We can get a glimpse into an organism's evolutionary history through embryology. As an illustration, consider terrestrial vertebrates, which include mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles. There are numerous parallels between fish embryos and other animal embryos when we examine the early stages of the development of various groups of animals. All of these animal groups have gill arches in their developing embryos. These develop into functioning gills in fish embryos. They go on to develop into the morphological structures that make up our ears in the majority of terrestrial animals. This helps us understand how certain animal traits may have evolved from more basic ones. Cases like these add to the body of evidence showing that lobe-finned fishes are the ancestors of terrestrial mammals.
How does embryology prove evolution happened?Embryology offers no proof. The descriptive study of embryos is known as embryology. It has been discovered that embryos from all species have parts that should naturally belong to less advanced organisms. By the time the embryo develops into a fully formed live being, those structures have either vanished or changed into something more adapted to the particular environment. Because the ancestors of the species whose embryo we are investigating truly possessed such qualities and made use of them, we refer to them as atavistic features, from the Latin term for forefather. These traits are numerous. I'll name one. An embryonic human resembles an embryonic monkey almost exactly, down to the tail. Human genes guarantee (nearly invariably) that the tail resorbs, leaving just a little remnant with five tail bones, the coccyx, whereas the genes of the monkey ensure that it is still present at birth. Human embryos, as well as monkeys and many other animals, feature fish-like gill clefts. In our situation, they were born as more beneficial organs.
Therefore, embryology detects phenomena that call for justification. They would just be bizarre if they weren't. Every creature's embryology may be thoroughly examined to build a comprehensive picture that is perfectly compatible with evolution. That is but one piece of the puzzle of findings and information that support the hypothesis (i.e., explanation) of evolution.
To be fair, I should point out that there are alternative hypotheses that might account for the embryological findings as well as the variety and at the same time linear similarity of all living things, whether ancient and modern. Accepting these alternative explanations allows you to forget about learning anything and skip over years of fruitless inquiry in the fields of embryology, paleontology, biology, and anatomy. It also greatly simplifies the process of comprehension. All you need to do is put your trust in the scientifically illiterate authors from two centuries ago who, through no fault of their own, may have known nothing about biology, anatomy, or physiology because those fields didn't even exist at the time. As a result, they could have observed nothing and conducted zero research.
That does however require you to understand that the tens of thousands of scientists who have carried out all the work over the past 200 years have all been frauds, and that there is a massive global conspiracy devoted to disseminating lies and misinformation in order to enrage a small American sect known as creationists. even if the majority of those scientists practice religions similar to those of everyone else. Why? It must be to exact revenge on those hateful Christians, who have undoubtedly caused them terrible, unnamed suffering.
Comparative embryology studies the parallels and discrepancies among the embryos of distinct animals. Examining embryo similarities can demonstrate shared ancestry.
What is the study of embryos?Embryology is a branch of science that focuses on the conception, development, and growth of the embryo. For example, all vertebrate embryos have tails and gill holes.
It focuses on the prenatal stage of development, which begins with gamete creation, fertilization, zygote formation, embryonic and fetal development, and human birth.
The two main processes at work are growth and differentiation. These lead to the body's formation of distinctive tissues and organs that are specialized to perform certain activities.
Therefore, embryology studies the parallels and discrepancies among the embryos of distinct animals. Examining embryo similarities can demonstrate shared ancestry.
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Dancers create their steps using their knee and hip joints. In what way do knee joints differ from hip joints?
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Cytopathic effects are changes in host cells due to Group of answer choices viral infections. protozoan infections. fungal infections. bacterial infections. helminthic infections.
Cytopathic effects are changes in host cells due to viral infections. Thus, the correct option is A.
What are Cytopathic effects?Cytopathic effects may be defined as the process of structural transformations in a host cell resulting from viral infection.
Cytopathic effects happen when the infecting virus provokes lysis of the host cell or when the cell perishes without the process of lysis because of its ineptitude to reproduce.
As a result, this virus causes morphological transformations in the host cell is known as cytopathogenic.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is A.
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What is DNA replication and what are the steps 50 POINTS pls help fast
Answer:
In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. Replication occurs in three major steps: the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment!! :)
Astrocytes A. all of these B. induce the formation of the blood-brain barrier C. physically support neurons D. are important in the repair of brain injuries and in neural formation E. take up excess K from the brain ECF
Astrocytes perform the function of all of the given options i.e., induce the formation of the blood-brain barrier, physically support neurons, are important in the repair of brain injuries and in neural formation, take up excess K from the brain ECF.
Both invertebrates and vertebrates have Astrocytes, a star-shaped cell kind of neuroglia, in their nervous systems. Astrocytes can be separated into protoplasmic and fibrous kinds. In the central nervous system's white matter, myelinated nerve fibers are frequently surrounded by fibrous astrocytes.Numerous cytoplasmic processes on astrocytes end on axons, neuronal cell bodies, blood vessels, and synaptic terminals.b) The development of the blood-brain barrier is aided by the Astrocytes
c) Astrocytes support neurons physically and metabolically.
d) Astrocytes help in transfer of blood-borne materials to the neuron, and injury response of the brain and repair of brain injuries.
e) They also help with detoxification, migratory guidance, energy metabolism regulation and removal of excess K from brain ECF.
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Pls can someone help with my hw?
The experimental designs are used in research to analyze and observe the changes to determine the result. In test tube, A (test) the lime water will turn milky, and test tube B represents the control.
What is an experimental design?An experimental design is a setup that is used to observe and compare the test results of the control from the test group. Here, test tube A is the test and B is the control group.
From the experiment, the lime water in the test group will turn milky as there is cricket on the gauze of the tube. The cricket will release carbon dioxide as the result of cellular respiration and in return will react with lime water to produce a milky solution.
Test tube B, act as control as only lime water is present but the cricket is absent. It will be used to compare the results with the test group and will help in determining the role of carbon dioxide.
Therefore, the lime water will turn milky in test tube A.
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Many plants use ---(1)--- so they appear dangerous themselves. this acts as a ---(2)--- to prevent their consumption by predators.
Many plants use spines so they appear dangerous. This acts as a defense mechanism to prevent their consumption by predators.
Plants have developed a variety of defense mechanisms to protect themselves from herbivores, which help them survive and reproduce. Mechanical defenses on the plant's surface, synthesis of complex polymers that impair the digestibility of the plant to animals, and development of poisons that kill or repel herbivores are all examples of these types of defenses. It is possible for a plant to have defenses that are inherent to the plant and that are activated when it is damaged or under stress.
Physical defenses serve as the initial line of defense for many plants. These defenses make plant consumption challenging for herbivores. Physical protection includes thorns on roses and spines on trees such as hawthorn. These physical barriers harm herbivores and prevent them from consuming the stems and leaves of plants.
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Ovulation is triggered by peak concentrations of which peptide secreted into the blood A. estrogen B. LH C. ACTH D. FSH E. progesterone
Ovulation is triggered by peak concentrations of luteinising hormone peptide secreted into the blood, which is option B.
What is ovulation?Ovulation is the release of an ovum from an ovary.
Luteinising hormone is produced by anterior part of the pituitary gland and stimulates ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum in female mammals.
The luteinizing hormone is released in by the pituitary gland of the brain, which triggers the ovulation.
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If hunters remove all of the mountain lions, what impact would that have on the trees?
Please answer with a understandable explanation, using the image attached as a helping resource . ASAP
If hunters remove all of the mountain lions, the population of Deer will definitely increase that will affects the population of trees in negative aspects.
What is the Food web?The food web may be defined as the number of food chains interconnected with one another forming a web-like pattern.
In the image given above, the food web represents the delocalization of food and energy from one organism to another.
If hunters remove all of the mountain lions, the predator of deers gets eliminated, so now they got a chance to expand their population remarkably.
If the population of deer increases, the number of trees is declining due to the fact that deers derived their energy from trees.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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If one person in 50 is a carrier of an autosomal recessive disorder in a population, the chance that an unrelated man and woman are both carriers is
If one person in 50 is a carrier of an autosomal recessive disorder in a population, the chance that an unrelated man and woman are both carriers is 1/2500.
What is the genetic likelihood?The expression 'genetic likelihood' refers to the estimation to have a given phenotype (in this case, a recessive disorder).
The genetic likelihood that an unrelated man and woman are both carriers for a disorder that has an incidence of 1/50 in the population is equal to 1/50 x 1/50 = 1/2500.
In conclusion, the chance that an unrelated man and woman are heterozygous (carriers) for a autosomal recessive disorder that exhibits an incidence of 1/50 in the population is 1/2500.
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Which sentence describes a tropical dry forest?
The sentences that describe a tropical dry forest are:
A. It experiences rapid nutrient cycling.
D. It is mostly composed of deciduous trees.
What is a tropical dry forest?A tropical deciduous forest is one that contains trees with broad leaves, dry or semi-dry trees are present. This forest has always nutrient cycling and also contains deciduous forest.
The options are attached below:
A. It experiences rapid nutrient cycling
B. It is always wet
C. it has very poor soils
D. It is mostly composed of deciduous trees
Thus, options A and D are correct regarding tropical dry forest
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Explain why the absence of bacteria in the food does not necessarily mean the food is safe to eat.
Even if the bacteria is absent from the food, several fungi, mycotoxins, protozoa me be present in the food.
Foods are rarely sterile and often contain natural chemical substances. They contain a diverse population of microbes that come from many sources of the natural micro flora. From the time of harvest to the time of preparation and consumption, microbes contaminate the food. A food's microflora is primarily influenced by the type of microbe, the features of the food, contamination, and the conditions during preparation and storage. Foods may contain bacteria, fungus, protozoa, algae, viruses, and other microbial species.The absence of bacteria does not guarantee that the food is safe to consume because there may still be enterotoxins, mycotoxins, fungi, and other difficult-to-identify microorganisms present.learn more about food microflora here: https://brainly.com/question/15936720
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Many farmers are worried about the decreasing genetic diversity of plants associated with generations of artificial selection and inbreeding. Why is limiting random sexual reproduction of food crops concerning
Your question is incomplete. Please read below to find the missing content.
Larger portions of the plant populations are susceptible to the same diseases.
The answer is option A
The hassle of small farmer livelihood is aggravated due to the truth that small farmers be afflicted by many manufacturing dangers like drought, flood, loss of ok use of inputs, poor extension leading to huge yield gaps, loss of confidence and adequate irrigation, crop failure and so forth.
The farmer's concerns are:
cope with weather exchange, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss.satisfy customers' converting tastes and expectancies.Meet the growing call for more meals of higher high-quality.spend money on farm productivity.undertake and learn new technology.live resilient in opposition to worldwide financial elements.Many farmers are worried about the decreasing genetic diversity of plants associated with generations of artificial selection and inbreeding. Why is limiting random sexual reproduction of food crops concerning?
a. Larger portions of the plant populations are susceptible to the same diseases.
b. Mutations during asexual reproduction decrease plant fitness.
c. Spores are not viable in an agricultural setting.
d. Consumers do not trust identical-appearing produce.
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type 1 muscles are capable of generating the most energy due to the presence of more_____ and an increased rate in___ activity
Type 1 muscles are capable of generating the most energy due to the presence of more Mitochondria and an increased rate in Aerobic cellular activity.
There are two types of skeletal muscle fibers: slow-twitch (Type I) and fast-twitch (Type II). Longer durations of time require increased efficiency from type I muscle fibers. They are mostly utilized for exercises that require endurance or posture maintenance (such as holding the head up straight) (like marathon running).Possess an abundant supply of capillaries, a large number of mitochondria and aerobic respiratory enzymes, and a significant amount of myoglobin. Myoglobin, a crimson pigment that resembles hemoglobin found in red blood cells, helps the slow-twitch fibers receive more oxygen. The term "red fibers" is also used to describe slow-twitch fibers due to their high myoglobin concentration.learn more about Type 1 muscles here: https://brainly.com/question/26557931
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A ball is throwing up straight into the air what happens to the ball speed as it goes up and as it comes down?
Answer:
the speed of the ball remains the same.
Explanation:
due to newtons law of what goes up must come down applys to this question, and therefore the speed doesn't change.
Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT Group of answer choices phagocytosis. inflammation. production of antibody. production of interferon. activation of complement.
Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT option(c) i.e, production of antibody.
What is innate immunity?Innate immunity, also known as nonspecific immunity, is the defense mechanism you were born with and shielded from all antigens by it. Barriers that prevent hazardous substances from entering your body are a part of innate immunity. These barriers serve as the immune system's first line of defense.
Three protective mechanisms of the innate immune system can be distinguished: physical barriers, cellular components, and humoral responses.
There are four primary elements of innate immunity:
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Which structure is continuous with the septa that subdivide the interior of the testis into separate lobules
Tunica albuginea is continuous with the septa that subdivide the interior of the testis into separate lobules.
The human testis is about 1.5 to 2 inches long. It is covered by tunica albuginea which is a fibrous sac-like structure that also extends into the testis. These extensions act as partitions in the testis which helps in dividing the testis into 250 compartments (approximately).
The tunica albuginea sac is made up of type I collagen and a small amount of elastic type II collagen and elastin are also seen. Tunica albuginea has a bilayer structure in which the inner one is a circular layer and the outer one is the longitudinal layer. The emissary veins pass through the tunica albuginea and trap blood in the male reproductive organ when they become compressed (during engorgement).
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Cross-contamination can occur when uncooked foods containing live microbes come into contact with foods that have already been cooked. true false
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Cross-contamination is how bacteria can spread. It occurs when juices from raw meats or germs from unclean objects touch cooked or ready-to-eat foods.
i think it's the correct answer
five reasons why it is important for substances to be transported into the cell
Answer:
Moving things in and out of the cell is an important role of the plasma membrane. It controls everything that enters and leaves the cell. There are two basic ways that substances can cross the plasma membrane: passive transport, which requires no energy; and active transport, which requires energy.Water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are among the few simple molecules that can cross the cell membrane by diffusion (or a type of diffusion known as osmosis )
Explanation:
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Vitamin B12 Is Important for the body to function. It helps keep nerve cells healthy, and it helps with the formation of red blood cells.
When someone is vitamin B12 deficient, one of the reasons could be that the person's
efficiently.
ghts reserved.
Reset
Next
large intestine
small intestine
stomach
is not
the vitamin efficiently?
Answer:
stomach
Explanation:
stomach does not make enough intrinsic factor protein, the intestine cannot properly absorb vitamin B12.
medlineplusgov
Come up with a description for the chaparral biome.
Answer:
A temperate biome, chaparral, or Mediterranean Forests and Shrub is known for its hot, dry summers and moderate, wet winters. The winter and spring rainy seasons see almost all of the rainfall. The locations are
Mediterranean regionsCalifornia in North AmericaSouthern AustraliaSouthern AfricaThe chaparral is a distinctive group of plants that has adapted to poor, dry, well-drained soils, exposure to the sun, and maritime conditions. It predominates the south-facing slopes of California's numerous mountains, as can be seen on the cross-sectional map of the US shown above from the Pacific to the Atlantic Oceans. Some of the species are found up in Oregon, in the north.
Because the species are fire resistant in addition to withstanding mild drought, burning is a factor in the growth and health of this plant community.
Depending on the soil substrate, drainage, and plant species composition, the community is separated into hard and soft chaparral species. Additionally, there are seven different types of chaparral based on the predominant plant species.
As a result, these strange plant species are coupled with a vegetational relationship of fungi, mammals, and bacteria.
One authority notes that
“The Chaparral Biome of California. In further looking at the US chaparral biome in California, also known as the woodlands and grasslands of California,you'll find the biome in a section of the Sierra Nevada. The coastal range lays at 53° to 65º latitude on the coast and 32° to 60º North in the mountain range.”Introns must be removed prior to translation of the mRNA. In addition, eukaryotic transcripts (mRNA) have to undergo two more steps before it can be translated. What are these steps?
Eukaryotic transcripts (mRNA) have to undergo capping and splicing before it can be translated.
RNA processing:1. An RNA transcript is first produced in a eukaryotic cell as a pre-mRNA, which needs to be converted into a messenger RNA (mRNA).
2. The RNA transcript is given a 5' cap at the start and a 3' poly-A tail at the end.
3. The process of splicing involves cutting out some RNA transcript segments (introns), then joining the remaining segments (exons) back together.
4. Some genes have the ability to alternate splices, which produces various mature mRNA molecules from the same beginning transcript.
The introns not only do not contain the information necessary to construct a protein, but they also need to be cut off in order for the mRNA to create a protein with the correct sequence. An mRNA with extra "junk" in it will be created if the spliceosome fails to remove an intron, and the translation process will result in the production of the incorrect protein.
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In working with Drosophila it is common to use a balancer stock to maintain mutations of interest. The balancer chromosomes are generally carrying multiple inversions on them. What effect would the inversions have on meiosis
The inversion would suppress recombination.
In Drosophila, the mutations which are recessive are lethal or recessive sterile. Balancer chromosomes are used to hold the deleterious mutations in stable shares as well as to save you recombination with the aid of suppressing.
Chromosomal inversions prevent the recuperation of recombinant chromosomes in ways.
the crossovers do now not shape within the location of inversion breakpoints, due to the fact synapsis is inhibited.unmarried crossovers' inner inversions result in aneuploid gametes that cannot give upward push to normal progeny.Drosophila is a genus of flies, belonging to the own family Drosophilidae, whose participants are often referred to as "small fruit flies" or (much less regularly) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a connection with the feature of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.
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In this experiment, optical density is measured using a _______. In this experiment, optical density is measured using a _______. microscope thermocycler spectrophotometer caliper
In this experiment, optical density is measured using a spectrophotometer.
The spectrophotometer is a device that calculates how much light a substance absorbs. The spectrophotometer measures the light intensity of a sample by passing a light beam through it. Based on the Beer-Lambert rule, spectrophotometers may determine a solution's concentration by measuring the light intensity with wavelengths.A spectrophotometer is a device that counts the number of photons (light's energy) absorbed after they have passed through a sample solution. By measuring the intensity of light detected, the spectrophotometer may also estimate the quantities of a known chemical compound.
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Which of the following is NOT one of the
abiotic factors that affects freshwater biomes?
A. nutrients
B. temperature
C. sunlight
D. rock formations
Answer:
D. rock formations
Explanation:
because it wouldn't affect the environment's qualities (only how it looks physically)
Rock formation is not one of the abiotic factors that affects freshwater biomes. So, the correct option is (D).
What are Abiotic Factors?Abiotic components are defined as the non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect the functioning of living organisms and ecosystems. Abiotic factors and the phenomena associated with them underlie biology as a whole.
Some examples of abiotic factors in an ecosystem include sunlight, temperature, and the availability of nutrients.
So many organisms have evolved to be able to function in the presence of these abiotic factors that there are also organisms which can survive in the absence of these factors, such as some microorganisms that require a certain temperature range to grow.
Thus, Rock formation is not one of the abiotic factors that affects freshwater biomes. So, the correct option is (D).
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Fe + O₂- Fe₂O3
What will make this equation balanced?
Answer:
Explanation:
Fe + O2 → Fe2O3 is the unbalanced form of chemical reaction.
Balancing the simple molecules first, in this case the O2
Fe + 3O2→ Fe2O3 there are now 6 O atoms on the left, there must also be 6 O atoms on the right.
Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3
Balance the rest of the equation.
4Fe + 3O2→ 2Fe2O3
In pulmonary ventilation, the movement of gases is between the ______ and the ______. Multiple choice question.
In pulmonary ventilation, the movement of gases is between the atmosphere and the alveoli.
What are alveoli?The alveoli (singular alveolus) are sacs that fill with air during the respiratory process of higher animals.
These structures (alveoli) are located in the lungs where function to change oxygen and CO2.
In conclusion, gases move between the atmosphere and the alveoli.
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Which of the following is not a difference between Prokaryotic cells?
O Having a Nucleus
O The age of the cell
O The complexity of the cells
O The size of the cells
Answer:
The age of the cell
Explanation:
Assuming your question was meant to be "Which of the following is NOT a difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells?", everything except the age is different.
Prokaryotes are simple cells that have no nucleus and are generally small. Eukaryotes are complex cells that have a nucleus, organelles, and are much bigger than prokaryotes.
how the fruits and vegetables made available in the off seasons?
Answer:
some need artificial protection and production just to work different and put some own effect on vegetation from nature.
Based on the elements in glucose, and the way the atoms are attached, you could determine that
glucose is an example of
carbo molecule
hydrogen molecule
organic compound
inorganic compound
When examining the transmission of phenylketonuria (PKU), a recessive trait, we can clearly identify the __________ when a child is afflicted with PKU. For the child not afflicted with PKU, we can only identify the __________, as the child may or may not be a carrier. Group of answer choices
When examining the transmission of phenylketonuria (PKU), a recessive trait, we can clearly identify the genotype when a child is afflicted with PKU. For the child not afflicted with PKU, we can only identify the phenotype, as the child may or may not be a carrier.
An organism's genotype is its particular aggregate of alleles for a given gene. So, for example, in the pea plants above, the feasible genotypes for the flower-color gene were pink-purple, red-white, and white-white. The phenotype is the bodily manifestation of an organism's allellic combination (genotype).
Someone's genotype is their precise sequence of DNA. Greater specifically, this term is used to consult the two alleles someone has inherited for a selected gene. Phenotype is the detectable expression of this genotype – a patient's scientific presentation.
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