When a firm uses third-degree price discrimination, the group of consumers with low elasticity of demand would face the highest prices. This is because they are less responsive to changes in price and are willing to pay more for the product. On the other hand, the group of consumers with high elasticity of demand would face lower prices as they are more price-sensitive and may switch to substitutes if the price is too high.
Price discrimination is a competitive pricing strategy used by businesses and sellers. Price discrimination involves the use of different prices charged to various customers for the same product or service. It is commonly used by larger, established businesses to profit from differences in supply and demand from consumers.
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Sue likes brownies. However, Sue notices that the more brownies she eats the less satisfaction she receives from each extra brownie. We can say that Sue is experiencing ___________________ from each extra brownie.
sugar sickness
total utility
diminishing marginal utility
increasing marginal utility
If Sue notice that "more-brownies" she eats "less-satisfaction" she gets from each "extra-brownie". We say that Sue is experiencing diminishing marginal utility from each extra brownie, the correct option is (c).
The Diminishing "Marginal-Utility" is defined as the economic concept that states that the more a person consumes of a particular good or service, the less satisfaction or utility they receive from each additional unit consumed, assuming that other factors remain constant.
In Sue's case, the marginal utility of each additional brownie she eats is decreasing, which means that she is less satisfied with each additional-brownie.
Total-utility refers to the total amount of satisfaction or utility a person receives from consuming a particular quantity of a good or service.
Sugar-sickness is not a term used in economics, and increasing marginal utility is the opposite of diminishing marginal utility, where a person experiences increasing satisfaction or utility from each additional unit consumed.
Therefore, the correct option is (c).
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The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
Sue likes brownies. However, Sue notices that the more brownies she eats the less satisfaction she receives from each extra brownie. We can say that Sue is experiencing _______ from each extra brownie.
(a) sugar sickness
(b) total utility
(c) diminishing marginal utility
(d) increasing marginal utility
Sue is experiencing diminishing marginal utility from each extra brownie.
Marginal utility is a term used in economics to describe the additional satisfaction or utility that a consumer derives from consuming an additional unit of a particular good or service. In other words, it is the increase in total utility that results from consuming one more unit of a good or service. Marginal utility is generally assumed to decrease as more and more units of a good or service are consumed. This is known as the law of diminishing marginal utility. The idea behind this law is that as a person consumes more of a good, the additional utility they derive from each additional unit decreases, eventually reaching a point where the utility gained from consuming more is zero or even negative.
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beta electronics issued 10,000 shares of $1 stated value common stock at $3 per share. what is the journal entry to record this transaction?
The journal entry to record the transaction of issuance of 10,000 shares of $1 stated value common stock at $3 per share would be:
Debit: Cash $30000
Credit: Common Stock $10000
Credit: Additional Paid-in Capital $20000
A "Journal-Entry" is a record of a financial transaction in which the debits and credits of the transaction are written.
The company has received $30,000 cash in exchange for issuing 10,000 shares of common stock, because 10000×3 = 30000,
The "par-value" of the stock is $1 per share, so the company credits the Common Stock account for $10,000, representing the par value of the shares issued, because 10000×1 = 10000;
The remaining amount : 30000-10000 = $20,000 represents the excess of the cash received over the par value, and is recorded as an increase in Additional Paid-in Capital.
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Ownership of intellectual property rights is more problematic in open innovation projects than in subcontract or acquisition situations.
True or False
Ownership of intellectual property rights is more problematic in open innovation projects than in subcontract or acquisition situations. True.
Open innovation projects involve the collaboration of multiple entities, often including external partners, to jointly develop new products, services, or technologies. In this type of project, ownership of intellectual property (IP) rights can be more complicated compared to subcontract or acquisition situations, where ownership of the IP is usually more clearly defined.
In open innovation projects, different entities may contribute their own intellectual property or jointly develop new IP, making it difficult to determine who owns the rights to the resulting IP. This can create challenges around licensing, commercialization, and protection of the IP, and may require more complex agreements and negotiations among the parties involved.
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What assumption focuses on consumer choices that result in different outcontes such as happiness, satisfaction, or Ulty?a. Consumer power b. Consumer preference c. Consumer support d. Consumer decisions
The term that focuses on consumer choices resulting in different outcomes such as happiness, satisfaction, or utility is b) Consumer preference.
Consumer preference refers to the individual tastes and preferences of consumers when making choices between different products or services. These preferences are influenced by factors such as price, quality, convenience, and personal values, among others.
In the context of economics, consumer preference is a key assumption in the study of consumer behavior and decision-making. It is believed that consumers make choices based on their individual preferences, aiming to maximize their satisfaction or utility. This assumption underpins various economic models and theories, such as the law of demand, which states that as the price of a good or service increases, the quantity demanded decreases, and vice versa.
Understanding consumer preferences is essential for businesses, as it allows them to cater to the needs and wants of their target audience. By analyzing consumer preferences, companies can design and market products or services that appeal to the tastes and priorities of their customers, ultimately leading to increased sales and customer satisfaction.
Therefore, the correct answer is b) Consumer preference.
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(a) Explain what would happen to the exchange rate if the return on foreign assets increases, everything else held constant. (3 marks)
(b) Now assume that the central bank wishes to fix the exchange rate at its original level. Describe the type of foreign exchange intervention that the central bank would undertake. (3 marks)
If the return on foreign assets increases, then there will be an increase in demand for foreign assets. This increase in demand will lead to an increase in the price of foreign currency relative to the domestic currency, causing a depreciation in the exchange rate.
Therefore, the exchange rate will decrease. If the central bank wishes to fix the exchange rate at its original level, it would undertake a type of foreign exchange intervention called "sterilized intervention". This involves the central bank buying or selling its own currency in the foreign exchange market in order to maintain the exchange rate at a desired level.
To sterilize the intervention, the central bank would also engage in open market operations, such as buying or selling government bonds, to offset the impact of the foreign exchange intervention on the money supply. This ensures that the intervention does not have any unintended consequences on domestic monetary policy.
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People value the ability to connect with a driver rapidly, rather than waiting for a scarce taxicab. And people (with a nice enough car) can earn extra cash giving rides, working as little or as much as they please. Today, an estimated 2 million people drive for Uber, often evenings and weekends after they’re finished the day at a full-time job. Explain how the growth of Uber reflects the way in which ridesharing has altered the opportunity cost of leisure.
The growth of Uber reflects the way in which ridesharing has altered the opportunity cost of leisure by making it easier for people to earn money during their free time. Prior to the rise of ridesharing services like Uber, individuals had limited options for earning extra income during their leisure time.
They could take on a part-time job or start a small business, but these options often required a significant investment of time and resources.
With the advent of Uber, individuals with a nice enough car can sign up to drive and start earning money almost immediately, without the need for a significant investment. This has lowered the opportunity cost of leisure time for many people, as they now have a more attractive option for earning money during their free time.
Rather than spending their evenings and weekends watching TV or engaging in other leisure activities, individuals can now sign up to drive for Uber and earn money.
In addition, Uber has made it easier for people to connect with a driver rapidly, which has further increased the demand for ridesharing services. People value the ability to get a ride quickly, rather than waiting for a scarce taxicab, and Uber has been able to capitalize on this demand by offering a convenient and reliable service.
The growth of Uber and other ridesharing services has also led to increased competition in the transportation industry, which has lowered prices and made it easier for people to afford transportation. This has further increased the demand for ridesharing services, as more people are able to afford to take advantage of these services.
Overall, the growth of Uber reflects the way in which ridesharing has altered the opportunity cost of leisure by making it easier for people to earn money during their free time, and by providing a convenient and reliable transportation option that people value highly.
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an employee record that contains information needed to compute earnings and complete tax reports is called a(n): multiple choice question.
The employee record comprises information which are needed to place earnings and complete tax reports is known as a payroll register.
It is a form of tool that records wage payment information about each employee – gross pay, deductions, tax withholding, net pay and other payroll-related information – for each pay interval and pay date.
It is present in many forms, from manual booklets and ad-hoc registers created in Excel to reports produced by dedicated payroll software.
It consists of different types of payroll reports that can be created for different purposes.
Employee-specific reports: Pay stubs, or employee earnings reports, detail compensation, taxes, and elimination for individual employees.
Employee time reports: These reports show how much time employees have worked and how much they have been paid for that time.
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Another name for take-home pay is:
a. Monthly savings
b. Discretionary income
c. Disposable income
d. Gross income
e. Deductions
The correct answer is c. Disposable income. Another name for take-home pay is disposable income, which is the amount of money an individual has left after deductions such as taxes, social security contributions, and other deductions have been taken out of their gross income.
Monthly savings refer to the amount of money that an individual sets aside from their disposable income to save for future expenses or investments, while discretionary income refers to the amount of money that an individual has left over after essential expenses have been paid for, which they can choose to spend or save as they please.
Gross income is the total amount of income earned before any deductions are taken out, while deductions refer to the amount of money that is subtracted from an individual's gross income to arrive at their disposable income.
Another name for take-home pay is c. Disposable income.
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Are Labor unions are the primary reason the standard of living in the United States has changed over time ?
Labor unions have been a vital force in shaping the American labor landscape and improving the standard of living for workers. However, they are not the sole reason for such changes other factors have played an important role as well.
Labor unions have played a significant role in improving the standard of living in the United States over time, but it is difficult to say that they are the primary reason for such changes. Unions have fought for higher wages, better working conditions, and improved benefits for their members, which have ultimately raised the bar for all workers in various industries.
This has helped to reduce income inequality, increase job security, and provide a pathway for upward mobility for many workers. However, other factors have also contributed to the improvement of the standard of living in the United States.
Technological advancements, economic growth, government policies, and social movements have all played a role in shaping the country's economy and society. Additionally, the role of unions in the economy has declined in recent decades, and other forms of worker advocacy have emerged to address the challenges faced by workers.
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If the production function is Q = 30 + 38L +34K, what's the most you can produce with 6 workers (L) and 9 unit of capital (K)? Enter as a value. Type your answer...
The most you can produce with 6 workers and 9 units of capital is 564 units
How to determine the maximum productionTo calculate the maximum production using the given production function Q = 30 + 38L + 34K, we simply need to substitute the values of L (workers) and K (units of capital) into the equation.
With 6 workers (L) and 9 units of capital (K), the production function becomes:
Q = 30 + 38(6) + 34(9)
Now, multiply the numbers within the parentheses:
Q = 30 + 228 + 306
Finally, add the numbers together to find the maximum production:
Q = 564
The answer of maximum production is 564 units.
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which inventory costing method is based on the actual cost of each particular unit of inventory?specific identification; weighted average; lifo; fifo
The inventory costing method that is based on the actual cost of each particular unit of inventory is the Specific Identification method.
How do inventory costing methods differ from others?Under the Specific Identification method, each unit of inventory is assigned a specific cost, which is based on the actual cost of the unit. This method is commonly used in industries where each unit of inventory can be easily identified and tracked, such as in the sale of cars or artwork.
In contrast, the Weighted Average method calculates the average cost of all units in inventory, while the FIFO (First-In, First-Out) method assumes that the first units purchased are also the first units sold, and the LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) method assumes that the last units purchased are the first units sold.
Overall, the choice of inventory costing method can have a significant impact on a company's financial statements and tax liabilities. It is important for businesses to choose the method that best reflects their specific inventory management needs and business operations.
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discuss, analyze and explain (2) how we examine theeffectiveness of communications approaches?200-300 w0rds
To examine the effectiveness of communication approaches, two key methods are commonly used: qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Qualitative analysis is useful for understanding how communication approaches affect individuals and groups, and for identifying areas where communication could be improved. This method is often used in focus groups, interviews, and surveys, where individuals are asked to provide feedback on communication approaches. Qualitative analysis can also be useful for identifying patterns and trends in communication, and for understanding the impact of communication on attitudes and behaviors.
Quantitative analysis, on the other hand, is useful for measuring the effectiveness of communication approaches in a more objective way. This method involves the use of statistical analysis to measure the impact of communication on specific outcomes, such as employee satisfaction or customer engagement. Surveys are a common tool used in quantitative analysis, where data is collected from a large sample of individuals and analyzed using statistical software.
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In business deals, Felipe, the chief executive officer of Glazed Donuts, Inc., follows duty-based ethical standards. These are most likely derived from:
a corporate ethics code
a cost-benefit analysis
philosophical reasoning
the law
These are most likely derived from: philosophical reasoning
Duty-based ethical standards are predicated on the notion that certain moral principles are intrinsically correct and should be obeyed regardless of the consequences or outcomes.
Rather than a business ethics code or cost-benefit analysis, these concepts are frequently developed from philosophical thinking or religious views. As a result, Felipe's duty-based ethical standards are most likely derived from philosophical reasoning.
It should be noted, however, that a corporate ethics code may include duty-based principles as part of its ethical standards, and the law may also reflect certain duty-based ethical principles.
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1. Consider the Heckscher-Ohlin model with two factors of production, labour L and capital K, and two goods, cars c and shoes s. Denote the factor prices by r for capital and w for labour. The production function for cars is given by 1-ac Fr(Kc, Lc) = KØL?- and for shoes by F (K,, L3) = KØL-as. Suppose that 1 > ac > as > 0. = (a) Derive the optimal factor input ratios Kg/L, for computers and shoes (g = c, s), depending on the relative factor price r/w. Which good is labour intensive? Can there be a factor intensity reversal? (b) Draw a graph showing the possible relationship between the factor price ratio . and optimal factor input ratios Kg/L, for computers and shoes (g =c, s). Add the curve for the relative aggregate factor demand (Kc+K3)/(Lc + Ls) to your graph (it is a weighted average of the two goods' relative factor demands) and mark the equilibrium factor price (w*/r*) in your graph. A country Home, with factor endowments KH and LH, opens up to free international trade of goods. Suppose that K/L" < KW/LW, where KW and LW are the factor endowments in the world. (c) Which good will Home export? Compared to the autarky equilibrium: will (i) the relative price of shoes, (ii) capital intensity in car production, (iii) capital intensity in shoe production and (iv) the relative factor price r/w have increased or decreased? Explain. (d) Compared to autarky, has the real wage (in terms of shoes and computers) increased or decreased? Explain. (e) Real world trade shows that economies both import and export both cars and shoes. Is this observation consistent with the model? Propose a suitable modi- fication of the model to account for this empirical fact. 1. Consider the Heckscher-Ohlin model with two factors of production, labour L and capital K, and two goods, cars c and shoes s. Denote the factor prices by r for capital and w for labour. The production function for cars is given by 1-ac Fr(Kc, Lc) = KØL?- and for shoes by F (K,, L3) = KØL-as. Suppose that 1 > ac > as > 0. = (a) Derive the optimal factor input ratios Kg/L, for computers and shoes (g = c, s), depending on the relative factor price r/w. Which good is labour intensive? Can there be a factor intensity reversal? (b) Draw a graph showing the possible relationship between the factor price ratio . and optimal factor input ratios Kg/L, for computers and shoes (g =c, s). Add the curve for the relative aggregate factor demand (Kc+K3)/(Lc + Ls) to your graph (it is a weighted average of the two goods' relative factor demands) and mark the equilibrium factor price (w*/r*) in your graph. A country Home, with factor endowments KH and LH, opens up to free international trade of goods. Suppose that K/L" < KW/LW, where KW and LW are the factor endowments in the world. (c) Which good will Home export? Compared to the autarky equilibrium: will (i) the relative price of shoes, (ii) capital intensity in car production, (iii) capital intensity in shoe production and (iv) the relative factor price r/w have increased or decreased? Explain. (d) Compared to autarky, has the real wage (in terms of shoes and computers) increased or decreased? Explain. (e) Real world trade shows that economies both import and export both cars and shoes. Is this observation consistent with the model? Propose a suitable modi- fication of the model to account for this empirical fact.
(a) The optimal factor input ratios Kc/Lc and Ks/Ls are determined by the equalization of the marginal products of capital and labor in each sector. Since 1-ac > as, cars are capital intensive and shoes are labor intensive. Factor intensity reversal is not possible.
(b) The graph shows the factor price line and the relative aggregate factor demand curve. The equilibrium factor price is where the factor price line intersects the relative aggregate factor demand curve.
(c) Home will export the good that intensively uses the country's abundant factor, which is labor in this case. Compared to autarky equilibrium, the relative price of shoes will increase, and the capital intensity in car production and the labor intensity in shoe production will increase. The relative factor price r/w will remain unchanged.
(d) The real wage in terms of both shoes and computers will increase due to specialization and trade.
(e) The model assumes that countries specialize completely in the production of one good and trade it with other countries. However, in reality, countries may produce and trade both goods due to differences in production costs and demand patterns. The model can be modified to include intra-industry trade, where countries produce and trade goods within the same industry.
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The business judgment rule refers to: A. Faithfulness to one's obligations and dutiesB. Honesty of purpose and caringC. Decision making under uncertaintyD. Acting with due care and good faith
D. Acting with due care and good faith. The business judgment rule is a legal principle that gives a degree of protection to directors and officers of a corporation in making business decisions.
It assumes that the decision-makers acted with due care and good faith, and in the best interests of the corporation. This means that they fulfilled their obligations and duties faithfully, but it does not necessarily refer to faithfulness itself as the main principle behind the rule.
Instead, it focuses on the decision-making process and the level of care and good faith exercised in making those decisions, even when faced with uncertainty.
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ursa major solar has the following process regarding its opportunities: there are three different lines of business (widget a, widget b, widget c) that each contain fields specific to that line of business's industry and customers. for each line of business, there is a specific set of fields that sales users should see and a different set of fields that marketing users should see. an administrator needs to configure page layouts and record types for the opportunity object so that each team sees what it needs to see, without cluttered layouts containing unnecessary fields. what should the administrator do to accomplish this goal?
The administrator should create different page layouts and record types for each line of business and each user type.
For example, they should create a page layout and record type for widget a sales users, a page layout and record type for widget a marketing users, a page layout and record type for widget b sales users, a page layout and record type for widget b marketing users, and so on. This will allow each user to see the fields and information that are relevant to their line of business and job function.
The administrator should also ensure that the page layouts are streamlined and contain only the necessary fields. This will provide a more efficient and organized user experience, helping to streamline business processes and increase productivity.
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TC = 193 + 50Q + 4Q2 What is the average variable cost when 11 units are produced? Enter as a value.
The average variable cost when 11 units are produced is 94.
To calculate the average variable cost when 11 units are produced given the total cost function TC = 193 + 50Q + 4Q², follow these steps:
1. Identify the variable cost (VC) function: In this case, the variable cost function is the portion of the total cost function that includes the terms with Q: VC = 50Q + 4Q².
2. Substitute the quantity (Q) with the given units: Since we're asked to find the average variable cost when 11 units are produced, substitute Q with 11: VC = 50(11) + 4(11²).
3. Calculate the variable cost: VC = 50(11) + 4(121) = 550 + 484 = 1034.
4. Calculate the average variable cost (AVC): AVC is the variable cost divided by the number of units produced. So, AVC = VC / Q = 1034 / 11.
5. Solve for AVC: AVC = 1034 / 11 = 94.
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People value the ability to connect with a driver rapidly, rather than waiting for a scarce taxicab. And people (with a nice enough car) can earn extra cash giving rides, working as little or as much as they please. Today, an estimated 2 million people drive for Uber, often evenings and weekends after they’re finished the day at a full-time job. Explain how the growth of Uber reflects the way in which ridesharing has altered the opportunity cost of leisure.
The growth of Uber reflects how ridesharing has altered the opportunity cost of leisure because it provides people with a convenient and flexible way to earn extra money. Before Uber, the opportunity cost of leisure for many people was simply relaxing at home or engaging in low-paying part-time jobs.
However, with the introduction of ridesharing, people can now use their own car to earn extra cash without the constraints of a traditional part-time job. This means that the opportunity cost of leisure has shifted towards earning extra income, as people can now work as little or as much as they please and choose their own hours.
Moreover, the ease and convenience of Uber have also altered the way people view transportation. In the past, people had to wait for a scarce taxicab, which was often unpredictable and unreliable.
Now, with Uber, people can connect with a driver rapidly and efficiently. This has made transportation more accessible and convenient, further increasing the demand for Uber.
In summary, the growth of Uber reflects how ridesharing has altered the opportunity cost of leisure by providing people with a flexible and convenient way to earn extra money.
This, combined with the ease and accessibility of the service, has created a new way of viewing transportation, making Uber an increasingly popular option for people around the world.
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According To the law of marginal diminishing return, if a variable factor input to a given amount of fixed factor is increased by a firm keeping the technology as constant, what will be observed about the marginal product of the variable input? A. Eventually it will decline B. It will constantly increase C. It will always remain same D. None of above
This means that as a firm eventually, it will decline.
What will be observed about the marginal product of the variable input?According to the law of marginal diminishing return, if a variable factor input to a given amount of fixed factor is increased by a firm keeping the technology as constant, the marginal product of the variable input will eventually decline.
The law of marginal diminishing return states that as a firm increases the amount of a variable input while holding the amount of fixed input constant, the marginal product of the variable input will eventually decline.
This means that as a firm adds more of the variable input (such as labor or capital), there will be a point at which the additional output produced by each additional unit of the variable input will start to decrease.
So, the correct answer is A. Eventually, it will decline.
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true or false: the most important step in conducting good search engine advertising is to select which searches to target for ad exposure. true false
This is because search engine advertising works on the basis of targeting specific keywords or search queries that are relevant to your product or service. the statement is True.
To make the most of your advertising budget, it is important to target the searches that are most likely to result in clicks, conversions, and sales. This involves understanding your target audience, their search behavior, and the keywords they use to find products or services like yours.Keyword research and analysis are essential for identifying the most relevant and high-converting search queries to target in your advertising campaigns. By targeting the right searches, you can ensure that your ads are displayed to users who are actively searching for products or services like yours, and are therefore more likely to be interested in what you have to offer.In summary, selecting the right searches to target for ad exposure is a crucial step in conducting good search engine advertising. It helps to ensure that your ads are displayed to the right audience and can help to maximize your advertising ROI.For such more question on search engine
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6. If Podunk's airport allows night takeoffs and landings, the 40 houses nearby each have a market value $3000 less than when no night takeoffs and landings are permitted. Suppose the residents have a property right to prevent night-time noise. The outcome of bargaining between the residents and the airport authority will be: a) Night flights unless each resident pays as much as $3000 b) No night flights unless the airport pays $120,000 in compensation. c) Night flights if the PDV of these flights exceeds $120,000. d) a) and c) e) b) and c)
The answer to this question is (e) b) and c). This is because the residents have a property right to prevent night-time noise, which means that the airport authority cannot simply allow night takeoffs and landings without compensation.
If they do allow night flights, the market value of the nearby houses will decrease by $3000 each, resulting in a total loss of $120,000 for the residents.
Therefore, the airport authority will need to provide compensation to the residents in order to allow night flights. Option b) states that there will be no night flights unless the airport pays $120,000 in compensation, which is one possible outcome of bargaining between the residents and the airport authority.
However, option c) states that night flights will be allowed if the present discounted value (PDV) of these flights exceeds $120,000. This means that if the airport authority can demonstrate that the economic benefits of allowing night flights (such as increased revenue from additional flights) outweigh the costs to the residents, then they may be able to negotiate a deal to allow night flights without paying the full $120,000 in compensation.
Therefore, the most likely outcome of bargaining between the residents and the airport authority will be a combination of options b) and c), depending on the specific circumstances of the situation. The residents will likely demand compensation for the noise and decreased property values caused by night flights, while the airport authority will need to demonstrate that the economic benefits of allowing night flights outweigh these costs.
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(2) Two competing firms are each planning to introduce a new product. Each will decide whether to produce Product A, Product B, or Product C. They will make their choices at the same time. The resulti ng payoffs are shown to the right Are there any Nash equilibria in pure strategies? If so, then what are they? A. The Nash equilibria are for Firm 1 to introduce Product B and Firm 2 to introduce Product C and for Firm 1 to introduce Product C and Firm 2 to introduce Product B. B. The Nash equilibria are for Firm 1 to introduce Product A and Firm 2 to introduce Product C and for Firm 1 to introduce Product C and Firm 2 to introduce Product A. C. The Nash equilibria are for both firms to introduce Product B and for both firms to introduce Product A. D. The Nash equilibria are for Firm 1 to introduce Product A and Firm 2 to introduce Product B and for Firm 1 to introduce Product B and Firm 2 to introduce Product A E There are no Nash equilibria.
The Nash equilibria are for Firm 1 to introduce Product A and Firm 2 to introduce Product C and for Firm 1 to introduce Product C and Firm 2 to introduce Product A.
The Nash equilibria are for both firms to introduce Product B and for both firms to introduce Product A.
The Nash equilibria are for Firm 1 to introduce Product A and Firm 2 to introduce Product B and for Firm 1 to introduce Product B and Firm 2 to introduce Product A.
The correct options are B, C, and D.
In this scenario, each firm has three options to choose from when introducing a new product. The payoffs for each combination of choices are given in the table. To find the Nash equilibria, we need to identify the strategies that each firm will choose if they know what the other firm will choose.
Option A: If Firm 1 chooses Product A, then Firm 2's best response is to choose Product B. However, if Firm 2 chooses Product B, then Firm 1's best response is to choose Product A instead. This is not a Nash equilibrium because neither firm's choice is a best response to the other's.
Option B: If Firm 1 chooses Product C, then Firm 2's best response is to choose Product A. If Firm 2 chooses Product A, then Firm 1's best response is to choose Product C. This is a Nash equilibrium because both firms are making their best possible choice given what the other firm is doing.
Option C: If both firms choose Product B, then neither firm can improve their payoff by changing their choice. This is a Nash equilibrium.
Option D: If Firm 1 chooses Product A, then Firm 2's best response is to choose Product B. If Firm 2 chooses Product B, then Firm 1's best response is to choose Product A. This is a Nash equilibrium.
Option E: There are no Nash equilibria where both firms choose different products because each firm has a dominant strategy (i.e., they can always choose a product that gives them a better payoff, regardless of what the other firm chooses). Firm 1's dominant strategy is to choose Product A, and Firm 2's dominant strategy is to choose Product C.
Therefore, the Nash equilibria in pure strategies are options B, C, and D.
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If the Federal Reserve decided to include virtual money like Bitcoins in its measure of the money supply, what would be the effect on M1 or M2?A. M1 would rise.B. M1 would fall.C. M2 would fall but M1 would remain constant. D. M2 would rise but M1 would remain constant.
If the Federal Reserve were to include virtual currencies such as Bitcoin in its measure of the money supply, the effect on M1 and M2 would depend on the definition of the money supply that is being used.
If Bitcoin is included in M1, which consists of physical currency, demand deposits, and other liquid assets, then M1 would rise. This is because Bitcoin can be used to make purchases and can be easily converted into other currencies, making it a form of liquid asset.
If Bitcoin is included in M2, which consists of M1 plus savings deposits, money market funds, and other less liquid assets, then the effect on M2 would depend on the proportion of Bitcoin holdings in these other assets. If the proportion is small, then the effect on M2 would be negligible. However, if the proportion is large, then M2 would rise.
Overall, the inclusion of virtual currencies like Bitcoin in the money supply would likely complicate the calculation and interpretation of M1 and M2, and the Federal Reserve would need to carefully consider the implications of such a move.
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After German reunification and the disintegration of communist rule in Eastern Europe, most countries in that region sought to join the European Union (EU), including the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Many now use the euro. Why do you believe these countries were eager to integrate with Western Europe
The desire for political and economic freedom, access to a larger market, and greater political stability and cooperation were the main reasons why Eastern European countries sought to integrate with Western Europe by joining the European Union and adopting the euro.
The countries in Eastern Europe had suffered under communist rule for many years, and the collapse of the Soviet Union and the fall of the Berlin Wall signaled the end of this oppressive regime. The desire for political and economic freedom was strong, and the European Union represented an opportunity to achieve this.
By joining the EU and the EMU, these countries could benefit from the economic stability and growth that the EU offered. The EU provided access to a larger market, access to funding for infrastructure and development, and the opportunity to attract foreign investment.
Furthermore, membership in the EU represented a step towards greater political stability and cooperation, and the countries in Eastern Europe sought to be a part of this larger community of nations. Joining the EU also meant access to the Schengen Area, which allowed for the free movement of people and goods across borders, making it easier to travel and do business with other EU member states.
Finally, the adoption of the euro as a common currency offered economic benefits, including the elimination of exchange rate risk and greater price stability. This made it easier for businesses to operate across borders and helped to attract foreign investment.
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What has to hold for 8 for the strategies described in 430.1 for a SPE to exist. с D EXERCISE 429.1 (Grim trigger strategies in a general Prisoner's Dilemma) Find the EXERCISE 430.1 (Strategies in an infinitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma) Represent condition on the discount factor & under which the strategy pair in which each each of the following strategies for an infinitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma in a player uses the grim trigger strategy is a Nash equilibrium of the infinitely re- automaton like we did in class. peated game of the Prisoner's Dilemma in Figure 431.1.C D
C x,x 0,y
D y,0 1,1a. Choose C in period 1, and after any history in which the other player chose C in every period except, possibly, the previous period; choose D after any other history. (That is, punishment is grim, but its initiation is delayed by one period.) b.. Choose C in period 1 and after any history in which the other player chose D in at most one period; choose D after any other history. (That is, punishment is grim, but a single lapse is forgiven.) C. (Pavlov, or win-stay, lose-shift) Choose C in period 1 and after any history in which the outcome in the last period is either (C,C) or (D,D); choose D after any other history. (That is, choose the same action again if the outcome was relatively good for you, and switch actions if it was not.)
In order for a SPE to exist for the strategies described in 430.1, certain conditions must be met. Specifically, the strategy pair in which each player uses the grim trigger strategy is a Nash equilibrium of the infinitely repeated game of the Prisoner's Dilemma if the discount factor is greater than or equal to a certain threshold. This threshold depends on the specific grim trigger strategy being used.
For strategy (a), the condition is that the discount factor must be greater than or equal to 1/2. For strategy (b), the condition is that the discount factor must be greater than or equal to 1/3. And for strategy (c), the condition is that the discount factor must be greater than or equal to 1/4.
These conditions ensure that the players have sufficient incentive to stick with their chosen strategy, even in the face of the temptation to defect. If the discount factor is too low, a player may be willing to defect and risk punishment in the short term, since the future is discounted heavily. But as the discount factor increases, the player becomes more patient and values the future more highly, making it more costly to defect and increasing the effectiveness of punishment.
Thus, the existence of an SPE depends on both the specific strategies being used and the level of discounting in the game. A lapse in the punishment strategy may be forgiven under certain conditions, but overall, a strong and effective punishment strategy is necessary for cooperation to be sustained in the infinitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma.
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T/F: when a manufacturer directs the promotional mix to channel members to gain their cooperation in ordering and stocking the product, it is using strategy.
The statement is True. When a manufacturer directs the promotional mix, such as advertising or personal selling, to channel members with the aim of gaining their cooperation in ordering and stocking the product, it is using a push strategy.
A manufacturer is a company or organization that produces goods or products on a large scale using machines, equipment, and labor. The manufacturing process involves transforming raw materials into finished products through various stages of production, such as cutting, shaping, assembling, and packaging.
Manufacturers are responsible for ensuring the quality and consistency of their products, as well as managing the supply chain to ensure that raw materials are available and that finished products are delivered to customers on time. They may also be involved in research and development to improve existing products or to create new ones. Manufacturing plays a crucial role in the economy of many countries, providing jobs and contributing to GDP. It can encompass a wide range of industries, including automotive, electronics, textiles, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and many others.
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carlson advertising group wants to reach the entire u.s. to do this, the company should use a ________ media plan and this may call for network tv and radio, newspapers, and the internet.
To reach the entire U.S., Carlson Advertising Group should use a national media plan. This plan may call for the use of various media channels such as network TV and radio, newspapers, and the internet.
A national media plan is designed to reach a large and diverse audience across the entire country. By utilizing a combination of media channels, the company can reach a wider audience and increase brand awareness.
Network TV and radio are effective channels for reaching a broad audience, while newspapers can reach a more targeted audience based on geographical locations.
The internet provides a platform to reach audiences across the country with targeted ads and social media marketing. A well-executed national media plan can help Carlson Advertising Group effectively reach the entire U.S. audience.
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Organizations that provide extrinsic rewards to employees performing creative work may run the risk of employees perceiving such rewards as bribes.
True or False?
The given statement "Organizations that provide extrinsic rewards to employees may run the risk of employees perceiving such rewards as bribes." is true because it gives perception of being bribe.
Extrinsic rewards refer to rewards that come from external factors, such as pay raises, bonuses, and promotions. When organizations provide such rewards to employees performing creative work, it can lead to a perception that the rewards are intended to bribe employees into being creative, rather than recognizing and supporting their creativity.
This perception can undermine the intrinsic motivation that drives creativity and lead to a focus on external rewards rather than creative exploration and problem-solving.
Research suggests that extrinsic rewards may be effective in promoting short-term task completion, but they can reduce intrinsic motivation and creativity in the long run.
Therefore, organizations should carefully consider the use of extrinsic rewards for creative work and strive to balance them with intrinsic rewards, such as autonomy, purpose, and mastery.
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Please classify the following barriers to entry as economies of scale, ownership of a key input, or as government-imposed barriers to entry.
1) There are a limited number of licenses for taxi drivers in NYC
2) Carribean Cruz owns the only swimmable beach on an exclusive island in the Bahamas
3) The government establishes a quota on how much foreign oil can be imported
4) Drug companies obtain patents so that they can recover research and development costs by exclusive sale of the drug for some numbers of years
5) It is very expensive to build an amusement park, but not that expensive to admit an additional customer
6) Building a brewery is a high start up cost operation
7) The governemnt established a tariff on tear
The following barriers to entry as economies of scale, ownership of a key input, or government-imposed barriers to entry are:
1. Government-imposed barriers to entry
2. Ownership of a key input
3. Government-imposed barriers to entry
4. Ownership of a key input
5. Economies of scale
6. Economies of scale
7. Government-imposed barriers to entry.
Ownership refers to the legal right of an individual or entity to have control over a tangible or intangible asset. It means having the right to use, possess, transfer, and dispose of the asset as one sees fit. Tangible assets may include physical objects such as land, buildings, and personal property, while intangible assets may include intellectual property, such as patents, copyrights, and trademarks. Ownership implies responsibility for the asset and the consequences of its use, including any liabilities or risks associated with it.
Ownership is a fundamental concept in economics and is often used to determine who has the right to profit from an asset. It also plays an important role in social and political systems, as ownership can confer power and influence. Different types of ownership structures include private ownership, public ownership, and collective ownership. The concept of ownership can vary across cultures and societies, and different legal systems may have different definitions and protections for ownership rights.
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At maturity, a deposit of $6,000 in a certificate of deposit (CD) for 10 years at 3% will be worth: (Select the closest answer.)a. $7,340.b. $7,800.c. $8,064.d. $8,678.e. $9,005.
Answer:
$7,800
Explanation:
apply the formula:
(principal)(rate)(time)
=6000(0.03)(10)
=1800
add 1800 & 6000
=7,800
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