which method or methods of controlling eukaryotic gene expression is noot employed in prokaryotic cells? select all that apply.

The proportionality which Kepler’s third law of planetary motion describes is: D. T² ∝ d³

In Science, a planet can be defined as a terminology which is used to describe a large astronomical (celestial) object that has sufficient mass to allow for self-gravity and make it assume a nearly circular shape or spherical shape.

Kepler's third law of planetary motion states that the square of any planetary body's orbital period (T) is directly proportional to the cube of its orbit's semi-major axis (a).

Mathematically, Kepler's third law of planetary motion is represented or modeled by this mathematical expression:

T² = d³

Where:

In conclusion, planet Earth has 1 astronomical unit (AU) in 1 year of time.

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Complete Question:

Which proportionality does Kepler’s third law describe?

T² ∝ d

T ∝ d

T³ ∝ d²

T² ∝ d³

b) Hummingbirds have the highest weight-specific total rate of evaporative water loss.

In the field of biology, hummingbirds can be described as small birds that have the ability to fly just like the majority of other birds. In order to fly, hummingbirds need to have a weight-specific rate for the loss of water.

This weight-specific loss of water by evaporation is higher in hummingbirds because in order to fly, the weight-to-surface ratio of the hummingbirds needs to be small. Hence, a higher amount of water is lost by evaporation in hummingbirds to maintain the specific weight required for flying.

Other options, like chicken, are not correct as chickens do not need to be weight-specific as they do not fly, and hence much of their water is stored rather than being evaporated.

The question will correctly be written as:

Which animal has the highest weight-specific total rate of evaporative water loss?

a) chicken

b) hummingbird

c) ostrich

d) screech

e) owl

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The digestive tract consists of the oral cavity and its associated organs (lips, teeth, tongue, and salivary glands),

The esophagus, the ruminant forestomachs (reticulum, rumen, omasum), and the true stomach in all species, the small intestine, the liver, the exocrine pancreas, the large intestine, and the rectum and anus.

Food could only travel through the body in one direction if the mouth and anus were separate. This improved digesting efficiency. An animal might continue to feed while digesting food and eliminating waste. Different regions of the digestive tract may become specialized for certain digestive tasks.

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Answer:

Evaporation and Distillation

Complex microbial communities that grow tightly adhered to surfaces are called biofilms.

Biofilm is indeed a complex microbiome structure composed of different bacteria living or single types of cells that stick to the surface. Microorganisms adhere to surfaces and form biofilms. Biofilm-associated cells can be distinguished from their suspended counterparts by the production of the an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, slower growth rates, and the regulation of specific genes.

Attachment is a complex process that is influenced by the growth medium, substratum, as well as cell surface. An established biofilm structure is composed of microbial cells and EPS, does have a defined architecture, but also provides an optimal environment for cell-to-cell genetic material exchange. Cells also may communicate through quorum sensing, which may affect biofilm processes like detachment.

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Answer:

90%

Explanation:

During interphase, the cell undergoes normal growth processes while also preparing for cell division. It is the longest phase of the cell cycle, cell spends approximately 90% of its time in this phase. In order for a cell to move from interphase into the mitotic phase, many internal and external conditions must be met.

Based on the given figure, 90% of the time required to complete a full cycle do the cells typically spend in interphase.

The interphase, which can be divided into two stages: the first gap (G1) between the final mitosis and the DNA-synthesising S phase.

The second gap (G2) between the end of the S phase and the subsequent mitosis, is the time when the cell is not actively dividing (M).

A cell spends the majority of its time in what is known as interphase, where it develops, duplicates its chromosomes, and gets ready to divide. The cell then exits interphase, goes through mitosis, and finishes dividing.

However, since mitosis and cytokinesis only last for about an hour each, interphase the time in between mitoses is where 90% of the cell cycle is spent.

Thus, the total of 90% is required for interphase.

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Your question seems incomplete, the missing image is:

Answer:

Up to about 50,000 years old.

Explanation:

Please give the brainliest.

Mesosaurus got distributed in this pattern because of the extinction of Pangea 250 million years ago.

The genus of extinct aquatic animals known as Mesosaurus, which means middle lizard, lived in the southern hemisphere during the early Permian period. Mesosaurus fossils can be found in Africa and South America. They were separated during the 250 million-year breakup of Pangea. Strong evidence for the existence of Pangea is provided by the identical fossils found in both locations.

After early tetrapods arrived on land in the Late Devonian or later in the Paleozoic, Mesosaurus was one of the first known reptiles to return to the water. It had webbed feet, a streamlined body, and a long tail that may have supported a fin. It was about 3.3 feet long. It probably used its flexible tail and long hind legs to move through the water.

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The body can maintain homeostasis after there is a rise in blood sugar levels after eating by releasing the insulin that is released from the pancreas and the glucose that is stored in the body cells.

After eating, generally, the blood glucose level is high, but when the pancreas releases the insulin, it then binds to the receptor (GLUT) of the liver and muscles, and then the glucose in the blood is taken and stored as glycogen.

Hence, the body can maintain homeostasis after there is a rise in blood sugar levels after eating by releasing the insulin that is released from the pancreas and the glucose that is stored in the body cells.

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Assuming resting conditions at sea level, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in systemic veins is 46 mm Hg.

In systemic veins, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 46 mm Hg. Alveoli have a low partial pressure of carbon dioxide compared to lung capillaries.

Carbon dioxide concentration is high in the veins as compared to the arteries because veins carry deoxygenated blood from body to the heart chambers. Thus, amount of oxygen is low in comparison to carbon dioxide.

Using network of arteries, veins and capillaries, the blood carries carbon dioxide to lungs and picks up oxygen.

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One method for doing it is to utilize nonlinear least-squares relapse to fit the whole informational index worldwide to the underneath condition to acquire best-fit values for every one of the motor constants.

For mixed-type inhibition, the convergence in the plot is given by [I] = −Ki and (v)/v= −Ki/K'i in the third quadrant, and in the extraordinary situation where Ki = K'i (noncompetitive inhibition) the crossing points happen where [I] = −Ki and (v)/v= −1. Noncompetitive inhibition is a unique sort of blended restraint, where the inhibitor predicaments both the free catalyst and the compound substrate complex with an equivalent proclivity. In such a circumstance, the response will fall, yet they will stay unaltered. Serious and non-cutthroat inhibitors can be distinguished by what they mean for a protein's action at various substrate focuses. Assuming an inhibitor is cutthroat, it will diminish response rate when there's very little substrate, but rather can be "out-contended" by bunches of the substrate.

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Growth hormone enhances protein synthesis, decreases glucose use, and promotes the destruction of fats.

Growth hormone promotes early development and aids in the survival of tissues and organs through life. It is produced by the pituitary gland, a tiny organ at the bottom of the brain. However, the pituitary gland gradually reduces the amount of growth hormone it generates starting in middle life.

This natural slowdown has generated interest in the use of artificial human growth hormone (HGH) as a method of avoiding some of the aging-related changes, such as a decline in bone and muscle mass.

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Hydrologist is likely to study methods of water conservation and decontamination.

A person who studies the distribution, quality circulation, and "physical properties" of the water on Earth's surface is known as a hydrologist. They investigate the reactions that occur when water reaches the surface of the earth, such as how snow and rainwater penetrate the soil and become groundwater. They investigate how surface water and groundwater evaporate back into the atmosphere or ultimately reach the oceans, as well as how rain, snow, and other forms of precipitation affect river flows or groundwater levels.

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Group of molecules that are attracted together to form a larger sheet​ would not be considered growth and development.

What is growth and development?

Child development experts define growth as an unceasing, irreversible increase in size and development as an increase in psychomotor capacity. Both processes rely heavily on a person's genetic make-up, diet, and environment.

What traits characterise development and growth?

The term "growth" describes an increase in the size and mass of an organ or a body. Cell division and an increase in intracellular material are the usual mechanisms. Development is the maturing of an organism's physiology and functionality.

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Group of molecules that are attracted together to form a larger sheet​ would not be considered growth and development.

Child development experts define growth as an unceasing, irreversible increase in size and development as an increase in psychomotor capacity. Both processes rely heavily on a person's genetic make-up, diet, and environment.

The term "growth" describes an increase in the size and mass of an organ or a body. Cell division and an increase in intracellular material are the usual mechanisms. Development is the maturing of an organism's physiology and functionality.

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The enzyme rubisco can catalyze two seemingly conflicting reactions, it is both a carboxylase and an oxygenase because when the enzyme first evolved there was very little oxygen in the primitive atmosphere.

A biological enzyme catalyst is a protein capable of reducing the activation energy requires to carry out a chemical reaction such as in this case the rubisco enzyme which acts both as oxygenase and carboxylase.

An oxygenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the addition of molecular oxygen, while a carboxylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the addition of carbon, which was facilitated in the primitive highly rich carbon atmosphere.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that a biological enzyme catalyst such as rubisco is able to catalyze the addition of oxygen and carbon, which was likely due to the conditions of the primitive atmosphere.

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The correct option is B Carbohydrates and lipids.

Biomolecules - A chemical compound that is present in living organisms is called a biomolecule. These consist primarily of substances with the chemical elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus.  

Carbohydrates -  They include sugars and starch. The elements present in these compounds are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates in living things form specific structures, store energy, and give energy to the cells (such as the cell walls of plants).

Lipids - They include fats and oils. Although some lipids do contain other elements, like phosphorus, their main constituents are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. In living things, lipids serve as energy stores, building blocks of cell membranes, and messenger molecules.

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Living organisms create macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissues, and complex higher-order structures by recycling and reusing energy from the sun.

A cell has 3 elements: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and the cytoplasm. . The nucleus is a structure inside the cell that incorporates the nucleolus and the maximum of the cellular's DNA. it's also in which maximum RNA is made.

Cells are the basic constructing blocks of all residing things. They offer shape for the body, absorb nutrients from meals, convert those vitamins into electricity, and perform specialized functions.

Cells provide shape and function for all dwelling matters, from microorganisms to people. Cells residence the organic equipment that makes the proteins, chemical substances, and indicators chargeable for the whole thing that occurs interior our bodies.

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Answer:

independent assortment

Explanation:

When a piece of chromosome breaks off and reattaches at another site on the same or another chromosome, this is called chromosomal translocation.

In the field of science, chromosomal translocation can be described as a process in which a region of genes that is present on one chromosome have the ability to break and jump from to another chromosome and join to the other chromosomes.

These genes that take part in the process of chromosomal translocation are referred to as the jumping genes. It is due to the phenomenon of chromosomal translocation that same regions of genes in one chromosome can be found in another chromosome as well.

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Each pair of electrons that Complexes I and III send across the membrane is exchanged for four protons.

The majority of the useable energy released after the breakdown of fats or carbohydrates is produced by the mitochondrial process known as oxidative phosphorylation. For instance, the citric acid cycle and glycolysis's breakdown of glucose result in the production of two molecules of FADH2, ten molecules of NADH, and four molecules of ATP.

A further 32–34 ATP molecules are subsequently produced by oxidative phosphorylation using the electrons that were previously transferred from NADH and FADH2, along with a transfer of electrons from molecular oxygen. The inner mitochondrial membrane, which eventually acts as the primary source of cellular energy, is home to protein complexes that are essential for electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation.

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Secretions of the female reproductive system mostly serve to lubricate the reproductive organs involved with intercourse.

The female reproductive system consists of internal and external organs. It creates hormones and is responsible for fertility, menstruation, and sexual activity. The female reproductive anatomy includes both external and internal parts. The function of the external genitals is to protect the internal parts from infection and allow sperm to enter the vagina.

The female reproductive system provides several functions. Ovaries produce eggs. These eggs are then transported to fallopian tube during ovulation where fertilization may occur.

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The organisms that convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into a form that can be utilized by plants are the bacteria that are present in Option a, the bacteria that are present either freely or in association.

The nitrogen fixation is caused by bacteria that can convert the atmospheric nitrogen into the usable form of nitrogen, and these bacteria can show mutualism by being present in the root nodules or living freely and doing nitrogen fixation.

Hence, the organisms that convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into a form that can be utilized by plants are the bacteria that are present in Option a.

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In a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a locus with two alleles, there is no allele frequency at which the heterozygote frequency is lower than both of the two homozygous frequencies.

Under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium conditions, the frequency of heterozygotes (individuals with one copy of each allele) is equal to the product of the frequencies of the two alleles. This means that the frequency of heterozygotes can never be lower than the frequencies of either of the two homozygotes (individuals with two copies of the same allele). In other words, if a population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a locus with two alleles, there is no allele frequency at which the heterozygote frequency is lower than both of the two homozygous frequencies. For example, consider a locus with two alleles, A and a. Let p be the frequency of the A allele and q be the frequency of the a allele. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation for the frequency of heterozygotes (individuals with one copy of each allele) is: Heterozygote frequency = pq The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation for the frequency of homozygotes (individuals with two copies of the same allele) is: AA frequency = pp aa frequency = q^2. Since p and q are between 0 and 1, it is not possible for either p or q to be less than 0, and therefore it is not possible for either p^2 or q^2 to be less than 0. Therefore, it is not possible for the frequency of either of the two homozygotes to be less than 0. Since the frequency of heterozygotes is equal to pq, which is the product of p and q, and since both p and q are greater than or equal to 0, it is not possible for the frequency of heterozygotes to be less than either of the two homozygotes. Therefore, in a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a locus with two alleles, there is no allele frequency at which the heterozygote frequency is lower than both of the two homozygous frequencies.

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A child is born with aniridia. the father has normal vision. The possible genotypes of the child, the mother, and the father are aa, AA or Aa and Aa respectively.

Aniridia is an eye condition in which the colored part of the eye (the iris) is either completely or partially absent. The pupils may be abnormal or misshapen as a result of these iris abnormalities. Visual acuity, or sharpness of vision, can be affected, as can photophobia, and increased sensitivity to light.

Aniridia is acquired in an autosomal dominant pattern, and that implies one duplicate of the adjusted quality in every cell is adequate to cause the problem. The mutation is passed down from one affected parent in approximately two-thirds of cases.

Father genotype is - aa.(normal vision)

Mother genotype is - AA or Aa (deseased vision)

child's genotype should be Aa (A comes from mother and a comes from father)

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The embryonic stage of gestation is the period after implantation, during which all the major organs and structures within the growing mammal are formed. Once the embryo is fully formed, it expands, grows, and continues to develop in what is known as the fetal development stage.

The initial stages of a multicellular organism's development. In sexually reproducing mammals, embryonic development begins as soon as the male sperm cell fertilizes the female egg cell. The zygote, which is made up of these two cells together, divides repeatedly to produce blastomere cells. The blastocoel, a hollow structure made of fluid that eventually fills the solid ball-shaped morula that make up the blastomeres. The object is subsequently referred to as a blastula or, in the case of animals, a blastocyst.

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Biodiversity is all the different kinds of life you’ll find in one area—the variety of animals, plants, fungi, and even microorganisms like bacteria that make up our natural world. Each of these species and organisms work together in ecosystems, like an intricate web, to maintain balance and support life.

Some of the ways to protect biodiversity are:

1Conserve your water use: Fresh bodies of water are essential to biodiversity. Reducing the amount of water you use, by having a 5-minute shower or not running the water when washing up the dishes, can help protect vital wetlands.Plant scientists are also working to help conserve by developing crop varieties that use less water.

2Protect natural habitats: Human impact on the earth can have a devastating impact on biodiversity. Small steps like keeping to walking paths, and not stepping through flowers or crops, can help protect what is growing there.

3Support farmers: Farmers play a key role in conserving biodiversity.

With the help of biotechnology and plant science, farmers can grow more food on the same amount of land. This takes the pressure off the need to convert natural habitats into farmland.

4Reduce, reuse and recycle: Recycling reduces pollution by decreasing energy, electricity, and water consumption and the need for landfills. Not only can you recycle bottles and cans, but your local recycling center will usually allow you to recycle clothes, electrical goods and batteries.Programs around the world have collected and recycled almost 800,000 metric tons of empty pesticide containers and agricultural plastics in the last thirteen years. That is more than the weight of 100 Eiffel Towers.

5Plant local flowers, fruits and vegetables: Research the plants and vegetables that are local to your area and grow a variety. Each plant and vegetable helps to protect biodiversity and supports the wider ecosystem of your local area.

6Help the bees: Bees pollinate nearly 90% of plant species and they contribute to more than 35% of the world’s food supply, but they’re under threat from varroa mites. Plant scientists are developing cutting edge crop protection products to help farmers control the mites and protect precious bee populations.

)Educate yourself and others: Educating people about the importance of biodiversity conservation increases public awareness of the issue. As public awareness increases, people become more involved in caring about their environment.

Answer:

a. True

Explanation:

Classical studies suggest that growth hormone (GH) secretion is controlled by negative-feedback loops mediated by GH-releasing hormone (GHRH)- or somatostatin-expressing neurons. Catecholamines are known to alter GH secretion and neurons expressing TH are located in several brain areas containing GH-responsive cells.

Answer: A. The amount of DNA is doubled so that the two new cells each have the same original amount.

Explanation:

I will say the answer to this question is A; I am pretty sure. I remember learning that DNA makes a copy of itself before the beginning of mitosis. If I am wrong, I am sorry; it has been a long time since I learned this.

Answer: Prezygotic barrier

Explanation: If the male sperm never fertilizes the female egg in a mating between two parrots from different populations, a prezygotic reproductive barrier may be operating. Prezygotic barriers prevent fertilization from occurring by blocking mating or fertilization between individuals of different species. In this case, the male and female parrots may be genetically incompatible and unable to produce viable offspring, even though they are able to mate. This type of reproductive barrier can arise as a result of speciation, where two populations evolve into distinct species over time. Other examples of prezygotic barriers include physical differences in reproductive organs and behavioral differences that prevent mating.

Some bacteria can withstand harsh environments and resist  antibiotic resistance to their "plasmids, nucleoids, and endospores".

Since bacteria are prokaryotic creatures, their cells lack a clearly defined nucleus. However, according to this query, certain bacteria are reported to be resistant to antibiotics and to be able to endure harsh environments. The presence of a plasmid and endospore in some bacteria is thought to be  antibiotic resistance for these two traits. Circular extra-chromosomal DNA that is present in bacteria is known as a plasmid. Because it differs from the DNA of the bacterium and contains distinct genes, it is referred to as "extra." The genes found in plasmids frequently provide bacteria extra advantages like antibiotic resistance to antibiotics.

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