Pure elements has Gibbs free energy equal to 0.
The Gibbs free energy is a concept in chemistry specially of thermodynamics. The maximum amount of work that can be accomplished at a constant temperature and pressure by a closed system can be calculated using the Gibbs free energy (also known as Gibbs energy; symbol: denoted as delta G). Additionally, it offers a prerequisite for any processes like chemical reactions that might take place in such circumstances.
When a system achieves equilibrium without being pushed by an input electrolytic voltage, the Gibbs energy is the thermodynamic potential that is reduced. At the equilibrium point, its derivative w.r.t. the system's reaction coordinate vanishes.
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you are asked to calibrate a 25 ml volumetric pipet. you determine that the temperature of your distilled water is exactly 23.5 degrees celsius. you carefully determined the mass of a clean dry beaker and found that it was 58.9557 g. you pulled water up to the mark and transferred this to the beaker and found that the new mass was 81.4781 g. what is the actual volume of the pipet? the density of water at 23.5 degrees celsius is 0.997403 g/ml.
The actual volume of the pipet 1.0037 is At about 4° Celsius, the density of fresh water reaches its maximum. The mass of water you pipetted is the difference in mass. Let's use the density to convert it to volume. The amount of water will be 1.0037 at 23.5 °C.
How can you figure out how much water a pipette will deliver?The formula for figuring out how much water was dispensed by the pipette is V = w * Z, where w is the water's weight, Z is a conversion factor based on the water's density, and V is the computed volume.
What is the purpose of a volumetric pipet?For a certain volume, volumetric pipettes are created to be extremely accurate. They can be utilized to move that amount of liquid that can be used to dilute or create a solution.
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draw the structure of (z)-4-ethyl-3-methyl-3-heptene.
The structure of (Z)-4-ethyl-3-methyl-3-heptene is shown in the attached figure below.
What are E and Z- alkene?The E- and Z- alkenes are more reliable and particularly used for tri- or tetra-substituted alkenes when the substituents are not alkyl groups. The Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules are utilized for naming geometric isomers such as E- or Z-alkene and other stereoisomers.
The trans (E) isomers are more stable and lower in energy than the (Z) cis-isomers. In the letter E, the higher priority groups are on the same side, and in the E-isomer, the higher priority groups are on opposite sides.
In the Z-isomer of the alkene, the higher priority groups are on the same side.
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What should you do first if overexposure to chemicals is suspected?
Get medical attention as soon as possible. If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Other measures are usually unnecessary.
What should you do right away if you drop a poison on your skin?If a shower is available, take off any contaminated clothing or jewellery and rinse the chemicals off for least 20 minutes.Avoid getting chemicals in your eyes.Dress the burn.Apply a fresh bandage to the burn.
What occurs if you come into contact with dangerous chemicals?A poisonous substance can have both immediate and long-term impacts on your health.Acute (short-term) effects manifest immediately or shortly after chemical exposure.
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Identify an element on the periodic table that is chemically similar to neon (ne).
13. Classify each element as a representative element, transition metal, or noble
gas
a. 1s 2s 2p 3s² 3p 3d¹0 4s² 4pº
b. 1s² 25² 2p
3s² 3p 3d 4s²
c. 1s 2s 2p 3s² 3p²
a. radon (Rn) is noble gas with atomic number 86 b. xenon (Xe) is noble gas with atomic number 54. c. neon (Ne) is noble gas with atomic number 10.
How is each element classified as a representative element?a) Francium (Fr) is element with atomic number 87 (87 protons and 87 electrons).
Electron configuration of francium atom: ₈₇Fr 1s²2s²2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁶ 7s¹ or [Rn] 7s¹, radon (Rn) is noble gas with atomic number 86.
b) Mercury (Hg) is element with atomic number 80 (80 protons and 80 electrons). Electron configuration of mercury atom: ₈₀Hg 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² or [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s², xenon (Xe) is noble gas with atomic number 54.
c) Silicon (Si) is element with atomic number 14 (14 protons and 14 electrons).Electron configuration of silicon atom: ₁₄Si 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p² or [Ne] 3s² 3p², neon (Ne) is noble gas with atomic number 10.
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What is the mass of a sample of copper (II) Sulfate containing 2.56x10^23 atoms of copper
Please help im confused
The mass of a sample of copper (II) sulfate containing 2.56 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms of copper would be 27.52 grams.
Avogadro's numberAccording to Avogadro, 1 mole of every substance contains 6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] molecules or atoms of the substance.
Following this principle, the amount, in moles. of copper (II) sulfate present in 2.56 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms of the substance would be:
6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms = 1 mole
2.56 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms = 2.56 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] /6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex]
= 0.43 mol
Recall that: mass = mole x molar mass
Mass of 0.43 mol copper = 0.43 x 64
= 27.52 grams.
In other words, a sample of copper (II) sulfate containing 2.56 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms of copper will contain 27.52 grams of copper.
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What does Cupid do to Apollo in revenge?
Apollo boasted to Cupid about how much larger his bow was. Apollo was offended, and Cupid hit him with a golden love arrow in retaliation, leading him to fall in love with the first person he saw.
What harm did Eros cause Apollo?Apollo had cracked far too many jokes about Eros. Eros shot Apollo with one of his golden arrows as a kind of retribution, which caused Apollo to fall hopelessly in love with the nymph Daphne.
Is Cupid able to vanquish Apollo?The next action taken by Cupid was something Apollo did not anticipate. The god of love flapped his wings as he soared alongside the god of music. Then, with a "golden arrow with a keen gleaming point," he shot him in the chest.
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Does fruit juice react with metal?
Yes, fruit juice react with metal.
Describe a metal.
Hard, lustrous, malleable, fusible, and ductile are all characteristics of metal, a solid material that conducts heat and electricity. The materials that have a propensity to donate electrons are metals.
An extremely active metal is aluminum. It develops a thin layer of aluminum oxide tarnish right away. The water stops the aluminum's reaction with the tarnish because it is mostly waterproof, but orange juice, which contains a moderate acid, can dissolve the tarnish and keep the aluminum's reaction with the liquid going.
Therefore, fruit juice react with metal.
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Dr. Oken is testing you again. He wants to see if you know how the neutrons increase in quantity in relation to how the protons increase in quantity. Choose the best explanation to give him.
a The quantity of neutrons is proportional to the megatron. For everyone megatron there is a neutron trying to bring it up from the bottom of the Pacific Ocean
b The neutrons increase almost as quickly as the protons increase in number though there are often less neutrons than protons in the nucleus
c The neutrons increase in number faster than the protons increase
d The number of neutrons increases at the same exact rate as the protons increase in number. You add one proton and you get one neutron. This is true for the entire periodic table.
For the lighter nuclei up to atomic number 20, the number of neutrons increases at the same exact rate as the protons increase in number. For the heavier nuclei, the increase in the number of neutrons is faster than the protons increase.
What is the neutron-proton ratio?The neutron-proton ratio or N/Z ratio of an atomic nucleus can be described as the ratio of its number of neutrons to its number of protons. Among stable nuclei, the neutron-proton ratio increases with increasing atomic number.
Because electrical repulsive forces between protons with distance are different than strong nuclear force attractions. Proton density in stable larger nuclei should be lower than in smaller stable nuclei.
For each element with atomic number Z up to that of calcium (Z = 20), there exists with N/Z ratio of one, except beryllium (N/Z = 1.25). Uranium-238 has the highest N/Z ratio of 1.587, while lead-208 has the highest N/Z ratio at 1.537.
For the heavier nuclei, the N/Z ratio is greater than 1 so the number of neutrons is greater than the protons.
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How many sigma bonds and pi bonds are there in acrylonitrile? A. 4 σ and 2 π bonds B. 6 ơ and 3 bonds C. 7 ơ and 2 bonds D. 9 ơ and 3 bonds
(B) 6 ơ and 3 bonds are there in acrylonitrile
what is acrylonitrile?The organic compound acrylonitrile has the formula CH2CHCN and the structure H2C=CHCN. Although commercial samples can be yellow due to impurities, it is a colorless, volatile liquid. It smells strongly like garlic or onions. It has a vinyl group connected to a nitrile as its basic building block at the molecular level.
what is an organic compound?Any chemical compound that has carbon-hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds is considered an organic substance in chemistry. Millions of organic compounds have been identified because of carbon's capacity for catenation.
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How many grams of sugar solute per 100 grams of h2o will dissolve at 20oc?
The amount of sugar solute that can dissolve in 100 grams of water at 20°C depends on the type of sugar being dissolved.
What is solute?A solute is any substance that is dissolved in a solution, usually in a liquid. It is the minor component of a solution and is present in a smaller amount than the solvent. The concentration of the solute is usually expressed as a percentage of the total solution. Solutes can be either organic or inorganic compounds, including gases, minerals, and acids. Solutions are important in everyday life, from the salt water in the ocean to the sugar in tea. In fact, almost all biological fluids contain solutes, such as proteins and hormones.
For example, granulated white sugar has a solubility of 204.0 grams per 100 grams of water at 20°C, while brown sugar has a solubility of 180.0 grams per 100 grams of water at 20°C. Therefore, the amount of sugar solute that can dissolve in 100 grams of water at 20°C will depend on the type of sugar being dissolved.
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what is true about the spontaneity of a reaction? responses when the products have more enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. when the products have more enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. when the products have more enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction is always spontaneous. when the products have more enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction is always spontaneous. when the products have less enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. when the products have less enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. when the products have less enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction is always spontaneous.
When the products have lower enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous.
Spontaneous reactions are those that occur without any external input of energy. In general, spontaneous reactions tend to occur when the products have lower enthalpy than the reactants.
It is not necessarily true that a reaction will be spontaneous just because the products have lower enthalpy than the reactants. Other factors, such as the entropy of the reactants and products, can also affect the spontaneity of a reaction.
So, to summarize: When the products have lower enthalpy than the reactants, the reaction tends to be spontaneous. However, the spontaneity of a reaction also depends on other factors, such as the entropy of the reactants and products.
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How is scope 3 measured?
Scope 3 emissions are measured by quantifying the indirect emissions associated with a company's activities.
Scope 3 emissions are a type of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are indirect and not under the direct control of a company. These emissions can be caused by a wide range of activities, such as the use of products and services, the transportation of goods, the disposal of waste, and the outsourcing of activities. To measure scope 3 emissions, a company must first identify all of the relevant indirect emissions associated with its activities.
This can be done by conducting a thorough inventory of the company's operations and supply chain, and by collecting data on energy use, transportation, and other relevant factors. Once the emissions have been identified, they can be quantified using GHG emissions factors and other relevant data. The resulting emissions data can then be used to track progress and set reduction targets.
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The air in the balloon i heated up by leaving it in a warm place. Give two effect that thi ha on the air particle
If the balloon is closed, then yes, both volume and pressure will increase when the gas inside is heated.
What is pressure?
Pressure is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these are units of force divided by units of area. For example, the SI unit of pressure, Pascal (Pa), is 1 Newton per square meter (N/m2). Similarly, pounds force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in imperial and US systems. Pressure can also be expressed as standard atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure (atm) is equal to this pressure and torr is defined as 1/760 of this. Manometric units such as centimeters of water, millimeters of mercury, and inches of mercury are used to express pressure as the height of a particular liquid column within a manometer.
If the balloon is closed, then yes, both volume and pressure will increase when the gas inside is heated.
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Worksheet if you give the correct answer I will give you brainlist and 100 points
it is mixed with chemistry, Physics, Biology
Answer:
Which option below contains materials that can ALL be put into biogas plant?
D. Water hyacinth, poultry wastes, husk
11. A
12. B
17. D
18. D
16. A
5. B
6. D Sieving
i just follow the numbers in each question, the pictures is not in chronological order..
Explanation:
heart and star pls <3 brainliest will be appreciated <3(っ◔◡◔)っ -{ elyna s }-how can a bent molecular geometry be formed according to vsepr theory? (select all that are correct.) selected answer, tetrahedral electron group geometry with 1 lone pair and 3 bonding groups answer, trigonal planar electron group geometry with 0 lone pairs and 3 bonding groups answer, linear electron group geometry with 1 lone pair and one bonding group answer, tetrahedral electron group geometry with 2 lone pairs and 2 bonding groups answer, trigonal planar electron group geometry with 1 lone pair and 2 bonding groups
According to VSEPR theory, bent molecular geometry can be formed by all given option choices except trigonal planar electron group geometry with 0 lone pairs and 3 bonding groups as lone pair cause bending in molecules.
What is molecular geometry?Molecular geometry can be defined as a three -dimensional arrangement of atoms which constitute the molecule.It includes parameters like bond length,bond angle and torsional angles.
It influences many properties of molecules like reactivity,polarity color,magnetism .The molecular geometry can be determined by various spectroscopic methods and diffraction methods , some of which are infrared,microwave and Raman spectroscopy.
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What is the purpose of the H+ gradient in the intermembrane space?
The concentration of hydrogen ions inside the intermembrane space is higher than within the matrix as a result of the pumping by hydrogen ions through the innermost membrane.
The area between two or maybe more membranes would be known as the intermembrane gap.
The matrix is much less acidic than that of the intermembrane gap. H+ is transferred from of the matrix towards the intermembrane space through the electron transport chain.
Lipid molecules form a double layer that makes up biological membranes.
The term "molecule" refers to a grouping of two as well as more elements.
MgO, for instance, would be a molecule with the chemical composition 1 atom of magnesium and 1 atom of oxygen.
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Calculate the molality of 6.0 M H2SO4
Solution. The density of the solution is 1.34g/mL.
A. 4.48 m
B. 10.2 m
C. 8.10 m
D. 8.43 m
E. 7.98 m
Answer:
A
Explanation:
To calculate the molality of a solution, you need to know the mass of the solute (in this case, H2SO4) and the mass of the solvent (in this case, water). To find the mass of the solvent, you can use the density of the solution and the volume of the solvent:
Density = Mass / Volume
Rearranging the equation and solving for mass:
Mass = Density * Volume
You can then use the mass of the solvent and the molarity of the solution to calculate the molality:
Molality = (Moles of solute) / (Mass of solvent in kilograms)
For a 6.0 M solution of H2SO4, the moles of solute can be calculated by multiplying the molarity by the volume of the solution:
Moles of solute = Molarity * Volume = 6.0 M * 1.00 L = 6.0 moles
If the density of the solution is 1.34 g/mL and the volume of the solution is 1.00 L, the mass of the solvent can be calculated as follows:
Mass of solvent = Density * Volume = 1.34 g/mL * 1.00 L = 1.34 grams
To convert the mass of the solvent to kilograms, you can divide the mass by 1000:
Mass of solvent in kilograms = 1.34 grams / 1000 = 0.00134
What injuries may be caused by exposure to chemicals?
A person may develop illnesses and diseases like Asbestosis after being exposed to chemical dangers at work.lung tumours.brain injury Burns from chemicals poisoning by heavy metals. nerve harm..
What kind of chemical harm occurs most frequently?Carbon monoxide, ammonia, chlorine, hydrochloric acid, & sulfuric acid are the top five chemicals that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) connect with damage.
What exactly is a chemical wound?Tissue damage from chemical burns is brought on by powerful acids, drain cleaners, paint thinner, gasoline, and many other things.In most cases, you are aware of a burn's cause.However, a burn brought on by a gentler chemical could occasionally go undetected at first.
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for the ibr2- lewis structure, the number of pairs of nonbonding electrons on the central iodine atom is?
[tex]IBr^{-}_{2}[/tex] has 3 pairs of non-bonding electrons as shown in the picture.
[tex]IBr^{-}_{2}[/tex] has a linear structure and includes three lone pairs of electrons in an equatorial location. This decreases the lone pair repulsions, and the two bromine atoms are in an axial position. Therefore, the structure [tex]IBr^{-}_{2}[/tex] has a linear organization. [tex]IBr^{-}_{2}[/tex] has an iodine atom that possesses two bond pairs as well as three lone pairs of electrons. Both bond pairings are formed using atoms containing two bromines.
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Identify the major product of the following reaction. + Nas ? + 2NaBr Br Br Сь. Сс. Br co
The major product of the chemical equation of 1,4-dibromobutane and sodium sulfide is thiolune and sodium bromide.
What is chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
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How the shape of molecule can help it carry out its normal function
The shape of a molecule can help it carry out its normal function because it interacts with different molecular partners in order to play a given role.
How does shape affect protein function?The shape of a protein affects protein function because it depends on a specific tridimensional conformation to interact with other molecules in the cell, such as an enzyme that binds its active site to ligands.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the shape of a protein effectively affects protein function due to the types of interaction it may carry out.
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What is the percent composition of Fe2O3?
Classify each of the given species as paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
Classify each of the species as paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
1. Oxygen: Paramagnetic 2. Carbon: Diamagnetic 3. Iron: Paramagnetic 4. Xenon: DiamagneticThe Magnetic Properties of Common ElementsThe magnetic properties of elements can be categorized into two categories: paramagnetic and daimagnetic. Paramagnetic materials have a magnetic dipole moment that is caused by the presence of unpaired electrons. These materials are attracted to external magnetic fields. On the other hand, diamagnetic materials have a magnetic dipole moment that is caused by the presence of paired electrons. These materials are repelled by external magnetic fields.
Oxygen is an example of a paramagnetic element. It has two unpaired electrons in its outermost energy level, which gives it a magnetic dipole moment. This causes it to be attracted to external magnetic fields. Carbon, on the other hand, is diamagnetic. It has four electrons in its outermost energy level, which is completely filled. This means there are no unpaired electrons, so it has no magnetic dipole moment and is repelled by external magnetic fields.
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a student prepared five solutions of cuso4 with different concentrations, and then filled five cuvettes, each containing one of the solutions. the cuvettes were placed in a spectrophotometer set to the appropriate wavelength for maximum absorbance. the absorbance of each solution was measured and recorded. the student plotted absorbance versus concentration, as shown in the figure above. which of the following is the most likely explanation for the variance of the data point for the 0.600 m cuso4 solution?
(A) The cuvette into which the 0.600 M solution was placed has some water W droplets inside.
(B) The cuvette into which the 0.600 M solution was placed was filled slightly more than the other cuvettes. (C) The wavelength setting was accidentally moved away from that of maximum absorbance. (D) The cuvette used for the 0.600 M solution had not been wiped clean before being put in the spectrophotometer.
The option that is the most likely explanation for the variance of the data point for the 0.600 m cuso4 solution is option (A) The cuvette into which the 0.600 M solution was placed has some water W droplets inside.
What is the variance of the data point?Based on the information provided, the most likely explanation for the variance of the data point for the 0.600 M CuSO4 solution is that the cuvette into which the solution was placed has some water droplets inside. This is because the water droplets would interfere with the measurement of absorbance, causing a variance in the data point. Option (A) is the correct answer.
Note that Option (B) is not a likely explanation because the amount of solution in each cuvette should not affect the absorbance measurement. Option (C) is also unlikely because the wavelength setting is not mentioned as being changed, and option (D) is not a likely explanation because it is not specified that the cuvettes were not wiped clean before being put in the spectrophotometer.
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Conjugated systems absorb UV light. Select the true statement. lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule increases. lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule decreases. lambda O max is not affected by the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule.
The true statement is that lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule increases. This is due to the “conjugated effect”, which explains why molecules with more conjugated bonds are better absorbers of light.
Conjugated systems absorb ultraviolet (UV) light. The wavelength at which light is absorbed, known as the lambda O max, is dependent on the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule. In general, the more conjugated bonds a molecule has, the higher its lambda O max.
When considering the true statement, it is clear that lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule increases. As the number of conjugated bonds increases, the molecule can absorb a higher energy of light, thus increasing the lambda O max. This phenomenon is known as the “conjugated effect”, which explains why molecules with more conjugated bonds are better absorbers of light.
In contrast, the statement that lambda O max increases as the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule decreases is false. As the number of conjugated bonds decreases, the molecule will be unable to absorb higher energy light and thus the lambda O max will decrease.
Finally, the statement that lambda O max is not affected by the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule is false. As discussed above, the lambda O max is directly related to the number of conjugated bonds in a molecule. A higher number of conjugated bonds results in a higher lambda O max, while a lower number of conjugated bonds results in a lower lambda O max.
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Which is the electron configuration for nobelium (no)?[rn]7s25f14[rn]7s25f7[ne]3s23p7[xe]6s25d1.
What is the bulk of a solid?
Answer:
Sugar, starch, minerals, chemicals, colors, fillers, plastic resin, and recycled plastics are examples of bulk solids. These commodities account for more than 80% of all things carried globally.
Explanation:
calculate the minimum energy required to remove one proton from the nucleus 126c . this is called the proton-removal energy. (hint: find the difference between the mass of a 126c nucleus and the mass of a proton plus the mass of the nucleus formed when a proton is removed from 126c .)
939.067MeV is the energy required to extract a proton from a nucleus.
Calculation:△m= mass of nucleus − mass of proton
= (mass of neutron + mass of proton) - mass of proton
= mass of neutron
= 1.008665amu
E=1.008665 X 931=939.067MeV
How are protons removed from the nucleus?After absorbing a neutron, heavy nuclei can occasionally decay and turn into radioactive nuclei. A proton would ultimately be lost, along with perhaps one or two neutrons.
What is the carbon-12 binding energy per nucleon?For C12 and C13, the binding energy per nucleon is 7.68 MeV and 7.47 MeV, respectively. The power needed to take a neutron out of C13 is Not to worry! Our team has your back.
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What should be the freezing point of aqueous solution containing 17 g of C2H5OH in 1000 g of water KF 1.86 km − 1 )?
The freezing point of the solution can be calculated as 0.6 9.
What is freezing point?Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid. At the freezing point, the molecules of the liquid have lost enough kinetic energy that they can no longer move freely and they will form a crystal lattice structure. The freezing point of a substance is determined by the pressure of the liquid.
The freezing point of a solution is determined by a colligative property known as freezing point depression. This property states that when a solute is dissolved in a solvent, the freezing point of the solution is lower than that of the pure solvent.
The freezing point depression of an aqueous solution containing 17 g of C2H5OH in 1000 g of water can be calculated using the formula:
T f = K f * m
where T f is the freezing point of the solution, K f is the freezing point depression constant for water (1.86 km -1), and m is the molar concentration of the solution (mass of solute / mass of solvent).
Since the mass of C2H5OH is 17g, the molar mass is 46 g/mol, and the mass of water is 1000 g, the molar concentration can be calculated as:
m = (17 g / 46 g/mol) / (1000g) = 0.370 mol / kg
Thus, the freezing point of the solution can be calculated as:
T f = 1.86 km -1 * 0.370 mol/kg = 0.69.
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