The hyperalgesia that is common in phantom limb pain could potentially be blocked if a new drug was developed that could prevent (without triggering any side effects) option(b) i.e, the diffusion of calcium ions through NMDA receptors.
What is hyperalgesia?Heightened pain perception and a strong emotional reaction to it. When the nerves or the chemical makeup of the nerve pathways involved in pain perception are damaged, hyperalgesia may result.
An illustration would be if someone had elbow surgery and the discomfort gradually got worse rather than better.
Your body's particular nerve receptors are becoming more sensitive, which is the reason for this. As a result of a surgery or procedure, tissue or nerve injury may result in hyperalgesia. Additionally, it can happen to persons who are using opioids.
Drugs known as NMDA receptor antagonists block your pain receptors, inhibit your pain response, and lessen your pain. NMDA receptor antagonists like ketamine and methadone are frequently used for treating hyperalgesia include ketamine and methadone.
When the brain's glutamate concentration rises, too much calcium is released, which can harm the nerve cells. NMDA antagonists bind to NMDA receptors and stop glutamate from binding, which stops calcium from entering the nerve cells.
The complete question is:
The hyperalgesia that is common in phantom limb pain could potentially be blocked if a new drug was developed that could prevent (without triggering any side-effects) the ______.
a) binding of enkephalins to NMDA receptors
b) diffusion of calcium ions through NMDA receptors
c) release of enkephalins diffusion of enkephalins
d) across synaptic clefts
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which initial outcome criterion would be appropiate for a client who is a polysubstance abuser and is mandated to seek drug
First initial outcome criterion that would be appropriate for a client who is a polysubstance abuser is that he acknowledges the existence of a problem with substance abuse.
First, the client must admit that a drug addiction problem exists and is causing turmoil; by verbalizing the problem, the client demonstrates that they are not in denial and are beginning the process of transformation.
Once a problem is diagnosed, it is possible to explore the many ways that drug use has affected the client's life and the problems with lifestyle that have resulted, and the nurse can assist the client in expressing and processing their negative emotions.
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A client is preparing to leave the clinic after her first prenatal visit. What is important for the woman to do before she leaves the office
Make a follow-up appointment is important for the woman to do before she leaves the office.
What about prenatal visit?Pregnancy and prenatal care may educate women about critical actions they can take to safeguard their unborn child and ensure a healthy pregnancy, which can help prevent difficulties. Regular prenatal care helps women: Lower their risk of difficulties throughout pregnancy.Prenatal treatment should involve healthy eating and lifestyle choices both before and during pregnancy.Prenatal care lessens pregnancy complications and avoids issues with delivery.Learn crucial information about physical changes that could endanger the pregnancy or health from routine prenatal care.Learn more about pregnancy here:
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How many extra reps should you be able to perform with perfect technique before increasing the weight for a particular strength training exercise
5 - 8 reps should you be able to perform with perfect technique before increasing the weight for a particular strength training exercise.
What is reps and strength training exercise?Reps, or repetitions as they are sometimes called, are the actions of one full strength training exercise, such as one biceps curl.In between rest times, you perform sets of a certain number of reps.For muscle hypertrophy (increased growth), the American College of Sports Medicine advises 4 to 6 repetitions with greater weight, 8 to 12 repetitions for muscle strength, and 10 to 15 repetitions for muscle endurance.The National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) claims that performing 2 to 6 sets of 6 or less reps (with 2 to 5 minutes of rest in between) or performing 1 to 3 sets of 8 or fewer reps are the optimal reps and sets for strength (with roughly 90 seconds to 2 minutes of rest in between).Learn more about weight here:
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Sun exposure and tanning booths - Is there harm when repeatedly exposed to UV rays of the sun or artificial UV rays? What are ways that we can protect our skin from being exposed to UV rays? What diseases can result from exposure to the sun or tanning booths?
UV rays can cause serious health damage, such as premature aging, skin cancer, eye problems and even changes in the immune system. UVB rays are responsible for skin burns, that is, for those red and burning spots that appear when we go to the beach without sunscreen.
Is there damage when repeatedly exposed to the sun's UV rays or artificial UV rays?Yes, they can cause skin burns and even cancer.
What are ways to protect our skin from UV exposure?Sun cream with UV protection and clothing with anti UV technology
What diseases can result from exposure to the sun or tanning booths?premature aging, skin cancer, eye problems and even changes in the immune system.
With this information, we can conclude that UVB rays penetrate the skin superficially, causing redness and a burning sensation. UVA rays are responsible for premature skin aging and can also cause cancer.
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Healthy individuals who are not in periods of growth or recovering from an illness or injury need to consume protein in an amount that is ______ the amount lost in urine, feces, sweat, skin cells, hair, and nails.
Healthy individuals who are not in periods of growth or recovering from an illness or injury need to consume protein in an amount that is equal to the amount lost in the urine, feces, sweat, skin cells, hair, and nails.
A lack of protein can make you lose muscle groups, which in turn cuts your power, makes it more difficult to preserve your balance, and slows your metabolism. it is able to additionally result in anemia, whilst your cells do not get sufficient oxygen, which makes you tired.
Someone is stated to be in nitrogen balance when the nitrogen input equals the amount of nitrogen used and excrete. someone is in negative nitrogen balance whilst the amount of excreted nitrogen is extra than that eaten up, which means that the body is breaking down extra protein to fulfill its needs.
A story review of the studies and smaller research has recommended better protein intakes between 2.2 to a few. Four grams/kg (1 to 1.5 grams consistent with a pound of frame weight) for the duration of a massive calorie surplus (to promote weight advantage) outcomes in decreased profits in body fat promoting extra muscle average (14,15).
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Which vitamin is most difficult to obtain from natural dietary sources, although it may be found in several fortified foods
Erin is pregnant with her second child and she is currently 37 weeks pregnant. What could you tell her about the current brain development of her developing baby
At 37 weeks pregnancy the brain of the baby is fully developed and is almost ready to be delivered.
If Erin is having a second child, labor will probably be shorter. It is especially likely that contractions will start off weaker and accelerate in strength during the early stages (latent labor).When this occurs, Erin will might feel more at ease and your lower abdomen will undoubtedly feel greater pressure. Hearing, smell, and touch senses have developed and are usable.Deep grooves form in the cerebrum and the brain triples in size, providing extra surface area for neurons. Along some neuronal connections, myelin begins to form.learn more about pregnancy here: https://brainly.com/question/15047039
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2. Myoclonus is best treated by:
According to the ASCM guidelines if you are just getting back in to muscular fitness the recommendation is for you to participate in _________.
According to the ASCM guidelines if you are just getting back in to muscular fitness the recommendation is for you to participate in 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week.
The American College of Sports Medicine (ASCM) has several recommendations:
All healthy individuals between the ages of 18 and 65 should exercise for at least 30 minutes, five days a week, at a moderate level, or for at least 20 minutes, three days a week, at a vigorous intensity.According to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), a strength training program should be done at least twice a week on different days, with one set of 8 to 12 repetitions for adults in good health and 10 to 15 repetitions for elderly and weak people.Start out slowly and progressively up the difficulty of your workouts.Never do two days of strength training on the same body part.Always keep the right form and technique.Maintaining appropriate form should be challenging for the final few repetitions.learn more about ASCM guidelines here: https://brainly.com/question/9640515
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Impaired____
activity may be a major cause of erectile dysfunction.
A: dopamine
B. Acetylcholine
c. glutamate
D. nitric oxide
Answer:
dopamine
Explanation:
CH E6 has broader requirements than FDA or HHS concerning confidentiality of medical records and access by third parties. If investigators are complying with ICH E6 guideline, they must:
If investigators are complying with ICH E6 guideline, they must: Clearly disclose to subjects in the informed consent form that the monitor, auditor, IRB/IEC, and the regulatory authorities may have access to the subject's medical records.
What are ICH E6 guidelines?
In order to discuss and produce ICH recommendations, the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) brings together regulatory agencies and the pharmaceutical sector. Beyond the membership and regional representation of ICH itself, the ICH E6 Good Clinical Practice (GCP) Guideline is extensively used by clinical trial researchers and has a substantial effect on trial participants and patients.
The ICH E6 guidelines do not have the force of law in the U.S. and are not regulations.
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How do nutrition experts come to a consensus in order to formulate health promoting guidelines to the public
To put dietary recommendations into practice, it is made up of nutritionists who operate in many contexts, such as state and local health agencies, community nutrition programs, policy and advocacy organizations, educational institutions at all levels, and research facilities.
How do nutritionist formulate health promoting guidelines to public?
Traditional education programs need to be updated in order to better the knowledge of nutrition specialists and their abilities to instruct a wide range of audiences to base their eating habits on dietary guidelines.
For instance, in addition to emphasizing the scientific foundation of the recommendations, courses must also highlight the social and behavioral components of promoting dietary changes. Curriculums should also include pertinent information from the agriculture and food sciences. This necessitates a careful balance. The practical aspects of nutrition and dietary change may be overlooked if the scientific underpinnings are given too much weight.
The rising body of research on diet has to be incorporated into programs by public health and other community-based nutrition specialists that actively promote health among target populations. Increase the degree of understanding of food, nutrition, and the connections between diet and health among all medical professionals. Establish a distinct program with ultimate responsibility for planning and developing a research and education agenda in human nutrition within the faculty of each health-care professional school. Create a program at the Public Health Service to aid in faculty members' nutrition education. For each of the accredited graduate programs in the healthcare professions, the objective should be to have at least one nutrition faculty member per health-care professional school.
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The most effective and least expensive treatment of puerperal infection is prevention. What is important in this strategy?
The important strategy to prevent puerperal infection include Strict aseptic technique which includes hand washing by all health care personnel involved.
What is puerperal infection?A puerperal infection occurs when bacteria infect the uterus and surrounding areas after a woman gives birth.Also known as a postpartum infectionAbout 10% of pregnancy related deaths are caused by these infections.It is caused due to trauma to the abdominal wall, genital and urinary tracts during childbirth or abortion.This trauma allows bacteria to enter normally sterile environments of genital tract.The most common puerperal infection is endometritis (inflammation of the uterine lining).Learn about bacterial infections here:
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A researcher wants to study quality of sleep. She looks at the prior literature to identify an existing questionnaire that other researchers have developed and used to measure sleep quality. The questionnaire would be an example of which term?
The questionnaire would be an example of a consent term for scientific research.
What is a consent form?The Free and Informed Consent Term (ICF) is the document that, in addition to explaining the details of the research
justificationobjectivesproceduresdiscomfortsrisksbenefits and allocation groups, among other aspectsmust inform and ensure the rights of the participants.
With this information, we can conclude that the questionnaire would be an example of a consent term for scientific research.
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Should a professional athlete be more concerned if they break a bone, or tear a muscle? Would it depend on the affected bone/muscle? Why or why not?
The medical assistant applies pressure to the venipuncture site using gauze. After two minutes the medical assistant observes that bleeding has not stopped. The next appropriate action would be to
To elevate the arm while applying pressure would be the next appropriate action.
What is venipuncture?A process when blood is drawn from a vein using a needle, typically for laboratory examination. Venipuncture can also be used to treat some blood diseases by removing extra red blood cells from the blood.
The median cubital and cephalic veins are commonly used for venipuncture. The vein is punctured with a needle. The blood gathers into a tube or vial that is linked to the needle and is sealed. You take off the elastic band from your arm. After removing the needle, the area is bandaged to halt the bleeding. Pressure should be applied to a venipuncture site for at least 5 minutes.
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A 7-year-old patient goes into sudden cardiac arrest. You initiate cpr and correctly perform chest compressions at which rate?.
Answer:
100 to 120 per minute.
Explanation:
.
which type of rehabilitation is an essential component to a client's recovery from guillain barre
Maintaining patient function as the nervous system heals is the most important aspect of GBS treatment.
What is Guillain-Barré syndrome rehabilitation?The most frequent cause of acute neuromuscular paralysis in industrialized nations is Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). GBS accounts for at least 1,000 new cases of long-term impairment annually in the United States, and more internationally. It is likely that at least 25,000 and possibly 50,000 people in the US are still dealing with the aftereffects of GBS, given the young age at which it can occasionally arise and the generally long life expectancies following GBS. Inpatient rehabilitation is necessary for about 40% of GBS patients who are admitted to hospitals. The requirement of prior ventilator support most substantially predicts an extended duration of stay in inpatient rehabilitation for GBS patients who require admission to the facility. Dysautonomia and cranial nerve disorders are additional problems that impede rehabilitation.
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Scenario: The patient questions the accuracy of the glucose readings obtained using their glucometer. The medical assistant requests that the patient bring their glucometer to the office so the results can be compared with the glucometer used by the clinic. Also that the medical assistant demonstrates the use of a control on the patients device.
The medical assistant should reassure the patient of the accuracy of the glucometer readings by speaking kindly and repeating testing with a control.
What is the best way for the medical assistant to help the patient?A medical assistant seeking to assist a patient should treat the patient in a respectful and kind.
Given a scenario where a patient doubts the accuracy of the glucose reading from the glucometer. The medical assistant should respectfully demonstrate to the patient when he brings his own glucometer how to use the glucometer.
The medical assistant should also use a control on both glucometers to demonstrate the accuracy of the readings.
In conclusion, treating the patient in a kind and respectful will reassure and convince the patient.
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It would be appropriate as you increase the time of an exercise to decrease the _____________ of that exercise.
It would be appropriate as we increase the time of an exercise to decrease the number of sets of that exercise because duration is more important for effective exercise.
How to make exercise more effective?We should increase the difficulty and duration of an exercise to make it more effective because it produces overload. As an individual exercises at a higher level, the body adapts to the increased demand and this higher level leads to new form of your body.
So we can conclude that it would be appropriate as we increase the time of an exercise to decrease the number of sets of that exercise because duration is more important for effective exercise.
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What type of exercise is ideal for a client who is new to strength training and learning new movement patterns? High-intensity interval training (HIIT) Plyometrics 1RM testing Bodyweight exercises
According to the research, bodyweight exercises are ideal for a client who is new to strength training and learning new movement patterns.
What are bodyweight exercises?They are those exercises that when executed use the bodyweight to gain muscle mass and improve your body strength.
It's considered when starting strength training and includes basic squats, lunges, balance with one leg among others.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, bodyweight exercises are ideal for a client who is new to strength training and learning new movement patterns.
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Monica is an agent focused on serving seniors eligible for Medicare. As she reviews her records, she is trying to determine which of the following items are considered compensation. What do you tell her?
She reviews her records and she is trying to determine the items considered as compensation:
I. Commissions
II. Bonuses
IV. Referral fees
What is medicare?Medicade and medicare are the health insurance program started by the U.S. federal government.
People over the age of 65 are covered under this plan. The younger people with the certain disease condition are also eligible for this program.
Thus, I, II, and IV only Correct options.
I. Commissions
II. Bonuses
III. Mileage reimbursement
IV. Referral fees
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A 25lb child was ordered for Tylenol 115mg PO every 4 hour hours as needed for pain. Is this a safe dose (standard is 10-15/kg/dose)
A 25lb child was ordered for Tylenol 115mg PO every 4 hour hours as needed for pain. Yes, this dose is absolutely safe for the child.
Tylenol: This is the marketing name for acetaminophen which is drug used with different dosage from children to adults. It is used to treat mild-to-moderate pain, headache, colds and sore throats and fever.
A child who is 25lb will be around 11kgs in weight. According to standard dosage administration of acetaminophen 160mg of drug can be administered to the kinds of age 2-3 years who are around 25lb in weight. Thus, the given dosage is absolutely correct.
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which is the purpose of encouraging active leg and foot excercises for a client who has had hip surgery
Encouraging active leg and foot exercises for a client who has had hip surgery helps increase muscle flexibility and strength, which helps protect joints and it promotes healing by increasing blood flow.
hope this helps :)
Answer:
To increase blood flow throughout your legs, which will decrease swelling and help with recovery.
In e. Coli, if rna polymerase is missing ________, then transcription initiation would not occur at the appropriate initiation sites.
In E. coli if RNA polymerase is missing the sigma factor, then transcription initiation would not occur at the appropriate initiation sites.
What is a sigma factor?Transcription is a process in which a copy of the DNA is made in the form of mRNA. The sigma factor is a very important molecule that is required for the proper functioning of the transcription process. E. coli, which is a prokaryote, needs the sigma factor to allow the RNA polymerase to bind to the DNA molecule to start the transcription process. Once the sigma factor binds to the RNA polymerase molecule, it can recognize the promoter region of the transcription unit and starts reading the DNA strand to synthesize the mRNA strand.
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A doctor wants to estimate the mean hdl cholesterol of all 20- to 29-year-old females. How many subjects are needed to estimate the mean hdl cholesterol within points with confidence assuming based on earlier studies? suppose the doctor would be content with confidence. How does the decrease in confidence affect the sample size required?.
The sample size required is a minimum of 30 participants.
What is the ideal number of participants?Whenever the study sample size is very restricted (<30 measurements), the analysis of subgroups is difficult and the performance of statistical tests is compromised. However, additional care must be taken with sample oversizing, which commonly occurs when accessing large computerized databases. The increase in the sample reduces the confidence intervals of the estimates and allows the detection of differences between subgroups that, despite being statistically significant, are not clinically relevant.
With this information, we can conclude that The sample size required is a minimum of 30 participants.
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You are assessing a 28-year-old patient and you notice he has pinpoint pupils. You suspect a drug overdose. What drug is the likely cause of this phenomenon?
According to the research, heroin drug is the likely cause of this phenomenon of pinpoint pupils in the 28-year-old patient.
What is heroin?It is an opioid with narcotic properties (generates drowsiness and modifies sensitivity) and sedatives.
The effect of heroin is very intense and fast, causing a depression of the central nervous system and can cause pinpoint pupils.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, heroin drug is the likely cause of this phenomenon of pinpoint pupils in the 28-year-old patient.
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Mrs. Higgins believes that aliens from another planet have removed her stomach and are watching her to see how long it takes her to grow another one. Mrs. Higgins is most likely suffering from.
Answer:
Schizophrenia or Cotard delusion.
Explanation:
It could be 'schizophrenia' or 'Cotard delusion'. Since Mrs. Higgins is having illusions, it's probably related to schizophrenia. Cotard delusion is also another possibility, as it includes the person believing that their loss of limbs is reality.
Hope you have an amazing dayOne of the following structures that does not pass
under the inferior extensor retinaculum of the
foot is:
A. Deep peroneal nerve
B. Tibialis anterior
C. Extensor hallucis longus
D. Anterior tibial artery
E. Superficial peroneal nerve
One of the following structures that do not pass under the inferior extensor retinaculum of the foot is The tibialis anterior. Option B. This is further explained below.
What is the Tibialis anterior.?Generally, The tibialis anterior muscle, which may also be referred to as the tibialis anticus muscle, is the biggest of the four muscles that are located in the anterior compartment of the leg.
In conclusion, The tibialis anterior tendon (TAT) inserts distally on the medial edge of the foot. Its large muscular belly originates from its proximal connection at the lateral tibia.
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When providing care for a toddler with hemophilia who is being prepped for an elective procedure, which nursing action is priority
When providing care for a toddler with hemophilia who is being prepped for an elective procedure, the nursing action which is a priority is to ensure that all the side bed trails are padded.
Hemophilia: It is a severe medical condition in which the individual loses the ability to clot the blood due to which even a minor cut results in severe bleeding circumstances. The condition is typically caused by a hereditary lack of a coagulation factor, most often factor VIII.
Elective procedure: This is the broad term used for the surgical process related to any diseased condition which is scheduled to provide a better quality of life.
Now, a nurse taking care of a toddler with hemophilia should ensure that she will not expose the child to any sharp or fragile or kind of object or situation resulting in even a small scratch on the toddler's body because even a small cut can lead to severe bleeding and blood loss will not be favorable just before the surgery.
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