Answers
Answer: c. $311 mllon
Explanation:
Non-cash items are those items that go into the income statement and can either increase or decrease profits but do not have an actual cash value. In other words, they may affect the calculation of profit but they do not impact the company's cash flow.
Examples include; Depreciation and Amortization
, deferred income taxes and loss on disposal of property and equipment.
From the statements of Woodlands Inc., there seems to be only one non-cash item which is Depreciation at a value of $311 million.
Related Questions
pes
Here is some basic data for Honey Dukes Corporation:
Beginning raw materials inventory
Beginning finished goods inventory
Cost of direct materials requisitioned
Actual manufacturing overhead
Cost of goods sold
$37,000 Beginning work in process inventory
59,000 Cost of materials purchased
87,000 Direct labor incurred
195,000 Completed goods
255,000 Manufacturing overhead rate (% of
direct labor)
68,000
188,000
195,000
287,000
125%
The journal entry to record the cost of jobs sold would include a
O credit to Finished Goods Inventory account for $255,000.
debit to Finished Goods Inventory account for $255,000.
O credit to Finished Goods Inventory account for $287,000.
debit to Cost of Goods Sold account for $287,000.
Answers
For Honey Dukes Corporation, a debit of $287,000 from the Cost of Goods Sold account and a credit of the same amount to the Finished Goods Inventory account would be the appropriate journal entry to reflect the cost of jobs sold.
Record the journal entry.For Honey Dukes Corporation, the correct journal entry to represent the cost of jobs sold would be a debit of $287,000 from the Cost of Goods Sold account and a credit of the same number to the Completed Products Inventory account. This is because the cost of products sold, which accounts for the price of all things sold during the time and includes the cost of direct material and direct, direct labour, and manufacturing overhead. The finished products inventory account reflects the cost of all produced goods available for sale but not yet purchased. The cost is thus transferred from the finished products inventories account to the cost of goods sold column when the goods are sold.
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The elements of professionalism contains_ attributes.
Answers
Answer:
Competency.
Explanation:
Convex Mechanical Supplies produces a product with the following costs as of July 1, 20X1: Material $5 Labor 3 Overhead 2 $10 Beginning inventory at these costs on July 1 was 11,500 units. From July 1 to December 1, Convex produced 26,000 units. These units had a material cost of $7 per unit. The costs for labor and overhead were the same. Convex uses FIFO inventory accounting. a. Assuming that Convex sold 28,000 units during the last six months of the year at $14 each, what would gross profit be?
Answers
Answer:
Gross profit= $79,000
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
July 1, 20X1:
Material $5
Labor 3
Overhead 2
Total= $10
Beginning inventory at these costs on July 1 was 11,500 units.
From July 1 to December 1, Convex produced 26,000 units.
These units had a material cost of $7 per unit.
First, we need to determine the cost of goods sold. Under the FIFO (first-in, first-out) method, the COGS is calculated using the cost of the first units produces.
COGS= 11,500*10 + 16,500*12= $313,000
Now, we can calculate the gross profit:
Gross profit= sales - cogs
Gross profit= 28,000*14 - 313,000
Gross profit= $79,000
Which of the following is a descriptive data mining technique?
1. Linear Programming.
2. Decision Analysis-Utility Theory.
3. SQL.
4. Cluster Analysis.
5. What-If Analysis.
Answers
Answer:
Descriptive data mining technique:
4. Cluster Analysis
Explanation:
Cluster Analysis is one of the data mining techniques. It classifies variables into similar groups according to their subjects. It is also a descriptive technique. Descriptive mining produces correlation, cross tabulation, frequency, etc, thereby discovering the regularities in the data, revealing data patterns, and discovering the subgroups of the data.
The number of taxicabs in Motorville and the taxicab fares are regulated. The fare currently charged is Rs.500 a ride. Motorville taxicab drivers want to obtain government's permission to raise the fare to increase their revenues and ask you to be their economic adviser. After studying the market, you come up with the following demand schedule for taxicab rides:
Price (Rupees per ride) Quantity demanded (rides per month)
300 160
400 120
500 80
600 40
700 0
(i) Calculate the price elasticity of demand for taxicab rides as the fare rises from Rs.500 to Rs.600. Is the demand price elastic or inelastic for this fare rise? (2 Marks)
(ii) What happens to the taxicab drivers' total revenue if the fare rises from Rs.500 to Rs.600? How can you use your answers in part “a” to answer this question? Should the drivers try to obtain permission to raise the fare? (2 Marks)
(iii) Calculate the price elasticity of demand for taxicab rides as the fare falls from Rs.500 to Rs.400. Is the demand price elastic or inelastic for this fare decrease?
Answers
Answer:
The answer is below
Explanation:
i) The price elasticity of demand is given by the formula:
[tex]Price \ elasticity\ of \ demand=\frac{\Delta Q}{\Delta P} =\frac{\frac{Q_2-Q_1}{(Q_2+Q_1)/2} }{\frac{P_2-P_1}{(P_2+P_1)/2} } \\\\Price \ elasticity\ of \ demand=\frac{\frac{40-80}{(40+80)/2} }{\frac{600-500}{(600+500)/2} }=\frac{-2/3}{2/11} =3.667 (ignore \ the\ sign)[/tex]
Since the price elasticity of demand is greater than 1 hence it is elastic
ii) Since the price elasticity of demand is elastic as a result of increase in fare, hence the total revenue would decrease.
iii)
[tex]Price \ elasticity\ of \ demand=\frac{\Delta Q}{\Delta P} =\frac{\frac{Q_2-Q_1}{(Q_2+Q_1)/2} }{\frac{P_2-P_1}{(P_2+P_1)/2} } \\\\Price \ elasticity\ of \ demand=\frac{\frac{120-80}{(120+80)/2} }{\frac{400-500}{(400+500)/2} }=\frac{0.4}{-2/9} =1.8 (ignore \ the\ sign)[/tex]
Since the price elasticity of demand is greater than 1 hence it is elastic
Where would period costs be found on the financial statements?A. As operating expenses on the income statement in the period incurred.B. As operating expenses on the income statement for a previous period.C. Under current assets on the balance sheet.D. Under current liabilities on the balance sheet.
Answers
Answer:
A. As operating expenses on the income statement in the period incurred
Explanation:
In Variable Costing, Both Fixed Manufacturing Costs and Non - Manufacturing Costs are treated as Period costs. In Absorption Costing, only Non - Manufacturing Costs are treated as Period costs.
Period Costs can be found under operating expenses on the income statement in the period incurred.
Examples include Advertising, Rentals, Selling and Distribution and any Administration costs.
A large corporation has accrued a lot of debt over the last two years in an
effort to expand its business. While they have gained new customers, they
still aren't making enough money to pay off their debt. Which type of
bankruptcy would this company likely want to file?
A. Chapter 13
B. Chapter 7
C. Chapter 1
D. Chapter 11
Someone help plz
Answers
Answer:
D. Chapter 11
Explanation:
Apex
A 4.8% coupon bond with 9 years remaining until maturity is currently trading at $1087.43. Assume semi-annual coupon payments. The bond's YTM is __________%. Round your *final* answer to 2 decimal places (example: 12.34). Hint: be sure your inputs reflect the semiannual payment frequency.
Answers
Answer:
3.66%
Explanation:
The yield to maturity can be computed using Excel rate function below:
=rate(nper,pmt,-pv,fv)
nper is the number of semiannual coupons in 9 years i.e 9*2=18
pmt is the amount of semiannual coupon =$1000*4.8%*6/12=24
pv is the current price which is $1087.43
face value is $1000
=rate(18,24,-1087.43,1000)
rate=1.83% (semiannual yield)
annual yield=1.83%*2
annual yield=3.66%
Hoover Inc. has current assets of $350,000 and fixed plant assets of $650,000. Current liabilities are $100,000 and long-term liabilities are $250,000. There is $120,000 in preferred stock outstanding and the firm has issued 10,000 shares of common stock. Compute book value (net worth) per share $53.00. $75.00. $65.00. $84.00.
Answers
Answer:
$53.00
Explanation:
The computation of book value is shown below:-
But before that we need to determine the net asset which is
Net asset = Total asset - Total liabiliites
= ($350,000 + $650,000) - ($100,000 - $250,000)
= $1,000,000 - $350,000
= $650,000
Now
Value per share= (Net asset - preference share) ÷ number of common stocks
= ($650,000 - $120,000 ) ÷ 10,000 shares
= $530,000 ÷ 10,000
= $53 per share
When the market for product Y includes a positive externality:__________.
A. marginal private benefit exceeds marginal social benefit.
B. marginal private cost exceeds marginal social cost.
C. marginal social cost exceeds marginal private cost.
D. marginal social benefit exceeds marginal private benefit.
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
A good has positive externality if the benefits to third parties not involved in production is greater than the cost. an example of an activity that generates positive externality is research and development. Due to the high cost of R & D, they are usually under-produced. Government can encourage the production of activities that generate positive externality by granting subsidies.
Which of the following are considered
assets?
l. A vehicle
Il. Student loans
III. Rent payments
Answers
Answer:
A vehicle
because vehicles are valuable and useful.
assets-a useful or valuable thing, person, or quality.
Marko, Inc. is considering the purchase of ABC Co. Marko believes that ABC Co. can generate cash flows of $5,900, $10,900, and $17,100 over the next three years, respectively. After that time, they feel the business will be worthless. Marko has determined that a rate of return of 13 percent is applicable to this potential purchase. What is Marko willing to pay today to buy ABC Co.
Answers
Answer:
$25,608.70
Explanation:
We are to calculate the present value of the cash flows
Present value is the sum of discounted cash flows
present value can be calculated using a financial calculator
Cash flow in year 1 = $5,900
Cash flow in year 2 = $10,900
Cash flow in year 3 = $17,100
I = 13%
Present value = $25,608.70
To find the PV using a financial calculator:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. after inputting all the cash flows, press the NPV button, input the value for I, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
3. Press compute
Suitable options to solve the financial problem of a restaurant owner
Answers
Answer:SBA Loans for Restaurants. ...
Restaurant Equipment Financing. ...
(Unsecured or Secured) Business Lines of Credit. ...
Unsecured Restaurant Business Loans. ...
Restaurant Cash Advances.
Explanation:
Paula is considering the purchase of a new car. She has narrowed her search to two cars that are equally appealing to her. Car A costs $22,000, and Car B costs $22,200. The manufacturer of Car A is offering 0% financing for 48 months with zero down, while the manufacturer of Car B is offering a rebate of $2000 at the time of purchase plus financing at the rate of 3%/year compounded monthly over 48 months with zero down. If Paula has decided to buy the car with the lower net cost to her, which car should she purchase
Answers
Answer:
Paula should purchase car B.
Explanation:
If Paula purchases car A, then her total payments will be $22,000 ($458.33 per month).
If instead she purchases car B, she will need to finance $20,200 for 3 years and her monthly payments will be $447.11. Total payments = $447.11 x 48 = $21,461.28.
this is an ordinary annuity and in order to calculate the monthly payment you must:
monthly payment = principal / annuity factor (PV, 0.25%, 48 periods) = $20,200 / 45.17869 = $447.1134511 = $447.11.
Paula should purchase car B as it offers her lower net cost.
What is compound interest?Compound interest is the interest that is calculated on the principal and the interest up to the period of calculation. Compounding can be done monthly, quarterly, or annually.
When compounding is done on a monthly basis, the formula to calculate Principal is:
[tex]\rm A = P(1 + \dfrac{r}{12})^{12t}[/tex], where A is the principal after t years, r is the rate of interest, P is the principal, and t is the tenure in years. 12t is the total number of months.
For the car B:
The principal will be, cost less rebate:
[tex]\begin{aligned} \rm Principal &= \$22,200 - \$ 2,000\\\\\rm Principal &= \$20,200\\\\r &= 0.03\\\\12t &= 48\: \rm months\end[/tex]
Therefore the net cost (A) will be:
[tex]\rm A = 20,200(1 + \dfrac{0.03}{12})^{48}\\\\\rm A = 20,200(1.0025)^{48}\\\\\rm A = 20,200(1.005)\\\\\rm A = \$20301.126[/tex]
Therefore the net cost of car B is $20301.126 and that of car A is $22,000.
Hence she should purchase car B.
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Which of the following statements is true of a target market? Question 8 options: Uncontrollable elements continually evolve and create changes in a target market. Managers can control the external environment that molds and reshapes a target market. Environmental scanning is performed by firms in order to prevent changes in a target market. Unlike uncontrollable variables, controllable variables do not affect a target market.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is the first option: Uncontrollable elements continually evolve and create changes in a target market.
Explanation:
To begin with, in the marketing field the term of target market refers to the audience that the company is looking for to capture in order to be the primary group of client to whom the product will be launched with the purpose of getting the most sales as possible and with that the major amount of profits from those customers. Moreover, that audience will be affected by controllable and uncontrollable variables that the company must be aware of. The second ones are the competition, the technology, the social environment (like culture), the economy and the regulations from the government. And those variables are the ones that affect the most to the target audience because are impossible to control from the company's point of view.
The founders of "Black Lives Matter" would be consider
according to your textbook.
1)Social activists
2)justice Warriors
3)Social warriors
4)Social entreprenures
Answers
Answer:
4)Social entreprenurers
3. Finding the key to industrial efficiency There are five sandwich shops in the city of Romeria that are constantly competing for customers. Each sandwich shop always looks for ways to improve its sandwiches while keeping costs under control. Most economists would agree that this scenario would likely lead to industrial .
Answers
Answer: Efficiency
Explanation:
The five sandwich shops constantly competing in an effort to gain competitive advantage over their competitors whilst keeping costs low are adhering to one Porter's competitive advantage theories which is Cost Leadership.
This benefits the industry as a whole because the sandwich companies will keep coming up with new ways and technologies to produce sandwiches at the lowest cost so that can increase their productivity.
Efficiency by definition is to make things at the lowest cost so the sandwich shops constantly aiming to reduce or at least maintain cost while increasing production is going to lead to Industrial Efficiency.
What word would Harvard Business School professor Clayton M. Christensen use to describe the rapid growth of the
widespread use of mobile computing devices?
Answers
Answer: c
Explanation:
The two main sources for the supply of capital in the u.s. economy are:__________
Answers
Answer and Explanation:
The two significant sources for the capital supply in the u.s economy are as follows
1. Savings done by the individual and the firms that known as S
2. Financial capital inflow arise from the investors in foreign countries i.e. equivalent to the trade deficit M-X
Or Imports minus exports
These two are to be considered
If the price of chicken feed decreases, the supply of chicken nuggets will shift
Answers
Answer:The production of chicken nuggets should increase because more feed will be bought which means the chickens could eat more, this will lead to bigger chickens with more fat, which increases the chicken nugget production because, chicken nuggets are 50% meat and the rest is fat, ground bone, blood vessels and connective tissues.
Explanation:
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Which of the following are required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act?
A. A report on internal control. B. A vertical analysis. C. A common-sized statement. D. A price-earnings ratio.
Answers
Answer:
a. a report on internal control
Explanation:
the sarbanes-oxley act was passed in 2002. This law serves to help protect investors and the public from fraud while giving financial reports by corporations. It was sponsored by Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley. This legislation is to help improve the reliability of corporations financial reporting as well as to help improve the confidence of shareholders and investors.
This act requires a report on internal control.
Last year, Michelson Manufacturing reported $10,250 of sales, $3,500 of operating costs other than depreciation, and $1,250 of depreciation. The company had no amortization charges, it had $3,500 of bonds outstanding that carry a 6.5% interest rate, and its federal-plus-state income tax rate was 21%. This year's data are expected to remain unchanged except for one item, depreciation, which is expected to increase by $725. By how much will the depreciation change cause the firm's net after-tax income and its net cash flow to change
Answers
Answer and Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
Particulars Last year Current year
Sales $10,250 $10,250
Operating cost -$3,500 -$3,500
Operating income $6,750 $6,750
less:
Interest expense
(6.5% of 3,500) -$227.50 -$227.50
depreciation expense -$1,250 -$1,975 ($1,250 + $725)
Earning before tax $5,272.50 $4,547.50
Less: Income tax
at 21% -$1,107.23 -$954.98
Net income $4,165.27 $3,592.53
Now the net cash flow is
Net income $4,165.27 $3,592.53
Add:
Depreciation $1,250 $1,975
Total net cash flows $5,145.27 $5,567.53
Change is $422.26
Comprehensive CVP analysis "I’ll never understand this accounting stuff," Blake Dunn yelled, waving the income statement he had just received from his accountant in the morning mail. "Last month, we sold 2,000 stuffed State University mascots and earned $6,565 in operating income. This month, when we sold 3,000 I thought we’d make $9,848. But this income statement shows an operating income of $11,615! How can I ever make plans if I can’t predict my income? I’m going to give Janice one last chance to explain this to me," he declared as he picked up the phone to call Janice Miller, his accountant.
Answers
Answer:
The problem with Blake's reasoning is that he believes that all costs are variable, and that is not true. In order to predict future profits, he divided $6,565 by 2,000 stuffed mascots = $3.2825 profit per stuffed mascot sold. But when sales increased to 3,000 units, the profits increased much more.
This happens because some costs are variable and change directly with the number of units sold, while others are fixed and remain the same regardless of the number of units sold.
The question is incomplete, the accounts are missing, so I looked for them:
February March
Sales revenue $25,000 $37,500
Cost of goods sold 10,000 15,000
Gross profit 15,000 22,500
Rent expense 1,500 1,500
Wages expense 3,500 5,000
Shipping expense 1,100 1,650
Utilities expense 750 750
Advertising expense 1,000 1,400
Insurance expense 585 585
Operating income $6,565 $11,615
The income statement using the contribution margin format would be as follows:
Income Statement Year 1 Year 2
Sales revenue $25,000 $37,500
Variable costs:
Cost of goods sold $10,000 $15,000 Wages expense* $3,000 $4,500 Shipping expense $1,100 $1,650 Advertising expense* $800 $1,200Contribution margin $10,100 $15,150
Period costs:
Wages expense* $500 $500 Advertising expense* $200 $200 Rent expense $1,500 $1,500 Insurance expense $585 $585 Utilities expense $750 $750Net income $6,565 $11,615
*high low cost method for wages expense and advertisement expense:
variable wages expense = ($5,000 - $3,500) / (3,000 - 2,000) = $1.50 per unit
fixed wages expense = $5,000 - (3,000 x $1.50) = $500
variable advertising expense = ($1,400 - $1,000) / (3,000 - 2,000) = $0.40 per unit
fixed advertising expense = $1,400 - (3,000 x $0.40) = $200
What will happen to the U.S. Housing Market?
Answers
Answer:
Currently the price of homes has exceeded the 2006 peak, just before the housing bubble burst. The price index has increased more than 40% since 2012.
It has been many years now of a strong economy, with an economic expansion lasting for 11 years (since June 2009), which is actually record breaking. A lot of economists were expecting a recession soon, with the current health crisis not helping, and the recession finally arrived on June 2020.
The combination of historically high prices for homes and an economic recession can be very hurtful. The advantage of the current situation is that the level of delinquent or subprime mortgages is currently much lower than 14 years ago. Actually, the amount of debt per household has decreased since 2006, and is quite stable right now at moderate or low levels. Many households spent much of the past years paying off debt, so they didn't have time to take new debt.
If the recession gets worse, a price correction will be inevitable, but it wouldn't be as large as the 2007 decrease. Only in a few cities in California, Washington, Nevada and Oregon can you find situations similar to 2006, where a strong supply hasn't been enough to balance the prices due to a stronger demand and high mortgage debt. But even there, the situation will not be as bad.
Presenteeism is exhibited in all the following ways except:___________.
a. even when injured reporting to work. coming to work when ill.
b. when an employee faces dangerous conditions to get to work.
c. when the employee is preoccupied by personal problems.
d. when an absence would immediately affect many people.
Answers
Answer: d. when an absence would immediately affect many people
Explanation: Presenteeism as culled from the word present may be described as a situation whereby an individual or employee makes himself or herself available at work despite the challenges being faced which should have kept such employee out of work. This challe ges may range from bodily or physical injury or sickness, emotional and psychological disorder and other factors which could limit productivity and output or even result in avoidable loss on the path of the employer if such employee had stayed off work. A sick worker or one who faces dangerous challenges to get to work but still manages to be present exhibits Presenteeism.
Cyber Security Systems had sales of 3,300 units at $65 per unit last year. The marketing manager projects a 20 percent increase in unit volume sales this year with a 40 percent price increase. Returned merchandise will represent 10 percent of total sales. What is your net dollar sales projection for this year?
Answers
Answer:
$324,324
Explanation:
Next year projected sales = 3300 * ( 1 + 0.20)
= 3300 * 1.20
= 3960 units
Next year price = 55 * (1+0.40)
= 65 * 1.40
= $91
Total sales = 3960 * $91
Total sales = $360,360
Sales return = $360,360 * 10% = $36,036
Net sales = Total sales - Sales Return
Net sales = $360,360 - $36,036
Net sales = $324,324
The journal entry to record the receipt of a payment within the discount period on a sale of $900 with terms of 2/10, n/30 will include a
Answers
Answer and Explanation:
Given that
The Sale is made for $900
Terms 2/10, n/30 that means if the payment is made within 10 days than 2% discount is eligible and the total credit period allowed is 30 days
Now the journal entry to record the receipts of a payment within discount period is
Cash Dr $882
Sales discount $18
To Account receivable $900
(Being the cash received)
Multiple Choice based on accounting profits is preferable to the financial (or present value) break-even method. identifies the optimal maximum level of output for any given level of fixed assets. ignores both taxes and interest when computing the financial break-even point. provides a means of determining the minimal number of units that need to be sold to prevent a financial loss. identifies the optimal sales price for any new product.
Answers
Complete Question:
Breakeven-Analysis:
Group of answer choices
A. based on accounting profits is preferable to the financial (or present value) break-even method.
B. identifies the optimal maximum level of output for any given level of fixed assets.
C. ignores both taxes and interest when computing the financial break-even point.
D. provides a means of determining the minimal number of units that need to be sold to prevent a financial loss.
E. identifies the optimal sales price for any new product.
Answer:
D. provides a means of determining the minimal number of units that need to be sold to prevent a financial loss.
Explanation:
Breakeven-Analysis provides a means of determining the minimal number of units that need to be sold to prevent a financial loss.
It is an important tool in predicting the volume of activity, the costs to be incurred, the sales to be made, and the profit to be earned is. It is used to determine how changes in differing levels of activities such as costs and volume affect a company's operating income and net income. It is also known as the cost-volume-profit analysis in financial accounting.
Generally, to use the Breakeven-Analysis, financial experts usually make some assumptions and these are;
1. Sales price per unit product is kept constant.
2. Variable costs per unit product are kept constant and the total fixed costs of production are kept constant i.e costs can be divided into fixed and variable components.
3. All the units produced are sold i.e there is no change in inventory quantities during the period.
5. The costs accrued are as a result of change in business activities.
6. A company selling more than a product should simply sell in the same mix i.e the sales mix is constant.
Loeffler Company owns 35% of the common stock of Tetter Co. and uses the equity method to account for the investment. During 2021, Tetter reported income of $260,000 and paid dividends of $90,000. There is no amortization associated with the investment. During 2021, how much income should Loeffler recognize related to this investment
Answers
Answer:
Investment revenue = $91,000
Explanation:
the journal entry to record the dividends received would be:
Dr Cash 31,500
Cr Investment in Tetter Co. 31,500
the journal entry to record the reporting of the net income:
Dr Investment in Tetter Co. 91,000
Cr Investment revenue 91,000
When a company uses the equity method, any dividends received will decrease the carrying value of the investment, while any net income reported will be considered investment revenue.
ABC private limited as given the dividend of $5 last year and has promised to increase the dividend by 8% each year for the next four years.
a. Find out the dividend of each of the next four years. [2 marks]
b. If the stocks are selling at $120 at the end of fourth year, find out the price of stock today, assuming expected return as 12%.[2 marks]
c. Write a detailed comment on what will happen to the today’s selling price of the stock if the expected return is increased from 12% to 16%.[3 marks]
d. If the stocks are selling at $90 today, find out the price of stock at the end of fourth year, assuming expected return as 12%. [2 marks]
e. Write a detailed comment on what will happen to the selling price of the stock at the end of fourth year if the expected return is decreased from 12% to 8%.
Answers
Answer:
a. Year 1 dividend - $5.40; Year 2 dividend = $5.83; Year 3 dividend = $6.30; and Year 4 dividend = $6.80
b. Price of stock today = $76.26
c. When the the expected return is increased from 12% to 16%, the price of stock today will fall from $76.26 to $66.27. This indicates a 13% decrease in price. Therefore, there is a negative relationship between the price of stock today and the expected return. That is, as the expected return increases, the price of stock today decreases.
d. The price of stock at the end of fourth year is $141.62.
e. When the the expected return is decreased from 12% to 8%, the price of stock the end of fourth year falls from $141.62 to $122.44. This indicates a 14% decrease in price. Therefore, there is a positive relationship between the price of stock today and the expected return. That is, as the expected return decreases, the future price of stock also decreases.
Explanation:
a. Find out the dividend of each of the next four years. [2 marks]
Growth rate = 8%, or 0.08
Year 1 dividend = Last year dividend * (1 + Growth rate) = $5 * (1 + 0.08) = $5 * 1.08 = $5.40
Year 2 dividend = Year 1 dividend * (1 + Growth rate) = $5.40 * (1 + 0.08) = $5.40 * 1.08 = $5.832, or $5.83
Year 3 dividend = Year 2 dividend * (1 + Growth rate) = $5.832 * (1 + 0.08) = $5.832 * 1.08 = $6.29856, or $6.30
Year 4 dividend = Year 3 dividend * (1 + Growth rate) = $6.29856 * (1 + 0.08) = $6.29856 * 1.08 = $6.8024448, or $6.80
b. If the stocks are selling at $120 at the end of fourth year, find out the price of stock today, assuming expected return as 12%.[2 marks]
To calculate this, we use the present value (PV) formula as follows:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n ..................... (1)
Where,
PV = Price of stock today = ?
FV = Stock selling price at the end of fourth year = $120
r = expected return = 12%, or 0.12
n = number of years = 4
Substitute the values into equation (1), we have:
PV = $120 / (1 + 0.12)^4 = $120 / (1.12)^4 = $120 / 1.57351936 = $76.26
Therefore, the price of stock today is $76.26
c. Write a detailed comment on what will happen to the today’s selling price of the stock if the expected return is increased from 12% to 16%.[3 marks]
To calculate the price of stock today, we use equation (1) in part b above and change r to 16%, or 0.16; while other values remain the same. Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:
PV = $120 / (1 + 0.16)^4 = $120 / (1.16)^4 = $120 / 1.81063936 = $66.27
Percentage change in price = ($66.27 - $76.26) / $76.26 = -0.13, or -13%
Comment:
When the the expected return is increased from 12% to 16%, the price of stock today will fall from $76.26 to $66.27. This indicates a 13% decrease in price. Therefore, there is a negative relationship between the price of stock today and the expected return. That is, as the expected return increases, the price of stock today decreases.
d. If the stocks are selling at $90 today, find out the price of stock at the end of fourth year, assuming expected return as 12%. [2 marks]
To calculate this, we use the future value (FV) formula as follows:
FV = PV * (1 + r)^n ..................... (2)
Where,
FV = Stock selling price at the end of fourth year = ?
PV = Price of stock today = $90
r = expected return = 12%, or 0.12
n = number of years
Substitute the values into equation (2), we have:
FV = $90 * (1 + 0.12)^4 = $90 * (1.12)^4 = $90 * 1.57351936 = $141.62
Therefore, the price of stock at the end of fourth year is $141.62.
e. Write a detailed comment on what will happen to the selling price of the stock at the end of fourth year if the expected return is decreased from 12% to 8%.
To calculate the price of stock at the end of fourth year, we use equation (2) in part c above and change r to 8%, or 0.08; while other values remain the same. Substituting the values into equation (2), we have:
FV = $90 * (1 + 0.08)^4 = $90 * (1.08)^4 = $90 * 1.36048896 = $122.44
Percentage change in price = ($141.62 - $122.44) / $141.62 = -0.14, or -14%
Comment:
When the the expected return is decreased from 12% to 8%, the price of stock the end of fourth year falls from $141.62 to $122.44. This indicates a 14% decrease in price. Therefore, there is a positive relationship between the price of stock today and the expected return. That is, as the expected return decreases, the future price of stock also decreases.