The ________________ controls the activity of the gamma motor system and thus regulates muscle tone.
The reticular formation controls the activity of the gamma motor system and thus regulates muscle tone.
Gamma motor system (γ motor neuron): It is a type of neuron system that takes part in muscle contraction. Their cell bodies are present in the anterior part of spinal cords which receives the activating input from the reticular formation of the pons in the brainstem. They are not directly involved in lengthening or shortening muscles rather they function in pulling or stretching muscle spindles which then maintain the firing of alpha neurons resulting in muscle contraction.
These gamma neurons are more active and effection when their axons are surrounded by myelin [a lipid-rich material] as compared to non-myelinated axons.
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The two DNA strands are held together by hydrogen bonding between the bases on the different strands; therefore, all the bases are on the ____________ of the double helix, and the sugar-phosphate backbones are on the ____________ .
The two DNA strands are held together by hydrogen bonding between the bases on the different strands; therefore, all the bases are on the inside of the double helix, and the sugar-phosphate backbones are on the outside.
The two strands are held collectively via hydrogen bonds between pairs of bases: adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine.
Covalent bonds arise inside every linear strand and strongly bond the bases, sugars, and phosphate groups (each within each thing and between additives).
Hydrogen bonds occur among the two strands and contain a base from one strand with a base from the second in complementary pairing.
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Phage typing is based on the fact thatbacteria are destroyed by viruses.viruses cause disease.bacterial viruses attack only members of a specific species.phages and bacteria are related.Staphylococcus causes infections.
B) bacterial viruses attack only members of a specific species.
However micro organisms and viruses have also been fighting every other for a totally long time and studying the manner they fight has taught us loads approximately how organisms exchange over the years and feature additionally brought about the discovery of a really interesting studies device. This war between bacteria and viruses is about the capacity to reproduce.
A bacteriophage is a plague that infects a bacterium. Archaea also are inflamed with the aid of viruses, whether or not those must be known as 'phages' is arguable, however, they are included as such inside the scope of this newsletter.
Like all viruses, bacteriophages are very species-particular in regard to their hosts and normally most effective infect a single bacterial species or even particular lines inside a species. Once a bacteriophage attaches to a prone host, it pursues one in every of two replication techniques: lytic or lysogenic.
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The core of Linnaeus' system of biological classification is a close examination of physical similarities and differences between groups of organisms. That is, comparisons of
The core of Linnaeus' system of biological classification is a close examination of physical similarities and differences between groups of organisms. That is, comparisons of similarities in obvious physical traits.
Taxonomy, or the science of categorizing and naming living things, was founded by Carolus Linnaeus. The creation of a hierarchical framework for classifying nature was one of his accomplishments. Eight taxa are currently part of this system: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.Living creatures are still categorized using the Linnean method, but we now recognize that the divisions into Kingdoms and Species are somewhat arbitrary. Physical comparisons can occasionally be deceptive, but they are frequently useful for determining connections between species.Sharks, dolphins, and penguins are not closely related, but because they swim through the water, they have all developed streamlined body shapes.learn more about Linnaeus' system here: https://brainly.com/question/12180488
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The presence of ________ can be used to distinguish staphylococcus from other gram-positive cocci.
Answer: catalase test
Explanation: (this is easy).
The catalase test is a particularly important test used to determine whether the Gram + cocci is a staphylococci or a streptococci. Catalase is an enzyme that converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen gas.
What is the name of the structure labeled A in the diagram below?
examine the entire genome of a bacteria and notice that nearly 70% of all DNA base pairs have three hydrogen bonds. This is a clear example of ____________________.
Examine the entire genome of a bacteria and notice that nearly 70% of all DNA base pairs have three hydrogen bonds. This is a clear example of GC content bias.
What is GC Content Bias?In Illumina sequencing data, the relationship between fragment count (read coverage) and GC content is known as "GC content bias." For techniques that concentrate on determining the number of fragments within a genome, like copy number estimation, this bias may predominate the signal of interest (DNA-sequence). The bias varies between samples, and there is no agreement on the most effective ways to eliminate it in a particular sample.High-throughput Illumina Genome Analyzer sequencing has gained popularity as a method for assessing the relative amount of DNA in an assay. The DNA of interest is broken up using this technique, and either the ends of the fragments are sequenced. These read pairs, which are short sequences, are mapped to a reference genome.
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Biomes include both biotic and abiotic elements. which set includes both biotic and abiotic elements of an estuary?
Cordgrass, water salinity and great blue herons set includes both biotic and abiotic elements of an estuary.
What is biotic and abiotic element?The pH of the soil in an ecosystem can be altered by an increase in acid rain.Aquatic food systems may experience bioaccumulation of heavy metals. Carbon that hasn't been burned could contaminate streams and feed wildlife. The climate, amount of precipitation, and soil type are abiotic factors—the nonliving elements—that define a biome. The plant and animal kingdoms are examples of biotic factors, which are the living elements.For plants to grow, they need carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. Through a process known as photosynthesis, plants employ water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide to produce their own food as part of a biotic interaction. Abiotic interactions, on a broader level, refer to climatic and seasonal cycles.Learn more about biotic and abiotic here:
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In the condensation part of the water cycle, what is the change of state that water goes through?
Answer:
[tex]\huge\boxed{\sf Gas \ to \ liquid}[/tex]
Explanation:
Condensation:Condensation is the state when water turns from gas to liquid.So, when water changes from gas to liquid in the water cycle, it rains.
[tex]\rule[225]{225}{2}[/tex]
Condensation is the process where water vapor becomes liquid. It is the reverse of evaporation, where liquid water becomes a vapor.
Is a type of weathering where rock is broken down as it absorbs water
Answer:
This is known as Mechanical Weathering.
Explanation:
Mechanical weathering is the process by which surfaces are degraded by interacting with something else, physically. Common methods of weathering are caused by wind, ice and water. Valleys are a distinct example of weathering and come in two types — “U” valleys and “V” valleys, so called because they are in the shape of those two letters.
How does mechanical and chemical weathering differ?
Erosion is the result of weathering (not the only one, but a major one). Chemical weathering is the result of interactions between a rock and its surroundings, often air or water. The elements in air and water can react with a rock's minerals to break them down into softer substances. Rocks that are exposed at the surface are therefore changed by these processes and become "weathered": their color is faded, their surface is softer, and they are crumbly (often). As iron-containing minerals oxidize, weathered rocks can take on a variety of red, orange, and yellow hues. Ice, for example, creates a lot of mechanical damage called physical weathering. When water freezes, it pushes the joint or crack farther apart, eventually causing the exposed rocks to break. Water seeps into joints and fissures in the rocks. Rocks are broken down by weathering and erosion into smaller and smaller pieces until soil is created or the smaller pieces may be carried by flowing water into streams and rivers, where they are sorted by size and redeposited as gravels, sands, and mud.
Rahul get tired very easily doctor says that he lacks mineral in his doet which mineral it?
Answer:
iron
Explanation:
Iron deficiency may cause fatigue
sorry if wrong
Neanderthals and Homo sapiens are different species yet most people carry about 2.5% of Neanderthal genetic code in our genome. What does this tell us about our relationship with Neanderthals? Select all that apply.
Because Neanderthals and Homo sapiens shared an common ancestor, most humans have roughly 2.5 percent of Neanderthal DNA in their DNA.
What is meant by Homo sapiens bearing about 2.5% of Neanderthals DNA?Scientific data indicate that these two species originated from a single progenitor. Latest research reveals that the Neanderthal and Homo sapiens lineages split at about 500,000 years earlier, according to both archaeological and DNA data. Its split, according to certain genetic validations, occurred roughly 650,000 years previously.The amount of DNA a person has inherited from such forebears is often measured as a proportion in this data. Humans from African populations have zero or almost zero percent Neanderthal DNA, whereas those from European or Asian populations have roughly 2.5 percent. Because of problems with chronology and fossil anatomy, it is presently unknown if Homo heidelbergensis, Homo antecedent, or the other species was the last common ancestor of modern humans and Neanderthals.At some point throughout their life, Neanderthals coexisted with early modern humans.Therefore it can be concluded that Neanderthals are early modern humans' closest ancient relatives.
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Ecology and evolution are closely related, as are evolution and genetics. All have an impact on the world around us.
Describe at least 5 ways that you currently or could help with conservation. Include practical ways you and your family can reduce, reuse, and recycle in your day-to-day lives.
Explain the roles of natural selection and mutation in evolution. In your response, describe how genetics and evolution are related and explain at least 2 pieces of evidence for evolution.
Ecology is the science that studies the interaction between living beings and the environment in which they live.
How can I help with conservation?Buy recycled paper avoiding the death of more treesHave a recycling bin for paper, plastic, metal and glass, to reduce the environmental damage in waste and for the waste to be reusedRecycle toner and ink cartridges from empty printers, to avoid polluting rivers and streams.If possible buy remanufactured cartridges, avoiding environmental impactRecycle old newspapers, avoiding the death of more trees.What is the evidence for evolution?Anatomy. Species may share similar physical features because those features were present in a common ancestor (homologous structures).Molecular biology. DNA and genetic code reflect the common ancestry of life
With this information, we can conclude that Ecology is concerned with the living beings on the planet and their relationships with each other and with the environment.
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can someone please help me with meassuring pH lab report edge
Answer:
hey i am sending you the link from that link you can find your answers
Explanation:
https://acrobat.adobe.com/link/review?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:55617ca4-6031-3011-a5b5-356b52d34d36
Sensory impulses traveling through the posterior root will reach the _______ upon entering the spinal cord.
Sensory impulses traveling through the posterior root will reach the posterior horn upon entering the spinal cord.
Posterior Part of Spinal Column
It is one of the three grey columns seen in the spinal cord and it receives various sensory information. The sensory information can be touch, vibration, and proprioception.
Transmission of Signals from Posterior root to Posterior horn
The posterior root is also called the dorsal root and it emerges from the spinal cord. It contains afferent nerve fibers that are responsible for bringing sensory information from various parts of the trunk to the central nervous system. The signals are then transmitted to the posterior horn. The posterior horn is also called the dorsal horn and it is one of the divisions of grey matter. The posterior horn has interneurons that are responsible for connecting the CNS and the neurons entering the ascending sensory pathways.
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Refer to this portion of a dichotomous key for fish identification to answer the question. According to this dichotomous key, any catfish must have
According to this dichotomous key, any catfish must be leathery, that is, without scales. They have a flattened body, as in most fish with benthic habits, that is, they live at the bottom of the waters. Coloration varies from bluish gray to yellow. It can reach 1 meter in length and weigh about 5 kilos.
What is catfish?Catfish and catfish are common designations given to fish of the order Siluriformes in most of South America.About 2,200 species of these fish are known, classified into almost 40 families (only two, Ariidae and Plotosidae, have marine species). They are found almost all over the world, but more than half of the known species are native to South America.
With this information, we can conclude that the catfish (Ictaluruspunctatus) is a representative fish of the order Siluriformes, family Ictaluridae, characterized by not having scales.
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Gene got Medicare before he turned 65 and enrolled into a Medicare Advantage plan. He calls in February the month before his 65th birthday and is unhappy with his current plan. On the date of the call, what can Gene do about his coverage?
On the date of the call, the thing that Gene can do about his Medicare coverage is that he can change it since he's dissatisfied.
What is Medicare?It should be noted that Medicare simply means a government health insurance program that is found in the United States.
In this case, Medicare Advantage has two opportunities to change plans each year. This occurs between October 15th to December 7th and January 1st to March 31st.
Here, Gene calls in February the month before his 65th birthday and is unhappy with his current plan and since he has a Medicare Advantage plan, he can switch to another Medicare Advantage plan as well as changing change to original Medicare and then join a Part D plan. He had to do this before the end of March.
In conclusion, the coverage begins the first day of the month after he switches.
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Answer:
Explanation:gene has until the end of March to make a place change
Dimples are dominant. A dimpled man and a non-dimpled woman have 10 children, all dimpled. We might be tempted to assume that the father homozygous for the dimpled trait. Do we know this
DD is homozygous dominant, the dominant allele will shown so they will have dimples.
What is homozygous?When an organism is homozygous, it contains two copies of the same allele for a gene. When two copies of the same dominant allele or two copies of the same recessive allele are present in an organism, it is said to be homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive respectively. Homozygosity is the presence of two dominant alleles (AA) or two recessive alleles (aa).The recessive allele is suppressed by the dominant one.
What is heterozygous?The two distinct alleles in a heterozygous genotype interact with one another. This controls how their characteristics are shown. This encounter frequently centers on dominance. The stronger allele is referred to as "dominant," whilst the weaker allele is referred to as "recessive." The dominant allele covers up this recessive one.
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A neurotransmitter may have an excitatory or an inhibitory effect on the postsynaptic cell, depending on __________.
A neurotransmitter can have an excitatory or inhibitory effect on the postsynaptic cell, depending on which of its receptor(s) are present on the postsynaptic (target) cell.
How do excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters act?Sometimes neurotransmitters can bind to receptors and cause an electrical signal to be transmitted through the cell (excitatory). In other cases, the neurotransmitter can prevent the signal from continuing, preventing the message from being carried (inhibitory).
With this information, we can conclude that a neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse.
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Think about your hand and thumb for a minute. Think about all the things you can do with your thumb and hand, all the things you can grab and pick up. Do you have an evolutionary advantage because you have an opposable thumb? Explain your answer.
The opposable thumb and movable hands in humans are an evolutionary advantage as they allow them to grasp the resources and objects in nature and help in survival.
What is an opposable thumb?An opposable thumb is the evolutionary adaptation of the primates (humans) that allows the thumb to be placed opposite the fingers in the hand to grasp, handle and lift objects.
It is an evolutionary advantage as it allowed the humans to grasp the objects and resources present in the environment and allowed them to eat and write, unlike the other animals of the primate group.
Therefore, an opposable thumb is an evolutionary advantage.
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If inhibiting thyroid hormone release with PTU (propylthiouracil) in an experiment, the ____ group receives PTU and the ____ group receives no PTU.
If inhibiting thyroid hormone release with PTU (propylthiouracil) in an experiment, the experimental group receives PTU and the control group receives no PTU.
What is propylthiouracil (PTU) used for?The thyroid gland's ability to produce fresh thyroid hormone is inhibited by the drug propylthiouracil. It works by preventing the thyroid peroxidase enzyme from doing its normal job of converting iodide to an iodine molecule and incorporating that molecule into the amino acid tyrosine.PTU prevents iodine and peroxidase from forming T4 and T3 from reacting normally with thyroglobulin. Thyroid hormone synthesis is decreased by this action. Because T3 is more effective than T4 and PTU prevents T4 from being converted to T3, thyroid hormone activity is also decreased.An important factor in controlling body temperature is thyroid hormone. The body must rely more on shivering to regulate temperature in the absence of thyroid hormone. To generate ATP, additional oxygen must be used.To know more about thyroid here:
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Both steroid and protein hormones have their cell receptors in the same area of the cell. multiple choice 1 True False 2. Steroid hormones bind directly to the DNA. multiple choice 2 True False 3. What codes for the synthesis of proteins
The genetic codes stored in DNA codes for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
What is the DNA?The DNA is the acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the molecule that contains the genetic information of an organism.
The following statements are below categorized as true or false;
Both steroid and protein hormones have their cell receptors in the same area of the cell - False
Steroid hormones bind directly to the DNA - True
The genetic codes contained only in DNA is responsible for the synthesis or the production of proteins in the cell.
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The process of liquid water gaining enough energy to turn into a vapor is called ________.
A. Evaporation
B. Condensation
C. Precipitation
D. Transpiration
Answer:
A
Explanation:
because when sun shines on water, it turns into heat and evaporate
A researcher prepares three cell cultures in a medium containing an equal mixture of glucose and lactose. Culture 1 contains E. coli cells lacking the lac operon. Culture 2 contains E. coli cells with the lac operon, and Culture 3 contains E. coli cells modified such that the lac operon always allows the metabolism of lactose. All cultures are left for 24 hours in appropriate conditions. Rank the cultures in order of increasing numbers of cells.
The cultures are arranged in a order as follows :
Culture 1 > Culture 3 > Culture 2 .
Culture 2 is expected to contain most cells because the lac operon metabolizes lactose only when the cells are needed and saves energy for replication. However, since cells in culture 3 can metabolize lactose, we can expect slightly fewer cells in culture 3, but they are not very efficient in terms of energy. Culture 1 dramatically reduces the number of cells because these cells cannot metabolize lactose.
The gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions for making molecules called proteins. However, many genes do not encode proteins.
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Which chemical disinfectant works by inactivating enzymes and nucleic acids and is known for being toxic and carcinogenic
Formaldehyde chemical disinfectant works by inactivating enzymes and nucleic acids and is known for being toxic and carcinogenic.
What is formaldehyde?A pungent, colorless gas called formaldehyde is a component of numerous household goods and building materials.
What does formaldehyde do in human body?Some people may experience negative symptoms like watery eyes, burning sensations in the eyes, nose, and throat, coughing, wheezing, nausea, and skin irritation when formaldehyde is present in the air at levels above 0.1 ppm.
What is nucleic acids?A nucleic acid is a polymeric macromolecule made up of repeating units of monomeric "nucleotides" made of a pentose (five carbon) sugar (either ribose or 2′-deoxyribose) and one to three phosphate groups. The nitrogenous heterocyclic base can be either a purine or a pyrimidine.
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The region of the nephron that collectively (when combining the effects of each of your nephrons) produces about 180 L of filtrate per day is the:
The region of the nephron that collectively (when combining the effects of each of your nephrons) produces about 180 L of filtrate per day is the Glomerulus capsule.
Small molecules and water can pass through the Bowman's capsule, which encloses the glomerulus, but larger molecules cannot. The Bowman's capsule is then used to collect the filtrate and transmit it through the nephron.The vascular system of the glomerulus produces a filtrate from the blood that enters the urinary space defined by Bowman's capsule, The tubule, and the duct, where the reabsorption of ions, proteins, and water back into the bloodstream determines the final composition of the urine.
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The visual predation hypothesis of primate origins proposes that Group of answer choices primate characteristics evolved as adaptive advantages in a purely TERRESTRIAL environment. mammalian characteristics evolved as adaptive advantages in a purely ARBOREAL environment. primate characteristics evolved as adaptive advantages in the forest undergrowth. primate characteristics evolved as primates adapted to the highest tiers in the forest canopy.
The visual predation hypothesis of primate origins proposes that primate characteristics evolved as adaptive advantages in the forest undergrowth.
A small, nocturnal, insectivorous mammal is most likely where the early primates originated. The two species that are most closely related to primates are tree shrews and colugos, commonly referred to as flying lemurs. The tree shrew serves as a living example of how early primates, or primate ancestors, might have looked. Primates or their predecessors entered the trees and adapted to an arboreal environment at some point. The Arboreal and Visual Predation Theories are two hypotheses for how various ape traits, like grasping or prehensile hands, forward-facing eyes, and depth perception, evolved.Although primates are assumed to have originated in Asia, the majority of the earliest fossils, which date to the Eocene Epoch, are found in North America and Europe.learn more about primate origins here: https://brainly.com/question/22097207
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A/An ____________________ is the placement of a catheter to maintain an opening between the pelvis of a kidney and the exterior of the body.
A nephrostomy is the placement of a catheter to maintain an opening between the pelvis of a kidney and the exterior of the body.
Urine is generated by the kidneys. Each of the two kidneys in humans sends urine to the bladder via a tube called the ureter. This canal might get obstructed for several reasons (e.g., cancer or kidney stones). A clogged ureter can prevent the kidney from functioning normally and cause renal disease. Additionally, if the obstructed urine becomes contaminated, it can cause significant sickness.
A nephrostomy is a connection between the kidney and the skin. A nephrostomy tube is a tiny plastic tube that is carried from the back, through the skin, the kidney, and to the urine collection site. Its purpose is to temporarily discharge clogged urine. This protects the kidney from further injury and allows it to operate normally.
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A nephrostomy is the placement of a catheter to maintain an opening between the pelvis of a kidney and the exterior of the body.
Urine is generated by the kidneys. Each of the two kidneys in humans sends urine to the bladder via a tube called the ureter. This canal might get obstructed for several reasons (e.g., cancer or kidney stones). A clogged ureter can prevent the kidney from functioning normally and cause renal disease. Additionally, if the obstructed urine becomes contaminated, it can cause significant sickness.
A nephrostomy is a connection between the kidney and the skin. A nephrostomy tube is a tiny plastic tube that is carried from the back, through the skin, the kidney, and to the urine collection site. Its purpose is to temporarily discharge clogged urine. This protects the kidney from further injury and allows it to operate normally.
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Didinium are carnivorous members of Kingdom Protista that prey on other, slower moving Protists. A student is studying Didinium feeding rates after 1, 3, and 5 days of food deprivation. How should she classify the organism she is studying
She should classify the organism as a Eukaryotic consumer.
In the nation Animalia (state of multicellular customers), the individuals are eukaryotic, multicellular, and heterotrophic purchasers. They feed on other organisms and are accordingly referred to as purchasers. They comprise glycogen or fats as reserve food.
Eukaryotes are heterotrophic but are decomposers due to the fact they take in nutrients from dead organisms and organic rely on them to get stronger. Examples of fungi are molds, mold and mushrooms.
Eukaryote Heterotrophs most multicellular and some unicellular feed on lifeless and decaying organisms. Eukaryote Autotrophs Multicellular life on earth might now not exist without plant life.
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Please I need the answer
aa x aa
Aa x Aa
AA x Aa (which is the same as Aa x AA)
AA x AA
There are two other possible unique crosses. What are they?
Answer:
other twos are AA x aa and Aa x aa