequestration.Which examples are carbon neutral?When the term "carbon-neutral" refers to balancing out the overall quantity of carbon emissions, "net-zero carbon" means no carbon was emitted from the start; as a result, no carbon needs to be caught or offset. For instance, a company may claim their energy is "zero carbon" if all of the energy used to power its facility comes from solar energy, with no fossil fuels used at all.To know more about carbon-neutral visit:-
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gear b supplies 15 kw of power, while gears a, c and d withdraw 6 kw, 4 kw and 5 kw, respectively.
The figure shows the gears A, B, C, D. The minimum required diameter of the shaft is d = 25 mm.
The angular velocity of the shaft,
ω = 600 rev/min × 1/60 min/s × 2π rad/rev = 20 π rad/s
The torque exerted on the gears A, C, D are
T a = P a/ω = 6(10³)/20π = 95.49 N m
T c = P c/ω = 4(10³)/20π = 63.66 N m
T d = P d/ω = 5(10³)/20π = 79.58 N m
Segment BC of the shaft is critical as it is subjected to a greater internal torque.
τ a = T bc C/J
75 × 10⁶ = 143.23(d/2) /[ π/2 × (d/2)⁴]
d = 0.02135 m = 21.35 mm
According to observation, gear D's relative twist angle to gear B is the largest.
The requirement Ф b/d = Σ ([Ti Li)/(Ji Gi)] = 0.05
T bc L bc/ (J Gst) + T cd L cd/ (J Gst) = 0.05
0.6/ [ π/2 × (d/2)⁴ 75 × 10⁹] × (143.24 + 79.58) = 0.05
d = 0.02455 m = 24.55 mm ≈ 25 mm
Thus, the minimum required diameter of the shaft is d = 25 mm.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is 'If the shaft is made of steel with the allowable shear stress of τ a = 75 M Pa, and the relative angle of twist between any two gears cannot exceed 0.05 rad, determine the required minimum diameter d of the shaft to the nearest milli meter. The shaft is rotating at 600 rpm.'
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How is sonar used to study the ocean floor?
The sonar systems calculate the time each pulse takes to reach the seafloor and return, then translates those times into water depths, allowing us to uncover the bathymetry below us.
How can sonar be used to map the ocean floor?Multibeam sonar signals are sent out from the ship. With about 1500 sonar soundings sent out per second, multibeam “paints” the seafloor in a fanlike pattern. This creates a detailed “sound map” that shows ocean depth, bottom type, and topographic features.
Why is it that we use sonar to study the ocean floor?Sonar, short for Sound Navigation and Ranging, is helpful for exploring and mapping the ocean because sound waves travel farther in the water than do radar and light waves.
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Question 20These are the predecessor building blocks for neurotransmitters.1.affinity2.synaptic vesicles3.none of these are correct4.enzyme5.precursor
Precursors are the building blocks or the starting materials that the body uses to synthesize neurotransmitters. The correct answer is 5. precursor.
What is Neurotransmitters?Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals between nerve cells in the brain and the rest of the body.
Here,
Precursors are the building blocks or the starting materials that the body uses to synthesize neurotransmitters. The process of neurotransmitter synthesis involves a series of enzymatic reactions, where precursors are transformed into neurotransmitters and stored in synaptic vesicles.
When a nerve impulse reaches the end of a neuron, the synaptic vesicles release the neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, where they bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron and transmit the signal. The neurotransmitter molecules are then either reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron or broken down by enzymes, such as those involved in neurotransmitter degradation.
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(13%) Problem 7: Consider the Lyman series for atomic transitions in hydrogen: 50% Part Calculate the wavelength the first line in the Lyman series, in nanometers 50% Part (b) What type of electromagnetic radiation is it?
The wave length of first line of Lyman series is 121.5 nm in Ultraviolet radiation.
The wave length of first line of Lyman series is
1/λ = R (1/1² - 1/2²) = 1.097 × [tex]10^{7}[/tex](1 - 1/4)
λ = 121.5 nm
b) Ultraviolet.
Sunlight and man-made sources, such tanning beds, both release non-ionizing radiation known as ultraviolet radiation. It can be risky to one's health even if it offers some advantages to humans, such as the production of vitamin D. UV radiation from the sun is defended against by broad-spectrum sunscreen. Most UVA radiation reaches the surface of the Earth; the atmosphere does nothing to block these rays. In addition to causing eye damage and skin aging, UVA radiation can weaken your body's immune system. To destroy bacteria, produce luminous effects, cure inks and resins, cure suntan lotion, cure inks and resins, and cure inks and resins, UV radiation is widely utilized in industrial processes as well as in medical and dental services. Various UV applications call for varied UV wavelengths and intensities
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a 20 kilogram ball rolls down a ramp and accelerates at a rate of 12 m/s per second. what is the net force acting on the ball?
The net force acting on the ball is 240 Newtons.
We know that force applied at a particular instant is equal to the mass of the particle (or object ) times the acceleration of the particle at that particular instant.
Also, force is defined as the rate of change of momentum of a particle at that instant.
But in this problem we have to use force on the particle at the instant is equal to the mass of the particle times the acceleration of the particle at that instant.
So, we have been given the mass of the particle as 20 kg and the acceleration of the particle as 12 m/s² .
So-net force on particle = 20*12 =240 Newtons.
Hence, the net force on the ball is equal to 240 Newtons.
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Calculate the density of each ball. Use the formula d = m/v where d is the density, m is the mass, and v is the volume. Record your calculations in table a of your student guide. What is the density of the table tennis ball? record your answer to the nearest hundredth. G/cm3 what is the density of the golf ball? record your answer to the nearest hundredth. G/cm3.
The density of the tennis ball = 0.38 g/cm³
The density of the golf ball = 1.13 g/cm³
The mass of the tennis ball = 56 g
The volume of the tennis ball = 149 cm³
The density of the tennis ball can be found using the formula,
d = m/v
where d is the density
m is the mass
v is the volume
Let us substitute the known values in the above equation, we get
d = 56 / 149
= 0.38 g/cm³
The mass of the golf ball = 45.9 g
The volume of the golf ball = 40.68 cm³
The density of the golf ball is
d = m/v
Let us substitute the known values in the above equation, we get
d = 45.9 / 40.68
= 1.13 g/cm³
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Answer: tennis ball 0.07 golf ball 1.15
Explanation:
consider coaxial, parallel, black disks separated a distance of 0.20 m. the lower disk of diameter 0.40 m is maintained at 500 k and the surroundings are at 310 k. 0.40 m 0.20 m 0.20 m heater 500 k what temperature will the upper disk of diameter 0.20 m achieve if electrical power of 15 w is supplied to the heater on the back side of the disk?
The temperature of the upper disk T1;
Let's now think about the net rate of radiation from the upper disk. If we take a look at the given figure we will notice that the heat is transferred by radiation from surface A1 to both lower disk of surface A2and the surroundings. So, we will write the net rate of heat transfer from A1as:
Q˙1=Q˙12+Q˙1,surr
where: σ=5.67⋅10−8 W m2K2σ=5.67⋅10−8 m2K2 W.
According to eq. (2), the unknown values that have to be determined in order to calculate T2 are:
Surface area A1A1;
The view factors F12F12 and F1,surrF1,surr.
The surface area A1A1 is the surface of the disk, calculated using the well-known equation:
A1=D12π4=0.22π4=0.0314 m2
This was easy. Let's move on to a little bit more difficult part, which is determining the view factors.
We will now calculate the view factor F12F12. Since surfaces A1A1 and A2A2 are coaxial parallel disks, the view factor will be determined using the following expression:
Remember that distance between the disks is given to be:
L=0.2 m
L=0.2 m
Therefore, we will calculate SS as:
S=1+1+(0.20.2)2(0.10.2)2=1+1+0.520.52=9
Now, let's substitute values to eq. (3) and determine the view factor from the upper to the lower disk:
F12=21⎝
⎛9−[92−4(0.10.2)2]1/2⎠
⎞=0.47
Next, by applying the summation rule for surfaceA1A1, F1, surrF1, surr will be determined:
F11+F12+F1, surr=1F1, surr=1−F11−F12=1−0−0.47=0.53
Note: The disk is a plate surface that can not see itself. Therefore, the view factor from the plate surface to itself is equal to zero: F11=0F11=0.
Now, that we have all the values we need, by substituting them into eq. (2), it follows:
17.5=1⋅5.67⋅10−8⋅0.0314⋅[0.47⋅(T14−5004)+0.53⋅(T14−3004)]17.5=0.178⋅10−8⋅[0.47⋅(T14−5004)+0.53⋅(T14−3004)]
17.517.5=1⋅5.67⋅10−8⋅0.0314⋅[0.47⋅(T14−5004)+0.53⋅(T14−3004)]=0.178⋅10−8⋅[0.47⋅(T14−5004)+0.53⋅(T14−3004)]
Finally, if we rearrange the previous equation, we will calculate the temperature of the upper disk:
0.08366⋅10−8⋅T14+0.09434⋅10−8⋅T14=17.5+49.94+7.640.178⋅10−8⋅T14=75.08T14=75.080.178⋅10−8T1=421.8⋅1084=453.2 K
0.08366⋅10−8⋅T14+0.09434⋅10−8⋅T140.178⋅10−8⋅T14T14T1=17.5+49.94+7.64=75.08=0.178⋅10−875.08=4421.8⋅108
=453.2 K
Therefore, the required value of T1 is obtained and our problem is solved.
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What formula is this Πr²h or V π )( R² H?
The formula V = π r² h or V = π R² H is used to measure the volume of a cylinder.
The volume of a cylinder is the density of the cylinder which indicates the amount of material that can be held in it or how much amount of any material can be immersed in it. To find a cylinder's volume, the formula to be used is v = π r² h (V = π R² H). In this formula, V is the volume of the cylinder; π r² represents the area of the base of the cylinder, with radius 'r'; h is the height of the cylinder.
Therefore, the given V = π r² h or V = π R² H is the formula to calculate a cylinder's volume.
"
Correct question is as follows:
What formula is this V = Πr²h or V = π R² H?
"
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what is the ratio of the kinetic energy of a 2000 kg mass to the kinetic energy of a 500 kg mass traveling at the same speed?
The ratio of the kinetic energy of a 2000 kg mass to the kinetic energy of a 500 kg mass traveling at the same speed is 4.
The ratio of the kinetic energy of a 2000 kg mass to the kinetic energy of a 500 kg mass traveling at the same speed can be calculated using the formula for kinetic energy:
KE = 0.5 * m * v^2where KE is the kinetic energy, m is the mass of the object, and v is the velocity of the object.
If we let KE1 be the kinetic energy of the 2000 kg mass and KE2 be the kinetic energy of the 500 kg mass, we can write:
KE1/KE2 = (0.5 * 2000 kg * v^2) / (0.5 * 500 kg * v^2)
= (2000 kg) / (500 kg)
= 4
Therefore, the ratio of the kinetic energy of the 2000 kg mass to the kinetic energy of the 500 kg mass is 4. This means that the 2000 kg mass has four times as much kinetic energy as the 500 kg mass, assuming they are traveling at the same speed.
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A student must determine the inertial mass of a block that is pulled across a horizontal surface using a force probe and an accelerometer. The student's data are represented in the graph above. What must the student do to determine the inertial mass of the block?
a. Determine the y-intercept.
b. Calculate the slope.
c. Calculate the area under the line.
d. Determine the x-intercept.
Answer: Calculate the slope.
Explanation:
Answer:
B. Calculate the slope
Explanation:
The other choices, determining the y-intercept, calculating the area under the line, and determining the x-intercept, are not relevant to determining the inertial mass of the block.
a weight lifter lifts a 280-n set of weights from ground level to a position over his head, a vertical distance of 1.65 m. how much work does the weight lifter do, assuming he moves the weights at constant speed?
If the weight lifter moves the weights at a steady speed, the amount of work he performs is W = 462 J.
Briefly :-an object's work is equal to the product of the force it is subjected to and the distance it travels.
W = Work Done, where W = F d
Force: F
Displacement equals d
The factors in this situation are as follows:
F = 280 N for the sets, and d = 1.65 m for the vertical distance traveled.
W = (300 N)(2.15 m)
W = 462 J.
Assuming the weight lifter moves the weights at a constant speed, the work he performs is W = 462 J.
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suppose a 200-kg motorcycle has two wheels like, the one described in problem 10.15 and is heading toward a hill at a speed of 30.0 m/s. (a) how high can it coast up the hill, if you neglect friction? (b) how much energy is lost to friction if the motorcycle only gains an altitude of 35.0 m before coming to rest?\\\
If you neglect friction it can 68600 high coast up the hill and 21400J energy is lost to friction if the motorcycle only gains an altitude of 35.0m before coming to rest.
Only because transformed of kinetic energy into potential energy.
at the minimum height the p-e is minimum but k-e maximum ,also in maximum height p-e is maximum but k-e is minimum.
Given, mass of motorcycle
(m)=200kg
speed(v)=300m/s
we have from kinematic equation
v^2=u^2-2gh
at the maximum height(h) final speed v=0
=u^2-2gh=0 AS G=9.8M/S^2
=H=U^2/2G
H=(30.0)^2/2X9.8
H=45.92M THIS IS HEIGHT.
GIVEN H=35.0M
At the height h=35.0m,
we have the potential energy ( p.e) v= mgh
v=200x9.8x35.0
v=68600
again the kinetic energy (k.e)=1/2mr^2
=1/2x(30.0)^2x200
=90000J
so the energy lost, (90000-68600)J
=21400J
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a wooden block has a length of 4.0 cm, a width of 2.0 cm, and a height of 1.0 cm. what is the volume of this block in meters? ml
The volume of a block that has length of 4cm, width 2cm, and height 1cm in meters is 8 * [tex]10^{-6[/tex] m³.
How to calculate the volume of this block in meters?
The volume of block is basically multiplying the length, width, and height. Also, we can write the formula for volume in terms of the area of the base. The area of the base, B, is equal to length times width.
Given from the question
Length = 4cm = 0.04m
width = 2cm = 0.02m
height = 1cm = 0.01m
Volume of the block = length * width * height
= 0.04 * 0.02 * 0.01
= 8 * [tex]10^{-6[/tex] m³
Therefore, the volume of the block is 8 * [tex]10^{-6[/tex] m³.
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At which position is the northern hemisphere experiencing spring? point a
The vernal or spring equinox occurs in the northern hemisphere on March 21 or 22.
Two ice-skaters, each with a mass of 50 kg, are stationary on a frictionless pond. One skater throws a 0.2 kg
at 5 m/s to the other skater who catches it. What are the velocities of the skaters when the ball is caught?
The velocities of the skaters when the ball is caught is 0.02m/s.
How to calculate?The mass of the skater is m1 = 50kg
The mass of the ball is m2= 0.02kg
The velocity of the ball is v1= 5m/s
According to the law of conservation of the momentum expression for finding the another skater velocity when catching the ball is ,
V2 = M2V1/ (m1 + m2 )
Substituting the values, we have
V2 = 0.02m/s
In conclusion, Velocity is described as the directional speed of an object in motion as an indication of its rate of change in position as observed from a particular frame of reference and as measured by a particular standard of time.
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charge q2 in the figure(figure 1) is in static equilibrium. assume that q = 6.0 nc .
Enthalpy Changes the overall energy change in the substance portrayed in the graph at 48°C which is the state of equillibrium.
What are the data that were obtained from the question?Mass (m) = 0.3 Kg
Initial temperature (T1) = 20°C
Heat (Q) added = 35 KJ
Specific heat capacity (C) = 4.18 KJ/Kg°C
Final temperature (T2)
The final temperature of water can be obtained as follow:
Q = MC(T2 – T1)
35 = 0.3 x 4.18 (T2 – 20)
35 = 1.254 (T2 – 20)
Clear the bracket
35 = 1.254T2 – 25.08
Collect like terms
1254T2 = 35 + 25.08
1.254T2 = 60.08
Divide both side by the coefficient of T2 i.e 1.254
T2 = 60.08/1.254
T2 = 47.9 ≈ 48°C
Therefore, the final temperature of the water is 48°C.
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a circular coil with an area of 0.0500 m2 is wrapped with 500 turns of wire and is placed in a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to its plane. if the field changes in value from -0.100 t to 0.150 t in an interval of 0.500 s, what is the magnitude of the average voltage induced in the coil?
The magnitude of the average voltage induced in the coil is 12.5 volt.
What is induced emf?
It is the creation of a potential difference in a coil as a result of variations in the magnetic flux flowing through it. To put it another way, it is said that electromotive force, or EMF, is created when the flux connecting with a conductor or coil changes.
Given that: a circular coil with an area of 0.0500 m^2 is wrapped with 500 turns of wire and the magnetic field changes in value from -0.100 T to 0.150 T in an interval of 0.500 s.
Hence, the magnitude of the average voltage induced in the coil is =
N ( B₂ - B₁) A/t
= 500(0.150 - (-0.100))0.0500/0.500 volt.
= 12.5 volt.
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What is the value of lambda?
The thermal conductivity of a product is measured in units of W/mK by the lambda value, which is also referred to as the "K-value" or "-value."
What does one lambda mean? A product's thermal conductivity is expressed in terms of W/mK by the lambda value, which is also referred to as the "K-value" or "-value."For the purpose of minimizing heat loss, effective insulation will have a lambda value as low as possible.A lambda value of 0.019 W/mK, for instance, is shared by all of our lower lambda products regardless of thickness.A non-SI measure of volume called lambda, denoted by the lowercase letter, is equivalent to 109 m3, 1 cubic millimeter (mm3), or 1 microliter (L).A variable is bound to a function using its namesake, the Greek letter lambda (), which is utilized in lambda expressions and phrases.Both typed and untyped lambda calculi are possible.Functions can only be used in typed lambda calculus if they can accept the "type" of data that is specified as an input.To learn more about lambda mean refer
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How would newtons laws of motion relate to the movement of bumper cars how might the mass of the riders and the speed of the cars affect this movement
Answer:
the law of interaction, says that if one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body. It's the law of action-reaction, and it helps to explain why you feel a jolt when you collide with another bumper car.
Heavier cars have more momentum, so they travel further, given the same amount of friction.
Explanation:
What is the frequency of A photon that has A wavelength of 300 nm?
wavelength of the photon is 300 nm
using ν= c/λ,
where c ⇒ speed of light =3x10⁸ m/s
λ⇒wavelength of light = 300 nm
frequency⇒ν=(3x10⁸)/(300X10⁻⁹)
so, ν= 10¹⁵ s⁻¹ is the frequency of photon of wavelength 300 nm.
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Create a acrostic poem using the word "transformation" that summarizes what you've learned about kinetic and potential energy.
Because the electrons travel more quickly under pressure and have more kinetic energy, they eventually leap into a broader orbit. The energy that was previously held in every electron will transform into potential energy.
What is the transformation between kinetic energy and potential energy?You see, when pressure is applied, the electrons' kinetic energy rises, making them travel more quickly and ultimately leading them to jump into a larger orbit. Every electron will then have energy that has been stored in it, which will become its potential energy.A: When an item is not moving, it possesses potential energy, or stored energy. Potential energy transforms into kinetic energy if a force is applied or it starts to move (energy of motion).Mechanical energy is the total of kinetic and potential energy. Kinetic energy, or kinetic energy from motion, and/or stored positional energy can both contribute to an object's mechanical energy (i.e., potential energy).Learn more about kinetic energy and potential energy refer to :
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ANSWER ASAP PLEASE
Produce a definition for the following words:
1. reliability
2. validity
3. precision
Use these words in ONE example investigation to describe their meaning.
Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure. For example, in an investigation, if a measuring device consistently produces the same results when used to measure the same quantity, it can be considered reliable.
Validity refers to the accuracy of a measure. In an investigation, if a measuring device accurately reflects the true value of the quantity being measured, it can be considered valid.
Precision refers to the degree to which repeated measurements of the same quantity agree with one another. In an investigation, if a measuring device produces results that are consistently close to one another, it can be considered precise.
For example, in an investigation to determine the weight of a substance, a reliable, valid, and precise scale would consistently produce the same weight measurement for the substance each time it is weighed, and the measurement would accurately reflect the true weight of the substance.
Is air travel scope 3?
YES.instances of scope Employee travel & commuting are 2 emissions.
journeys for work. bought products and services.
What falls under Scope 3?Scope 3 emission are the outcome of operations on resources that the reporting company does not own or control, but which are indirectly impacted by the organization through its value chain.All sources outside of an organization's range 1 & scope 2 boundary are included in scope 3 emissions.
LCA scope 3: what is it?Although they emanate from sources that company doesn't own or control, scope 3 emissions are a byproduct of corporate operations.
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In an experiment to copper plate a coin a current of 100mA is passed through a solution of copper. If 30C of charge must pass before the coin has enough copper deposited on it for how long must you leave the current switched on?
To calculate how long the current must be switched on in order to copper plate the coin, we need to use the formula for the time required to deliver a certain amount of electric charge:
t = Q / I
where t is the time, Q is the electric charge, and I is the current.
In this case, the electric charge is 30 C, and the current is 100 mA. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
t = 30 C / 100 mA
= 0.3 seconds
Therefore, you would need to leave the current switched on for 0.3 seconds in order to copper plate the coin.
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according to hubble's law, a galaxy with a recession velocity of 25,000 km/s will be
The recessional velocity of the galaxy is 2.70×10⁻³km/s
Simply put, recessional velocity is the speed at which an item is moving away from the observer. The Doppler Effect and redshift both depend heavily on this idea. The recessional velocity in the Doppler Effect can be determined by extrapolating the wavelength of the waves from their rest wavelength.
We are given that,
Velocity = v = 25000 km/s
Distance = d = 108 light years
Hubble's law states: If the galaxy's moving velocity is given by v, and its distance from Earth is given by d, and H is the Hubble constant, we can write as,
v = H×d
v = (25 km/s per million light years)×108 light years
v = (2.5×10⁻⁵ km/s per light years)×108 light years
v = 2.70×10⁻³ km/s
Therefore, the recessional velocity of the galaxy is 2.70×10⁻³ km/s.
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HELP found the missing number and what type of decay is the equation
The missing number is 225 and the decay is the beta decay in the given reaction.
What is Beta decay?In nuclear physics, beta decay can be described as a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle is emitted from an atomic nucleus, transforming the original nuclide. Beta decay of a neutron transforms a nuclide into a proton by the emission of an electron accompanied by an antineutrino.
The two types of beta decay are known. In beta minus (β⁻) decay, a neutron is transformed to a proton, and the process forms an electron and an electron antineutrino; while in beta plus (β⁺) decay, a proton is transformed to a neutron and the process forms a positron and an electron neutrino and β+ decay is called positron emission
[tex]^{225}Ra_{88} \longrightarrow ^0e_{-1} + ^{225}Ra_{87}[/tex]
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