The enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) normally resides in the cytosol, and it can be imported into mitochondria by appending a mitochondrial signal sequence. However, when this modified DHFR is incubated with methotrexate, which is a substrate analog that binds tightly to the active site, the modified DHFR is no longer imported. Propose an explanation for this finding.

Required:
a. Consider a transmembrane protein that spans the inner nuclear membrane. Suggest a pathway by which such a protein could reach its destination.
b. Clathrin can assemble with multiple types of adaptors to create coated vesicles. Explain why this multiplicity of adaptors is useful to the cell

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Within the mitochondria, the import takes place post-translationally. The imported protein must be in an unfolded condition so that it can go through the mitochondria's import machinery. In the existence of methotrexate, the bound DHFR moiety remains in the folded state, and thus, stays on the surface of mitochondria.

It is witnessed that the presequence must be of the length of 55 amino acids to cover both the membranes of mitochondria and must be of about sixty amino acids length to associate with the mhsp70. If the presequence of this methotrexate bound DHFR is of seventy-five amino acids in length, it can associate with mhsp70 within the matrix, to initiate the ATP reliant import within the mitochondria. Due to the presence of various endocytic and intracellular sorting signals, multiple adaptors are essential.


Related Questions

Select the correct answer.
Which of the following is correct for the effect of linkage on recombination?

A. It increases the percentage of recombinants.
B. It results in 50% recombinants.
C. It reduces the percentage of recombinants.

Answers

Answer:

C. It reduces the percentage of recombinats

Explanation:

When linkage between two genes increases, the chance of these two crossing over is reduced, because linkage keeps these particular genes together, unlike crossing voer which will mix them up.

Select all of the following that are considered to be your senses.

Answers

Explanation:

traditional senses are taste, smell, sight, hear, and touch

Taste, smell, touch, hearing, and seeing are the senses

Although bipedalism is unusual, humans are not the only living bipeds. For example, some flightless birds are also bipedal. Identify a living nonprimate animal that is also a biped. Then, compare its bipedalism to our biped-alism.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Human and birds as the basis for comparison. Some birds walk and run with their backs and femurs tilting at small angles to the horizontal and with bent knees while most human walk uprightly with legs straight and this can be seen in the duty and task performed by man.

Humans exert on the ground while walking two-peaked pattern of force which makes some human work very fast but Birds do not exact two-peaked pattern of force.

Human walking for individual with same body mass is relatively economical of metabolic energy while Bipedal locomotion is economical for wading birds, it is expensive for geese and penguins.

Which of the following is NOT an
ecological effect of mining?
A. habitat disruption
B. loss of biodiversity
C. acid mine drainage
D. increased biodiversity

Answers

d is correct

..................

^_^

Read the following scenarios carefully and explain how natural selection will occur in each.

Some worms eat at night (meaning they are nocturnal) and some worms eat during the day (meaning they are diurnal). Most birds eat only during the day, so they are only eating diurnal worms, due to the fact that the nocturnal worms are burrowing during this time. Each spring when the worms reproduce, about 500 offspring are born but only 100 of them live long enough to reproduce themselves.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - Noctural worms have the advantage over diurnal due to the fact that the nocturnal worms are burrowing during the feeding time of birds.

Explanation:

Natural selection is the process in which organisms adapt according to environmental changes to increase their survival rate. Natural selection leads to natural changes in different organisms.

In this case, diurnal worms are forced by the natural selection here to adapt to the change if they want to survive. Here, natural selection works for the nocturnal and against the diurnal.

how does biodiversity depends on a species' ability to reproduce​

Answers

Answer:

When species reproduce, they go through evolution and natural selection which leads to new species. This tends to increase Biodiversity in an area.

Explanation:

Because species reproduce, they go through evolution and natural selection which eventually lead to new species. Which increases biodiversity in an area.



~Kaz~

What data did the purification stage produce? How did this data help identify the transforming substance? (SAVAAS Chapter 11.1 Identifying the Substance of the Gene)

Answers

Answer: The purification gave evidence of the identity of the transforming material, meaning that the possible transforming substance was narrowed down.

Explanation: Removing lipids and carbohydrates suggest that these are not the transforming materials and removing protein suggests that this is also not a transforming material.

Which of the following statements about scientific theories is incorrect? a.Theories are suggestions made by curious people, b.theories can change if new evidence arises, c. Theories are used to explain why natural phenomena occur, d. theories are bases on sets of hypotheses

Answers

Answer:

d. theories are bases on sets of hypotheses

A scientific theory is a theory based on suggestions. It can change with the new evidences. Theories explain natural phenomenon. Thus, correct option is D.

What is a Scientific theory?

A scientific theory is a model which explains the facts on the basis of observations and experimentation. A scientific theory can be proved by methods involving procedures, measurements, observations and evaluation of results. Scientific theory validates all the facts of nature and summarizes patterns found in nature.

Scientific theories are testable this means that new evidence should be compatible with a theory. If it is not then the theory is refined or rejected. A theory needs to be substantiated, explanatory, predictive, and testable.

A scientific theory is an explanation of some aspect based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed by observation and experiment.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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Before developing a forest management plan, the most important thing to know is the a. Soil b. Weather c. Wildlife d. All the above

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

got it in class kick

Are composed of polysaccharides or protein and act as antiphagocytosis
Select one:
O a. Capsules
Ob. Slime layer
O c. Glycocalyx
O d. S. layer​

Answers

Answer:

a. Capsules

Explanation:

Capsules are features of bacteria cell. A bacterial capsule is a structure made up of polysaccharides and proteins that functions to prevent pathogenic bacteria from getting engulfed (phagocytosid) by the immune system (white blood cell).

According to this question, capsules are bacteria structure that aid in antiphagocytosis of the bacteria. Gjj

A segment of a DNA molecule has the base sequence ATGAAC. Write a shorthand structure for this segment and for its complementary strand, using the symbols D for deoxyribose and P for phosphate.

Answers

Answer: See attached picture.

Explanation:

DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is the name for the molecule that contains the genetic information in all living things. This molecule consists of two strands that wind around each other to form a double helix structure.

The basic unit of nucleic acids are called nucleotides, which are organic molecules formed by the covalent bonding of a nucleoside (a pentose which is a type of sugar and a nitrogenous base) and a phosphate group. So each nucleotide is made up of a pentose sugar called deoxyribose, a nitrogenous base which can be adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) or guanine (G) and a phosphate group.

What distinguishes one polynucleotide from another is the nitrogenous base, and thus the sequence of DNA is specified by naming only the sequence of its bases. The sequential arrangement of these four bases along the chain is what encodes the genetic information, following the following criterion of complementarity: A-T and G-C. So the sequence of these bases along the chain is what encodes the instructions for forming proteins and RNA molecules. In living organisms, DNA occurs as a double strand of nucleotides, in which the two strands are linked together by connections called hydrogen bridges.

The chemical convention of naming the carbon atoms in the pentose nucleotide pentose numerically confers the names 5' end and 3' end ("five prime end" and "three prime end" respectively). The 5'-end designates the end of a DNA strand that coincides with the phosphate group of the fifth carbon of the respective terminal deoxyribose. A phosphate group attached to the 5'-end allows the ligation of two nucleotides; for example, the covalent bonding of the 5'-phosphate group to the 3'-hydroxyl group of another nucleotide, to form a phosphodiester bond.

Static electric charges are changes that________
1) Are produced by batteries.
2)Flow through wires.
3) Involve the transfer of protons between atoms.
4)Are stationary charges.

Answers

Answer:

jnnnjjjjhgghhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhbbbbbbb

Cardiogenic shock shock results when: The body loses an excessive amount of blood The body's blood vessels are dilated The left ventricle cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's demands Trauma results in temporary loss of the autonomic function of the spinal cord

Answers

Answer:

The left ventricle cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's demands

Explanation:

Cardiogenic shock is a problem that occurs when the heart cannot pump the adequate amount of blood to supply all organs. In this situation, the left ventricle, responsible for pumping oxygen-rich blood, cannot pump enough blood to tend the body's demands. This causes blood pressure to drop and oxygen in the tissues to be lacking. In addition, this situation can cause accumulation of fluid in the lungs. This is a very dangerous problem, being one of the main causes of myocardial infarction.

What is a climatic table?​

Answers

Answer:

A climate graph displays yearly temperature and precipitation statistics for a particular location. Temperature (oC) is measured using the numbers on the left hand side of the chart. The average temperature for each month is plotted on the graph with a red dot and the dots are then connected in a smooth, red line.

ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST why do some medications developed to work on viruses not work on a mutated form?

Answers

Answer: They adapt and become resistant

Explanation:

Just as many organisms adapt to survive the main goal of a virus is to also survive by mutating it’s becoming resistant to previous medicine

Hope this helps

what are blueprints that tell your body everything from your hair color to your inherited diseases

Answers

DNA fingerprinting is a chemical test that shows the genetic makeup of a person or other living things. It's used as evidence in courts, to identify bodies, track down blood relatives, and to look for cures for disease. Also to find people who have committed a crime

Answer:

DNA

Explanation:

The coloration of fishes is due to special cells called
Group of answer choices

chlorophyllcytes

pigmentacytes

chromatophores

coloration cells

Answers

Answer: chromatophores

Explanation:

The coloration of fishes is due to special cells called chromatophores. Chromatophores are referred to as the cells which produces color. They are seen in animals such as reptiles, fish,amphibians, and crustaceans.

On the other hand, mammals and birds, have a class of cells that is refered to as melanocytes for coloration. The main function of chromatophores is simply for camouflage.

Can someone tell me if I doing it correctly

Answers

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

you are

Answer: tongue should be 50 and no tongue should be 50

Explanation: the dominant trait (T) will over power any (t) recessive when put together so Tt would result in a tongue due to the dominant trait being present. With two recessive (tt) that is when the trait will shine through. So (Tt) is on the box twice making if 50% and the (tt) is the other 50%. If you have anymore questions please don’t be afraid to ask:)

Hope this helps

state the role of alcohol in this investigation​

Answers

you didn’t state the investigation we need to apply the role of the alcohol in

plss helpp!!! ill give brainlest

Answers

Answer:

Prophase is first, Metaphase is second, Anaphase is third, and Telophase is last

Explanation:

hope this helps

have a great day

Answer:

1. Prophase

2. Metaphase

3. Anaphase

4. Telophase

Does uranium release carbon dioxide when used in a nuclear to release energy?

Answers

Answer:

Nuclear power reactors do not produce direct carbon dioxide emissions. Unlike fossil fuel-fired power plants, nuclear reactors do not produce air pollution or carbon dioxide while operating. However, the processes for mining and refining uranium ore and making reactor fuel all require large amounts of energy

Explanation:

No! uranium doesn't release carbon dioxide when used in a nuclear to release energy.

True or False:

The cell membrane consists of ONE layer of phospholipids.

A. True
B. False​

Answers

Answer:  Hi there I think That I can help You!!!

The cell membrane contains a phospholipid bilayer, but the terms are not interchangeable. Part of the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, made of two layers of phospholipid molecules. However, the cell membrane also contains other macromolecules like membrane proteins, and carbohydrates.

Explanation: So the correct answer is TRUE! don't forget to ate 5 stars and give brainlist!

The statement "the cell membrane consists of one layer of phospholipids" is absolutely false.

What is a Cell membrane?

A Cell membrane may be defined as a type of biological membrane that significantly separates the interior components of the cells from the external environment. It also provides protection to the cell as well as other cell organelles.

A cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer. This illustrates that the two layers of phospholipid molecules are utilized in order to make an effective cell membrane.

It acts as selectively permeable in nature. The head or polar region of phospholipid is hydrophilic while the non-polar tail is hydrophobic in nature.

Therefore, the statement "the cell membrane consists of one layer of phospholipids" is absolutely false.

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Which of the following is an
ADVANTAGE of using natural gas for
energy?
A. can leak or spill during transport
B. burns cleaner than coal
C. unburned methane can escape to atmosphere
D. increased fracking leads to increased earthquakes

Answers

Answer:

B. Burns cleaner than coal

¿A qué se refiere la sexualidad libre de coerción y violencia?

Answers

Para las mujeres y las niñas, el derecho a controlar su propio cuerpo y su sexualidad sin ningún tipo de discriminación, coerción o violencia es fundamental para su empoderamiento. Sin derechos sexuales, no pueden realizar sus derechos a la autodeterminación y la autonomía, ni pueden controlar otros aspectos de sus vidas. De hecho, son los intentos de controlar la sexualidad de las mujeres y las niñas los que dan como resultado muchos de los abusos de los derechos humanos que enfrentan a diario, incluida la violencia de género, el matrimonio forzado, la mutilación genital femenina y limitaciones en su movilidad, vestimenta y educación. , empleo y participación en la vida pública. Lo mismo ocurre con las lesbianas, los hombres gay, las personas bisexuales, las personas transgénero, las trabajadoras sexuales y otras personas que transgreden las normas sexuales y de género y que, como resultado, enfrentan un mayor riesgo de violencia, estigma y discriminación. Está claro: los derechos sexuales sustentan el disfrute de todos los demás derechos humanos y son un requisito previo para la igualdad y la justicia.

A nivel mundial, existe un gran debate sobre si definir los derechos sexuales y cómo hacerlo. IWHC cree que para superar algunas de las barreras políticas al reconocimiento, respeto, protección y cumplimiento de los derechos sexuales, necesitamos aclarar cuáles son.

IWHC, en colaboración con otras organizaciones líderes de derechos humanos y salud sexual, ha desarrollado la siguiente definición de trabajo de derechos sexuales:

Los derechos sexuales abarcan ciertos derechos humanos que ya están reconocidos en las leyes nacionales, documentos internacionales de derechos humanos y otros documentos de consenso. Se basan en el reconocimiento de que todas las personas tienen derecho, libres de coerción, violencia y discriminación de cualquier tipo, al más alto nivel posible de salud sexual; perseguir una vida sexual satisfactoria, segura y placentera; tener control y decidir libremente, y con el debido respeto a los derechos de los demás, sobre asuntos relacionados con su sexualidad, reproducción, orientación sexual, integridad corporal, elección de pareja e identidad de género; ya los servicios, educación e información, incluida la educación integral en sexualidad, necesarios para ello.

Generally,​ ​coral​ ​reefs​ ​are​ ​found​ ​in​ ​shallow​ ​waters​ ​between​ ​______​ ​degrees​ ​N​ ​latitude and​ ​______​ ​degrees​ ​S​ ​latitude.

Answers

Answer:

30 degrees;

30 degrees

Explanation:

Coral reefs are formed when the skeleton of the corals merge and combine with each other. The formation of coral reefs takes many years . Corals are the organism living in the ocean. They live in dense colonies and clusters. Coral reefs provides an ecosystem for other marine organisms to live in. The species live in the coral reefs and maintain their population. Corals live in the region of the ocean that has warm water and between the latitudes of 30 degrees North and 30 degrees South.

How can we control the laser light show to stop it from hitting the crowd

Answers

Answer:

just turn it off

Explanation:

Using mirrors to reflect the lasers and “bounce” them to other sides of the room

a natural source of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere​

Answers

Answer:

Animals, Humans, Oil, Gases, And Coal all contain Carbon Dioxide in our atomosphere.

Explanation:

Which option identifies the major method scientists use to share their research findings with other scientists?

(Select all that apply)


newspaper articles

peer-reviewed journals

conference presentations

Internet videos

Answers

peer reviewed journals

The option that identifies the major method scientists use to share their research findings with other scientists is peer-reviewed journals. The correct option is B.

What is peer-reviewed journals?

A scholarly publication is another term for a peer-reviewed publication. The peer-review process is used to ensure academic scientific quality by subjecting an author's scholarly work, research, or ideas to the scrutiny of others who are experts in the same field.

Peer review is intended to assess the validity, quality, and, in some cases, originality of articles submitted for publication.

Its ultimate goal is to protect scientific integrity by filtering out invalid or poor articles.

Peer review research is not particularly well-developed, particularly as part of the broader issue of research integrity also it frequently produces contradictory, overlapping, or inconclusive results depending on scale and scope and it appears to suffer from biases similar to the rest of the scholarly literature.

Thus, the correct option is B.

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The swimming reflex is the combination of 2 unique factors. First, when submerged, babies will reflexively stop breathing through their nose. Secondly, their high voice boxes mean that any water will go into their _____.

Answers

Answer:

Trachea

Explanation:

The laryngeal reflex occurs and it is present in babies after birth. When water occupies or enters the mouth, the laryngeal reaction is triggered. While your infant is underwater, the glottis and epiglottis shut, keeping water from penetrating the throat(larynx and pharynx) and establishing a watertight barrier to the lungs. This is so to prevent the aspiration of water into the lungs.

What is an advantage to the type of circuit shown in the image to the left? A. The bulb closest to the battery is the brightest. B. If one bulb burns out, the others will stay lit. C. If one bulb burns out, the others will too.​

Answers

Answer:b

Explanation:

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