The synthesis of cyclopentyl ethyl ether, a combination of bromocyclopentane and sodium ethoxide (option a) or ethanol and bromocyclopentane (option c) can be used as reaction conditions.
What is synthesis?Synthesis is the process of combining multiple sources of information to create a unique idea or perspective. It involves taking a variety of ideas and combining them together to form a new, unique thought or opinion. Synthesis is often used in research papers and essays to develop a deeper understanding of a given topic. It allows readers to draw their own conclusions by looking at the various sources of information and forming their own opinion. Synthesis is an important skill to have in order to be able to think critically, analyze information, and form new ideas.
The Williamson Ether Synthesis (WES) is a method for synthesizing ethers from alcohols and alkyl halides. The reaction involves deprotonation of the alcohol with a base such as sodium ethoxide to form an alkoxide, followed by reaction with the alkyl halide.
For the synthesis of cyclopentyl ethyl ether, a combination of bromocyclopentane and sodium ethoxide (option a) or ethanol and bromocyclopentane (option c) can be used as reaction conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is (d) both a and c.
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the ph of a 7.50 x 10-2 m, 0.250 l aqueous solution of a weak monoprotic base is 10.5 . what is the value of the pkb of the base?
The pKb of the weak monoprotic base given in the question is approximately 12.32.
To find the pKb of the weak monoprotic base, you can use the equation for the ionization of a weak base: B + H2O <-> BH+ + OH- where B is the base and BH+ is the conjugate acid of the base. The pKb of the base is related to the equilibrium constant for this reaction (Kb) by the equation: pKb = -log(Kb) In this case, the concentration of the base (B) is given as 7.50 x 10^-2 M, and the pH of the solution is given as 10.5. The pH of the solution is related to the concentration of OH- ions by the equation: pH = 14 – pOH where pOH is the negative logarithm of the concentration of OH- ions. Therefore, the concentration of OH- ions in the solution is: [OH-] = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-10.5) = 3.16 x 10^-11 M Using the equilibrium constant expression for the ionization of a weak base: Kb = [BH+][OH-] / [B] you can solve for Kb by substituting the given values for [BH+], [OH-], and [B]: Kb = [BH+][OH-] / [B] = (7.50 x 10^-2 M)(3.16 x 10^-11 M) / (0.250 L) = 4.80 x 10^-13 Finally, you can use the equation pKb = -log(Kb) to solve for the pKb of the base: pKb = -log(Kb) = -log(4.80 x 10^-13) = 12.32 Therefore, the pKb of the base is approximately 12.32.
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3. Which of the following is a reasonable ground-state electron configuration? (2 points
O1s²1p62s²2p63s²
O1s²2s²2p63s²3p64s²4d8
O1s²2s²2p63p6
O1s²2s²2p63s¹
a mixture of 5.00 moles of neon and 3.00 moles of nitrogen occupy a volume of 36.0 l in a vessel where the total pressure is 6.00 atm. what is the partial pressure of the neon in the container?
The partial pressure of the neon that is contained in a container is 3.75 atm.
The given parameters are written as follows:
No. of moles of Ne , n = 5 mol
No. of moles of N2 , n' = 3 mol
Total pressure , P = 6 atm
The mole fraction of any component of a mixture is the ratio of the number of moles of that substance to the total number of moles of all substances present. In a mixture of gases, the partial pressure of each gas is the product of the total pressure and the mole fraction of that gas.
Mole fraction of Ne , X = n / (n+n' )
= 0.625
Mole fraction of N2 , X' = n' / (n+n' )
= 0.375
Partial pressure of Ne , p = X * P
= 0.625 * 6
= 3.75 atm
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what volume of oxygen gas is required to completely combust 1.0L of propane at stp
Answer:
2.0 liters of oxygen gas.
Explanation:
To determine the volume of oxygen gas required to completely combust a given amount of propane, we need to know the chemical equation for the combustion of propane. The combustion of propane can be represented by the following equation:
Propane + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water
According to the balanced chemical equation, it takes two molecules of oxygen gas to completely combust one molecule of propane. Therefore, to completely combust 1.0 liters of propane at standard temperature and pressure (STP), we would need 2.0 liters of oxygen gas.
an unknown radioactive sample is observed to decrease in activity by a factor of four in a three-hour period. what is its half-life (in minutes) ?
Analyze radioactive decay with the half-life calculator.
In minutes, how long is the half-life?The half-life sign is t12. For instance, if 100 mg of a medication with a 60-minute half-life is consumed, the following is projected to occur: 50 mg remain 60 minutes after injection. After 120 minutes of ingestion, 25mg is still active.
Minutes or seconds make up the half-life?Ordinarily, seconds are the unit. But it largely depends on the circumstance. If uranium-238 is brought up, you will be discussing a half life measured in the billions of years. In contrast, the half-life of a muon will be measured in seconds or microseconds.
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calculate the number of moles in 17.8 g of the antacid magnesium hydroxide, mg(oh)2.
The number of moles in 17.9 g of mg(oh)2 is 0.305 mol
The number of moles of a substance can be determined by taking the ratio of the given mass and the molar mass of that substance. The mathematical expression to calculate the number of moles is as follows
number of moles is the ratio of given mass by molar mass
Number of moles= [tex]\frac{Given \mass\ (g)}{Molar\ mass\ (g/mol)}[/tex] ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅(1)
The given mass of antacid magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) is 17.8 g.
The molar mass of Mg(OH)2 is 58.3197 g/mol.
Now , substitute these values in equation (1) to get the number of moles of antacid magnesium hydroxide as follows:
Number of moles = [tex]\frac{17.8\ moles}{58.3197\ g/mol}[/tex]
=>0.305 mol
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When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECG, the "LL" and "RL" electrodes should be placed:
Select one:
A. on the lower abdomen.
B. anywhere on the arms.
C. on the thighs or ankles.
D. on either side of the chest.
Option - C : Doctors use an ECG to check the functioning of the heart.When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECG, the "LL" and "RL" electrodes should be placed on the thighs or ankles.
The 12-lead ECG is a non-invasive but extremely valuable diagnostic tool that records the electrical activity of the heart as waveforms.
An ECG, when properly interpreted, can detect and monitor a wide range of heart conditions, from arrhythmias to coronary heart disease to electrolyte imbalance.
Huge advances in the recording and interpretation of ECG have been made since the first telecardiogram was recorded in 1903. The 12-lead ECG is still used as a standard diagnostic tool by paramedics, EMTs, and hospital personnel today. A 12-lead ECG provides a comprehensive picture of the heart's electrical activity by recording data from 12 different angles. Consider the ECG interpretation to be 12 different points of view on an object woven together to create a cohesive story.
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a compound that you are studying, called remerol, is soluble in hexane but not in water. would you predict that remoral is polar or nonpolar
You are researching a substance called remerol, which dissolves in hexane but not in water. Non-polarity is remerol.
Because it dissolves in hexane, a nonpolar solvent, but not in the water, remerol is nonpolar (a polar solvent).
Polar breaks down polar. Similar to this, neither polar nor non-polar will dissolve the other. Hexane's structure consists only of carbon-hydrogen bonds since both carbon and hydrogen have nearly identical electronegativities. Water is actually quite polar, whereas hexane is incredibly non-polar. We can therefore conclude that remerol is non-polar if we are not soluble in polar. If we are non-polar and soluble, it follows that morality is also non-polar. There are therefore only two possibilities: either it is non-polar because it dissolves in hexane, a polar solvent but not in the water, or it is a non-polar solvent. Because hexane is a non-polar solvent, that is illogical. Let's examine the alternate hypothesis. It is true that remerol is non-polar because it dissolves in hexane, which is a non-polar solvent, but not in water, which is a polar solvent.
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If 50 g of potassium nirate is added to 100 g of water at 30degreet celcius how many gram of potassium nirate will not dissolve
If 50 g of potassium nitrate is added to 100 g of water at 30 degrees Celcius, 30 gram of potassium nitrate will not dissolve.
What is a solubility curve?A solubility curve is a curve that is produced when the amount of solute that dissolves in a given volume of solvent is plotted against the temperature of the solution formed.
A solubility curve can be used to predict the amount of a given solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature.
The solubility curve of potassium nitrate is shown in the attachment.
At 30°C, the solubility of potassium nitrate is 20 g/100 g of water.
Hence, the amount of potassium nitrate that will remain undissolved when 50 g of it is added to 100 g of water at 30°C will be:
Amount left undissolved = 50 - 20 g
Amount left undissolved = 30
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how much energy is required to take a 15.0-g sample of ice at −15.0 °c to liquid water at 45.0 °c?
Answer: 330.7 jule energy
Which material is the limiting
ingredient if you have 4 pieces
of sourdough bread, 2
tablespoons of unsalted
butter, 1.0 tablespoon of
mayonnaise, and 3 slices of
cheddar cheese?
SOMEBODY PLEASE HELP AND EXPLAIN!!
Answer: The limiting ingredient is cheddar cheese. You only have 3 slices and that is not enough to make 4 sandwiches. Therefore, cheddar cheese is the limiting ingredient as you cannot make any more sandwiches without it.
P.S Please hit like button.
Answer:
mayonaise
Explanation:
The ion that controls the widest variety of intracellular activities is __________.
A) potassium
B) sodium
C) chloride
D) calcium
Answer:
D)Calcium
Hope it help and is this the master A&P chapter 6?
when 1.25 g of ca(s) reacts with excess cl2(g) in this reaction, the heat released is sufficient to warm up 150. g of water from 20.0 oc to 59.5 oc. the specific heat capacity of water
The Enthalpy of the reaction ΔHrxn is calculated - 794 KJ.
Reaction :
Ca(s) + Cl₂(g) → CaCl₂(s)
Mole of Ca = Mass of Ca / Molar mass of Ca
Where, Mass of Ca = 1.25 g
Molar mass of Ca = 40.08 g/mol
Mole of Ca = [tex]\frac{1.25 g}{40.08 g/mol}[/tex] = 0.0311876 mol
Now, Mass of water, m = 150 g
Initial temperature of water, T₁ = 20.0°C
Final temperature of water, T₂ = 53.5°C
ΔT = T₂ - T₁
ΔT = 53.5 - 20
ΔT = 35.5°C
Specific heat capacity of water, Cp(H₂O)
Cp(H₂O) = 4.18 J/g · °C
We have, heat absorbed by water (q)
q = m · Cp(H₂O) · ΔT
q = 150 g × 4.18 J/g·°C × 35.5 °C
q = 24766.5 J
q = 24.7665 KJ
∴ Heat absorbed by water = 24.7665 KJ
Now, this heat is released by 1.25 g (0.0311876 mol) of Ca.
Using unitary method :
0.0311876 mol of Ca released 24.7665 KJ heat
∴ 1 mol of Ca released (?) heat
= [tex]\frac{24.7665}{0.0311876}[/tex] = 754.11 KJ heat released by 1 mol of Ca
Therefore, Enthalpy of the reaction,
ΔHrxn = - 794 KJ (here, minus sign indicates heat is released)
Therefore, the Enthalpy of the reaction ΔHrxn is calculated - 794 KJ.
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What fundamental force is responsible for holding together the subatomic particles of an atomic nucleus?
The neutrons and protons in atoms' nuclei are held together by an extremely potent, appealing short-range (10–15 m) force called the strong nuclear force.
How do nuclear forces work?The forces that occur between two or so more nucleons are referred to as nuclear forces, nuclear interactions, or strong forces. In atomic nuclei, they link protons and neutrons, or "nucleons." The chemical bond that holds atoms in molecules together is about ten billion times weaker than the nuclear force.
What two nuclear forces are there?Positive-charged protons and straightforwardly charged neutrons are created when the strong nuclear force brings together both positively and negatively quarks. In the atomic nucleus, protons and neutrons are also held together by the strong nuclear force. Complex atoms were made possible by the weak nuclear force.
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a 6.00-cm-diameter sphere with a mass of 89.3 g is neutrally buoyant in a liquid.
A 6.00-cm-diameter sphere with a mass of 89.3 g is neutrally buoyant in a liquid will be 5358 n.
The propensity of an element to float in such a fluid is known as buoyancy. The buoyant force is an upward force that all liquids as well as gases in the absence of gravity apply to any object submerged in them.
the formula Fb=Vg to determine the buoyant force. F b = dV g, where F b is still the buoyant force expressed in Newtons, would be the fluid density expressed in kilograms per cubic metre, V is the volume of the displaced fluid expressed in cubic meters, and g would be the acceleration brought on by gravity.
Put the values in formula:
F b = dV g,
Fd = 6.00-cm × 89.3 g × 10
Fd = 5358 n
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Which statement best describes inorganic compound?
A. Inorganic compounds are compounds do that not contain carbon and hydrogen.
B. Inorganic compounds are compounds that do not contain carbon atoms only.
C. Inorganic compounds are compounds that produced by living things.
D. Inorganic compounds are compounds that contain carbon and oxygen only.
Chemical combination of two or more atoms that form a specific chemical compound is called: ____________
Chemical combination of two or more atoms that form a specific chemical compound is called Molecule.
molecule is two or even more atoms posted a link together through synthetic bonds that create the initial volume of a material that retains its properties and composition. Chemistry is constructed on molecules. Molecules are recognised by the component symbol and a subscript indicating the number of atoms. A substance created by the synthetic union of two or more distinct elements. Water (H2O), which is made from the elements hydrogen and oxygen, and table salt (NaCl), which is decided to make from the elements sodium and chloride, are two examples of compounds.
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what is the ph of a buffer solution that is 0.266 m in lactic acid and 0.111 m in sodium lactate? the ka of lactic acid is 1.4 x 10^-4.
3.38 is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.266 m in lactic acid and 0.111 m in sodium lactate. The ka of lactic acid is 1.4 x 10^-4.
To determine the pH of a buffer solution, you will need to use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which is:
pH = pK + log ([salt]/[acid])
where pK is the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of the acid, [salt] is the concentration of the salt, and [acid] is the concentration of the acid. In this case, the Ka of lactic acid is 1.4 x 10^-4, the concentration of the salt (sodium lactate) is 0.111 M, and the concentration of the acid (lactic acid) is 0.266 M.
Putting values into the equation, we get:
pH = -log(1.4 x 10^-4) + log(0.111/0.266)
= 3.85 + (-0.47)
= 3.38
So, the pH of the buffer solution is approximately 3.38.
It's important to note that this equation is only valid for buffer solutions that are in the region of their pK. If the pH of the solution is far from the pK, the buffer may not work as effectively. Additionally, this equation assumes that the concentration of the salt and acid are equal, which may not always be the case in real-world situations. In such cases, it may be necessary to use more complex calculations to accurately determine the pH of the buffer solution.
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a copper wire dipped in a solution containing ag(cn)− 2 ions acquires a silver coating because
ANSWER:-
2Ag(aq)++Cu(s)→2Ag(s)+Cu(aq)+2
The copper wire dipped in the solution acquires a silver coating because b. Ag+ oxidizes Cu to Cu2+ C u 2 + . This is because, according to the reactivity series of metals, copper is a more reactive metal compared to silver.
Explanation:
i hope this helps
What separates lipids from the other 3 organic molecules?
Proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides are examples of biopolymers; lipids are not. They don't contain repeated monomer units. Since lipids are mostly composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, they are typically nonpolar. Their structures might also contain phosphate, oxygen, or nitrogen atoms.
How do the other three macromolecules compare to lipids?
Lipids. Lipids don't form long sequences made up of identical or repeating smaller units, unlike the other macromolecules, and they are not soluble in water. The fats you eat are triglyceride molecules, which are made up of three fatty acids bound to a glycerol.
What distinguishes lipids from the other three classes?
Lipids, which are shorter than the other three and have a higher energy content, are not polymers. Our cell membrane contains a number of crucial lipids. Additionally, lipids have a higher energy density per gram than carbohydrates, yet carbohydrates are easier to digest and release energy from than lipids.
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A sample of element x contains 90 percent 35x atoms, 8. 0 percent 37x atoms, and 2. 0 percent 38x atoms. What is the average atomic mass, in amu?.
Average atomic mass of X is 35.22 amu
What will be the average atomic mass?
The average atomic mass of X will be closer to 35
Let Isotope X³⁵ be A
Let Isotope X³⁷ be B
Let Isotope X³⁸ be C
According to the given question:
The average atomic mass of X can be obtained as follow:
For isotope A (X³⁵):
Mass of A = 35 amu
Abundance of A (A%) = 90%
For isotope B (X³⁷):
Mass of B = 37 amu
Abundance of B (B%) = 8%
For isotope C (X³⁸):
Mass of C = 38 amu
Abundance of C (C%) = 2%
Atomic mass of X =?
Atomic mass = [(mass of A × A%)/100] + [(mass of B × B%)/100] + [(mass of C × C%)/100]
= [(35 × 90)/100] + [(37 × 8)/100] + [(38 × 2)/100]
= 31.5 + 2.96 + 0.76
Average atomic mass of X = 35.22 amu
Therefore, average atomic mass of X will be closer to 35
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Which of the following is an example of a hydrogen bond?
A. The bond between C and H in methane (CH4)
B. The bond between Na and Cl in salt
C. The bond between two hydrogen atoms (H2)
D. The bond between the H of one water molecule and the O of another water molecule
E. The bond between Mg and Cl in MgCl2
what compound results when 1-butanol is treated with p/i2? group of answer choices ch3ch2ch2ch2pi2 ch3ch2ch2ch2op(oh)2 primary alcohols don't react with p/i2. racemic ch3ch2chich3 ch3ch2ch2ch2i
When 1-butanol is reacted with p/i2, the resulting molecule is ch3ch2ch2ch2i.
A metabolite generated or discovered in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1-butanol. A hydroxy group is swapped for hydrogen of one of the methyl groups in the primary alcohol known as butane-1-ol, which is butane. It is created by gut microorganisms in humans at tiny levels. It functions as a protic solvent as well as a human and mouse metabolite. It is a short-chain primary fatty alcohol, a primary alcohol, and an alkyl alcohol. A clear liquid, n-butyl alcohol has no color. Utilized in the production of organic chemicals, plasticizers, detergents, etc.
As a result, choice E is the right response.
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when calculating losses and gains in the chemical composition of fresh rock vs. weathered rock, we chose to keep al2o3 constant between the samples. why do geochemists choose al2o3?
Al₂O₃ is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories.
Aluminium oxide is used for its hardness and strength. It is widely used as an abrasive, including as a much less expensive substitute for industrial diamond. Many types of sandpaper use aluminium oxide crystals.
Aluminium is a chemical element having the atomic number 13, and chemical symbol Al. Alumina is a chemical compound having the chemical formula Al₂O₃. Therefore, the key difference between aluminium and alumina is that the aluminum is a chemical element, and alumina is an aluminium containing compound.
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Consider this structural formula: ^
How many carbon atoms does the molecule have?
Answer: 3
Explanation:
trust
in an experiment, scientists will sometimes test a substance even though they know that it will produce an expected reaction. this is known as the
According to the question, this is known as the positive control experiment when Sometimes, even knowing that a chemical reaction would have the desired effect, scientists will nevertheless test it.
What does the chemical term "reaction" mean?Chemical processes occur when atoms form or break chemical bonds. The molecules that start a chemical reaction are known as reactants, and the substances that are generated as a result of a reaction are known as products.
Why is it crucial to regulate chemical reactions?To produce designer chemical conversion products and to stop the decomposition and isomerization of valuable compounds, chemical reactions must be controlled "The capability of the reactant molecules to migrate through to the solvent and come into contact with one another controls the rate in a diffusion-controlled reaction. The capacity of the reactants that have come into contact to obtain sufficient energy to react regulates the rate of an activation-controlled reaction."
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How many moles of PbCl2 are produced when 16 moles AlCl3 are consumed? 3Pb(NO3)2 + 2AICI3 → 3PbCl2 + 2A1(NO3)3 [?] mol PbCl₂
Answer: the number of moles of PbCl2 produced when 16 moles of AlCl3 are consumed is 24 moles.
Explanation: To determine the number of moles of PbCl2 that are produced when 16 moles of AlCl3 are consumed, you will need to balance the chemical equation and use the coefficients in front of each compound to determine the mole ratio.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
3Pb(NO3)2 + 2AlCl3 → 3PbCl2 + 2Al(NO3)3
Once the equation is balanced, you can use the coefficients in front of each compound to determine the mole ratio. In this case, the coefficient for PbCl2 is 3, and the coefficient for AlCl3 is 2, which means that there is a 3:2 mole ratio between these two compounds. This means that for every 2 moles of AlCl3 that are consumed, 3 moles of PbCl2 are produced.
To calculate the number of moles of PbCl2 produced when 16 moles of AlCl3 are consumed, you can divide the number of moles of AlCl3 by the mole ratio:
moles PbCl2 = 16 moles AlCl3 / (3 moles PbCl2 / 2 moles AlCl3)
= 16 moles AlCl3 / (3/2)
= 24 moles PbCl2
if the temperature is kept at the value found in part (a) and the gas is compressed, what is the volume when the pressure again becomes 5.00 atm ?
The volume when the pressure increases back to 5.00 atm will be 0.100 L.
What is pressure?Pressure is a physical force exerted on a surface by the application of another force. It can be measured in terms of force per unit area and is usually expressed in terms of the pascal (Pa). Pressure can be caused by gravity, air, water, or other physical substances. Pressure can be used to create motion or to control the flow of a liquid or gas. It is also used in engineering, manufacturing, and other applications. Pressure can be used to measure the amount of energy stored in a system, such as in a pressure cooker. Pressure is also used in medical and scientific applications, such as measuring blood pressure and measuring atmospheric pressure.
This is because the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. Therefore, when the pressure increases, the volume decreases. In this case, the initial pressure was 1.00 atm and the initial volume was 1.00 L. Since the pressure doubled to 5.00 atm, the volume must be halved to 0.100 L.
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the physical state of a reactant or product will affect the enthalpy of reaction in a thermochemical equation. t or f
The given statement "the physical state of a reactant or product will affect the enthalpy of reaction in a thermochemical equation," is false.
The heat of reaction is influenced by the physical state of the reactants and products.
What is thermochemical equation?The term "thermochemical equation" refers to a balanced chemical equation that not only specifies the quantities of the various reactants and products but also the quantity of heat generated or absorbed.
A thermochemical equation may be written using fractional coefficients.
H2 ( g ) + ½ O2 ( g ) ⇒H2O ( l ) +285.8 KJ mol-1
H2 ( g ) + ½ O2 ( g ) ⇒ H2O ( l ) ΔH = – 285.8 KJ mol-1
When 1 mole of hydrogen and 0.5 mole of oxygen react, 285.8 KJ mol-1 of heat is produced. The heat generated will also double if the reactant amounts are doubled.
2H2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) → 2 H2O ( l ) + 571.6 KJ mol-1
2H2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) → 2H2O ( l ) ,ΔH = – 571.6 KJ mol-1
What is the Heat of reaction (reaction enthalpy, or reaction enthalpy change)?The heat of reaction, enthalpy of reaction, or enthalpy change of reaction is the quantity of heat that is evolved or absorbed in a chemical reaction once the number of moles of reactants as represented by the chemical equation have completely reacted.
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explain the differences between a structural formula, a condensed structural formula, a carbon skeleton formula, a ball-and-stick model, and a space-filling model.
A structural formula depicts the bonds between the atoms using lines. Most or all of the bonds are omitted in a condensed structural formula. A structural formula identifies the atoms in a molecule. It also demonstrates how they are related to one another.
A condensed structural formula is a method of writing organic structures so that they can be typed in a single line of text.It depicts all atoms but excludes vertical bonds and most or all horizontal bonds.Parentheses in a condensed structural formula indicate that polyatomic groups within a formula are attached to the nearest non-hydrogen atom on the left.
A carbon skeleton can be made up entirely of carbon-hydrogen bonds, as in propane: Propane is made up of three carbon atoms that are held together by single bonds. Propane's chemical formula is C3H8 C 3 H 8. There are four types of carbon skeletons. Skeletons are commonly found as branched, straight chain, or rings. Carbon skeletons can be drawn with or without the presence of atom letters. Carbon skeletons represent a molecule's diversity.
The ball and stick model is a molecular model in which spheres and rods are used to depict a molecule. The spheres represent the atoms of the molecule, and the rods represent the chemical bonds that connect the atoms. These are three-dimensional designs. This model can also be used to represent double and triple bonds.
A space-filling model is a molecular model in which spheres are used to represent a molecule. Unlike the ball and stick model, this model only uses spheres to represent atoms; no rods are used to represent chemical bonds between atoms. The spheres are instead full-sized. In this model, the sphere radii are proportional to the atom radii.
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