The Viking spacecraft observed several features on Mars that, at first, appeared to be artificially crafted. After further study the features were primarily naturally occurring phenomena resulting from _____ on the Martian surface.

When two sides of a membrane are in contact with each other, the distribution of ions will alter as a result of the binding of a signal molecule to a ligand-gated ion channel.

Ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) are membrane proteins that are structurally integral and feature a pore that permits the controlled passage of particular ions across the plasma membrane. The electrochemical gradient for the permeant ions drives the passive ion flux.

When a chemical ligand, such as a neurotransmitter, attaches to the protein, ligand-gated ion channels open. Changes in membrane potential cause voltage channels to open and close. When a receptor physically deforms, as in the case of pressure and touch receptors, mechanically-gated channels open.

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Acceleration is constant, so we can use the following kinematic equation and Newton's second law.

[tex]{v_f}^2 - {v_i}^2 = 2a\Delta x \implies -{v_i}^2 = -2\dfrac{F}{m}\Delta x \implies {v_i}^2 = 2\dfrac{F}{m} \Delta x[/tex]

where [tex]v_i[/tex] and [tex]v_f[/tex] are initial/final velocities, [tex]a[/tex] is acceleration, [tex]\Delta x[/tex] is displacment, [tex]F[/tex] is force, and [tex]m[/tex] is mass. Since the objects are coming to rest, the acceleration opposes the direction of motion and is negative.

Solve for [tex]\Delta x[/tex].

[tex]\Delta x = -\dfrac{m {v_i}^2}{2F}[/tex]

Compute the displacements of both objects.

[tex]\Delta x_{5.0\text{-kg}} = -\dfrac{(5.0\,\mathrm{kg}) \left(2.0\frac{\rm m}{\rm s}\right)^2}{2F} = -\dfrac{10}F \dfrac{\rm m}{\rm N}[/tex]

[tex]\Delta x_{1.25\text{-kg}} = -\dfrac{(1.25\,\mathrm{kg}) \left(4.0\frac{\rm m}{\rm s}\right)^2}{2F} = -\dfrac{10}F \dfrac{\rm m}{\rm N}[/tex]

Then both objects are displaced by the same amount.

Answer:

They stop in the same distance

Explanation:

f friction is the same for both and must overcome the KE of each object to bring each to rest.

f friction * d   = 1/2 mv^2    for each object :

f * d1 = 1/2 m1 v1^2                      f * d2 = 1/2 m2 v2^2

       =  1/2 5 (2 )^2                               = 1/2 1.25 (4)^2

Object 1  KE = 10  j                       Object 2 KE =    10 j

f d1 / f d2   =    10 / 10      ( f is the same for both)

  d1 / d2 = 1                    so  d1 = d2    they stop in the same distance !

Angular velocity of the object is 0.5 radian/second.

To find the answer, we need to know about the angular velocity.

The angular velocity= velocity/ radius

The angular velocity of the object is 2/4 = 0.5 radian/second.

Thus, we can conclude that the angular velocity is 0.5 radian/second.

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The coefficients in order are 2, 1, 1

A balanced equation is an equation for a chemical reaction in which the number of atoms for each element in the reaction and the total charge is the same for both the reactants and the products.

In other words, the mass and the charge are balanced on both sides of the reaction.

According to the given situation,

To balance the the chemical equation,

Step 1 - Add a 2 on the Na2HPO4:

2(Na₂HPO₄)  ⇒ Na4P₂O₇ + H₂O

Step 2 -Next take count of each element on both sides to see if the 2 is balanced or not:

On the left there are 4 Na, 2 H, 2 P, and 8 O

On the right there are 4 Na, 2 H, 2 P, and 8 O

Step 3 - Now we will divide by 2

i.e. 2 NA.H. P

The coefficient of  Na is 2 , Coefficient of H is 1 and Coefficient of P is 1

Therefore,

The coefficients in order are 2, 1, 1.

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The work required to compress it another 1 in Btu is 0.02463 Btu.

Work finished is elaborated in the sort of way that it consists of both forces exerted at the frame and the full displacement of the body. This block is preceded by a steady force F. The reason for this pressure is to transport the frame a sure distance d in an instant course in the direction of the force.

To explicit this idea mathematically, the work W is the same as the pressure f instances the distance d, or W = FD. If the pressure is being exerted at a perspective θ to the displacement, the work finished is W = FD cos θ.

The work is executed whenever a force actions something over a distance. you can calculate the electricity transferred, or work completed, by multiplying the force by way of the space moved inside the course of the force.

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The the distance between the asteroid and the earth's surface measured in the earth's radius is 1.82 R

What are the Asteroids:

here,

An asteroid experiences acceleration on earth's orbit which is 8.0 times smaller than it on the earth surface.

Free fall acceleration of Asteroid:

so,

g' = GM /(R + x)^2 ------1

g = GM / R^2

g' = 1/8 ( GM / R^2 ) -------1

where G is gravitational constant

M is mass of earth

R is earth's radius

comparing both equations 1 and 2

GM /(R + x)^2 =  1/8 ( GM / R^2 )

8 R^2 = (R + x)^2

2√2 * R = R + x

x = R (2√2 - 1)

x = 1.82*R

hence, The the distance between the asteroid and the earth's surface measured in the earth's radius is 1.82*R

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Answer:

20m/s

Explanation:

it covers 20 metres in a second

Answer:

Gravity and Air resistance.

Explanation:

A projectile is an object that is launched into the air by the application of an external force and they are able to move freely under the influence of gravity and air resistance.

Therefore,

The 2 forces acting on a projectile are:

Gravity and Air resistance.

Answer:

,ff

Explanation:

2331552378 added mee

The angle of bank needed, measured from the vertical is 86.6⁰.

The angle of bank needed, measured from the vertical is calculated as follows;

v = √(rg tanθ)

where;

400² = (960 x 9.8 x tanθ)

tanθ = 400²(960 x 9.8)

tanθ = 17

θ  = arc tan(17)

θ  = 86.6⁰

Thus, the angle of bank needed, measured from the vertical is 86.6⁰.

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It will take a considerable amount of effort to pump the flat tire because of the bicycle pump has smaller area and it will require more force to push air into the flat tire.

Pressure is defined as force applied per unit area of the given surface.

Pressure = Force/Area

The pressure of air inside the bicycle pump is smaller compared to the air pressure inside the tire.

Thus, it will take a considerable amount of effort to pump the flat tire because of the bicycle pump has smaller area and it will require more force to push air into the flat tire.

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Two infinite sheets of current flow parallel to the y-z plane. The left-hand sheet, which intersects the x-axis at x = 0, consists of an infinite array of wires parallel to the z-axis with a density of n = 910 wires/m and current per wire of IL = 0.14 A in the +zdirection.

The right-hand sheet, which intersects the x-axis at x = a = 12 cm, is identical to the left-hand sheet, except that it has a current per wire of IR = 0.14 A in the -z-direction.

(a) Calculate the y-components of the net magnetic field in the following places:

x1 = -15 cm, x2 =6 cm, and x3 = 24 cm. (The x- and z-components of the B-field are zero.)

B(x1)y = T

B(x2)y = T

B(x3)y = T

Please check the attached file for a detailed answer.

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Answer: 167.7702 N (Newtons)

Explanation: I had this type of work, so I hope I am correct.

Answer:

~ 168 N

Explanation:

F = m a

 = 20.41 * 8.22 = 167.7702 N

Applications of Magnetic Effect of ELectric Current:

Electrical appliances such as the electric doorbell, electric fan, electric engines work on the principle of electromagnets. They are used in lifting weighty iron gears and iron scrap.

Magnetic field exercises a force on a current carrying conductor. The force exerted on the current carrying conductor depends upon the demand of current and movement of magnetic field acting on it.

Examples of magnetic force is a compass, a motor, the interests that hold stuff on the refrigerator, train tracks, and new roller coasters. All moving costs give rise to a magnetic field and the charges that move through its regions, share a force.

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Option (c) is correct  

This is an example of Ultra-high-temperature pasteurization(UHT).

For ultra-high-temperature (UHT) pasteurization, milk or cream must be heated for one or two seconds to 138–150 °C (280–302 °F).

The most popular application of UHT is in the production of milk, although it is also used in the production of fruit juices, cream, soy milk, yoghurt, wine, soups, honey, and stews.

The normal unrefrigerated shelf life of UHT milk in a sterile container is six to nine months.

UHT milk is aseptically packaged to provide a shelf-stable good. A sterile product is put within a sterile package using aseptic packaging and such processing needs to happen in a sterile setting.

Both pasteurization and sterilization help in the destruction of microbes and enzymes by heating but pasteurization only kills the vegetative stage of the bacteria, which is where the spores survive, whereas sterilization kills all microorganisms and their spores.

Therefore, an automated machine passes milk through steam at a temperature of 138°C for two seconds and then cools it rapidly is an example of Ultra-high-temperature pasteurization.

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16.03 m/s is the initial speed of the cans.

Newton’s equations of motion has to be used to solve it;

He wants collision at height (h) = 4.0 m

The acceleration due to gravity  as,

                                                      g =9.8ms−²

The initial speed of the thrown can is calculated by:

h = vt - ¹/₂gt²

4 = 3t - (0.5)(9.8)(3)²

4 = 3t - 44.1

3t = 48.1

t = 48.1/3

t = 16.03 m/s

Thus, the initial speed of the boy's thrown can is 16.03 m/s.

By measuring the rate at which the velocity varies with regard to the passage of time, one can calculate the acceleration of a body. By calculating the rate at which the displacement varies with regard to the passage of time, the velocity may be calculated. The perpendicular distance between the body's initial and final locations is its displacement. These are all vector quantities, meaning they all have both magnitude and direction.

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when the gravity of a massive star's collapsing core is able to overcome neutron degeneracy pressure, then The core contracts and becomes black hole.

What is degeneracy pressure:

Some neutron stars may have a surface layer of highly degenerate matter that is compressed to great density, but still has some protons

Unlike the main body of the neutron star which is Neutronium, matter compressed until it is all neutrons, packed together. Essentially a huge atomic nucleus.

The star cools and all remaining matter is bound by gravitation into a neutron star.

This object is composed primarily of degenerate neutron matter, this star will collapse into a black hole because gravity will overcome the neutron degeneracy pressure.

hence, when the gravity of a massive star's collapsing core is able to overcome neutron degeneracy pressure, The core contracts and becomes a black hole.

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The magnitude of electric field inside the solid at a distance of 9.50cm from the center of the cavity is 6.5 x 10⁵ N/C.

V = ⁴/₃π(R³ - r³)

V = ⁴/₃π (0.092³ - 0.0655³)

V = 2.085 x 10⁻³ m³

Q = Vσ

where;

Q = 2.085 x 10⁻³ m³  x 7.35 x 10⁻⁴ C/m³

Q = 1.53  x 10⁻⁶ C

E = kQ/R²

E₁ = (9 x 10⁹ x 1.53 x 10⁻⁶)/(0.092)²

E₁ = 1.627 x 10⁶ N/C

E₂ = (9 x 10⁹ x 2.14 x 10⁻⁶)/(0.092)²

E₂ = 2.276 x 10⁶ N/C

Electric field inside the solid at a distance of 9.50cm from the center of the cavity;

E = E₂ - E₁

E =  2.276 x 10⁶ N/C - 1.627 x 10⁶ N/C

E = 6.5 x 10⁵ N/C

Thus, the magnitude of electric field inside the solid at a distance of 9.50cm from the center of the cavity is 6.5 x 10⁵ N/C.

Complete question:

A point charge of -2.14uC  is located in the center of a spherical cavity of radius 6.55cm  inside an insulating spherical charged solid. The charge density in the solid is 7.35×10−4 C/m^3.

a) Calculate the magnitude of the electric field inside the solid at a distance of 9.20cm  from the center of the cavity.  

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Answer:

Mechanical advantage

Explanation:

Machines help us in giving more output than the input incurred so it only increases mechanical advantage, all the other quantities are dependent on the mechanical advantage.

Projectile effects are a hazard in MRI fields.

MRI stands for - Magnetic resonance imaging and it is a medical imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues in your body.

Projectile effects are a hazard in MRI fields, due to attraction exerted by the static magnetic field of the MRI scanner on ferromagnetic objects accidentally introduced into the MRI-scanner room.

Thus, Projectile effects are a hazard in MRI fields.

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a gearbox bru.

The frictional force exerted by the road on the car is 3000N

Given the mass of the car is 1000 kg , the velocity of the car is 20m/s

and the time is 6.6s

We need to find the frictional force exerted by the road on the car

We know that Force = mass * acceleration

Now here Mass is given but acceleration is not given

So, we will find acceleration by using the formula v = u+at

Where u = 0

v = 20m/s

a = ?

t = 6.6

Substitute the values in the formula We get

v = u+at

20 = 0+(a)(6.6)

20/6.6 = a

∴ a = 3.03 m/s^2

Rounding to nearest tenth is 3m/s^2

Hence the acceleration is 3m/s^2

Now substituting the value of acceleration in F = ma

Where m = mass

a = acceleration

F = 1000*3

∴ F = 3000N

Hence the frictional force exerted by the road on the car is 3000 N

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Answer: Igneous it forms because of magma but magma is under the earths surface so its Igneous

Explanation:

Answer:

its metamorphic.

Explanation:

For a simple compressible system, the change in the total energy of a system during a process is affected by changes in potential, kinetic, and internal energies.

The conservation of energy principle sometimes referred to as the first law of thermodynamics, offers a reliable framework for researching the connections between the many types of energy and their interactions. The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy can only change forms during a process; it cannot be created or destroyed, according to experimental data. As a result, during a procedure, every piece of energy should be taken into account.

The evaluation of the system's energy at the start and end of the process, as well as the difference between them, is necessary to calculate the energy change of a system during a process. That is,

Energy change = Energy at final state - Energy at the initial state

                                  Δ[tex]E_{system}[/tex] = [tex]E_{2} - E_{1}[/tex]

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Answer:

V = a * t      for uniformly accelerated motion starting at zero speed

V = 4 s * 9.8 m/s^2 = 39.2 m/s

S = V0 t + 1/2 a t^2 = 1/2 a t^2

S = 1/2 * 9.8 m/s^2 * 16 s^2 = 78.4 m

Check:

Average speed = 39.2 / 2 = 19.6 m/s

S = 4 * 19.6 = 78.4 m

The power that heat pump draws when running will be 6.55 kj/kg

A heat pump is a device that uses the refrigeration cycle to transfer thermal energy from the outside to heat a building (or a portion of a structure).

Given a heat pump used to heat a house runs about one-third of the time. The house is losing heat at an average rate of 22,000 kJ/h and if the COP of the heat pump is 2.8

We have to determine the power the heat pump draws when running.

To solve this question we have to assume that the heat pump is at steady state

Let,

Q₁ = 22000 kj/kg

COP = 2.8

Since heat pump used to heat a house runs about one-third of the time.

So,

Q₁ = 3(22000) = 66000 kj/kg

We known the formula for cop of heat pump which is as follow:

COP = Q₁/ω

2.8 = 66000 / ω

ω = 66000 / 2.8

ω = 6.66 kj/kg

Hence the power that heat pump draws when running will be 6.55 kj/kg

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The answer is 1 m/s toward the shuttle.

In physics, conservation means that the initial and final values are equivalent. This implies that a system's total starting and total final momentums will be identical in terms of momentum. The force acting on an item will always be equal to the change in the object's momentum over time, according to Newton's second law.

Therefore, initial momentum = final momentum

                               Pi           =         Pf

                           100*2         =        20*6+80*v

                            200           =         120+80*v

                          200-120      =          80*v

                              80           =          80*v

                               1            =           v

                               v            =           1 m/s

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The truck's velocity is 25 m/s.

It is given that,

                         mass, m= 36,287 kg

               momentum, p =  907,175 kg-m/s

Using the formula of momentum, we know that

                                     p = mv

Plugging in the values

               907,175 kg-m/s = 36,287 kg x v

                           v = 25 m/s

So, the velocity of the truck is 25 m/s.

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Answer:25

Explanation:your welcome!:)

Answer:

An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip on a fault. The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck at their edges due to friction.

Explanation:

Tensions around rocks are increasing, and an earthquake begins at tectonic plates.

The majority of earthquakes begin at or close to tectonic plate borders, where stress and strain gradually build up due to interactions between the plates over time. An earthquake occurs when the amount of accumulated tension surpasses the capacity of the rocks, which causes an abrupt release of energy. When there is an earthquake, seismic waves are released, and we feel and sense shaking as a result.

But even beyond plate borders, within tectonic plates, earthquakes can still happen. These earthquakes, also known as intraplate earthquakes, are frequently connected to old faults or weak spots in the crust of the Earth. Despite being less frequent than those near plate borders, intraplate earthquakes can nevertheless be severe and cause damage in populated regions.

Hence, tensions around rocks are increasing, and an earthquake begins at tectonic plates.

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The voltage drop across the circuit, given that 0.05 A flows in the circuit is 1.25 V

This law states as follows:

V = IR

Where

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

V = IR

V = 0.05 × 25

V = 1.25 V

Therefore, the voltage drop across the circuit is 1.25 V

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