The lungs, bronchi, and trachea seem to be cross-sectioned in the photo (windpipe). The respiratory system supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular activity. The trachea transports air from the nose and mouth to the bronchi, which go to the lungs. The lungs exchange gases with the environment via breathing.
What is the respiratory system?Generally, The picture appears to show a cross-section of the human respiratory system, including the lungs, bronchi, and trachea (windpipe). The respiratory system is responsible for bringing oxygen into the body and removing carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular metabolism.
The trachea is a tube that carries air from the nose and mouth to the bronchi, which are smaller tubes that branch off from the trachea and lead to the lungs.
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system and are responsible for exchanging gases with the environment through the process of breathing.
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A student performs four trials of an investigation to determine the boiling point of water. How should the student handle the results?(1 point).
The student should take the average of the results from all four trials to obtain the highest level of accuracy.
What is precision?Chemistry's definition of accuracy is how closely a measurement resembles the actual value.
Three categories of accuracy exist:
1) Point accuracy signifies that accuracy is present only at that scale point.
It provides no details regarding the instrument's accuracy.
2)Percentage of true value - The accuracy is assessed by identifying the instrument's accuracy and contrasting it with the true value that was measured.
3)Percentage of scale range – The accuracy is what determines the measurement's accuracy.
Up to 0.5 percent of instrument accuracy is disregarded. By taking multiple measurements and accounting for human error, measurement accuracy can be improved.
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A random sample of carbon contains two isotopes: C-12 and C-13 with masses of 12.00 amu (5.00 %) and 12.99 amu (95.00 %) respectively. Determine the average atomic mass of this carbon sample and explain if your sample was a good representation of earth’s natural isotope abundance of carbon
If the half-life of a radioactive element is 18 days, what percentage of the original sample would be left after 108 days?.
1.56% would be the percentage of the original sample would be left after 108 days.
What is a radioactive element?
Radioactive elements are composed of atoms with unstable nuclei and emit atomic radiation as part of the stabilization process. Emission of radiation transforms radioactive atoms into different chemical elements. This chemical element is either stable or highly radioactive, so it decays further. Since some elements in nuclei are unstable due to the presence of excess nuclear charge, these nuclei undergo radioactive decay to form stable nuclei. These elements are called radioactive elements.
The nuclear stability of the elements can be calculated from the n/p (neutron-proton ratio). Elements with atomic numbers up to Z=20 are stable and contain the same number of protons and neutrons. As the atomic number increases, the repulsion between protons increases, requiring more protons and neutrons. Therefore, the neutron-to-proton ratio of stable nuclei increases with increasing atomic number.
Therefore, 1.56% would be the percentage of the original sample would be left after 108 days.
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if your isolated product has succinimide present, what key feature should be present in the ir spectrum of your product?
If our product includes succinimide, the IR spectra should show a prominent peak at around 1700 cm-1, suggesting an incomplete reaction.
What function does succinimide serve?There are several applications for these chemicals. The succinimides ethosuximide, phensuximide, and methsuximide are among the medications used as anticonvulsants. Succinimides are also utilized in a number of test procedures to create covalent connections between peptides or protein chains and polymers.
What is the Succinimides' mode of action?Succinimides inhibit voltage-dependent calcium leakage in thalamic neurons via acting on calcium T channels. Either the gastrointestinal system (vomiting, nausea, and abdominal discomfort) or the central nervous system are ethosuximide's side effects (lethargy, dizziness, and ataxia).
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a current of 0.450 a passed for 20.0 min through a cuso4 solution. calculate the amount of copper deposited.
The amount of copper deposited is 0.1778 grams.
The electrolysis reaction for CuSO₄ solution
Cathode : Cu⁺² + 2e → CuAnode : 2H₂O → 4H⁺ + 4e + O₂Copper deposits will occur at the cathode. According to Faraday's law the number of moles of an electron
ne = It ÷ 96,500
I = the magnitude of the current (Ampere)t = the interval time (s) t = 20 min = 20 × 60 = 1,200 sne = the number of moles for electronne = (0.450 × 1,200) ÷ 96,500
ne = 540 ÷ 96,500
ne = 5.6 × 10⁻³ mol
The ratio of the coefficients of each element is equal to the ratio of the number of moles.
ne : n Cu = 2 : 1
n Cu = ne ÷ 2
n Cu = (5.6 × 10⁻³) ÷ 2
n Cu = 2.8 × 10⁻³ mol
Calculate the amount of copper
The molar mass for copper = 63.5
m = n × molar mass
m = 2.8 × 10⁻³ × 63.5
m = 0.1778 grams
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How many grams of Ag2S2O3 form
when 125.0 g AgBr reacts completely
according to the reaction below?
2AgBr + Na2S2O3 → Ag2S2O3 + 2NaBr
Ag2S2O3: 327.74 g/mol
AgBr: 187.70 g/mol
[ ? ] g Ag₂S2O3
A) Molar mass of AgBr,
MM = 1*MM(Ag) + 1*MM(Br)
= 1*107.9 + 1*79.9
= 187.8 g/mol
mass of AgBr = 0.45 g
mol of AgBr = (mass)/(molar mass)
= 0.45/1.878*10^2
= 2.396*10^-3 mol
B) According to balanced equation,
mol of Na2S2O3 formed = (2/1)* moles of AgBr
= (2/1)*2.396*10^-3
= 4.792*10^-3 mol
Answer: 4.79*10^-3 mol
B) Using: number of mol = M(Na2S2O3)*V(Na2S2O3)
4.792*10^-3 mol = 0.02 M * V
V = 0.240 L
V = 240 mL
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Answer:
Explanation:
it's 109.13 g Ag2S2O3 . i have it when i was in school :)
# of protons , number of neutrons and # of electrons
Answer:
Explanation:
Nitrogen-15: 7electrons, 7protons, 8neutrons.
Nitrogen-20: 7electrons, 7protons, 13neutrons.
Sulphur-23: 16electrons, 16protons, 7neutrons.
Sulphur-25: 16electrons, 16protons, 9neutrons.
how many constitutionally isomeric ethers are there with a formula of c4h10o? multiple choice only one two three four
The isomeric ethers with a formula of C4H10O are three. Isomers do not share similar chemical or physical properties.
What are isomers?Isomers are compounds that have exactly the same number of atoms, that is, they have exactly the same empirical formula, but differ from each other by the arrangement of atoms. It is important to be able to recognize isomers because they have different chemical, physical and biological properties.
Structural isomers can be divided into : functional group isomers, chain isomers, and positional isomers.
In chemistry, isomers are molecules or polyatomic ions with identical molecular formulae but distinct arrangements of atoms in space.
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Which molecule contains a nonpolar covalent bond?
A) H2
B) NH3
C) H₂O
D) CO
Abbreviations along with the explanation are shown. Which set used in chemical equations is correct?
O (g). grams
O (aq), dissolved in water
O (1), liters
O, a gas is evolved
Answer:
B and D
Explanation:
Answer D, look like you're missing (g) which stands for gas
so answer B (which is aq) and answer D (which is g) are correct.
Grams and litters are not used in the chemical equations but used in calculation of the quantities of reactants and products.
calculate the molarity of a kcl solution prepared by dissolving 1.01 moles of kcl in 250. ml of water. calculate the molarity of a kcl solution prepared by dissolving 1.01 moles of kcl in 250. ml of water. 2.02 0.00404 0.248 4.04 none of the above
The molarity of the KCl solution is 4.04 moles/ litre
What is molarity?
Molarity (M), which is determined by dividing the solute's mass in moles by the volume of the solution in liters, is the most widely used unit to express solution concentration: liters of solution/moles of solute equals M. One liter of a solution with a 1.00 molar concentration (1.00 M) contains 1.00 moles of solute.
The amount of a substance in a specific volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). The number of moles of a solute per liter of a solution is known as molarity. The molar concentration of a solution is another name for molarity.
Molarity = no. of moles/ volume of solution
Volume of KCl solution given is 0.25 L
molarity = 1.01 / 0.25
molarity = 4.04 moles/ litre
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How has the discovery of DNA affected the classification of protists?
An atom Y ha atomic number 13. It loe 3 electron in order to be table. What i the proton number and electron number of the atom
(a)before it loe electron
(b) after loing electron
(ii) name the of ion formed by the atom when it loe three electron. Show by illutration
In the following question the number of protons and electrons before it
a)lose electron are proton number= 13 electron =13
b) after losing electrons proton number=10 electron =10
c)the type of ion it becomes is a cation as it has a positive charge on it
What is atomic number?
The number assigned to a chemical element according to its atomic number in the periodic system, which places the elements in ascending order of the number of protons in their nuclei.
In the first scenario before loses electrons the number of protons and electrons in the atom before loses electron is 13, as given atomic number is 13.In second scenario After it loses 3 electrons Number of elctrons in the atom is 10 and number of protons is 13, as protons are present in the nucleus.
Therefore the number of protons is same i.e. 13 within the atom and no. of electrons after losing 3 electrons is 10 and it becomes a cation.
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Why is it important to conduct multiple trials of an investigation to determine the melting point of ice?.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
So if you have a non-coated iron nail in water and the conditions do not change does it rust at the same rate every day. will the weight of the nail change in a constant pattern, for example, the weight of the nail to start would be 5.5 and the end weight would be 6.1 and it sits in the water for 5 days. would the nail gain all 0.6 grams of rust weight in a constant pattern of 0.1
Check the nails every day for the development of rust. Both the nails submerged in water should rust after three weeks, while the nail submerged in vinegar should rust after about one week.
What do you mean by Rust ?Rust is a similar coating created on a metal other than iron by corrosion. It is a reddish brittle coating that forms on iron especially when chemically attacked by damp air and is constituted primarily of hydrated ferric oxide.
Rust is a result of the reaction of iron with both air and water. Rust is a powder that forms from the oxygen in the air. Rusting is the process of rust creation. Rust is a reddish-orange flaky material. The metal surface is where rusting is more prone to happen because it is an oxidation process.
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You plan to use the water displacement method to determine if a ring is pure silver
The water displacement method is a set of measurements used to calculate the volume of an irregularly shaped object. These objects are commonly known as irregularly shaped solids.
What is water displacement method ?The displacement method (also known as the submersion or dunking method) can be used to accurately measure the volume of the human body and other irregularly shaped objects by measuring the volume of fluid displaced when the object is submerged.
Place your jewelry on a table or in your hand, and pour some white vinegar directly on the metal (a dropper can also be used). If the metal of the jewelry changes color, it is not pure gold; if it continues to shine, you have real gold in your hand.
Thus, The water displacement method is a set of measurements used to calculate the volume of an irregularly shaped object.
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Barium metal crystallizes in a body-centered cubic lattice (the Ba atoms are at the lattice points only). The unit cell edge length is 502 pm, and the density of the metal is 3. 50 g/cm3. Using this information, calculate Avogadro's number. [Hint: First calculate the volume (in cm3) occupied by 1 mole of Ba atoms in the unit cells. Next calculate the volume (in cm3) occupied by one Ba atom in the unit cell. Assume that 68% of the unit cell is occupied by Ba atoms. ]
The Avogadro' s number is 6.022×10²³
What is body centered cubic lattice?
The Bravis lattice of the same name serves as the basis for the BCC crystal structure, which has one atom per lattice point at each of the cube's four corners and in its centre. BCC's high proportion of nearest and next-nearest neighbours contributes to its tight proximity and excellent stability.
atomic mass of Ba = 137.327u
No. of atoms of Ba in a BCC unit cell = 2
Edge length of unit cell= 502pm =502ₓ10⁻¹⁰ cm
density =3.50g/cm³
ρ=ZM/N₀ₓV
3.50=2ₓ137.327/N₀ₓ(502ₓ10⁻¹⁰)³
=78.47257/1.265ₓ10⁻²²
N₀=6.02ₓ10²³
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If a package has 3 servings and one serving has 300 calories. How many calories are you eating if you eat the whole package?.
If you eat the whole package, you would be eating a total of 900 calories.
What is calorie?
Calories are a measure of energy. Two main meanings of "calorie" are frequently used due to historical factors. The amount of heat required to increase the temperature of one kilogramme of water by one degree Celsius was the original definition of the huge calorie, food calorie, as well as kilogramme calorie (or one kelvin). The amount of heat required to produce the same rise in one gramme of water was known as the small calorie or gramme calorie. As a result, 1000 small calories are equal to 1 large calorie. The term "calorie" and the symbol "cal" almost always refer to the large unit in food and nutrition science.
If you eat the whole package, you would be eating a total of 900 calories (3 servings x 300 calories per serving = 900 calories).
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calculate the gibbs energy of mixing (in j) when 0.50 mol c6h14 (hexane) is mixed with 2.00 mol c7h16 (heptane) at 298 k. treat the solution as ideal.
And at the end we will calculate enthalpy by expressing it from the following equation:ΔmixH=ΔmixG+TΔmixS=−3.43⋅103J+(298K)(11.5JK−1)=−3.43⋅103J+3.43⋅103J=0J/mol ΔmixH=ΔmixG+TΔmix S=−3.43⋅103J+(298K)(11.5JK−1)=−3.43⋅103J+3.43⋅103J=0J/mol
What is Delta G of mixing?ΔG is Gibbs free energy change. For an ideal solution. ΔHmix=0. ΔG<0 i.e., negative. ΔG=ΔH−TΔS.
How do you calculate enthalpy of mix?The molar enthalpy HA+ B of a mixture of A + B can be obtained by combining the molar excess enthalpy H E with the molar enthalpies H A and HB of its pure components: HA + B = XA HA + XB HB + H E, (1) where x denotes mole fraction.
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Gifblaar is a small south african shrub and one of the most poisonous plants known because it contains fluoroacetic acid (fch2cooh), which has a pkaof 2. 59.
The concentration of fluoroacetic acid in a solution is [tex]5.69*10^-^3M .[/tex]
What is dissociation of acids?
In an aqueous solution, an acid dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and anions. The molecules of a strong acid dissociate, resulting in a high concentration of H+.
It is calculated by:
Ka = [tex]\frac{[A^-][H^+]}{[H^+]}[/tex]
The dissociation of HCl is given as follows:
HCl ⇄ [tex]H^+[/tex] + [tex]Cl^-[/tex]
The concentration of H+ ion = 0.00275 M.
So,
pH = -log[tex][H^+][/tex]
pH = -log[tex][0.00275M][/tex]
pH = 2.56
According to question
pH of HCl = pH of fluoroacetic acid
The dissociation of fluoroacetic acid is given as follows:
[tex]FCH^2COOH[/tex] ⇄ [tex]FCH_2COO^-[/tex] + [tex]H^+[/tex]
Ka = [tex]\frac{[FCH^2COO^-][H^+]}{FCH^2COOH}[/tex]
pKa = -log [Ka]
2.59 = -log [Ka]
Ka = [tex]2.57*10^-^3[/tex]
According to ICE table:
[tex]FCH^2COOH[/tex] ⇄ [tex]FCH_2COO^-[/tex] + [tex]H^+[/tex]
I C 0 0
C -x +x +x
E C-x x x
According to the equation:
Ka = [tex]\frac{[FCH^2COO^-][H^+]}{FCH^2COOH}[/tex]
[tex]2.57*10^-^3[/tex] = [tex]\frac{x.x}{C-x}[/tex]
[tex]2.57*10^-^3[/tex] = [tex]\frac{x^2}{C-x}[/tex]
x = 0.00275M
[tex]2.57*10^-^3[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.00275^2}{C-0.00275}[/tex]
Solving for C,
C = 0.00569M or [tex]5.69*10^-^3M .[/tex]
The concentration of fluoroacetic acid in a solution is [tex]5.69*10^-^3M .[/tex]
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How many grams of PbSO4 would
be produced from the complete
reaction of 23.6 g PbO2?
Pb+ PbO2 + 2H2SO4
PbO2: 239.2 g/mol
PbSO4: 303.27 g/mol
→
2PbSO4 + 2H2O
{? ] g PbSO4
One mole or 239.2 g of PbO₂ or 239.2 g gives two moles or 606.5 of lead sulphate. Thus, 23.6 g of lead oxide will give 59.84 g of lead sulphate.
What is lead oxide?Lead oxide is an ionic compound formed by the ionic bonding between the transition metal lead and oxygen by losing two electrons from lead to oxygen. It reacts with sulphuric acid giving lead sulphate PbSO₄.
As per the given balanced reaction, one mole of lead oxide gives two moles of lead sulphate.
Molar mass of PbO₂ = 239.2 g/mol
Molar mass of PbSO₄ = 303.27 g/mol
2 moles of PbSO₄ = 2 × 303.27 = 606.54 g.
Thus, 239.2 g of lead oxide gives 606.54 g of PbSO₄. The mass of PbSO₄ produced from 23.6 g of lead oxide is:
= (23.6 × 606 .54 )/ 239.2 g
= 59.84 g.
Therefore, the mass of PbSO₄ produced from 23.6 g of PbO2 is 59.84 g.
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what is the mass of 0.257 mol of calcium nitrate?
Answer: 42.14 g
Explanation: calcium nitrate - [tex]Ca(NO_{3} )_{2}[/tex]
, the molar mass of calcium nitrate = 164 g
formula used = [tex]given mass/molar mass[/tex]= no of molesmass required =[tex]0.257*164[/tex]
=[tex]42.14[/tex] g
Which is least likely to get reduced
URGENT
Cu2+
Zn2+
Fe3+
Fe2+
The electropositive ion that is least likely to get reduced is Zn²⁺ (option B).
What is electropositivity?Electropositivity in chemistry is tendency of an element to release electrons to form a chemical bond or positively charged cations.
Electropositivity is primarily exhibited by metallic elements, especially the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals.
Electropositivity is the opposite of electronegativity, which is a measure of the tendency of an atom to gain electrons and form negatively charged anions. Therefore, highly electropositive elements have very low electronegativities and vice versa.
Based on the cations given in this question, zinc (Zn²⁺) is the most electropositive, hence, has the least tendency to be reduced i.e. gain electrons.
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how do intermolecular and intramolecular forces interact when dissolving solutes in water
Answer:
Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule. Intermolecular forces are forces that exist between molecules.The stronger the intermolecular forces between solute molecule and solvent molecule, the greater the solubility of the solute in the solvent.
Intermolecular and intramolecular forces determine the solubility of solutes in water. As the polar solute dissolves in a polar solvent and nonpolar dissolves in nonpolar.
What are intermolecular forces?Intermolecular forces can be defined as the attractive forces and repulsive forces that develop between the molecules of a substance. These forces decide most of the chemical properties and physical properties of matter. The intermolecular forces between the molecules are known as Vander Waals forces.
Forces between the molecules themselves are known as intermolecular forces. The particles are held together by intermolecular forces while forces present within one molecule are known as intramolecular forces.
The intermolecular forces can be described as Dipole-Dipole Interactions, Ion-Dipole, Ion-Induced Dipole, Dipole-Induced Dipole Interactions, and Dispersion Forces.
Polar solute shows attractive intermolecular forces for polar solvents while nonpolar solute dissolves in nonpolar solvents. Intermolecular forces help dissolving solutes in water.
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waghorne, w.e.; rous, a.j. determination of the relative atomic masses of metals by liberation of molecular hydrogen. j. chem. ed. 2009, 86, 350-351.
The relative atomic mass of the element is the average value of the hydrogen atom is 1.008 amu.
The mass of the one is the atomic mass. one amu is given as:
1 amu = 1.661 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
the hydrogen atom has the mass of = 1.6736 × 10⁻²⁴ g
The mass of the one twelfth carbon atom is given as :
= 1.661 × 10⁻²⁴ g
the relative atomic mass is given as follows :
Relative atomic mass = mass of the hydrogen atom/mass of 1/12 carbon atom
relative atomic mass = 1.6736 × 10⁻²⁴ g / 1.661 × 10⁻²⁴ g
Relative atomic mass = 1.008 amu
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calculate the phph of a solution in which one normal adult dose of aspirin (640 mgmg ) is dissolved in 6.0 ounces of water.
The pH of the solution in which one normal adult dose aspirin is dissolved is 2.6 .
Given,
mass of aspirin = 640 mg = 0.640 g
volume of water = 6 ounces = 6 × 0.0295735 L = 0.177441 L
molar mass of aspirin = 180.16 g/mol
moles of aspirin = mass / molar mass = 0.00355 mol
The pH of the solution is as follows,
concentration of aspirin = moles of Aspirin / volume of water
= 0.00355 / 0.177441
= 0.021 M
Given that pKa of Aspirin = 3.5
pKa = -logKa
Therefore, Ka = 3.162 × 10⁻⁴
From the Ice table
3.162 × 10⁻⁴ = [x + H⁺]/[aspirin] = [x²]/[0.021 - x]
Given that the value of Ka is small so we will ignore -x
x² = 3.162 × 10⁻⁴ × 0.021
x = 2.576 × 10⁻³
Therefore,
[ H⁺ ] = 2.576 × 10⁻³
given that
pH = - Log [ H⁺ ]
= - ( -3 + log 2.576 )
= 2.58 ≈ 2.6
Hence we can conclude that The pH of the solution in which one normal adult dose aspirin is dissolved is 2.6 .
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How many isomers have a dichlorocyclobutane ?
Answer:
The three isomers of trans-1, 2-dichlorocyclobutane are as follows: The stereoisomers are those compound which differs in configuration. The stereoisomer of trans-1, 2-dichlorocyclobutane is cis-1, 2-dichlorocyclobutane.
(Atomic mae ued are C = 12. 0 g mol–1, O = 16. 0 g mol–1, H = 1. 01 g mol–1, Cu = 63. 5 g mol–1,)
1. How many mole are there in 5. 0 g of methanol (CH3OH)?
2. How many molecule of CuCO3 would weigh 9. 0 g?
3. How many mole would 3. 0 g of cyclohexane (C6H12) contain?
4. How much would 4. 00 mole of benzene weigh?
5. What i the ma of 1000 atom of calcium?
1) Mole are there in 5. 0 g of methanol is 0.147 mol.
2) molecule of CuCO₃ would weigh 9. 0 g
3) mole would 3. 0 g of cyclohexane is 0.035 mol
4) 4. 00 mole of benzene weigh is 312.44 g
5) mass of 1000 atom of calcium is 40000 u.
1) Moles are there in 5. 0 g of methanol is CH₃OH :
molar mass of CH₃OH = 34 g / mol
moles of CH₃OH = mass / molar mass
= 5 / 34
= 0.147 mol
2) moles of CuCO₃ = mass / molar mass
= 9 / 123.55
= 0.0728 mol
molecules of CuCO₃ = 6.022 × 10²³ × 0.0728
= 0.438 × 10²³ molecules
3) Mole would 3. 0 g of cyclohexane (C₆H₁₂) :
moles of C₆H₁₂ = mass / molar mass
= 3 / 84.16
= 0.035 mol
4) 4. 00 mole of benzene weigh :
moles = mass / molar mass
mass = moles × molar mass
mass = 4 × 78.11
mass = 312.44 g
5) mass of 1000 atom of calcium :
mass of 1 calcium atom = 40 u
maa of 1000 atom = 40000 u.
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What happens to the other ions that are not attracted to the electrodes?
Ions can be made by single element or covalently bonded group of elements. The covalently bonded group of elements is called polyatomic ions or polyatomic atoms. Therefore, the other ions that are not attracted to the electrodes form salt.
What is Ions?Any species that contain charge whether it is positive charge or negative charge is called ions. The example of polyatomic ions are sulfate, phosphate, nitrate etc.
Cation is the species that loose electron and attain positive charge while anion is a species which gain electron and attains negative charge so when anion and cation combine in fixed ration the the overall charge of the molecule is zero that is molecule is neutral, the charge over cation and anion is also called oxidation state.
Positive ions are attracted towards negative electrode and negative ions are attracted toward positive electrodes. the ions which are not attracted to either of the electrode, these form salt with the other ion remaining in the electrolyte.
Therefore, the other ions that are not attracted to the electrodes form salt.
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what is the name of the compound below? multiple choice trans-3-bromocyclohexanecarboxylic acid cis-3-bromocyclohexanecarboxylic acid trans-5-bromocyclohexanecarboxylic acid cis-5-bromocyclohexanecarboxylic acid
The compound is called cis-3-bromocyclohexanecarboxylic acid. Out of the available possibilities, this is the best decision.
What is a carboxylic acid?The most significant functional group in C=O is the carboxylic acids. Some carboxylic acids, such citric acid, lactic acid, or fumaric acid, are produced through fermentation; the majority of these types of carboxylic acids are used in the food sector. This class of organic molecules can be obtained through several methods.
The significance of carboxylic acids in organic chemistry?Carboxylic acids play a significant role in organic chemistry and are used to create a variety of derivatives, including esters, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, amides, etc. They are organic substances with one or more carboxyl groups in the molecules of their molecules.
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