Answer:
????????????????
Explanation:
RDNA technology made it possible for bacteria to express an insulin gene from humans for production of insulin synthetically.
What is recombinant DNA technology?Alteration of genetic material from one organism to another, to obtain desired and enhanced genetic characteristics in recombinant organism, is called as recombinant DNA technology.
In this method different genetic material from different organisms can be combined to develop desired characteristics, for example, DNA from two different species is joined together, and the recombinant DNA molecule is then inserted into host organism to produce new genetic combination with higher medicinal, scientific or agricultural values.
Genetically modified bacteria are used for production of human insulin, which cause less immune reactions as compared to the pig or cow version of insulin.
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Explain why green chilies are preserved using vinegar and sugar.
Answer:
The solution in which the whole green chillies are soaked is a mixture of vinegar and water. The reason why green chillies are kept in this solution for long hours is to reduce the heat of the spice. Doing so will not only reduce the spiciness of the chillies, but will also add a tangy flavour to them.
hope this answer helps you...
The solution in which the whole green chillies are soaked is a mixture of vinegar and water.
The reason why green chillies are kept in this solution for long hours is to reduce the heat of the spice. Doing so will not only reduce the spiciness of the chillies, but will also add a Savoury taste to them.
Why is vinegar used in food preservation?Vinegar is acidic in nature. It ret ards the growth of the microorganisms, which can grow, contaminate, and spoil the food. This is why vinegar has been used as a preservative, for many years. Foods dipped in vinegar are safe to consume, even after months.
Thus, to reduce the heat of the spice.
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How do shifting seasons occur?
Answer:
The Earth's tilted axis causes seasons. During different parts of the year, the Earth recieves the sun's rays directly. It's summer in the Northern Hemisphere. When the South Pole tilts toward the Sun, it's winter in the Northern Hemisphere.
Explanation:
Match Column A with Column B
Column A
3.1.1 Division of the cytoplasm
3.1.2 Uncontrolled cell growth
3.1.3 Chromatids lined up at equator of cell
3.1.4 Chromatids joined at this point
3.1.5 Mass of cancerous cells
3.1.6 Skin cancer
3.1.7 Growth and mitosis
3.1.8 Cancer causing factors
3.1.9 Cancer cells that do not spread
3.1.10 Replicated half of a chromosome
Column B
A carcinoma
B benign
C cancer
D meristematic
E carcinogens
F metaphase
G cytokinesis
H tumour
I centromere
J sarcoma
K anaphase
L malignant
M chromatid
N cell cycle
Answer:
3.1.1 Division of the cytoplasm - Cytokinesis
3.1.2 Uncontrolled cell growth - Cancer
3.1.3 Chromatids lined up at equator of cell - Metaphase
3.1.4 Chromatids joined at this point - Centromere
3.1.5 Mass of cancerous cells - Tumor
3.1.6 Skin cancer - Carcinoma
3.1.7 Growth and mitosis - Meristematic
3.1.8 Cancer causing factors - Carcinogens
3.1.9 Cancer cells that do not spread - Benign
3.1.10 Replicated half of a chromosome - Chromatid
Explanation:
The division of the cytoplasm is known as Cytokinesis. It occurs during the later part of the division of the nucleus in both mitosis and meiosis. In Cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of a single parent cell divides in two to produce two daughter cells.
Cancer is a disease condition that results when the growth and division of cells is uncontrolled. It occurs as a result of changes to the DNA either due to environmental factors or heredity factors.
Metaphase is one of the four stages in mitosis. During mitosis, the chromatids which are joined at the centelomere line up at the middle or equator of the cell.
Centromere is a region in the chromosome in which sister chromatids are joined together to form a short and a long arm of the chromosome.
A tumour is a swelling of a part of the body due to the abnormal growth of cells in that part of the body. A tumour may have the ability to spread or not.
Cancers that originate in the skin or tissues lining organs is known as carcinomas.
In plants, meristematic tissues are responsible for growth as they consist of actively dividing or mitotic cells. Meristematic cells are present at the tips of roots,stem and branches.
Carcinogens are agents or factors that are able to cause cancers. They include such agents like chemicals, electromagnetic radiations, some viruses, lifestyle factors, etc.
Benign tumours refers to growths in tissues or organs of the body which are non-cancerous as they do not spread to other tissues or organs in the body.
A chromatid is one-half of a replicated chromosome present in the nucleus of the cell. Two chromatids are joined together at the centromere to form the chromosome.
38. The rate of soil development in tropical areas is
usually greater than the rate of soil development in
arctic areas because tropical areas have
A) less chemical weathering and a scarcity of
living organisms
B) less chemical weathering and an abundance of
living organisms
C) more chemical weathering and a scarcity of
living organisms
D) more chemical weathering and an abundance of
living organisms
The rate of soil development in tropical areas is usually greater than in arctic areas because tropical areas have more chemical weathering and an abundance of living organisms (Option D).
The soil may contain many different types of living organisms, which include among others, badgers, gophers, and bacteria.It is well known that tropical moist forests have the highest levels of biodiversity on Earth.Moreover, weathering refers to the breaking down and/or disintegration of rocks on the Earth's surface.In a tropical environment, intense weathering is caused by abundant rainfall and warm temperatures.In consequence, the rate of soil development is faster in warm, moist tropical climates and slowest in cold/arid climatic conditions.In conclusion, the rate of soil development in tropical areas is usually greater than in arctic areas because tropical areas have more chemical weathering and an abundance of living organisms (Option D).
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04.02 Environmental Resources Lab Report
Instructions: For this lab, use the lab report to record your information. You will submit your completed lab report.
Note: If you cannot complete this lab as directed, please contact your instructor for assistance.
Name and Title:
Include your name, instructor's name, and date.
Introduction
To improve your soil, you should first know what you’re starting with. In this lab, you will sample local soil to determine its composition and pH range.
Materials
• Distilled water
• Metric ruler
• Small zipper storage bag
• Soil from the yard, garden, or other local source
• Jar with tightly fitting lid (tall and skinny would be best)
• Small digging tool
• pH strips (available at hardware and pool supply stores) or vinegar and baking soda
Pre-lab Questions
1. Describe soil particles (sand, silt, and clay) in term of size and texture.
2. If soil is too acidic, what substance is usually added? If soil is too alkaline, what substance is usually added?
3. Why are soil composition and pH important to know?
Hypothesis
Predict what type of soil you think is in your local area (mostly sand, silt, clay, or mixed) and if it more acidic, more alkaline, or neutral.
Procedure
Obtaining soil samples for your jar and resealable bag
1. Take your jar, resealable bag, and digging tool into your garden or yard. Use the digging tool to dig a hole 3–6 inches deep. Take your soil sample from the soil at this depth.
2. Place approximately one cup of soil into the resealable bag, squeeze the air out of the bag, and zip it shut (you will use this soil later in the lab).
3. Dig up additional soil and fill the jar to approximately 1/4 full of soil. Take everything back inside to your work area.
Note: To avoid making a mess, it is best to work on a covered surface (for example, a kitchen counter covered with old newspaper or plastic wrap).
4. Fill the remaining space in the jar with water, and screw the cap on tightly (see Figure 1, below).
5. Shake the jar so that the dirt is totally dispersed through the water (see Figure 2, below). Set down the jar and allow the shaken contents to settle completely (see Figure 3, below). Leave it undisturbed overnight while you test the texture and pH of the soil in your resealable bag.
Note: Do not pick up the jar. Doing so will begin to mix the contents again.
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
Fill jar 3/4 full of water and 1/4 full of soil. With the lid on tightly, shake the jar well until the soil and water have mixed thoroughly. Let the jar sit. Materials will begin to settle out and form layers.
Testing texture and pH of the soil in your resealable bag
1. While you wait for the soil and water sample to settle in the jar, you can test the texture of the sample in the resealable bag. First, remove a small amount and moisten it slightly to test the texture. Record your observations in the Data and Observations section.
a. Rough and gritty soil that barely sticks together is sand.
b. Loams (mixtures of clay, silt, and sand) feel medium-textured.
c. Smooth and sticky fine textures indicate clay.
2. Next, test the pH using one of the following methods:
a. If you have pH strips: To test with pH strips, place the soil sample in a small bowl or container and add a small amount of distilled water. Add just enough water to make the soil slightly liquid, like a milkshake consistency. Dip the pH strip in and compare it to the color identification provided with the test strips. Record your data in the Data and Observations section.
b. If you do not have pH strips: Use vinegar and baking soda instead. To do this, split the sample into two containers. Add a half cup of vinegar to the first sample of soil, mix gently, and watch to see if it bubbles or fizzes. If it does, it is alkaline. In the second container, add a half cup of distilled water to the soil and mix gently. Then add a half cup of baking soda. If there is a reaction of bubbles or fizzing, the soil is acidic. If neither sample has a reaction, the soil is neutral. Record your data in the Data and Observations section.
Testing soil sample in your jar
1. For the sample in the jar, wait until after the contents have settled and you can see several different-colored layers. In addition, you may see some material floating at the top of the water. You may also see that the water is still clouded with some particles.
2. Measure the total thickness of the soil in the jar after it settles. Record this measurement (in centimeters) in the data table.
3. Observe the settled dirt carefully. There should be distinct layers of soil. The bottom will be your sand layer (largest particles fall out first), then clay or silt, depending on the kind of soil you have. Carefully measure the thickness of any layers of soil seen in your jar. Record your measurements in centimeters (cm) in the data table. Also record the color of each layer.
isaac is investigating how long it takes his dog to react to different sounds. what is the independent variable?
Answer:
the sounds
Explanation:
Please help with this I am confused
Answer:
A
Explanation:
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Answer:
kwkwkwkwwvhjwjwllsllslslaoaoa
can be defined as the diversity of forms of life in an area and within a species; not equivalent to the number of species.
1.biome genetic
2.diversity
3.biodiversity
4.ecological diversity
Answer:
3.biodiversity
Explanation:
Biodiversity can be regarded as biological variety as well as variability of life on the Earth. It can be explained as term that gives measurement of variation, as regards to level of species,
ecosystem as well as genetic. Example of biodiversity can be found in ocean whereby different varieties as well as different types of animals and plants live in a particular ocean. It should be noted that biodiversity is defined as the diversity of forms of life in an area and within a species; not equivalent to the number of species.
what allows oxygen to pass into your blood?
branliest.
Answer:
The alveoli are responsible for receiving oxygen and transferring it to the blood. The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries, which are tiny blood vessels. Both the alveoli and the capillaries have very thin walls, allowing oxygen to travel from the alveoli to the blood.
DYNAMITE: C7H5(NO2)3
How many total atoms are there in one molecule of dynamite?
a
19
b
18
c
17
d
21
Answer:
D it has 21 atoms 7 carbon 6 oxygen 5 hydrogen 3 nitrogen
species change over time through a?
Answer:
Evolution
Explanation:
The concept of growth and development and changes , or the hypothesis that species have evolved and formed from previous species, is referred to as evolution. Biological evolution of an organism' features changing over many generations by natural selection. Genetic diversity is needed for evolution to occur.
All of the following traits is inherited by an eagle EXCEPT-
brown wings
cracked beak
sharp talons
feathered tail
Answer: cracked beak
Explanation:
how magnification and resolution affect the appearance of objects viewed under a microscope
Answer:
It allows to see objects more clearly.
Explanation:
Magnification and resolution greatly affects the appearance of objects that can be seen under a microscope because these two things make the specimen enlarge in size. Magnification refer to the process of enlarging the apparent size of something to see and observe it clearly while on the other hand, resolution is used to see more details about specimen that can be study in the microscope so we can conclude that both magnification and resolution has a great impact on the appearance of objects.
The body makes molecules that can help to destroy harmful viruses and bacteria. These are called
A. Antibodies
B. Vaccines
C. Hormones
D. Antibiotics
During which eon did Pangaea come together?
Archean
Hadean
Phanerozoic
Proterozoic
Pangaea came together during the Phanerozoic eon.
• The current geologic eon in the geologic time scale is the Phanerozoic eon. It is the one during which abundant plant and animal life prevailed.
• It is of the span of 541 million years to the present, and it started with the Cambrian period when animals initially developed hard shells.
• The Phanerozoic time span began with the sudden emergence of fossilized evidence of a number of animal phyla, the development and emergence of complex plants, and the evolution of fish, the emergence of tetrapods and insects, and the development of present time fauna.
• During the Phanerozoic eon, the tectonic forces moved the continents and gathered them into a single landmass called Pangaea, which later got separated into the present continental landmasses.
Thus, the correct answer is Phanerozoic eon.
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A moth's color is controlled by two alleles, G and g, at a single locus. G (gray) is dominant to g (white). A large population of moths was studied, and the frequency of the G allele in the population over time was documented, as shown in the figure below. In 1980 a random sample of 2,000 pupae was collected and moths were allowed to emerge. Assuming that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the G locus, what percentage of the gray moths that emerged in 1980 was heterozygous? (The Answer is 67%, can you please explain why it's 67%? thank you!!)
Answer:
67%
Explanation:
When taking random samples from a population, the observed numbers are not always as the expected ones. The difference is by chance, instead of 50% heter0zyg0us, the sample included 67%.
--------------------------
Available data:
- Moths' color ⇒ diallelic gene
G allele → dominant → Codes for greyg allele → recessive → Codes for white- f(G) 1960 = 0.8
- f(G) 1965 = 0.7
- f(G) 1970 = 0.6
- f(G) 1975 and 1980 = 0.5
- 1980 ⇒ N = 2000 pupae
- Population in H-W equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberr equilibrium,
Assuming a diallelic gene, p and q are the allelic frequencies in a locus and represent the allelic d0minant or recessive forms. The gen0typic frequencies after one generation are p² (H0m0zyg0us d0minant), 2pq (Heter0zyg0us), q² (H0m0zyg0us recessive). Populations in H-W equilibrium will get the same allelic frequencies generation after generation.When adding the allelic frequencies of a population in H-W equilibrium, the result should be 1, this is p + q = 1.In the same way, when adding the genotypic frequencies, the result should also equal 1, this is p²+ 2pq + q² = 1In this problem we assume that the population is under H-W equilibrium, and we know that p = 0.5.
Considering that p + q = 1, then by clearing the equation, we get the value of q = 0.5
Finally, we know that the genotypic frequency of the heter0zygous genotype is 2pq, so,
F(Gg) = 2pq = 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.5 = 50%
Now, among the options in the problem, there is not 50% but others. One of them, and the closest to 50%, is 67%.
The chart reflects that through the years, the moth's populations stabilized. Both alleles were favored, and their frequencies got to be equal to each other -0.5-. So there is a high probability of getting heter0zyg0us individuals in the population -50%-, more than any of the h0mzyg0us ones -25%-.
However, in a natural population, the amount of h0m0zyg0us and heter0zygous individuals observed is not always the same as the expected ones. This fact happens especially when there are random samples.
In this experiment, the researcher took 2000 pupae, but they did not know their genotype. They just took them randomly. Even though the population is in H-W equilibrium, when sampling, the researcher took more heter0zyg0us individuals than the expected ones. It does not mean that the population is not under H-W equilibrium. It just means that by chance, more heter0zyg0us were selected.
So what you need to do in these situations, is to analyze your problem and the provided information, and think about the most feasible answer.
In this case, the expected number is 50% heter0zyg0us. The closest option is 67% and the most feasible. So that would be the answer.
------------------------
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Answer:
that would be an acid, its sulfuric acid
Answer:
C. Acid
Explanation:
why do vultures wait for there prey
Answer:
A vulture attacks weak prey. They hunt by sight, so they often "watch over" the prey until it is ready, by their standards. ... Sometimes vultures wait for a larger feeder to attack the meat first, so that the meat is perfect for eating.
Answer:
Vultures often wait for decay to set in because it gives them easy access to dead animals with tough skins
Explanation:
Hope this helped!!!
What are TWO specific ways in which proteins are regulated in eukaryotic cells?
Answer:
Feedback inhibition and allosteric regulation.
Explanation:
Lions and hyenas live in the same environment. They often hunt the same prey, and they also steal each other's kills when they can. What can be said about this situation?
Select one:
A. It is competition within the same species.
B. It is cooperation within the same species.
C. It is cooperation between different species.
D.It is competition between different species.
The evolution of arthropods has led to
Answer:
Arthropods make up almost 80% of all animals; they are jointed legged animals that belong to the Animalia kingdom that include centipedes, millipedes, insects, and spiders. The success of arthropods can mainly be attributed by the following characteristics;
Presence of Exoskeleton.
The presence of exoskeleton that hardens due to the presence of chitin offers a protective cover for arthropods with different environment against advance conditions and also it protects against dehydration.
Varied habitats.
Arthropods can be found in all types of habitats from the soil, water, and land. This feature is the key to their survival since they are widely distributed hence increasing chances of survival.
Bilateral Symmetry.
Arthropods exhibit bilateral symmetry whereby a different portion of their bodies are mirror images, this form is exhibited in higher animals such as humans and dogs, and it facilitates advanced body functioning.
Jointed Legs.
Arthropods exhibit segmented legs that are jointed to allow the development of hard exoskeleton for protection. The jointed legs are specialized for grasping, jumping and running.
Short generation time.
Arthropods exhibit short generation time, which allows for faster adaptation to the environment and survival.
Reproduction strategy.
Arthropods have exhibited a sexual form of reproduction that is more successful in the growth and survival of offspring.
Segmented body.
Arthropods have a segmented body that allows for specialization of body organs and tissues, and this has promoted their success by specializing body organs to different functions.
Which of these statements is true of ATP?
A. It stores energy as glucose.
B.It stores energy for cellular processes.
C. It converts sunlight into chemical energy.
D. It contains less stored energy than ADP.
Answer:
A. It stores energy as glucose.
Hope this helps!
Why are pollutants more harmful to tertiary (top) consumers as opposed to producers?
Answer:
because making that substance is does not generate that much pollutants, but using that substance generates more pollution.Explanation:
❤
Prompt 4:
The scientists are proposing a new reintroduction site. They want to predict how many ferrets could occupy the
site. Here are some facts about the new site:
.
.
Annual Rainfall - 17.59 inches
Area - 4600 hectares
Number of prairie dog colonies on site - 48
Prairie dog colony size on site - 473.24 individuals/site
Relative Prairie Dog Biomass - 0.3221
.
Answer:
Black-footed Ferrets are weasel-like in body shape and form but are heavier than ... They are therefore limited to the same open habitat used by prairie dogs: ... (several thousand acres of closely spaced colonies) can support and sustain a ... to 60 hectares of prairie dog colony is needed to support one Black-footed Ferret, ...
Explanation:
If glycerol is the same in all lipids why is corn oil different from coconut oil?
Answer:
Corn is made up of starch sodium and other chemicals wher as coconut is made from calcium and other materials too
Explanation:
How can the motion of an object best be described?
Answer:
In physics, motion is the phenomenon in which an object changes its position over time. Motion is mathematically described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, speed, and time.
Explanation:
What is the main challenge astronomers face when trying to directly detect black holes? (1 point)
Black holes are too black
Black holes are empty.
Black holes trap all light.
Black holes are too small.
Answer:
Black holes trap all light.
Explanation:
This temperature is on the order of billionths of a kelvin for black holes of stellar mass, making it essentially impossible to observe directly. Objects whose gravitational fields are too strong for light to escape were first considered in the 18th century by John Michell and Pierre-Simon Laplace.
Answer:
1. How do emission and reflection nebulae differ?
interactions with light
2. Where could scientists look to observe a black hole?
the center of the Milky Way
3. Which description best summarizes the steps that take place during black hole formation, in the correct order?
A massive star depletes its nuclear fuel; gravity overpowers the star; supernova occurs; core of star collapses.
4. Select the correct answer from the list.
To form a nebula, gravity pulls matter together or causes an explosion.
5. Which of these characteristics of a star make it most likely to become a black hole? Select the two correct answers
It is dying.
Its mass is greater than 20 times the mass of the sun.
6. Which statement best describes the galaxies closest to the Milky Way?
These galaxies include irregular, spiral, and elliptical types.
7. Select the correct answer from the list.
Astronomers think that most galaxies are centered by a black hole which exerts gravitational pull that binds the galaxy together.
8. What is the main challenge astronomers face when trying to directly detect black holes?
Black holes trap all light.
Explanation: I got 100%
What can easily pass through the cell membrane?
What cannot pass through the cell membrane?
In passive transport, molecules, move ______the concentration gradient.
Answer:
i dont rlly get what ur asking but basically gasses diffues across the cell membrane from high conc to low concentration.
i dont know what passive transport is but active transport goes against the concentration gradient so im guessing passive is the opposite and goes with the conc gradient
Explanation:
if YHISF means TAKES what does FIHYS mean
Answer:
SKATE
Explanation:
Hope this helps bro