retinal damage can be caused by light between 445 nm and 470 nm. what is the energy in kj/mol of photons with a wavelength of 457.5 nm?

The amount of reactant and product that changes per unit of time is the rate expression for the reaction. The change in reactant and product concentration over time is depicted by the rate expression.

Although it is unnecessarily simplified, the rate expression (3.35) has been found to be extremely useful in many situations. Let's define a basic reaction so that we can continue our conversation. A reaction is considered to be elementary if the reactants (or reacting molecules) always respond stoichiometrically. For instance, in an elementary reaction, A and B can spontaneously transform into C when they come into contact without needing to do any further action. Therefore, idealised reactions or reaction stages are considered elementary reactions.

The rate of disappearance of ozone is the rate of difference of O3 is divided by 2.

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Five tubes with initial concentration of 1650 mg/dl , are used in the dilution.  The diluted concentrations in each tube are 330 mg/dl, 825 mg/dl, 412.5 mg/dl, 330 mg/dl, and 165 mg/dl, respectively.

A multiple dilution is a process of diluting a sample with a known concentration to create a series of dilutions that can be tested further. In this case, a sample with an initial concentration of 1650 mg/dl is to be diluted in five tubes. The dilution concentrations are 1/5 (tube 1), 1/2 (tube 2), 1/4 (tube 3), 1/5 (tube 4), and 1/10 (tube 5).

To calculate the diluted concentration in each tube, the initial concentration must be multiplied by the dilution factor. The dilution factor is the inverse of the dilution ratio. For example, for a 1/5 dilution, the dilution factor is 5.

The diluted concentration in each tube is then as follows:

Tube 1: 1650 mg/dl x 1/5 = 330 mg/dl

Tube 2: 1650 mg/dl x 1/2 = 825 mg/dl

Tube 3: 1650 mg/dl x 1/4 = 412.5 mg/dl

Tube 4: 1650 mg/dl x 1/5 = 330 mg/dl

Tube 5: 1650 mg/dl x 1/10 = 165 mg/dl

Therefore, the diluted concentrations in each tube are 330 mg/dl, 825 mg/dl, 412.5 mg/dl, 330 mg/dl, and 165 mg/dl, respectively.

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The decision is not valid for a liquid in a glass capillary with a convex meniscus since the liquid's behavior is strongly influenced by its interactions with the glass. As a result, choice D is right.

Glass capillaries have external sizes that range greatly, from 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm. For the purpose of gathering x-ray data, they are designed to mount, hold, and store biological macromolecular crystals as well as small molecules.

The water in a thin tube submerged in water rises due to the forces of attraction between the water molecules and the glass walls as well as the water molecules themselves.

The gravitational pull of the water column, which has risen to a characteristic height, is only balanced by these attractive forces.

Therefore, choice D is correct.

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Hg2+ is Lewis Acid.

According to the Lewis definition, a species that donates a lone pair of electrons acts as a Lewis base, and a species that accepts a lone pair of electrons acts as a Lewis acid.

In other words, a neutral or negatively charged species with a lone pair of electrons can act as a Lewis base, and a species with an empty orbital (an incomplete octet) which can acquire a lone pair of electrons are Lewis acid.

In case of the following reaction: hg2+(aq)+4cn−(aq)⇌hg(cn)42−(aq)

Here, the Hg2+ ion receives four pairs of electrons from the CN- ions because it possesses vacant orbitals.

So, Hg2+ is Lewis acid here.

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Polar molecules' poles point in the direction of the oppositely charged metal plate when they are sandwiched between the plates.

Positive and negative poles are found in opposite poles in polar molecules. For instance, water molecules will have their negative pole facing the positive end and vice versa when they are placed between two metal plates that have opposing charges.

The charges on the metal plate will force them to align themselves since opposing charges repel one another and like charges attract.

Therefore, when polar molecules are sandwiched between two metal plates with opposing charges, the poles will point in the direction of the plate with the opposite charge.

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Particulate Contamination Workplace Respiratory Hazards is a type of respiratory hazard which usually consist of gaseous material and particulate and result from operation such paint praying.

Respiratory hazard is a type of hazard being exposed to worker of employees in a certain condition and situation in his/her workplace ranging from lack of oxygen as well as exposure of hazardous materials such as gas, dust, mites, fumes, smokes, and contamination such as biological (viral and bacterial) contamination, etc which may result in a respiratory disease and problems. There are four types of respiratory hazards namely Oxygen-deficient hazard, gas or vapor respiratory hazard, particulate contamination respiratory hazard, and biological contamination hazard.

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Your question seems to be missing but I assume your question was:

"________  is a type of respiratory hazard which usually consist of gaseous material and particulate and result from operation such paint praying."

The first step of the reaction, we have  reaction between a nucleophile and an electrophile.

We can see that in the first step of the reaction, we have  reaction between a nucleophile and an electrophile. In this case, the electrophile would have to be an alkyl halide which produces a carbocation as show in the image attached. What we have here is quite similar or  like most of the organic reactions, this reaction occurs in a number of detailed or smaller steps and each step of the reaction is going to help to bring us closer to the end product of the entire steps of the reaction which is wat we target as we carry out the particular reaction.The second step involves the reduction of the alkyne with the use of a Lindlar catalyst. As such the reaction is poisoned and it stops at the alkyne stage rather than going on to obtain the alkane.

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Silver is the best conductor of electricity. Its main disadvantage is that it tarnishes when exposed to air. the native mineral that is the best conductor of electricity.

The Latin argentum and Sanskrit argunas, both meaning "bright," are where the word "Ag" originates. Even in the Stone Age, silver was used. Silver use dates back at least 5000 years, according to archaeological findings. When aesthetics is crucial, it is utilised for silver dinnerware and jewellery. As the greatest known visible light reflector, silver is utilised to build mirrors, even though it tarnishes with time. Electrical connections, batteries, solder and brazing alloys, dental alloys, and other products also use it.

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Changing the coefficients solely affects the quantity of molecules in that specific chemical. However, modifying the subscripts will change the substance itself, rendering your chemical equation incorrect. The correct option to this question is step 2.

Chemistry makes good use of the ability to balance chemical equations. The concept that atoms and molecules commonly interact to form new molecules is the foundation of chemical reactions.

(1) Use word equations to describe the chemical reaction, placing the reactants on the left and the products on the right. (2) Include the symbol and formula for each reactant and product in the equation in words. (3) Balance the equation by multiplying the formula and symbol numbers by the lowest integers.

Balancing a chemical equation is crucial for understanding a chemical reaction. This is to reveal the number of moles that are reacting and generating. It also indicates how many electrons were moved from one chemical to another.

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50.79 mL  of 0.2300 m NaOH solution would be needed to reach a magenta phenolphthalein endpoint when titrating with 45.00 ml of 0.2596 m hcl solution

The reaction is given as :

HCl + NaOH = NaCl + H2O

We will use the formula : M1V1 = M2V2

M1 = 0.2596 M

V1 = 45.00 mL

M2 = 0.2300 M

putting values :

0.2596 M x 45.00 mL = 0.2300 M x V2

V2 = 50.79 mL

So volume of NaOH solution = 50.79 mL

A full neutralization process that solution in a pink phenolphthalein requires equimolar concentrations of both NaOH and HCl solutions.

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Answer: antimycin A is more potent than rotenone.Rotenone only inhibits electrons flow into the election transport chain at Complex 1 (electrons from NADH are restricted) Complex II (electrons for fatty acyl-CoA and FADH2) does not get affected by rotenone and so even though ETC becomes slow it does not stop completely.

Explanation:

Explanation:

According to Graham's law, rate of diffusion is incresely proportional to the square roots of its molecule weight.

Let m be the mass of the unknown gas

m2 is the mass of oxygen 

r1 = rate of diffusion of the unknown gas 

r2 = rate of diffusion of oxygen

r2r1=m1m2

Given r2r1=4

thus 4=m132 

Squaring boil sides

16=m32

m1=2g

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If you had placed 50mL of 0.1M HCl in a 150mL beaker,then the [H3O+] in the 50mL solution would be the same as the [H3O+] in the 25mL solution. Therefore, option 3 is correct.

Any mixture of one or more solutes that have been dissolved in a solvent is referred to as a solution. To create a homogenous mixture, a solute must dissolve in a solvent. To create a homogenous mixture, a solute must dissolve in a solvent.

A homogenous mixture of two or more components with particles smaller than 1 nm is referred to as a solution. Solutions come in many forms, including soda water, salt and sugar solutions, and others. Every element in a solution appears as a single phase.

Thus, option 3 is correct.

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The molarity of a commercial grade of HCl solution with a density of 1.20 g/ml is 12.8 M.

The term "molar concentration" (also known as "molarity," "amount concentration," or "substance concentration") refers to the amount of a substance per unit volume of solution and is used to describe the concentration of a chemical species, specifically a solute, in a solution.

The most common measure of molarity in chemistry is the number of moles per litre, denoted by the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units. A solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L is referred to as 1 molar, or 1 M. The most popular unit of measurement for molal concentration or molarity is moles of solute per litre of solution.

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The new pressure is 0.929atm.

Solution:

2*2.4L/298K = P₂ * 5.6L/323K

P₂ = 0.929atm.

So, Now the pressure will be 0.929atm.

Force normal to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. At a point in the gas, pressure acts in all directions. At the surface of a gas, compressive forces act perpendicular to the surface. If the gas is moving as a whole, the measured pressure will be different in the direction of movement.

A simple example of pressure can be seen by holding a knife against a piece of fruit. Placing the flat part of the knife on the fruit will not cut the surface. The force is distributed over a wide area. Pressure is defined as the physical force exerted on an object. The force applied is normal to the surface of the object per unit area.

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By producing light, the electrons let off part or all of their extra energy.But an electron and a proton are attracted to one another.Another way to put it is that opposite charges attract each other whereas the same or "like" charges repel one another.

Smaller subatomic particles make up protons and neutrons.Protons and neutrons exchange particles (mesons) when they are sufficiently close to one another, which fuses them together.When they are tied, it takes a lot of energy to unbind them.

No, I cannot.Because protons and electrons are separate species, this is the case.A proton and an electron can both annihilate with just an anti-proton (positron), but not the other way around.

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Answer:

This is because the carbonate ion (CO32-) is a base, and when it reacts with an acid, it neutralizes the acid and forms a salt. The carbon dioxide that is produced is a byproduct of this reaction.

Explanation:

The reaction between an acid and a carbonate can be represented by the following general equation:

Acid + Carbonate --> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

For example, the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) can be written as:

HCl + Na2CO3 --> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2

In this equation, hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate react to form sodium chloride (table salt), water, and carbon dioxide.

It's important to note that not all acids will react with carbonates. For example, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a strong acid, but it does not react with carbonates. This is because sulfuric acid is a strong dehydrating agent and will remove water from the reaction, preventing the formation of carbon dioxide.

The statement that is correct about the system is  ∆H = +590 kJ.

We know that according to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can not be created nor destroyed but It can be converted from one form to the other. This implies that we can not loose energy, the energy that is supplied as the pork is combusted can be transferred to the water.

As such, we can be able to obtain the heat that enthalpy of the system can be obtained as the heat that is transferred to the water as follows;

∆H =  mc dT

∆H =  heat absorbed or evolved

m = mass of the water

c = Heat capacity of the water

dT = temperature change

Now we have;

∆H =  3000 * 4.184  * 47

∆H = +590 kJ

The magnitude of heat that has been transferred to the water is +590 kJ.

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Missing parts;

A 50 gram sample of delicious pork rinds is placed in an open, constant pressure calorimeter that contains 3000 grams of water. The temperature of the water increases by 47◦C when the pork rinds are combusted. The heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g ◦C. Assume the heat lost to the calorimeter itself or to the air is negligible. Which of the following is correct for the SYSTEM?

1.) ∆U = +590 kJ

2.) ∆U = −11.8 kJ

3.) ∆H = −11.8 kJ

4.) ∆H = +590 kJ

5.) ∆U = −590 kJ

6.) ∆H = +11.8 kJ

7.) ∆U = +11.8 kJ

8.) ∆H = −590 kJ

The solvent here is acetone.

When we mix two miscible liquids, the one with the largest amount will act as the solvent. Here water, alcohol, acetone are miscible liquids.  That is all three are soluble in each other. In such cases the one with the maximum quantity will be the solvent.

So, since acetone is in largest quantity, that is, 50ml, it will act as the solvent.

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Laminates are the made by uniting superimposed sheets of different materials.

The laminates are caskets made by the uniting superimposed sheets of the different materials . the sheets of the laminate are made up by the bonding together of the two or the more layers of the materials.  laminates are the decorative products.  the laminates are used in the furniture , for the wall paneling. it is made by high or the low pressure of the laminate. laminates is used in the multilayer of the flooring product. laminates imitate the real wood appearance.

Thus, caskets made of uniting superimposed of layer of the different material are called as the laminates.

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When a hydrogen atom forms a covalent link with an N, O, or F atom, hydrogen bonding takes place. Only a few substances that contain hydrogen can form a hydrogen bond.

An attraction involving two atoms that also take part in other chemical connections is known as a hydrogen bond. Any electronegative oxygen, including oxygen, chlorine, or fluorine, may make up the other atom, whereas one of the atoms is hydrogen. Between atoms or between two different molecules, hydrogen bonds can develop between the atoms.

Examine the material's Lewis structure to determine whether hydrogen bonds are conceivable. As with carbon and nitrogen, a electronegative atom requires one or more unbounded electron pairs and a minus partial charge.

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From the given conditions in the question, it is evident that a protein has been made from the polymerization of amino acids.

Amino acids are defined as the substances which are considered to be the monomers of proteins.Every amino acid has the same structure consisting of a central carbon which is bonded to an amino group , carboxyl group and a hydrogen.

Each amino acid also has another atom or a group of atoms bonded to the alpha carbon which are also known as the R group or the variable group of the side chain.There are 20 common amino acids present in natural proteins and each amino acid has the same backbone.

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Here is a detailed flow sheet for the isolation and purification of 1-bromobutane:

Start with a sample of 1-bromobutane, which can be synthesized from butane through a bromination reaction.

Dissolve the 1-bromobutane in a solvent such as diethyl ether or hexane.

Extract the 1-bromobutane from the solvent using a separatory funnel. This can be done by adding a small amount of water to the solvent mixture and shaking it vigorously to allow the 1-bromobutane to dissolve in the water. The 1-bromobutane will then separate from the solvent as an upper layer.

Drain the upper layer of 1-bromobutane into a clean container, being careful to leave any impurities behind in the separatory funnel.

Dry the 1-bromobutane by adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate or another drying agent to the container and stirring the mixture until the drying agent has absorbed any moisture.

Filter the 1-bromobutane through filter paper to remove any solid impurities.

Distill the 1-bromobutane to purify it further. This can be done by heating the 1-bromobutane in a distillation setup and collecting the distillate as it comes off the still. The 1-bromobutane will boil at a higher temperature than most impurities, so it will be collected in a separate fractions.

Once the 1-bromobutane has been distilled, it can be collected and stored for future use. It is important to handle 1-bromobutane with care, as it is flammable and can be harmful if inhaled or ingested.

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Here is a detailed flow sheet for the isolation and purification of 1-bromobutane:

Start with a sample of 1-bromobutane, which can be synthesized from butane through a bromination reaction.

Dissolve the 1-bromobutane in a solvent such as diethyl ether or hexane.

Extract the 1-bromobutane from the solvent using a separatory funnel. This can be done by adding a small amount of water to the solvent mixture and shaking it vigorously to allow the 1-bromobutane to dissolve in the water. The 1-bromobutane will then separate from the solvent as an upper layer.

Drain the upper layer of 1-bromobutane into a clean container, being careful to leave any impurities behind in the separatory funnel.

Dry the 1-bromobutane by adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate or another drying agent to the container and stirring the mixture until the drying agent has absorbed any moisture.

Filter the 1-bromobutane through filter paper to remove any solid impurities.

Distill the 1-bromobutane to purify it further. This can be done by heating the 1-bromobutane in a distillation setup and collecting the distillate as it comes off the still. The 1-bromobutane will boil at a higher temperature than most impurities, so it will be collected in a separate fractions.

Once the 1-bromobutane has been distilled, it can be collected and stored for future use. It is important to handle 1-bromobutane with care, as it is flammable and can be harmful if inhaled or ingested.

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Because it improves food preservation and breaks down the sugars in the dough, the dough is fermented and proofed.

The ideal temperature for fermentation is 85° F.

What is fermentation?

Anaerobic degradation of molecules like glucose occurs chemically during fermentation.

What is proofing?

When making yeast bread and other baked goods, the process of proving involves letting the dough rest and rise one last time before baking. While the dough is resting, yeast ferments it and releases gases, leavening the dough.

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Mass of kmno4 does she need to make the solution is 128.375 g.

Volume = 2.5 L

Concentration = 0.325 M

Potassium permanganate (Molar mass )= 39 + 55 + (16 x 4) = 158 g

Calculate the moles of KMnO₄

Formula

moles = molarity x volume

moles = 0.325 x 2.5

moles = .8125

Calculate the grams of KMnO₄

                   158 g KMnO₄ ------------------ 1 mol

                      x     ------------------ .8125

                           x = (1.95 x 158)/1  

                         x = 128.375 g

The amount of a solute in moles to all the liters of a solution is known as its molarity. The solvent and solute are both present in the solution. The ratio of the moles of a solute to the kilograms of a solvent is known as molality, on the other hand.

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Option A, chlorofluorocarbons(CFC) react to destroy ozone. This leads to various harmful activities on the earth like global warming.

When gaseous CFCs slowly ascend into the stratosphere, are oxidized by strong UV light, release chlorine atoms, and then interact with ozone molecules, they can weaken the ozone layer. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) come into touch with the Ozone layer as they rise upward and toward the stratosphere. As a result, the chlorofluorocarbons(CFC) molecules are split apart by UV light, releasing chlorine atoms that can destroy ozone molecules in a chemical process. The stratospheric ozone protects against ultraviolet rays.

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The molar mass of a gas with an average velocity of 369 m/s at 350. k provide answer in g/mol to 3 significant figures is 64.1 g/mol.

Calculation:-

(Velocity)² = 3RT/M

M = 3RT/(velocity)²

= 3x8.3145J/k.mol x 350k/(369m/s)²

= 0.0641 kg/mol.

Molar mass = 64.1 g/mol

Average velocity is a measure of total displacement divided by using overall time. the whole displacement is the space between the start and endpoints. seeing that the auto movements from point A at both the start and stop points the entire displacement is zero and the average speed is likewise 0.

Speed is the gap traveled consistent with unit of time, the velocity of motion. the velocity of a automobile visiting on a smooth, flat section of a motorway with out visitors congestion is steady and now not zero. Acceleration is the rate of exchange of speed. The purpose is simple. pace is the percentage of time an object movements alongside a path and speed is the rate and course of an object's movement.

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Structural and Organic Formula of Acetone: Acetone Formula (C3H6O) (Propanone) So, Both propanal and propanone are isomers of the substance having the chemical formula C 3 H 6 O.

A substance in science that is created through the chemical joining of two or more distinct elements Table salt (NaCl), which is derived from the elements sodium and chloride, and water (H2O), which is created from the elements hydrogen and oxygen, are two examples of compounds.

Because water molecules make up its composition, water is a compound. Atoms made of water don't exist. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms are found in a certain ratio of two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen in the structure of water molecules.

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