why do acids react with carbonates?

The product of the reaction between BCl3 and NH3 is the ionic compound, Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl).

Reaction is the process of responding to a stimulus. It can be physical, emotional, or both. It is a way for a person, animal, or living organism to communicate with the environment and other living things. A reaction is often an involuntary response that occurs due to a change in the environment. For example, a person may jump in fear if a loud noise is heard. This reaction is the body's way of quickly responding to the stimulus. Reactions can also be learned over time and can be either positive or negative. For example, a person may smile when they see a loved one, or they may frown when they are angry. Reactions are an important part of how we interact with the world and with each other.

The product of the reaction between BCl3 and NH3 is the ionic compound, Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl). The reaction can be written as:
BCl3 + NH3 → NH4Cl
The chemical structure of Ammonium Chloride is shown below:
NH4Cl
The central atom, nitrogen, is surrounded by four hydrogen atoms (H) and one chlorine atom (Cl). The nitrogen atom has a formal charge of +1 and is therefore surrounded by four hydrogen atoms with a negative charge of -1. The chlorine atom has a formal charge of -1 and is therefore surrounded by one ammonium ion with a positive charge of +1.

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In double replacement reactions, two metals not combine with each other when products are formed because, metals form negative ions and like charges attract. Therefore, option A is correct.

A metal is a substance that exhibits a shiny appearance when freshly processed, polished, or shattered, and conducts electricity and heat rather well. Generally speaking, metals are malleable and ductile.

We use the (s) symbol for solid because salt is an insoluble substance that will not dissolve in water. The silver, fluoride, potassium, and chloride ions would have effectively moved to a new location if there had been no precipitate formation, but they would still be floating around as ions. In this instance, nothing happens.

When two ionic compounds exchange ions and create two new ionic compounds, this is known as a double replacement reaction.

Thus, option A is correct.

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The relationship between the temperature and the rate of the reaction is positive (option A).

A positive relationship is one in which both variables tend to move in the same direction i.e. if one variable increases, the other tends to also increase. If one decreases, the other tends to also.

According to collision theory, a chemical reaction that takes place at a higher temperature generates more energy than a reaction at a lower temperature.

This is because colliding particles will have the required activation energy at high temperature and more successful collisions will take place.

The rate of of a reaction refers to the speed at which a chemical reaction occurs i.e. the conversion of reactants to products.

Therefore, a positive relationship exists between temperature and rate of a reaction.

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Ionic equation is :-Na2CO3(aq) + Mg(NO3)2 (aq) → MgCO3(s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)

Now ,the full ionic equation .

2Na+(aq) + CO3 2-(aq) + Mg2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq)→MgCO3(s) + 2Na+(aq) + NO3- aq)

CO3 2- (aq) + Mg 2+(aq) → MgCO3(s)

A complete ionic equation also contains the spectator ions, whereas a net ionic equation just displays the chemical species that are involved in a reaction.

AgNO3 and NaCl react to form AgCl (silver chloride) and NaNO3 (sodium nitrate) when exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl) and AgNO3 (silver nitrate). A twofold displacement reaction would look like this.

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The maximum volume of gas is 1.2*10^7 dm3 that is calculated using mass of SO3 i.e., 6.4 tonnes.

The molar volume, symbol Vm is the volume occupied by one mole of a substance (chemical element or chemical compound) at a given temperature and pressure. It is equal to the molar mass (M) divided by the mass density (ρ). The given mass of sulfur trioxide is 6.4 tonnes.

In order to calculate the volume of sulfur dioxide, we need to calculate the moles of the gas first using the mass and number of molecules.

The moles of SO3 gas is 6.4 *10^6/64 which is 1*10^6 moles.

The maximum volume of gas is 1*10^6/2*24 = 1.2*10^7 dm3.

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The volume occupied by 18.0 g of argon gas at a pressure of 1.32 atm and a temperature of 454 k is 12.70 m³.

An ideal gas is a theoretical gas used to study the behavior of gases. Because true gasses are complex, it is difficult for us to study their behavior. Therefore, these true gasses are simplified to ideal gasses. Because it has been simplified, even an ideal gas has simpler properties and interactions than a true gas. So, simply put, this ideal gas is a model for calculating the behavior of true gasses or real gasses.

the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where,

P = gas pressure (N/m³ or Pa)

V = gas volume (m³)

n = moles of gas present

R = gas constant (0.082057 atm.L/mol.K)

T = temperature (K)

We have,

Mass of the gas = 18.0 g

P = 1.32 atm

Temperature = 454 K

Determine the moles of gas,

The molar mass of argon is 39.948 g/mol.

n = m/Mr

= 18.0/39.948

= 0.450 mol Ar

So, the volume occupied is:

PV = nRT

(1.32)V = (0.45) (0.082057) (454)

1.32 V = 16.76

V = 12.70 m³

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The overall formation constant is 1.11*10¹³.

What is ion ?

An atom or collection of atoms that is classified as an ion has a different number of electrons than proton atoms.

What is solubility ?

A substance's solubility is the greatest amount that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature. A specific solute-solvent combination's solubility is a defining trait, and the solubilities of various compounds can vary significantly.

The complex [Ni(en)3]2+ is more stable than the complexes [Ni(NH3)6]2+ and [Ni(H2O)6]2+.

Steric hindrance of ligands will generally reduce the value of the formation constant.

The coordination number of the central metal ion is related to the formation constant of the complex.

Therefore, the overall formation constant is 1.11*10¹³.

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As bond order decreases in  b2, c2 and p2 but increases in f2, 3 of them will decrease bond order.

Bond order is defined in chemistry by Linus Pauling as the difference between the number of bonds and anti-bonds. The number of electron pairs (covalent bonds) between two atoms is the bond order.

For example, the bond order between the two nitrogen atoms in diatomic nitrogen NN is 3. (triple bond). The bond order between the two carbon atoms in acetylene is also 3, and the C-H bond order is 1. (single bond).

The bond order between carbon and oxygen in carbon monoxide CO+ is three. The bond order between sulphur and nitrogen in thiazyl trifluoride NSF3 is 3, while the bond order between sulphur and fluorine is 1. The bond order in diatomic oxygen O=O is 2 (double bond).

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2 Bond Order Reduction Elements are always made up of just one type of atom, however molecules can include only one type of atom if one electron is removed from the neutral molecule.

Definition of a molecule

The smallest unit of a substance that retains its composition and properties is a molecule. It is constructed of two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds. Moles are the foundation of chemistry.

Is a molecule an ionic bond?

A molecule, which is a grouping of three or more atoms, is the largest recognized unit into which a pure substance may be divided while keeping its makeup and chemical reactivity.

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When a gas expands, the sign of w is negative.

When a gas contracts, the sign of w is positive.

The sign of w for the process of boiling water is negative.

In the first law of thermodynamics, the energy of the universe is constant. A system can change its internal energy through a flow of work, heat, or both, and therefore the total amount of heat energy and the total amount of work energy that goes in or out must be equal to the total internal energy change of the system (ΔE).

                                         ∆E = q + w

        ΔE = change in internal energy

         q =  heat

         w = work energy

When we add a property to the system from the surroundings, the sign is positive and when the system adds a property to the surroundings the sign is negative.

To boil water, heat must be added so that q is positive. The molar volume of a gas is huge compared to the molar volume of a liquid. As a liquid converts to a gas, the system will expand its volume, performing work on the surroundings; w is negative.

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A student weighed out 3.87g of H₂PtCl₆ and added it to water. 9.44 × 10⁻³ moles of the compound the student added to water.

Mass of H₂PtCl₆ = 3.87 g

The molar mass of H₂PtCl₆  = 410 g

Number of moles of H₂PtCl₆  = ?

We will calculate the number of moles of H₂PtCl₆ by using the following formula.

 Number of moles = mass of compound / molar mass of the compound

Put the values in the above formula

    Number of moles of H₂PtCl₆ = 3.87 g / 410 g / mol

    Number of moles of H₂PtCl₆ = 3.87/ 410 mol

    Number of moles of H₂PtCl₆ = 0.00944 mol

    Number of moles of H₂PtCl₆ = 9.44 × 10⁻³ mol

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If you use the molecular orbital theory, option C, which is the paramagnetism of oxygen particles, you can explain the odd thing that Lewis structures can't explain.

The fact that oxygen particles are paramagnetic doesn't make sense in terms of Lewis structure. Since oxygen atoms have two electrons that don't have a partner, only molecular orbital theory can explain why oxygen particles are paramagnets. A Lewis structure is a much better way to show how the electrons in a particle's valence shell are arranged. It is used to show how the electrons around the different atoms in a particle are arranged. Electrons are shown as "dabs" or as a line running between two particles. In his cubical particle hypothesis, Lewis came up with the "octet rule." The octet rule is based on the fact that iotas tend to like having eight electrons in their valence shell. When molecules have fewer than eight electrons, they usually react by making more stable mixtures. Atoms will act to get into the most stable state possible.

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From the given conditions in the question, it is evident that a protein has been made from the polymerization of amino acids.

Amino acids are defined as the substances which are considered to be the monomers of proteins.Every amino acid has the same structure consisting of a central carbon which is bonded to an amino group , carboxyl group and a hydrogen.

Each amino acid also has another atom or a group of atoms bonded to the alpha carbon which are also known as the R group or the variable group of the side chain.There are 20 common amino acids present in natural proteins and each amino acid has the same backbone.

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Here is a detailed flow sheet for the isolation and purification of 1-bromobutane:

Start with a sample of 1-bromobutane, which can be synthesized from butane through a bromination reaction.

Dissolve the 1-bromobutane in a solvent such as diethyl ether or hexane.

Extract the 1-bromobutane from the solvent using a separatory funnel. This can be done by adding a small amount of water to the solvent mixture and shaking it vigorously to allow the 1-bromobutane to dissolve in the water. The 1-bromobutane will then separate from the solvent as an upper layer.

Drain the upper layer of 1-bromobutane into a clean container, being careful to leave any impurities behind in the separatory funnel.

Dry the 1-bromobutane by adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate or another drying agent to the container and stirring the mixture until the drying agent has absorbed any moisture.

Filter the 1-bromobutane through filter paper to remove any solid impurities.

Distill the 1-bromobutane to purify it further. This can be done by heating the 1-bromobutane in a distillation setup and collecting the distillate as it comes off the still. The 1-bromobutane will boil at a higher temperature than most impurities, so it will be collected in a separate fractions.

Once the 1-bromobutane has been distilled, it can be collected and stored for future use. It is important to handle 1-bromobutane with care, as it is flammable and can be harmful if inhaled or ingested.

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Here is a detailed flow sheet for the isolation and purification of 1-bromobutane:

Start with a sample of 1-bromobutane, which can be synthesized from butane through a bromination reaction.

Dissolve the 1-bromobutane in a solvent such as diethyl ether or hexane.

Extract the 1-bromobutane from the solvent using a separatory funnel. This can be done by adding a small amount of water to the solvent mixture and shaking it vigorously to allow the 1-bromobutane to dissolve in the water. The 1-bromobutane will then separate from the solvent as an upper layer.

Drain the upper layer of 1-bromobutane into a clean container, being careful to leave any impurities behind in the separatory funnel.

Dry the 1-bromobutane by adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate or another drying agent to the container and stirring the mixture until the drying agent has absorbed any moisture.

Filter the 1-bromobutane through filter paper to remove any solid impurities.

Distill the 1-bromobutane to purify it further. This can be done by heating the 1-bromobutane in a distillation setup and collecting the distillate as it comes off the still. The 1-bromobutane will boil at a higher temperature than most impurities, so it will be collected in a separate fractions.

Once the 1-bromobutane has been distilled, it can be collected and stored for future use. It is important to handle 1-bromobutane with care, as it is flammable and can be harmful if inhaled or ingested.

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The volume, in liters, of oxygen that will be used to completely burn 200 liters of hydrogen would be 100 liters.

Oxygen and hydrogen gas reacts with each other to form water according to the following balanced equation:

[tex]2H_2 + O_2 --- > 2H_2O[/tex]

The volume ratio of the hydrogen gas to oxygen gas from the balanced equation is 2:1. Following this ratio, every 1 liter of hydrogen will require 0.5 liters of oxygen.

Now, the equivalent amount of oxygen that will be required for 200 liters of hydrogen can be calculated as follows:

1 liter hydrogen = 0.5 liter oxygen

200 liters hydrogen = 200 x 0.5/1

                                  = 100 liters.

In other words, the amount of oxygen that will be used to completely burn 200 liters of hydrogen would be 100 liters.

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PH3 is a weaker base than NH3 due to the fact the lone pair inside NH3 has a better electricity and as a consequence serve higher as a higher base.

Each next fall at the periodic desk has much less electricity and as a consequence will become much less fundamental which in flip way it's miles extra acidic. Phosphine (PH3) reacts with borane (BH3) as follows:

PH3 + BH3 → H3P—BH3

In PH3, P atom has 4 electron corporations i.e 1 lone pair and three bond pairs. Hence it's going to shape 4 hybrid orbitals i.e sp3 hybridization. The P-atom withinside the product additionally has 4 electron corporations i.e surrounded via way of means of 4 bond pairs and shape 4 sp3 hybrid orbital. There isn't anyt any alternate in hybridization, subsequently the hybridization of P atom in each the reactant and product is sp3.

Therefore example B satisfactory indicates the hybridization of P all through the response as

sp3 → sp3.

Phosphine (PH3)—a exceedingly toxic, flammable gas—is used withinside the semiconductor industry, chemical processing, and the fumigation of grain, meals products, and tobacco earlier than global transport.

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The decision is not valid for a liquid in a glass capillary with a convex meniscus since the liquid's behavior is strongly influenced by its interactions with the glass. As a result, choice D is right.

Glass capillaries have external sizes that range greatly, from 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm. For the purpose of gathering x-ray data, they are designed to mount, hold, and store biological macromolecular crystals as well as small molecules.

The water in a thin tube submerged in water rises due to the forces of attraction between the water molecules and the glass walls as well as the water molecules themselves.

The gravitational pull of the water column, which has risen to a characteristic height, is only balanced by these attractive forces.

Therefore, choice D is correct.

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Answer:

b

Explanation:

the higher the salt, the decay becomes 6 years faster

also sorry if the answers wrong

Answer:

The repulsion between negatively charged electron pairs in bonds or as lone pairs causes them to spread apart as much as possible.

Because it improves food preservation and breaks down the sugars in the dough, the dough is fermented and proofed.

The ideal temperature for fermentation is 85° F.

What is fermentation?

Anaerobic degradation of molecules like glucose occurs chemically during fermentation.

What is proofing?

When making yeast bread and other baked goods, the process of proving involves letting the dough rest and rise one last time before baking. While the dough is resting, yeast ferments it and releases gases, leavening the dough.

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The natural outdoor usage of the wood does not exceed a moisture content of 19% .Hence, it is not a reasonable value.

Given wet weight of wood = 1315.8g

Oven dry weight = 612g

Moisture content MC% = (Wet weight of wood - Weight of Oven dry wood) / Weight of Oven dry wood × 100

(1315.8 - 612) / 612 x 100

= 703.8 / 612 x 100 = 115%

In the normal use, the moisture content of wood varies between 8% and 25% by weight. The natural outdoor usage of wood does not exceed a moisture content of 19%. Hence, it is not a reasonable value.

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The temperature difference between inner and outer surfaces of the glass is 21°C.

What is  coefficient of thermal conductivity?

The thermal conductivity coefficient k is a material parameter depending on temperature, physical properties of the material, water content, and the pressure on the material. The coefficient k is measured in watts per meter Kelvin (or degree) (W/mK).

According to the given question:

Heat generated by bulb in one second, H = 95 W

Radius = 3 cm = 0.03 m, Area = 3.14 x 0.03 x 0.03 = 2.826 x 10^-3 m^2

Thickness, d = 0.5 mm = 0.5 x 10^-3 m

Coefficient of thermal conductivity of glass, K = 0.8 W/mK

Let ΔT be the temperature difference between inner and outer surface.

H = K A ΔT / d

95 = 0.8 x 2.826 x 10^-3 x ΔT / (0.5 x 10^-3)

ΔT = 21 °C

Thus, the temperature difference between the inner and outer surface of the bulb is 21 °C.

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The right answer is true. It is accurate to say that because liquids and solids are almost incompressible, pressure has little impact on their solubility.

We are aware that the concept of compressibility refers to how the study object's qualities can alter simply by applying pressure on it. Whether or not a solid, liquid, or gas can have a solubility that is influenced by the substance's pressure depends on the compressibility factor. We must keep in mind that when we discuss pressure in science, our thoughts must immediately turn to the force per unit area of the substance that is being investigated in each specific example. Because the solid and liquid have a fixed volume while the gas does not, the gas will take on the volume of the container it is carried in, proving that the solid and liquid are less compressible than the gas.

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It is accurate to say that because liquids and solids are nearly incompressible, pressure has minimal impact on their solubility.

Pressure has very little or no impact on how easily particles dissolve in liquid. This is due to the fact that solids and liquids are largely unaffected by changes in pressure due to their incompressibility. The solubility, which depends on gas pressure, is a measurement of the concentration of dissolved gas particles in the liquid. A gas's solubility increases with higher pressure while falling with lower pressure because of an increase in collision frequency. · The solubility of liquids and solids is mostly unaffected by external pressure. The concentration of dissolved gas molecules in the solution at equilibrium is higher at higher pressures because the concentration of molecules in the gas phase rises with increasing pressure.

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Answer:

computer is a device used to make work easy and comfort

when (r)-butan-2-ol is treated with tscl in pyridine, the product formed is the single enantiomer.

When the (r)-butan-2-ol is treated with tscl in pyridine, the product formed is the single enantiomer. the single enantiomer are also called as the single isomers or the stereoisomers.  the enantiomers are the pair of the molecules or compound that will exist in the two forms that are the mirror image of the each other but they are not superimposable mirror to each other. the images which are the superimposable mirror image to each other is called as achiral compound.

Thus, a single enantiomer is formed as the product when the  (r)-butan-2-ol is treated with tscl in pyridine.

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The pH after 0.10 mol NaOH is added is 3.48 and the pH after 0.24 mol HCl is added to the original solution is 3.09 .

HF + H₂O →  KF +H₂O

Moles of HF = 0.60 mol/L × 1 L = 0.60 mol

Moles of KF = 1 mol/L × 1L = 1 mol

When 0.10 mol NaOH added

HF + NaOH →  KF + H₃O⁺

Moles of KF increases = 0.10 + 1 = 1.10 mol

Moles of HF decreases = 0.60 - 0.10 = 0.50 mol

pH = pKₐ + log [tex]\frac{[KF]}{[HF]}[/tex]

pH = - log Kₐ + log [tex]\frac{1.10}{.50}[/tex]

pH = - log (7.2 × 10⁻⁴) + log 2.2

pH = 3.14 + 0.3424

pH = 3.48

When 0.24 mol HCl added

KF + HCl → HF

Moles of KF decreases = 1 - 0.24 = 0.76 mol

Moles of HF increases = 0.60 - 0.24 = 0.36 mol

pH = pKₐ + log [tex]\frac{KF}{HF}[/tex]

pH = 3.14 + log [tex]\frac{0.76}{0.36}[/tex]

pH = 3.14 + 0.045

pH = 3.09

So, When NaOH is added pH = 3.46, When HCl is added pH = 3.09 .

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Answer:

It's a liquid

Explanation:

The (l) is one of the four state symbols. You also have (s) for solid, (g) for gas and (aq) for aqueous - something in a solution. Hope this helps!!

Answer:

liquid

Explanation:

the scientific symbol of liquid is represented by l

The frequency of the photon of the light is 3.3 x 10¹² Hz.

The energy of the photon of light is 2.23 x 10⁻²¹J.

Now, we know, energy associated with the photon is given by the relation,

E = hv

Where,

E is the enrgy of the photon,

h is the Planck's constant,

v is the frequency of the light.

The value of Planck's constant is 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ J/Hz.

Now, putting values,

2.23 x 10⁻²¹J = 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ J/Hz(v)

v = 0.33 x 10¹³ Hz

v = 3.3 x 10¹² Hz.

The frequency of the photon is 3.3 x 10¹² Hz.

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TRUE, In a distillation process the one with the lower boiling point liquid component of the mixture passes through the condenser first

Simple distillation, as opposed to fractional distillation, is used to separate constituents in combinations with extremely different boiling temperatures. Fractional distillation is used for mixes comprising compounds with equivalent boiling points. Equipment for simple distillation consists of a distillation flask connected to a condenser. In contrast, the apparatus used for fractional distillation is the same as that for simple distillation with the exception of the installation of a second fractionating column between the condenser and the distillation flask. Fractional distillation employs a challenging apparatus called a fractionating column. A flask to contain the mixture, a condenser, and a flask to gather the purified components are the only components needed for the setup. Fractional distillation is used in the refinement of crude oil.

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