Answer:
Water, organic molecules, and inorganic ions are the constituents of cells. Water constitutes the greatest fraction of the three, accounting for almost three-quarters of the total mass of a cell. The interactions between the various components of a cell and its water content is key to biological chemistry.
Sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphate, and chloride, are among the chief inorganic ions of a cell, and represent not more than 1% of the cell mass. But the organic molecules are the really novel components of a cell. Most such organic compounds belong to one of the following molecule classes:
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Within individual cells, there exist thousands of different types of macromolecules, or organic compounds. These will be different, even among the cells of the same person. The variations are more extensive among different people. Macromolecules - proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides - are formed by the polymerization of hundreds of their low-molecular-weight precursors - amino acids, nucleotides, and simple sugars.
The diversity among macromolecules evolves from the vast potential to form different combinations of the 50 or so common monomers which make up a macromolecule. These macromolecules may constitute up to 90% of a cell’s dry weight. It is possible to comprehend the basic chemistry of a cell’s makeup by understanding the functions and structures of the four major types of organic compounds, or macromolecules.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the basic building materials and nutrients of the body. Simple sugars and polysaccharides compose this group. Glucose is an example of a simple sugar that is an important cellular nutrient. Decomposition of the simple sugars by chemical reaction generates cellular energy as well as initiating the synthesis of other constituents of a cell. The polysaccharides, or complex carbohydrates, represent the form that sugar takes when it is stored. Polysaccharides are the structural components of a cell. Moreover, polysaccharides and other sugars may function as markers for certain cellular recognition processes, including the intracellular movement of proteins.
Lipids
Lipids are hydrophobic molecules. They are a highly efficient form of energy storage, and are major constituents of the cell membrane. They are important in cell signaling, function as the starting point for various biosynthetic processes such as the synthesis of estrogen and testosterone. Some lipids are able to convey signals from cell surface receptors to targets in the same or other cells. Phospholipids contain two fatty acids joined to a polar head group. Besides the phospholipids, cells have glycolipids and cholesterol.
Nucleic acids
Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary data. DNA and RNA represent the informational molecules of a cell. DNA plays a crucial role as the genetic material of humans and many other species. RNA takes part in various cellular activities. Messenger RNA (mRNA) transports information from DNA to the ribosomes, where they are involved in synthesizing proteins. In addition, ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA are involved in protein synthesis. Other RNA molecules process and move both proteins and RNA. RNA can also catalyze chemical reactions, such as those involving the synthesis of proteins and the processing of RNA.
Proteins
Proteins play an important role in most of the tasks that an organism performs. Proteins carry out the work of a cell, directed by the genetic information carried by the nucleic acids. A cell holds many thousands of proteins, which function as a cell’s structural elements, storing and transporting small molecules, transmitting data among cells, and defending the body against the onset of infections. But proteins also function as enzymes that accelerate most chemical reactions. In this manner, proteins guide most cellular activities.
Explanation:
Label the brain parts
Answer:
A = parietal labe | B = gyrus of the cerebrum | C = corpus callosum | D = frontal lobe
E = thalamus | F = hypothalamus | G = pituitary gland | H = midbrain
J = pons | K = medulla oblongata | L = cerebellum | M = transverse fissure | N = occipital lobe
Explanation:
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How is the change in free energy of an enzme-catalyzed reaction and an uncatalyzed reaction different
Answer: Catalyzed reactions have a lower activation energy (rate-limiting free energy of activation) than the corresponding uncatalyzed reaction, resulting in a higher reaction rate at the same temperature and for the same reactant concentrations. However, the detailed mechanics of catalysis is complex.
Explanation:
How is malnutrition and obesity related to macronutrients/micronutrients?
Answer:Micronutrients malnutrition is a term used to refer to diseases caused by a dietary deficiency of vitamins or minerals/ Micronutrient malnutrition diseases caused by a dietary deficiency of vitamins or minerals. Despite excessive dietary consumption, obese individuals have high rates of micronutrient deficiencies/ macronutrients in carbohydrates are most strongly and positively associated with increases in obesity prevalence even when controlling for changes in total caloric intake and occupation-related physical activity.
Explanation:
8. All of the following are true of surface currents except (1 point)
Othey are influenced by wind.
Othey can exist in large lakes.
Othey are found in the top 1,300 feet of the ocean.
Othey have the same movement as thermohaline currents.
Water current involves surface or deep water circulation. Surface currents are influenced by winds and occur in the top 1313 feet of depth. Statement 4 is false. They have the same movement as thermohaline currents.
-----------------------------------------------
Many different factors can produce water currents in lakes and oceans. Some of these factors are
winds, temperature, salinity, earthquakes, and storms.When talking about water circulation, there are two main types of movements,
Surface circulation, which occurs from 0 to 400 meters deep (up to 1313 feet aproximatelly)Deep circulation, which occurs at depths that super 400 meters.Surface circulation is closely related to horizontal water movements, while deep circulation is related to vertical ones.
→ Horizontal water movements
They are produced by the action of different winds on the surface. Superficial winds, influenced by the Coriolis effects, are responsible for most of the marine currents. Trade winds push the water surface forward western direction in the equator, while western winds produce currents that move water to the east at higher latitudes.By the Coriolis effect, water masses are deviated to the west or the east, depending on the hemisphere, resulting in large clockwise circular turns in the Northern Hemisphere and the opposite direction in the Southern Hemisphere.Warmer currents travel from the tropics, along the continental margins, carrying warm water to higher latitudes, and as they do so, these water masses get cooler, producing cold currents.
→ Vertical movements
They can be related to density, salinity, and temperature. Variation of these factors causes thermohaline currents, which move water vertically, transporting cold water with nutrients from the bottom to the surface.According to this resumed framework,
→ Surface currents ⇒ horizontal movement ⇒ up to 400 m depth ≅ 1313 feet
→ Deep currents ⇒ vertical movement ⇒ more than 400 m depth.
OPTIONS
they are influenced by wind ⇒ TRUE they can exist in large lakes ⇒ TRUE they are found in the top 1,300 feet of the ocean ⇒ TRUE they have the same movement as thermohaline currents ⇒ FALSE------------------------------------------------------------------------
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reproduction always creates individuals with adaptive traits. Does this seem correct? Why or why not?
There are 2 major ways in which neurotransmitters are removed from the synapse. What are they?
Explanation:
enzymatic degradation,re-uptake into the presynaptic cell,or diffusion
Explain the role that the larger nucleus of an oxygen atom plays in creating the polarity of a water molecule
Answer:
The larger nucleus of oxygen exerts a stronger pull on the shared electrons in the water molecule, creating the partial negative charge on the oxygen atom, resulting in the polarity.
To what group do oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur belong?
alkaline earth metals
alkali metals
nonmetals
halogens
Nonmetals
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Oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur belong to nonmetals. Nonmetals do not have any lusture, they are poor conductors of electricity.
What are nonmetals?A nonmetal is an element that lacks the characteristics of a metal. It is characterized by what it is not rather than by what it is. It doesn't have a metallic appearance, can't be formed into a wire, bent, or pounded into shape, has a low melting or boiling temperature, and isn't good at conducting heat or electricity.
On the periodic table, nonmetals make up a small portion and are mostly found on their right side. The one exception is hydrogen, which appears in the upper left corner of the periodic table and behaves as a nonmetal at ambient temperature and pressure. Hydrogen is projected to behave like an alkali metal under high pressure.
Therefore, Oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur belong to nonmetals. Nonmetals do not have any lusture, they are poor conductors of electricity.
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If you were a vegetable, what vegetable would you be?
Answer:
A cucumber
Explanation:
I can be made into a pickle and I really like pickles
Answer:
non because I dont like vegetables I would rather be a fruiy
Which set of jobs will be found in the field of genomics and molecular biology?
Answer:
It's D
Explanation:
Answer:
Answer is D evolution of disease.
Explanation:
list three characteristics that distinguish monocots from dicots
Answer:Look it up
Explanation: use jiska
Place the four images from the cell cycle in the correct chronological order. four magnified cells A. Image A, image D, image B, image C B. Image C, image D, image B, image A C. Image C, image B, image A, image D D. Image B, image C, image D, image A
Cell Division Lesson Info
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Questions & Answers
Place the four images from the cell cycle in the correct chronological order.
four magnified cells
A. Image A, image D, image B, image C
B. Image C, image D, image B, image A
C. Image C, image B, image A, image D
D. Image B, image C, image D, image A
Correct Answer: C. Image C, image B, image A, image D
Explanation: Image C shows the cell in interphase. The cell's DNA is in the form of chromatin. Image B shows the cell in prophase. The chromosomes have thickened and can be seen individually. Outside the nucleus, spindle fiber is beginning to form between the centrioles. Image A shows the cell in metaphase. The chromosomes have lined up along the equator of the cell and are attached to spindle fibers at their centromere. Image D shows the cell in anaphase. The individual chromatids have been drawn apart to opposite poles of the cell. This is just before the cell begins to split into two identical cells.
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During which phase does the cell actually separate into two individual daughter cells?
A. Prophase
B. Cytokinesis
C. Interphase
D. Metaphase
Correct Answer: B. Cytokinesis
Explanation: Cytokinesis is the phase during which the cytoplasm of the cell divides and the cell actually separates into two cells. The term cytokinesis actually means cutting (kinesis) of the cytoplasm.
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Results Summary
If your were to examine a sample of 1000 cells, in which of the phases listed below would you expect to find most of the cells?
A. Interphase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: A. Interphase
Explanation: Most cells spend about 90% of their life cycle in interphase. Therefore, if you were to examine a random sample of cells, most of them would be found to be in interphase.
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Upon examining a sample consisting of 100 cells, you find the following distribution of cell phases. If you know that the cell cycle for this type of cell takes two hours, how long, on average, does the cell spend in prophase?
table of cell phase data
A. 8 minutes
B. 16 minutes
C. 22 minutes
D. 30 minutes
Correct Answer: D. 30 minutes
Explanation: There are 100 cells and 25 of them, or 1/4 of the entire sample, are in prophase. From this you can conclude that these cells spend 1/4 of their cell cycle in prophase. The length of the cell cycle for these cells is 2 hours, or 120 minutes. Therefore, the cells spend about 30 minutes in prophase.
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In what part of the cell cycle does the DNA make a copy of itself?
A. Interphase
B. Prophase
C. Telophase
D. Cytokinesis
Correct Answer: A. Interphase
Explanation: The replication of DNA occurs during interphase. Arguably, the replication of DNA is the most important step in the cell cycle, as it allows the cell to pass on a full copy of its DNA to each daughter cell. If this step did not occur, each daughter cell would only receive a portion of the parent DNA.
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The cell cycle in the correct chronological order is the cell during interphase (image C), Prophase (image B), metaphase (image A), and Anaphase (image D) (Option C).
The cell cycle can be divided into an interphase and a mitotic (M) phase, in which the cell divides.The interphase is the phase where the cell replicates its genetic material (DNA) and grows to prepare for its division.The interphase divides into a Growth 1 (G1) phase, Synthesis (S) phase and Growth 2 (G2) phase.The M phase can, in turn, be divided into these sequential steps:
ProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophaseIn conclusion, the cell cycle in the correct chronological order is the cell during interphase (image C), Prophase (image B), metaphase (image A), and Anaphase (image D) (Option C).
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Select the two substances that are reactants in the chemical process that releases 36 to 38 ATP in cells.
Potassium
Oxygen
Water
Sodium
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
Answer: oxygen and glucose
Explanation: took the test
Removing plastic waste from the oceans now will help protect aquatic species in the future. Whose interests does the article mainly represent?
Answer:
The article mainly represents the interests of future generations.
Answer:
Sample Answer:
The article mainly represents the interests of future generations.
Explanation:
cellular respiration occurs in both plants and animals. why do plants need cellular respiration?
Answer:
Like all other organisms, plants require energy to grow and thrive in their environment. The process of cellular respiration allows plants to break down glucose into ATP. ... Although plants use photosynthesis to produce glucose, they use cellular respiration to release energy from the glucose
Bonds between two oxygen atoms are
bonds.
O a. polar covalent
O b. hydrogen
O c. ionic
O d. nonpolar covalent
O e. hydrophobic
Explain why inmates who have been in the dark cell for quite long usually have problems with their eyes and usually squint when in bright light?
Answer:
No one can see in total darkness. Fortunately, there’s almost always some light available. Even if it’s only dim starlight, that’s enough for your eyes to detect. What’s truly amazing is how little light is required for you to see.
Human eyes have two main features that help us see better in low light: the pupil’s ability to change size, and the eye’s two types of light-sensing cells.
Opening up to let in more light
Your pupils are the black areas at the front of your eyes that let light enter. They look black because the light that reaches them is absorbed inside the eyeball. It’s then converted by your brain into your perceptions of the world.
You’ve probably noticed that pupils can change size in response to light. Outside on a bright sunny day, your pupils become very small. This lets less light into the eye since there’s plenty available
In plant cells a plate begins to form while a c_________ f___________ is visible in animal cells
Answer:
Explanation:
Which two organs secrete the enzymes and hormones that help with digestion?
pancreas
kidneys
bladder
liver
Answer:
the gallbladder and pancreas
Explanation:
These organs secrete or store substances that are needed for digestion in the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum, where most chemical digestion takes place.
Answer:
pancrease and liver
Explanation:
Describe the Mass of an atom
Answer:
the mass of an atom is a daltons
Answer:
Atomic mass is defined as the number of protons and neutrons in an atom, where each proton and neutron has a mass of approximately 1 amu (1.0073 and 1.0087, respectively). For elements such as beryllium or fluorine that only have one naturally occurring isotope, the atomic mass is equal to the atomic weight.
Addition to a cell membrane plant cell also have what that serve to provide strength and support to cell
Answer:
The structure found in plant cells, but not animal cells, that carries out the process of photosynthesis is . ... are structures that contain digestive enzymes. cell wall. in addition to a cell membrane, plant cells also have a that serves to provide strength and support to the cell.
Explanation:
What is the most common form of life within forest areas/plains
(Do not need an answer ASAP I am just creating a study guide)
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is turning a liquid to a gas a chemical reaction
Answer:
Yes. It's called condensation.
Explanation:
Nope.
Turning a liquid to a gas is not a chemical change...its a physical change vecause it is going from a liquid phase to a gas phase. A physical change can be be reversible and irreversible. Therefore vaporisation is a physical change (liquid 2 gas).
Hope this helps- have a good day bro cya)
prediction : red clouds at night or in the evening means
Answer:
Red sky at night, sailors delight.
When we see a red sky at night, this means that the setting sun is sending its light through a high concentration of dust particles. This usually indicates high pressure and stable air coming in from the west. Basically good weather will follow.
Explanation:
(Please help!) A scientist is studying the population of Cape Fox over four generations to determine if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
No, the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because the frequencies of alleles have changed over the four generations.
Yes, the population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because the fourth generation reverts back to the initial population levels.
No, the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles are not equal.
Yes, the population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because the recessive allele is always greater than the dominant allele.
Answer:
Explanation:
1 There are no mutations in the DNA of the population.
2 The recessive phenotype in this population may serve as an adaptation in this environment.
3 No, the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because the frequencies of alleles have changed over the four generations.
4 The brown color is an adaptation that is being selected by the environment.
5 The number of individuals displaying each phenotype in both the current generation and the offspring.
No, the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because the frequencies of alleles have changed over the four generations.
What is Hardy-weinberg Equation?The hardy-Weinberg equation is used to calculate the genetic variation in a population, which is in equilibrium.
The equation is p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.
The given data has changed in the frequency of allele, so there is no equilibrium.
But, Hardy-Weinberg Equation tells the genetic variation in equilibrium.
Thus, the correct option is A, No, the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because the frequencies of alleles have changed over the four generations.
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magine that you are a genetic counsellor, and a couple planning to start a family comes to you for information. Mary’s brother has albinism (recessive disorder), but Mary's parents do not have albinism. Her husband, John, has been tested and has not been found to be a carrier. What is the probability that Mary is a carrier?
Answer:
she is a disabeld pearson
Explanation:
hope it help =) i'm not very smaart tbh
amino acid can be split into two groups. Name and Descibe the two groups
the 2 groups are essential acids and non essential acids. basically essential amino acids have to be made from what somebody eats (your diet). non essential amino acids are made in the body.
Amino acids can be divided into two groups, and these groups are essential and non-essential amino acids.
What are amino acids?Amino acids are micro molecules that are made up of amine and carboxylic groups. A side R group chain is also present. It is the basic unit of protein. Many amino acids join together to form protein. There is a total of 20 amino acids.
There are two types of amino acids full stop non-essential amino acids are those assets that a living body can produce, so they cannot be taken from outside food. Essential amino acids cannot be produced by the body, so they are taken in the form of food.
Therefore, essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids are the two categories into which amino acids can be categorized.
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Eukaryotes can be found in a variety of environments. Describe at least 2 places where you might come in contact with eukaryotic microbes in nature. What makes this environment suitable for these microbes?
Answer:
1. Prokaryotes are all around us. Develop an experiment to visualize these microbes from an environmental sample.
2. Flagella are unique structures on some microbes. What role does flagella play to help microbes?
3. Eukaryotes can be found in a variety of environments. Describe at least 2 places where you might come in contact with eukaryotic microbes in nature. What makes this environment suitable for these microbes?
4. Scientists have argued for decades about whether viruses are alive. Using a pros and cons list, indicate at least 3 characteristics on both lists that support this argument.
Explanation:
identify the three parts of a nucleotide
Answer:
The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides, which are made up of three parts: a deoxyribose (5-carbon sugar), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Answer:
Nitrogenous Base, Pentose Sugar, Phosphate Group
Explanation:
What are the stages of mitosis
Answer & Explanation:
There are four main stages of mitosis. Those are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
The stages are also shown below on the diagram. Hope this helps!