Reflex is the neural function which is processed directly by the spinal cord and not the brain and is denoted as option A.
What is Reflex?This is referred to an involuntary action done by the body in response to a certain type of stimulus.
The reflex arc controls reflex actions and passes through only the synapse in the spinal cord which is why the brain isn't involved in its processing.
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Normal microbiota provide protection from infection in each of the following ways EXCEPT Group of answer choices they change the pH of the environment. they produce lysozyme. they make the chemical environment unsuitable for nonresident bacteria. they compete with pathogens for nutrients. they produce antibacterial chemicals.
Normal microbiota provide protection from infection in each of the following ways except they produce lysozyme.
Normal microbiota provides protection from infection by producing lysozyme:Normal Microbiota (Normal Flora) Microorganisms that live with us or colonize on the surface of our body. The areas of the skin that are dry, wet, and sebum-rich are dominated by various types of bacteria. Betaproteobacteria and Propionibacteria are often the most prevalent germs in the dry and sebaceous regions, respectively. Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus are most frequently found in damp areas.
By activating immune responses, metabolically keeping pathogens out of their favored habitats, and directly combating microbes, the microbiota defends against infection. A significant risk factor for the colonization of bacteria-causing pathogens is the disruption of the microbiota, notably by antibiotics.
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scientists sometimes conduct ___ studies on animals in which sections of their brain are surgically excised to see how it affects their behvior
Scientists sometimes conduct lesion studies on animals in which sections of their brains are surgically excised.
Lesion studies are directly related to dysfunction of the brain and also identify the defect in the brain. The manipulations in the brain can be done and their behavior can be studied. If the part of the brain is excised, it can lead to impaired movement, irritation, blurry vision, hearing loss, and also in the involuntary movement of some parts of the body. The other behavioral alterations can be memory loss and also hampers the ability to make quick decisions.
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The core of Linnaeus' system of biological classification is a close examination of physical similarities and differences between groups of organisms. That is, comparisons of
The core of Linnaeus' system of biological classification is a close examination of physical similarities and differences between groups of organisms. That is, comparisons of similarities in obvious physical traits.
Taxonomy, or the science of categorizing and naming living things, was founded by Carolus Linnaeus. The creation of a hierarchical framework for classifying nature was one of his accomplishments. Eight taxa are currently part of this system: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.Living creatures are still categorized using the Linnean method, but we now recognize that the divisions into Kingdoms and Species are somewhat arbitrary. Physical comparisons can occasionally be deceptive, but they are frequently useful for determining connections between species.Sharks, dolphins, and penguins are not closely related, but because they swim through the water, they have all developed streamlined body shapes.learn more about Linnaeus' system here: https://brainly.com/question/12180488
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A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______. A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______. genomes centrosomes centromeres sister chromatids
Answer:
The answer is chromatids.
Explanation:
A duplicated chromosome consists of two sister chromatids. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
A duplicated chromosome consists of two sister chromatids, which are exact copies of each other. During the S (synthesis) phase of the cell cycle, the DNA of a chromosome is replicated to produce two identical DNA molecules, and these two DNA molecules remain attached at a specialized region called the centromere. This attachment holds the sister chromatids together until they are separated during cell division.
When the cell enters mitosis (or meiosis), the duplicated chromosome condenses and becomes visible under a microscope. The sister chromatids are held together at the centromere, forming an X-shaped structure. During the process of cell division, the sister chromatids are pulled apart and distributed to the two daughter cells, ensuring that each cell receives an identical set of genetic information.
The presence of sister chromatids in a duplicated chromosome is essential for maintaining genetic stability and accurately transmitting genetic material from one generation of cells to the next. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
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What is a possible consequence of decreased biodiversity?
O A. Replacement species fill the niches of extinct species.
OB. Resilience to change increases.
O C. Natural food sources disappear.
OD. New medicines are discovered in the wild.
Answer: it will be c , got it right on my test
Explanation:
________ is a floristic association usually found in slightly drier climates than the forest floristic association. Shrublands Steppes Woodlands Beaches Grasslands
Answer: Woodlands
Explanation:
How to compare my DNA with the DNA of my best friend?
How would our DNA be similar? How would it be different?
Human DNA is 99.9% identical from person to person. Although 0.1% difference doesn't sound like a lot, it actually represents millions of different locations within the genome where variation can occur, equating to a breathtakingly large number of potentially unique DNA sequences.
hope this helps u :)
Which of the following are reactants of photosynthesis?
O 6CO2 + 6H₂O + Energy
O C6H12O6 + 602
O CO2 + H₂O + Energy
O C6H12O6 + 02
Adults who are on their feet alot for work will often soak their swollen ankles in a pail of hot water with Epsom salt dissolved in it what type of solution is the foot soaking in.
1. Hypertonic
2. Hypotonic
3. Isotonic
The type of solution formed is hypertonic.
What are hypertonic solutions?Hypertonic solutions are solutions with higher dissolved solutes as compared to the sap of the cells suspended in them.
Epsom salt is made up largely of magnesium sulfate. Thus, a solution formed by dissolving Epsom salt is water will have more magnesium in it than the cells of the part of the body soaked in it.
Hence, such a solution is hypertonic.
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In a wheel and axel,the radius of the wheel is 50cm and that of the axel is 20 cm.if a load is 2000n is lifted by applying an effort of 1000n,calculate ma,vr and
The value of actual machine advantage (MA) is 2, velocity ration (VR) is 2.5 and efficiency η is 80%.
Calculation:
It is given that the radius of the wheel is 50 cm, radius of axle is 20 cm, load is 2000 N and effort is 1000 N.
Let, R = 50 cm
r = 20 cm
L= 2000 N
E = 1000 N
We have to calculate actual machine advantage, velocity ratio and efficiency.
We know that,
Actual machine advantage is the ratio of load and effort.MA=L/E
=2000/1000
=2
Velocity ratio is obtained by the ratio of radius of wheel to the radius of axle.VR=R/r
=50/20
=2.5
Efficiency is the percentage of the ratio of actual advantage and velocity ration.η=(MA/VR)*100
=(2/2.5)*100
=(0.8)*100
=80%
Since your question is incomplete, your complete question might be
"In a wheel and axel, the radius of the wheel is 50cm and that of the axel is 20 cm. If a load is 2000n is lifted by applying an effort of 1000n,calculate ma, vr and η."
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what is the end result of miosis
Answer:
Meiosis results in the formation of four daughter cells that are haploid.
Meiosis is a process of cell division.
Hope it helps!
Answer:
four daughter cells
Explanation:
The region of the nephron that collectively (when combining the effects of each of your nephrons) produces about 180 L of filtrate per day is the:
The region of the nephron that collectively (when combining the effects of each of your nephrons) produces about 180 L of filtrate per day is the Glomerulus capsule.
Small molecules and water can pass through the Bowman's capsule, which encloses the glomerulus, but larger molecules cannot. The Bowman's capsule is then used to collect the filtrate and transmit it through the nephron.The vascular system of the glomerulus produces a filtrate from the blood that enters the urinary space defined by Bowman's capsule, The tubule, and the duct, where the reabsorption of ions, proteins, and water back into the bloodstream determines the final composition of the urine.
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can someone please help me with meassuring pH lab report edge
Answer:
hey i am sending you the link from that link you can find your answers
Explanation:
https://acrobat.adobe.com/link/review?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:55617ca4-6031-3011-a5b5-356b52d34d36
A woman cannot produce several types of lipases and amylases. name a problem
this individual would have and explain why.
Answer:
Lipases and Amylases:
Lipases are a class of digestive enzyme produced by the pancreas. These enzymes are responsible for breaking down fatty acid chains into their smaller sub units so that they can be absorbed by the body. Amylases are a class of digestive enzyme produces by the salivary glands in the mouth and the pancreas. These enzymes breakdown carbohydrates into smaller sub units so they can be absorbed.
Explanation:
because of excessive amount of protease this problem may have protein lack causing various problem in body
Imagine that a company is planning to build a new factory in your region that will provide hundreds of well-paid jobs, but will cause minor amounts of air pollution within a two-mile radius. answer the following questions: how would you rate your support for the factory if you lived 50 miles away from its planned location? how would you rate your support for the factory if you only lived one mile away from its planned location? explain any differences between your answers.
I would support the factory if I lived 50 miles away from the planned factory location. However, I would be worried if I only lived one mile away from the planned factory, because of possible health effects, bad smells, and a potential decrease in property values.
What is Air pollution ?Factories contaminate the air by blowing chemical vapors and smoke out through vents and smokestacks, and by burning waste in open dumps or incinerators.
Exhaust from generators, diesel trucks, and buses also fill the air with dangerous gases.The amount of toxic gases that factories release into the air increases health and environmental damages. In factories, toxic materials and gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, are burned and pumped out into the atmosphere.Learn more about Air pollution here:
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Fiber functions as ________ because increases the bulk of stool, it helps keep things moving through the digestive tract, and it encourages the growth of friendly bacteria in the colon and their fermentation by-products.
Fiber functions as an anti-cancer agent because increases the bulk of stool, it helps keep things moving through the digestive tract, and it encourages the growth of friendly bacteria in the colon and their fermentation by-products.
Fiber slows the charge that sugar is absorbed into the bloodstream. when you eat foods excessive in fiber, together with beans and entire grains, the sugar in the meals is absorbed slower, which keeps your blood glucose levels from rising too fast. Normalizes bowel moves.
Dietary fiber binds bile, fatty acids, and blood cholesterol together right into a large bundle of waste. Because it makes stool bulkier, fiber promotes less difficult bowel moves and allows the transport LDL cholesterol from your frame.
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Where would a primary producer be located in a food chain
Proteins that function to catalyze biochemical reactions in the body are known as enzymes extracellular proteins essential amino acids complementing proteins
Proteins that function to catalyze biochemical reactions in the body are known as enzymes.
Proteins called enzymes aid in accelerating our bodies' chemical reactions, or metabolism. Some compounds are created, while others are broken down. Enzymes are a part of all living things. Enzymes are created by our bodies spontaneously. However, food and manufactured goods both contain enzymes.Proteins called enzymes assist our bodies' chemical reactions move forward more quickly.For several processes, including digestion and liver function, enzymes are crucial. Health issues might result from having too much or too little of a specific enzyme. Healthcare professionals can also use the enzymes in our blood to diagnose for injuries and illnesses.
Examples of a few enzymes:
Amylase is an enzyme made in the mouth.Trypsin is created in the pancreas.The stomach produces Pepsin.The pancreas produces pancreatic lipase.learn more about enzymes here: https://brainly.com/question/14577353
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1. Which of the following are leaf characteristics that can be used to classify plants? (Choose all that apply)
blade width
color
venation
arrangement
The leaf characteristics that can be used to classify plants include:
ColorVenationArrangementWhat are Plants?This is referred to as photosynthetic eukaryotes which have structures such as roots in the ground.
Plants are grouped based on the features of their leaves which are mentioned above.
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This pedigree supports the fact that widow's peak is due to a dominant allele, because if it were due to a recessive allele and both parents show the recessive phenotype, then ________.
This pedigree supports the fact that widow's peak is due to a dominant allele because if it were due to a recessive allele and both parents show the recessive phenotype, then all of the offspring would have a widow's peak.
What is the widow Peak gene?
A widow's peak is a distinctive, V-shaped hairline that tends to run in families. Despite the myths, it's probably no more significant than other genetic traits such as curly hair or a cleft chin. Some people prefer to downplay their widow's peak and some want to show it off.
The following genetic disorders are linked to the widow's peak: Arskog syndrome is a rare genetic condition that primarily affects men. Children with Aarskog syndrome have short stature in addition to deformities of the face, limbs, and genitalia.
There is a 75% likelihood that any of the offspring of parents who are heterozygous (Ww) will have a widow's peak.
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A researcher studying lobsters notices that there are distinctly different populations found in certain areas of their distribution. She postulates that this is due to primarily to coevolutionary relationships that are different in different areas due to the distribution of various parasites and mutualistic partners of the lobster species. If this hypothesis is correct it would be a clear example of ______________.
She postulates that this is due to primarily to coevolutionary relationships that are different in different areas due to the distribution of various parasites and mutualistic partners of the lobster species. If this hypothesis is correct it would be a clear example of mosaic coevolution.
According to the mosaic hypothesis of coevolution, geographic location and community ecology influence the different coevolution between closely related species in various populations. These populations might be divided in terms of time or location. Interspecific relationships can be mutualistic or hostile depending on the ecological circumstances. In mutualisms, both individuals gain from the encounter, whereas in antagonistic interactions, one partner typically has decreased fitness.Arms races involve two species figuring out how to "one up" each other. These correlations are influenced by a number of variables, such as trait mixing, hot regions, and cold places.
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She postulates that this is primarily to coevolutionary relationships that are different in different areas due to the distribution of various parasites and mutualistic partners of the lobster species. If this hypothesis is correct it would be a clear example of mosaic coevolution.
What is mosaic coevolution?The mosaic theory of coevolution states that geographic location and community ecology have an impact on the many coevolution between closely related species in different populations.
These populations may be separated based on time or place. Depending on the ecological context, interspecific relationships might be friendly or hostile.
In mutualism, both parties benefit from the interaction, whereas one party often has worse fitness in hostile interactions.
Arms races occur when two species try to outdo one another.
Trait mixing, hot locations, and cold places are only a few of the factors that affect these connections.
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The presence of ________ can be used to distinguish staphylococcus from other gram-positive cocci.
Answer: catalase test
Explanation: (this is easy).
The catalase test is a particularly important test used to determine whether the Gram + cocci is a staphylococci or a streptococci. Catalase is an enzyme that converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen gas.
You are working on a forensics team and collecting some cells from a crime scene. The cells are angular, rigid, and have a cell wall made up of cellulose. This sample most likely came from a(n)
The cells are angular, rigid, and have a cell wall made up of cellulose. This sample most likely came from a plant.
Chloroplasts, cell walls, and intracellular vacuoles are a few characteristics that set plant cells apart. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, cell walls provide plants the strength to stand upright, and vacuoles control how cells handle water and store other molecules.Plants have a specific cell wall in addition to a cell membrane. Cellulose, a thick material containing several sugar units, makes up this. This allows plants to seem rigid and robust because of their thick feature. Human cells, in contrast, lack a cell wall and are more flexible and spherical than plant cells.
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Another name for the evolutionary force called gene flow is Group of answer choices disruptive selection. the founder effect. admixture. transposition.
Another name for the evolutionary force called gene flow is Admixture.
What is gene flow?Gene flow or Gene migration is the introduction of genetic material (by interbreeding) from one population of a species to anotherIt changes the composition of the gene pool of the receiving population.What is admixture?Genetic admixture occurs when previously diverged or isolated genetic lineages mix. Admixture results in the introduction of new genetic lineages into a population.Learn more about gene flow here:
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which scentence accurately compares a tropical dry forest with a tropical rain forest?
A. A troipcal dry forest's species range over larger areas.
B. A tropical dry forest's soils contain fewer nutrients.
C. A tropical dry forest carries out more rapid nutrient cycling
D. A tropical dry forest has greater species richness
The sentence that accurately compares a tropical dry forest with a tropical rain forest is that a tropical dry forest's soils contain fewer nutrients. That is option B.
What is a tropical rain forest?A tropical rain forest is the type of forest that has high rain fall through out the year and they are located near the equator.
They are higher in nutrients when compared to the tropical dry forest.
Therefore, a tropical dry forest's soils contain fewer nutrients.
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Answer:
A. A troipcal dry forest's species range over larger areas.
Why was the bacterio-phage an excellent choice for research to determine whether genes are made of DNA or proteins?
Because it is a simple phage, DNA surrounded by a protein coat. This two part structure helped make it easy to figure out which part is causing the transformation.
Hope this helps! :)
DNA Polymerase is responsible for:
A. adding the new bases.
B. linking the short sections of the lagging side.
C. keeping the strands separated during replication.
D. unwinding and separating the DNA strands.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
DNA polymerase is responsible for adding to the bases of the structure.
Pectin is the . Group of answer choices primary organic acid found in the skin of fruit coloring compound found within the cells of fruit cementing compound between the cell walls of the fruit taste compound found under the skin of fruit
Pectin is the cementing compound between the cell walls of the fruit.
What is Pectin?Jellies, jams, and other preserves require pectin, a natural and widely available component. Jellies and jams won't gel if pectin isn't used.Pectin, a heteropolysaccharide starch, is a naturally occurring substance that gives the cell walls of fruits and vegetable structure. It gives jams and jellies their semisolid structure when they cool when coupled with acid, sugar, and other ingredients. The rinds, seeds, and membranes of citrus fruits, as well as some fruits like apples and quince, are naturally particularly rich in pectin.Citrus rinds are typically used to make commercial pectin. It can be pricey and is offered for sale as a dry powder and a liquid.To learn more about Pectin refer to:
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The process of liquid water gaining enough energy to turn into a vapor is called ________.
A. Evaporation
B. Condensation
C. Precipitation
D. Transpiration
Answer:
A
Explanation:
because when sun shines on water, it turns into heat and evaporate
Escherichia coli has a doubling time of 30 minutes. If a culture has 10 E. coli cells at the beginning of log phase, how many E. coli cells will be in the culture after two hours
80 E. coli cells will be in the culture after two hours.
What is culture?The development of the human, plant, or animal cells in a lab, as well as microorganisms like bacteria and yeast. Cell cultures can be used for research, medication testing, and infection diagnosis.
Primary (mortal) cultures and cultures of established (immortal) cell lines are the two main categories of cultures.
One of the most crucial methods in cellular and molecular biology is cell culture because it offers a platform for studying the biology, biochemistry, physiology, metabolism, and other aspects of both healthy and diseased cells.
A culture of 10 E. coli cells.
Incubation time = 2 hours = 120min
Doubling time = 30min (120/30 = 4)
So, 1 cell - 30min = 2 cells - 30min = 4 cells - 30min = 8 cells - 30min
Therefore, 8 ₓ 10 = 80cells of E. coli at the end of 2 hours of incubation time.
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