While you were on safari, your friend got bit on the leg by a posionous snake and nearly died from excessive hemolysis. Being a true scientist, you captured the snake and analyzed its venom to understand why it caused hemolysis. You found thwo enzymes, a protease (breaks down proteins), and a phospholipase. He isolated each of these enzymes and treated red blood cells with them. He found that only phospholipase caused red blood cell lysis. He also found that, after treatment of red blood cells with the phospolipase, there was excess amounts of free phosphophorylcholine (Choline phosphate group) and free diacylglycerol (glycerol with two hydrocarbon tails). 1.) What is the substrate for phospholipase and where does it cleave

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Phospholipase is an enzyme, which is classified into phospholipase A2 and phospholipase A1.

In this case we are talking about phospholipase A2, that is why the sn-2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids will be taken as a substrate, giving fatty acids as a product, such as arachidonic acid.

Explanation:

The glycerophospholipids used by this enzyme are those found in cell membranes, these pathways are usually associated with inflammation pathways for the formation of arachidonic acid that functions as an immunological mediator.

On the other hand, it must be remembered that membrane phospholipids are amphipathic, that is, with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules and are responsible for balancing the internal homeostasis of the intracellular environment.


Related Questions

1. Which of the following things is common to all living organisms? it for a test so I need it quick!

Answers

Answer:

All living organisms share several key characteristics or functions: order, sensitivity or response to the environment, reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing. When viewed together, these characteristics serve to define life.

What did Adam say when he saw Eve

Answers

The man said, “This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called woman, because she was taken out of man.”

How many trophic levels are there in the following food chain?

Grass - Grasshopper - Frog - Snake

Answers

Answer: Four

Fun Fact - Locusts are actually species of short-horned grasshoppers, they often gather in large swarms and can destroy entire fields of crops, because a single grasshopper can eat half its body weight in plants per day.

There are four trophic levels in the given food chain, i.e., producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, and tertiary consumer.

What is a food chain?

A food chain is a network of connections in a food web that begins with producer organisms and ends with a predator, detritivore, or decomposer species.

In the given food chain, grass is produces, grasshopper is primary consumer, frog is secondary consumer, while snake is tertiary consumer.

Thus, there are four trophic levels in the given food chain.

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Is this statement true or false? The period before we have written records is called prehistory. true o false​

Answers

Answer:true

Explanation:

Describe the path of a signal from a neuron's dendrite to a second neuron's dendrite.

Answers

Answer:

Dendrite are short hair like structures originating the periphery of the cytoplasm. Dendrites are either in close contact with other neurons or the stimulus receptor cells.

I would attach a diagram with this note I hope it helps.

Breaks down dead matter that can then be recycled through the ecosystem.

Answers

Answer: Decomposers

Explanation:

Decomposers are organisms that consume dead organisms and other organic waste. They recycle materials from the dead organisms and waste back into the ecosystem. ... The remains of dead plants are consumed by organisms called detritivores.

What types of cells contain a cell
wall?

Answers

Answer:

Plant cell

Explanation:

Cell wall only in plant cells

SpongeBob loves to garden and wants to grow lots of pink flowers for his pal Sandy. He bought a special Flower Power fertilizer to see if it will help plants produce more flowers. He plants two plants of the same size in separate containers with the same amount of potting soil. The places one plant in a sunny window and waters it every day giving it fertilizer each day. He places the other plant on a shelf in a closet and waters it every day but does not give it any fertilizer. The plant in the sunny window ended up producing many more flowers than did the plant in the closet. Should SpongeBob conclude that giving Flower Power fertilizer to plants will cause the plant to produce more flowers

Answers

Answer:

No

Explanation:

It would be wrong for SpongeBob to conclude that giving flower power fertilizer helps the plant to produce more flowers based on the experimental design.

There are fundamental flaws in the experimental design that could make the conclusion to be wrong:

The two plants were not subjected to the same conditionsThe sample size is too small

In order to investigate if the flower power fertilizer has the capacity to help the plant to produce more flowers, the two plants used should have been subjected to the same conditions barring only the fertilization application. Whatever difference that is observed in the number of flowers produced can then be attributed to the fertilizer.

Also, the number of plants for each group (with and without fertilizer) is too small to arrive at a reliable conclusion. In scientific investigations, replicating measurements increases the statistical power of the resulting data and raises the reliability of the conclusion.

Describe one reason why the solvent property of water is so important for living organisms (nature).

Answers

Answer:

Water is known as a universal solvent as it allows for lots of salts and gases to dissolve in it. Water is found between living tissues. This helps for vitamins, minerals and gases to dissolve in the cell. Because of this, the cell lives as it gets glucose and oxygen needed for respiration(to produce energy) .

Also water helps in transport of substances around the body.

The solvent property of water is very important for living organism due to its  high dissolving power.

The solvent property of water is very important for living organisms because water dissolve large number of solutes in it and helps in the transportation from one place to another.  Water is a polar substance which dissolves polar solutes in itself.

Water dissolve nutrients in itself and transport to the regions where it needed the most so we can say that the solvent property of water helps in the transportation of nutrients and other substance in the body of organisms.

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The element phosporus is located to the right of the element magnesium along the same period in the periodic table.
Which best describes the relationship of the elements ?
A. Magnesium has a larger atomic number
Answer: B. Phosphorus has a larger atomic mass.
C. Magnesium is in the same category as phosphorus
D. Phosphorus has similar chemical properties as magnesium

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

The relationship which describes the best of the element"B. Phosphorus has a larger atomic mass."The correct option is B.

Atomic mass:

Atomic mass refers to the combined mass of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom.

The periodic table arranges elements in order of increasing atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

Elements in the same period (horizontal row) have the same number of electron shells, while elements in the same group or column have similar chemical properties.Phosphorus is located to the right of magnesium along the same period, indicating that it has a larger atomic number (more protons) than magnesium.Phosphorus has a larger atomic mass, while magnesium has a smaller atomic mass compared to phosphorus.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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*
4. What are the only prokaryotes?

Answers

Answer:

Bacteria is the only prokaryotes.

Some cynobacteria are also included in prokaryotes.

Bacteria is mainly the only one

why is carbon the most versatile element in living organisms?

Answers

Answer:

Because it has four electrons in its second orbital, which can accommodate eight, carbon can combine in many different ways, and it can form very large molecules. Carbon bonds are strong and can stay together in water. Carbon is such a versatile element that almost 10 million different carbon compounds exist.

How are you doing? Thank you for helping others. :)

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Fine, I believe. You're very much welcome...

How are soil and plant taxonomy the same

Answers

They are both used to benefits plants growth process.

1. A bacteria cell that divides to create two exact copies of itself is an
example of
A. sexual reproduction
B. homeostasis
c. asexual reproduction
D. DNA replication

Answers

Answer:

Asexual Reproduction

Explanation:

As the bacteria cell is dividing on its own to create more bacteria, it is performing asexual reproduction as it is not reproducing with a secondary bacteria cell.

Asexual reproduction is the process by which a bacteria cell that divides to create two exact copies of itself.  Thus option C is correct.

What is bacterial cell division ?

Bacteria reproduce by the process of asexual reproduction which is mainly binary fission, where the offspring produced from parent are  similar.

In this process parent cell is undergo division and separated into two new daughter cells. Each daughter cell get one copy of its parent DNA.

No spindle apparatus formation occur in binary Fission. In this process, the DNA molecule undergo replication and attaches each copy to various parts of the cell membrane

For example, Prokaryotes like  E. coli, Archaea and some eukaryotes like euglena reproduce through binary fission.

The advantage of binary fission is very fast and it requires single organism or parent.

Thus option C is correct.

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The part of the gene that is designated as 1 is also known as:________.

Answers

Answer:

Immune or sensory genes.

Explanation:

The part of genes designated as part 1 Gene is refer to immune or sensory genes because these part of gene play a vital role in immune response or sensory signals of the cell.

The part of genes have the same Expression level and different copy number variable region.

atmosphere is a mixture of two things

Answers

Answer: yes

Explanation:

It's a mixture of different gases. The air in Earth's atmosphere is made up of approximately 78 percent nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen. Air also has small amounts of lots of other gases, too, such as carbon dioxide, neon, and hydrogen.

Lysosomes contain enzymes that are necessary for what?

Answers

Answer:

They break down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Explanation:

Answer:

breaking down of food

Explanation:

Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?

Answers

Answer: The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are guanine, adenine, cytosine and thymine; in RNA, uracil is used in place of thymine.

Explanation:

Hopefully this helps you.

Explain the need for a reference point when describing the direction of motion

Answers

Answer:

It is important as it tells if the object is stationary or in motion

Explanation:

application of genetics in to legal applications

Answers

Answer:

i cant understand your question define briefly

Explanation:

Genetics are used in legal, criminal cases in order to either prove the guilt or innocence of a particular person. DNA is left at crime scenes that can then be found and tested against people. Genetics might also be used in order to help prove an insanity plea (for example, if the person has a family history of disorders. That's something that can be found with DNA).

Which molecule has the lowest potential chemical energy?

Answers

Answer:

i have the same question too?

Explanation:

Chemical potential energy is defined as the energy present or stored in the chemical bonds of a substance. The decreasing order of the molecules with chemical potential energy is solid, liquid, and gas.

The correct answer is:

Option B. Carbon dioxide

The chemical potential energy can be explained as:

1. ATP and NADH are the energy currency of the cells, such that these molecules yield energy when the bonds are broken down.

2. Glucose is a solid compound that will have a high chemical potential energy as compared to carbon dioxide.

3. Carbon dioxide is a gaseous compound that will have the least chemical potential energy as compared to ATP, NADH, and glucose.

Thus, carbon dioxide will have the least potential chemical energy.

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what are 3 ways your skin protects you

Answers

Answer:

The skin protects us from microbes and the elements, helps regulate body temperature, and permits the sensations of touch, heat, and cold.

Under which circumstance does Mendel’s principle of independent assortment hold? a. only when there is crossing over b. only when traits are tightly linked (close together) on the same chromosome c. only when traits are on different chromosomes d. only when the traits are not influenced by selection

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Mendel's principle of independent assortment holds only when traits are on different chromosomes.

The independent assortment principle states that genes assort independently of one another. In order words, traits are independently inherited by offspring from parents. For example, the trait for eye color is independently inherited from skin color, height is independently inherited from feet size, and etc.

This principle only holds true when genes are located far away from one another on the same chromosome or when they are on different chromosomes entirely. Once genes are close to one another on the same chromosome, they become linked together and no longer independently inherited.

The correct option is c.

How do your interactions
with nonliving systems affect your
environment?

Answers

Explanation:

Interactions between different organisms are numerous and are usually described according to their positive (beneficial), negative or neutral effect on others.

The interactions between living things and their non living environment makes up a total ecosystem; understanding any one part of it requires knowledge of how that part interacts with the others. Ecosystems do not ‘collapse’ but do change in function, structure and composition over time due to natural or human disturbance (examples include the impact of drought, flooding, mowing and herbicides).

Researchers propose a model to explain variation in phytoplankton cell sizes in a marine environment. They base their model on the idea that smaller cells absorb nutrients more efficiently. The researchers predict that the mean diameter of phytoplankton cells will change by 50 micrometers for every 5-kilometer increase in distance from the shore because of a gradual decrease in nutrient availability. To test their model, the researchers determine that the phytoplankton cells found closest to shore have a mean diameter of 900 micrometers. Based on the model, what will be the mean diameter of the phytoplankton cells that are found 25 kilometers from shore?

Answers

The mean diameter of  phytoplankton cell is 650 micrometers at a distance of 25 kilometers from the sea shore.

The mean diameter of  phytoplankton cell is 650 micrometers because at every 5 kilometers, decrease occur in the diameter of phytoplankton cell about 50 micrometers and we know that the the diameter of phytoplankton cell is 900 micrometers so for 25 kilometers there is 250 micrometers decrease occur in the diameter of phytoplankton cell.

So this 250 micrometers are substracted from 900 micrometers we get 650 micrometers. So we can say that the mean diameter of  phytoplankton cell is 650 micrometers at 25 kilometers distance from the sea shore.

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What is the molecular weight of 1 mole of NaCl where the atomic mass of Na = 23 and Cl = 35.4?

Answers

60.4 is the answer I think

Give one similarity and one difference between the cell theory and the theory of
spontaneous generation.

Answers

Answer:

The fact that only cells are able to produce more cells is part of cell theory. The idea that organisms can develop independently of cells is called spontaneous generation, and it isn't supported by cell theory. Spontaneous generation suggests that living organisms develop from non-living matter.

the disease erythroblastosis fetalis (also called hemolytic disease of the newborn) develops in a fetus or a newborn infant with Rh-positive blood and an Rh-negative mother. Symptoms results when maternal anti-Rh antibodies cross the placenta and interact with the fetus' erythrocytes. Why are the children of Rh-positive mothers not ay risk for this disease

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Hemolytic Disease of the newborn (HDN, Erythroblastosis Fetalis) is a blood disorder occurring at or around birth, where the blood groups of the mother and baby are not compatible. It occurs when the antibodies from a Rhesus negative (Rh-negative) mother, who has been sensitized from previous pregnancies or other means (transfusion etc), gives birth to an Rh-positive baby, and the blood of the mother and the baby eventually mixes. This causes the anti-Rhesus antibodies in the mother's blood to attack the Rhesus antigen (Also Called Anti-D antigen) on the baby's red blood cells, causing hemolysis that leads to several unpleasant symptoms.

Children of Rh-positive mothers are not at risk of developing HDN, because the mother does not produce anti-Rh antibodies since she is positive, hence there will be no antibodies to cross the placenta and react with the baby's rhesus antigens for Rh-positive babies.

The outer structure of the neuron is made of a

Answers

a semipermeable membrane

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In the reaction between Li and O, there is a transfer of electrons making an ionic bond. In the bond, lithium would be a (n) because it an electron, and oxygen would be an) because it electrons. O A anion, loses, cation, gains B cation, gains, anion, loses Oc cation, loses, anion, gains O D anion, gains, cation, loses INTL 5 A group of procedures and practices that work together to prevent foodborne illness is an)A critical point systemB monitoring procedureC food safety management systemD integrated pest management system In a water molecule, shared electrons spend more timearound the oxygen atom than the hydrogen atoms. As aresult, the oxygen atom isslightly negative. very negative.slightly positive. very positive Collective nouns are generally classified as which of the following?A. singularB. abstractC. complexD. compoundE. proper Simplify fraction 4/28 and 24/80 USE ESTIMATION Mr. Lycan is considering buying clay from two art supply companies. Company A sells 50-pound containers of clay for $24, plus $42 to ship the total order. Company B sells the same clay for $28, plus $25 to ship the total order.Formatcompany A: y = ( ) x + ( )Company B: y = ( ) x + ( ) According to Enlightenment thinkers, which of the following would be the best way for a government to maintain legitimacy?O By passing popular lawsO By providing for regular elections.O By allowing all citizens to run for office and vote.O By seeking the participation and consent of the governed The variable y varies directly with the variable x.y231015If the value of x is 14, what is the value of y? PLZ NEED HELP A crate of bananas has a mass of 674.8 dekagrams. What is the mass of the crate of bananas in centigrams? Use the metric table to help answer the question.Metric Tablekilo-hecto-deka-unitdeci-centi-milli-1,0001001010.10.010.001a.0.6748 centigramsb.6.748 centigramsc.67,480 centigramsd.674,800 centigrams There are 61 centimetres of liquorice to be shared equally among 7 people. What length of liquorice will each person get? Why is government necessary for a state ?Please tell me PLS HELP A student has four snails, four sprigs of Elodea, eight test tubes of bromothymol blue, and two rooms (light and dark). The student wants to know what gases are produced by the snails and Elodea in light and dark conditions. Assuming the student only has time for one experiment, what setup will yield the most complete data? All test tubes contain bromothymol blue. Experiment 1: Light room with test tubes A to D. A contains 1 snail. B contains Elodea. C is empty. D contains 1 snail and Elodea. Dark room with test tubes E to H. E contains 1 snail. F contains Elodea. G is empty. H contains 1 snail and Elodea. Experiment 2: Light room with test tubes A to D. Each test tube contains 1 snail. Dark room with test tubes E to H. Each test tube contains Elodea. Experiment 3: Light room with test tubes A to D. Each test tube contains 1 snail and Elodea. Dark room with test tubes E to H. Each test tube is empty. Experiment 4: Light room with test tubes A to D. A contains 2 snails and Elodea. B contains 1 snail. C and D are empty. Dark room with test tubes E to H. E contains Elodea. F contains 1 snail and Elodea. G and H are empty. a. Experiment 1 b. Experiment 2 c. Experiment 3 d. Experiment 4 Solve the equation and find the value of x. 10(x + 3) - (-9x - 4) = x - 5+ 3Your answer If the current delivered in a battery is 1.2 A and the power required for the light is 0.2W, How many volts this power need to be what steps were taken during reconstruction to rebuild the south and preserve the rights of African Americabe 4. Why is it easier for you to slide on a carpet when wearing socks, as opposed to sneakers? Help me on this please hey, can someone plz help me. The area of Gateway National Recreation is about twenty-six thousand, six hundred and sixty-three hundredths. Which shows this number in standard form? 16x + 2714x 4525x