Look at the energy pyramid shown in the lesson. Suppose some trout eats smelt and then human eats the trout. About how many of the original 1000 calories contained in the algae reach the human? How does this compare to a situation in which the human ate the smelt directly?
The quantity of the original 1000 calories contained in the algae that reached the human is 1.2 calories. But had it been the human ate the smelt directly, it would have taken in 6 calories.
What is food energy pyramid?The food energy pyramid is the type of pyramid that shows the flow of energy within the trophic levels of an ecosystem.
In a typical food energy pyramid, the organism with the highest energy level is usually located lowest in the pyramid while the organism that obtained the lowest energy is at the uppermost part of the pyramid.
There are various types of food pyramids which include the following:
Pyramid of numbers,Pyramid of biomass andPyramid of energy.From the given diagram, each level is being represented by the energy they acquired when they feed on the lower placed organisms.
Therefore, when humans feed on the trout that fed on the smelt that fed on the zooplankton that fed on the algae, they will only obtain 1.2 calories of the 1000 calories possessed by algae and bacteria.
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In ______, two dna double helices are synthesized from one dna double helix molecule when it unwinds and complementary nucleotides are added to the exposed unpaired bases.
In DNA replication, two DNA double helices are synthesized from one DNA double helix molecule when it unwinds and complementary nucleotides are added to the exposed unpaired bases.
What is DNA replication ?A double-stranded DNA molecule is duplicated to create two identical DNA molecules through the process of DNA replication. Because every time a cell splits, the two new daughter cells must have the same genetic material, or DNA, as the parent cell, replication is a crucial process.
The fundamental mechanism of DNA replication is similar across all species, making it a crucial operation.
Prokaryotic cells' cytoplasm and eukaryotic cells' nuclei are where DNA replication takes place. The fundamental steps of DNA replication are the same wherever it takes place. DNA replication is made simple by the DNA structure. The double helix has two opposing (anti-parallel) directions running through it.
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Why are plasma membranes arranged as a bilayer instead of a monolayer? Include polarity in your answer.
Answer:
Due to the amphiphilic nature of the phospholipids that make up the plasma membrane, it is a bilayer (hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail). Due to the bilayer structure, the hydrophilic heads are in contact with the extracellular fluid and cytoplasm, while the hydrophobic tails are in contact with one another in the middle of the membrane.
Explanation:
This diagram shows cellular activity across a cell membrane.
Glucose in high concentrations
outside the cell
Cell membrane
Glucose in low concentrations
inside the cell
Which two processes does this diagram most directly model?
O Energy conversions and synthesis of new molecules
O Synthesis of new molecules and homeostasis
O Transport of molecules and energy conversions
O Homeostasis and transport of molecules
Answer:
Energy conversions and synthesis of new molecules
The two processes that are shown in the image are the transport of molecules and energy conversions. Therefore, option C is correct.
The transport of molecules and energy conversions through the cell membrane are vital processes for the functioning of cells. The cell membrane is also known as the plasma membrane. It acts as a selective barrier that regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell.
The cell membrane also plays a role in energy conversions. For example, during cellular respiration, the inner membrane of mitochondria (which are organelles within the cell) is involved in the electron transport chain. Thus, option C is correct.
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Salivary amylase is an enzyme that begins breaking down carbohydrates while the food is still in the mouth. Once the food passes into the stomach, what happens to the salivary amylase?.
The salivary amylase does not function once it reaches the stomach after the good from mouth is passed to it.
Salivary amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates right in the mouth. When it is passed to the stomach, the acidic ph of stomach denatures this enzymes and causes it to change it's shape. Consequently, the enzyme stops functioning.
Like most other enzymes, salivary amylase is a protein. At a pH between 6.5 and 7.0, it operates most effectively. More acidic or basic environments result in altered protein folding, which reduces the enzyme activity of the molecule.
The stomach's pH is typically between 1.0 and 2.0, which is very acidic. Salivary amylase's protein structure denatures and changes form at this pH level. As a result, when salivary amylase reaches the stomach, it is inactive.
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Proteins are responsible for enzymatic reactions, help the body defend itself against harmful bacteria and parasites, and allow for physical movement. What is the most basic need in order for the human body to make proteins?.
The most basic need in order for the human body to make proteins is the amino acids.
Proteins are very essential for the human body and its most essential and defining characteristic from a nutritional standpoint is its amino acid composition.
What are amino acids?
These are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. Although hundreds of amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the alpha-amino acids, which comprise proteins.
Amino acids are made by the in two different ways: either from scratch or by modifying others.
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if anyone can help lmk earth science
For earth science you have to study minerals and rocks, their definitions, gain some conceptual information and even have in mind their properties.
How are Minerals and Rocks similar?A mineral is a naturally occurring substance having unique atomic structures, compositions, and chemical and physical properties. Typically speaking, two or more minerals when are combined together through geological processes make up the rocks.
Compare the Chemical composition of Minerals and Rocks.A rock can be described as an inorganic, naturally occurring, solid substance that typically has no atomic structure or chemical makeup.
Making up fairly similar to rock, the mineral has a distinct crystalline structure and chemical makeup. A mineral can be described as a solid, inorganic substance.
Compare the way we classify minerals and rocks.A mineral is a naturally occurring substance having unique atomic structures, compositions, and chemical and physical properties.
Typically, when two or more minerals are absolutely combined together through any geological processes, this makes up rocks.
Which substance is/are inorganic? Which substance is/are organic?The main distinction between these organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic molecules always contain an atom of carbon, whereas the majority of inorganic compounds do not.
Almost all organic compounds have a simple C-H bond or a carbon-hydrogen bond in them.
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Why can an electric current pass easily through a metal?
1-The positive nuclei metal atoms strongly attract their negative valence electrons
2-Positively charged metal ions move freely from one end of a metal to the other
3-Negatively charged electrons can move freely through a metal
4- positively charged metal ions are arranged in crystals
Answer: The Correct answer is 3) Negatively charged electrons can move freely through a metal
Explanation:
The electric current can pass easily through a metal because the electrons or negatively charged ions are relatively free to move in metals. So, whenever current pass-through metals, electrons carry electricity and pass it through the metal. The movement of these electrons are the reason for conduction of current in metals.
Answer:Negatively charged electrons can move freely through a metal
extinction rates are estimated using accurate techniques which provide field biologists a clear understanding of why species go extinct. group of answer choices true false
Answer:
False
Explanation:
i have already done these questions in the assignment i took in my biology class.
Hope it helps
15. Choose two objects of different weights that can be thrown into the air. The objects are
thrown with the same amount of force. Determine which object has more kinetic
energy and explain why.
Now suppose both objects are to be rolled down a slide. What could affect the kinetic
energy so that the other object now has more force? Explain your reasoning.
The object which is having greater mass will have greater KE if gravity is neglected. Cause kinetic Energy is directly proportional to the mass of the object.
Rolling down the slideNow on rolling down the slide the one which is rolled from a greater height will have greater potential energy will eventually have greater kinetic energy.
The energy that an object has as a result of its ongoing motion is known as kinetic energy in terms of physics. It is described as the effort required to move a mass-determined body from rest to the indicated velocity.
The body holds onto the kinetic energy that it acquires during this acceleration until and unless its speed changes. Kinetic energy has the following formula: K.E. = ½ m v2, where m is the object’s mass and v are its square velocity.
Measure of Kinetic EnergyThe kinetic energy that is measured in kilograms-meters then squared per second squared if this mass is then measured in kilograms and the velocity is then measured in meters per second.
When potential energy is released, among other catalysts such as elastic forces or gravity, kinetic energy is produced.
Motion is created by kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of an object increases as force is applied to it and it accelerates.
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witch of these is an immunity that the human body uses
1. neutral immunity
2. humoral immunity antibody mediated
3. irrelevant immunity
4. lipid-mediated-immunity
An immunity used by human body is: (2) humoral immunity antibody mediated.
Immunity is the ability of the body to fight against the foreign invaders and the disease caused by them. This immunity can be active or passive. Active immunity is the one that the body develops by itself. Passive immunity is the one that is introduced into the body by injecting antibodies.
Humoral immunity is the response mediated by the antibodies present in the body for specific pathogens. It is driven by the B cells. Antibodies are the Y-shaped structures that are produced by the B cells in response to the invasion of certain foreign invaders also called the antigens.
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Analyze and Interpret Data
1. Identify the range of pH values and temperatures used in the experiment
The range of pH may start above the optimum value 10 and reduces. In the second case, the temperature as the optimum temperature is taken to be as 60° and extends further.
1) Effect of pH on Protease Enzyme:According to present the data in the above provided graph, the activities of the Protease that are shown will always increase as the pH(alkalinity) increases but they may be starting from any pH value/concentration above the optimum value (10).
The activity presence of the enzyme Protease also starts to drop or just reduces drastically.
2) Effect of Temperature on Protease Enzyme:According to the data in the graph above, the activity of the enzyme Protease will always increase in its function, when the temperature increases up to the temperature 60degrees (the optimum temperature).
But the activity of the Protease enzyme will start to drop down, as temperature becomes greater than that of the optimum temperature (at 60degrees)
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Post-Lab Analysis:
Research the pathway of how oxygen is taken from the atmosphere to how it is used by our muscle tissue.
Double click on the text box below. Correctly arrange the steps of the pathway by arranging the boxes from top to button.
Red blood cells carry oxygen to the muscle tissues of the body (cells)
Oxygen in the circulatory system (blood) attaches to the hemoglobin molecule on red blood-cells
The muscle tissues use the ATP molecule to function properly
Oxygen diffuses across the cell membrane of the cell
Inhaled oxygen travels through the respiratory system to the lungs
The oxygen in the lungs diffuses to the circulatory system (blood)
Oxygen in the air is inhaled by the respiratory system (nose and mouth)
Oxygen inside the muscle cell is used by the mitochondria to produce the energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Answer:
Oxygen in the air is inhaled by the respiratory system (nose and mouth)Inhaled oxygen travels through the respiratory system to the lungsThe oxygen in the lungs diffuses to the circulatory system (blood)Oxygen in the circulatory system (blood) attaches to the hemoglobin molecule on red blood-cellsRed blood cells carry oxygen to the muscle tissues of the body (cells)Oxygen diffuses across the cell membrane of the cellOxygen inside the muscle cell is used by the mitochondria to produce the energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).The muscle tissues use the ATP molecule to function properlytrue or false: the cooking process is often viewed as the starting point of carbohydrate digestion because cooking helps to soften the tough connective fibers in the plants.
The given statement is true that the cooking process is often viewed as the starting point of carbohydrate digestion because cooking helps to soften the tough connective fibers in the plants.
Carbohydrates are one of the biomolecules present in living body. These are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. There are three types of carbohydrates: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. They serve various purposes like energy source, structural, anchorage, etc.
Connective fibers are the loose tissues that join one type of tissue to another. These are of three types: collagenous, elastic, and reticular fibers. These fibers help in maintaining the structure and integrity of the body and also provide support.
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What are 3 ways that hurricanes affect the carbon cycle?
Explanation:
Hurricanes cause severe impacts on the ecosystem, which substantially affects the carbon cycle at the local or regional scale .The analys is showed that the amount of precipitation is not the only drving factor causing increased carbon emission; the characteristics of the drainage area also affect the carbon cycle and emission.By stimulating these phytoplankton blooms , hurricanes can affect the ecology of the upper ocean . This is the answer .
Supporting questions: "How do scientific and mathematical innovations from the
Renaissance impact modern day? " Think about what you already know about to answer the Supporting Question. Write about any connections you have made (text to self, text to text, text to world). Why do you think it is important to learn about this concept?
In your own words
Renaissance impact the modern day and modern science as it followed astronomy to the peak value.
What is Renaissance and how it impacted modern science?The main invention during Renaissance was microscope and telescope which helps millions over the globe.Telescope invention led to the inovation of lot of different kind of glasses and lenses.During Renaissance was a great discovery in cosmology and astronomy and till now have not been such kind of invention.The printing press, and many more like firearms are few of inventions influenced by Renaissance period.To know more about Renaissance visit:
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62.mohr, l.; carceles-cordon, m.; woo, j.; cordon-cardo, c.; domingo-domenech, j.; rodriguez-bravo, v. generation of prostate cancer cell models of resistance to the anti-mitotic agent docetaxel. j. vis. exp. 2017, e56327
A typical mechanism of disease development and a prognostic factor for malignant tumors is developed resistance to prostate cancer treatments. Resistance to MTAs, such as the taxane Docetaxel, determines treatment failure and the progression of the disease into lethal stages.
The variety of processes causing acquired resistance has been investigated for decades, but they remain poorly understood, which severely restricts the creation of novel therapeutic approaches. We outline a procedure for creating Docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell lines in this article.
The Docetaxel-resistant cell lines created by this method have been successfully used in recent studies, such as the loss of resistance properties over time, and they present an opportunity to enhance our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms behind acquired chemoresistance in deadly prostate cancer.
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a white‑winged butterfly population is easily visible against green vegetation. a few individuals in the population have red spots on their wings that resemble the red spots on a species that their predators avoid. a few other individuals have a speckled‑gray pattern on their wings that blends well with the vegetation. over time, the proportions of red‑spotted and gray‑speckled butterflies increase in the population. conversely, the proportion of pure white butterflies decreases in the population. what form of selection has taken place in this population? stabilizing selection directional selection frequency‑dependent selection disruptive (diversifying) selection
Disruptive (diversifying) selection has taken place in this population. The correct answer is option(d).
Diversifying selection, also known as the disruptive selection, happens when extreme levels of a trait are preferred above the middle values. Often, speciation is driven by this kind of selection. Additionally, environmental changes that favor people at one extreme of the phenotypic spectrum might result in diversifying selection.
Disruptive selection is important because it has the ability to create a population with such a high level of diversity that it results in the speciation of new species, including ecological sexual dimorphism. Since more than one phenotype, or physical attribute, is preferred by the disruptive selection, genetic and phenotypic diversity in a population rises. As a result, diversified selection is another name for disruptive selection. Disruptive selection has the potential to trigger speciation over time.
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You feel thirsty, so you drink a large glass of water. After drinking the water, the feeling of thirst goes away. What system is most responsible for sensing that there are low water levels in the body and letting you know that you need to drink water to maintain your homeostasis?.
The sense of the nervous system tells us the need to drink water and thus maintain our homeostasis.
When an individual is thirsty, a drink of water can be exceptionally fulfilling, but after the thirst has been extinguished, drinking more can be unsavory. The unused investigation uncovers the root of these encounters within the brain.
These brain circuits likely advanced to avoid individuals from drinking as well as much water, coming about in perilously moo sodium levels, the analysts detailed nowadays within the diary Procedures of the National Foundation of Sciences.
Brain ranges included in emotional decision-making lit up within the scanner when individuals drank in reaction to feeling parched, while locales included in controlling development kicked in when individuals constrained themselves to keep drinking after extinguishing their thirst.
Hypothalamus is involved in the thirst sense since receptors within the body distinguish an awkwardness of liquid and the need to recapture homeostasis.
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Which is the SIMPLEST level of organization in a human being? Responses A organsorgans B cellscells C organ systemsorgan systems D tissues
Answer: B. Cells
Explanation:
CELLS
suppose a three-point testcross was conducted involving the genes r, h, and q. if the most abundant classes are rqh and rqh and the rarest classes are rhq and rhq, which gene is in the middle?
The gene in the middle is R in a three-point testcross if the most abundant classes are rqh and rqh and the rarest classes are rhq and rhq.
The locations of three genes in the genome of an organism are identified using a three-point cross. A homozygous recessive individual is crossed with a person who is heterozygous for three mutations, and the progeny's phenotypes are graded. The parental gametes produce the two most prevalent phenotypes, while a double-crossing during gamete creation produces the two least prevalent phenotypes. The geneticist can identify which gene is situated between the other genes on the chromosome by comparing the phenotypes of the parental and double-crossover individuals. The most prevalent phenotypes are rqh and rqh while the least prevalent phenotypes are rhq and rhq, therfore the middle gene after comparing is R.
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An organism's scientific name consists of which TWO taxonomic groups?(Select TWO ANSWERS)
A: Domain
B: kingdom
C: Phylum
D:Class
E: Order
F: Family
G: Genus
H: Species
Answer:
Kingdom and phylum
Explanation:
I might be worng
. In which phase of cellular respiration is glucose a reactant?
Answer: Glycolysis
Explanation:
Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration. Which after glycolysis, the reactants are no longer glucose, but product of glycolysis - pyruvate.
Which of the following best describes the structure of a protein molecule?
Proteins are organic polymers made up of amino acids. Amino acids linked by peptide bonds form a polypeptide chain. One or more polypeptide chains are straight twisted into a three-dimensional shape to form a protein that best describes the shape of the protein molecule.
Proteins are located throughout the body: muscles, bones, skin, hair, and of course every single element or tissue of the body. It is part of many chemical reactions and enzymes that cause hemoglobin to contain oxygen in the blood. At least 10,000 unique proteins make and keep you where you are. Consuming high-protein ingredients has many health benefits, including faster recovery and/or harm after exercise. reduced muscle loss. Build muscle mass.
Proteins are the building blocks of muscle tissue. So, getting enough protein will help maintain muscle groups and promote muscle growth during electrical exercise. Severe protein deficiency can lead to edema, fatty liver, skin degeneration, increased severity of infections, and stunted growth in children.
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what effect low temperature have non enzyme activity. use animal metabolism as an example
Because their molecular mobility slows down at low temperatures, the frequency of effective collisions between both the substrate and the enzyme is decreased. The body of a human is kept around 37 °C since this is the temperature during which our body's enzymes function most effectively.
The human cell's metabolism is carried at the 37 °C temperature. This is the temperature at which the enzyme activity is highest and all the enzyme related work carried out.
Enzyme- A biological catalyst called an enzyme is usually always a protein. It accelerates a certain chemical process in the cell. The enzyme is employed repeatedly and is not destroyed throughout the process.
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if ta lizard body movement may becomes slow if the surrounding temprature falls
this could be a disadvantage of warm blooded animal or not
Not, the given statement is false as because the lizard is cold-blooded animal, which as a result of their inability to produce internal heat, lizards are poikilotherms.
Poikilotherms- Poikilotherms possess the physiological capacity to produce heat, hence in the absence of the any behavioral modifications, their body temperatures tend to match those of their surroundings. Animals that have "cold blood" are an example of poikilotherms. Animals that are poikilothermic include numerous invertebrate species as well as several vertebrate species, including certain fish, amphibians, and reptiles.
Species- A collection of creatures that can breed with each other in nature and have healthy offspring is referred to as a biological species.
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In 4 sentences describe a couple of areas in the brain that are responsible for creativity.
As it appears to be in charge of many of the processes that support creative thinking, the frontal cortex has been referred to as the hub or center of creativity.
What is the role of the frontal cortex?The frontal cortex are crucial for controlling higher order executive functions, expressive language, and physical movement. The ability to plan, organize, initiate, self-monitor, and control one's responses in order to accomplish a goal is referred to as having executive functions.
What happens if the frontal cortex is damaged?There are several symptoms that can result from frontal lobe brain damage, including behavioral issues and motor difficulties. The frontal lobe can be harmed by a number of disorders, such as dementia, head trauma, and stroke.
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which of these lipids is not a class of glycerophospholipids? which of these lipids is not a class of glycerophospholipids? sphingolipids cardiolipin phosphatidylethanolamine phosphatidylserine
Ceramide is not a class of glycerophospholipids.
What is glycerophospholipids?
glycerophospholipids are detergents and as such they reduced water surface tension and stability dispersion of the compounds.
The capacity of phospholipids to function detergent is important in bile.
glycerophospholipids are composed of an ester glycerol and phosphoric acid. It is characterized by phosphatic acid backbone.
It is major constitution of membrane and are responsible for the membrane being a bilayer.
It is composed of half of brains lipids .
The capacity of phospolipids to function as detergents is important in bile, where they favor the solubility of cholesterol.
Thus non of these options are in the catagory of glycerophospholipids
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Which of the following is superior to the abdominal region?
A-inguinal
B-crural
C-patellar
D-thoracic
Thoracic region is superior to the abdominal region.
The thoracic cavity is superior subdivision of the anterior cavity, and it is enclosed by the rib cage. It consists of 12 vertebrae. They are rigid and stable, and minimizes injury. The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and the heart, which is located in the mediastinum .
The thoracic region performs many duties. It protects the spinal cord, the bundle of nerves that extend from your brain to the body. It provides an attachment point for your ribs and helps with supporting breathing. The thoracic region also serves as an attachment point for many muscles of the body.
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White blood cells protect against
and aid in blood clotting when injuries are sustained.
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
I don't know the explanation clearly but it's definitely a yes
Answer:
True statement
Explanation: