Several factors can dictate entropy in an equation.
These include:
1. Phase changes
⇒ When a solid turns to a liquid, the entropy increases as the particles have more freedom to move around and thus have a greater ability for 'disorder'. Same goes for a liquid turning to a gas. In a gas, the intermolecular forces are much weaker than that of a solid or liquid, allowing the particles more freedom.
So, going from a solid to liquid to gas increases entropy, and going the other way, from gas to liquid to solid, decreases entropy.
Example:
H₂O(l) -> H₂O(g)
This will have a positive entropy change, as the water molecules are becoming gaseous and thus have more freedom.
2. Dissolution
⇒ Similarly, breaking up particles of a solute when dissolving in a solvent will increase entropy as the particles are no longer bound together.
So, dissolving a solute will increase entropy.
Example:
NaCl(s) -> NaCl(aq)
This will have a positive entropy change, as the NaCl particles are more free after being separated.
3. Number of products and reactants
⇒ Generally, if you have more moles of products than reactants, if they are the same phase then entropy will increase. Note this is not necessarily true if you form a gas from two non-gas reactants, as the gas will still have more entropy.
4. Temperature
⇒ Increasing temperature will increase entropy as the particles have more kinetic energy and are then moving faster.
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l. 2N2(g) + O2(g) → 2N2O(g)
3 moles of gas are forming 2 moles of gas. The phase of products and reactants are the same, so since we have less moles of product than reactant, entropy will be negative.
II. CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)
1 mole of solid is forming 1 mole of solid and 1 mole of gas. There is a phase change from solid to gas, and there are more moles of product than reactant, entropy will be positive.
III. Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
While 3 moles of reactant are forming only 2 moles product, we are forming a gas from non-gaseous reactants, so entropy will be positive regardless.
1c. A car drives 464 km in 4 hours. What is its average speed in kilometers per hour? Please SHOW YOUR WORK and INCLUDE UNITS!
Looking for km/hr
The car's average speed is 116 kilometers per hour.
The entire distance traveled divided by the total time elapsed is the definition of average speed. It is typically stated in terms of the amount of time or distance per unit, such as meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/hr).
Average speed = total distance ÷ total time
In this case, the total distance is 464 km and the total time is 4 hours.
Average speed = 464 km ÷ 4 hours
Average speed = 116 km/hr
Therefore, the car's average speed is 116 kilometers per hour.
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25.
A 500.0-gram sample of copper is initially at 25 °C. It absorbs 6.30 kJ of heat from its surroundings. What is
its final temperature, in °C? (Specific heat = 0.385 J/g °C for copper)
57.7 °C
41.4 °C
7.72 °C
65.7 °C
29 9 °C
The final temperature with Specific heat = 0.385 J/g °C for copper is 57.7 °C.
What is Specific heat?Specific heat is a measure of the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance. It is a physical property of a material and is usually measured in units of J/(g °C) or J/(g K).
Equation:q = m * c * ΔT
where q is the heat absorbed (in joules), m is the mass of the substance (in grams), c is the specific heat (in J/(g °C)), and ΔT is the change in temperature (in °C).
Plugging in the values,
6.30 kJ = 500.0 g * 0.385 J/(g °C) * ΔT
Simplifying the equation, we get:
ΔT = (6.30 kJ) / (500.0 g * 0.385 J/(g °C))
ΔT = 32.7 °C
The final temperature of the copper is as follows:
25 °C + 32.7 °C = 57.7 °C
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Using the following reaction, determine the theoretical yield of Acetylsalicylic acid if given 2.31 grams of salicylic acid? (reminder, salicylic acid is the limiting reagent)
The theoretical yield of Acetylsalicylic acid is found out to be: 3.01 grams.
What is limiting reagent?The limiting reagent is a substance that prevents a chemical reaction from occurring completely.
When a limiting reagent is used in a chemical reaction, the atoms, molecules, or ions of the other reactant that it (the limiting reagent) reacts with will either stay free or unreacted.
What is acid?Popular compounds called acids and bases interact with one another to create salt and water. The Latin word "acere," which meaning "sour," is where the term "acid" originates.
According to the problem, we have 2.31 grams of salicylic acid. We need to determine the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid.
The molar mass of salicylic acid is 138.12 g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of salicylic acid we have is:
n = mass / molar mass
n = 2.31 g / 138.12 g/mol
n = 0.0167 mol
According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of salicylic acid reacts with 1 mole of acetic anhydride to produce 1 mole of acetylsalicylic acid. Therefore, the number of moles of acetylsalicylic acid produced is also 0.0167 mol.
The molar mass of acetylsalicylic acid is 180.16 g/mol. Therefore, the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid is:
mass = n x molar mass
mass = 0.0167 mol x 180.16 g/mol
mass = 3.01 g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid is 3.01 grams.
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Water in a truck's radiator can get hotter than 100 °C when the radiator is sealed tightly. How is it possible for water to exist as a liquid at temperatures above its normal boiling point?
the question says “preform the following unitless calculations and round the final answer to the proper number of significant figures. Assume that all the numbers came from measurements” Please help me I don’t understand
Unitless calculations and rounding the final answer to the proper number of significant figures : a) 3.323 b) 5.8 c) 42.02 d) 15.7025
What is meant by significant figures?Significant figures represent the meaningful and reliable digits in a number.
a) 3.41 - 0.086652 = 3.323348
Since both numbers have four significant figures, the final answer should also have four significant figures. Therefore, rounding the final answer to four significant figures gives: 3.323
b) 17.441 / 3 = 5.813666666666666
The least precise value in this calculation is 3, which has only one significant figure. Therefore, rounding the final answer to one significant figure gives: 5.8
c) 21.01 * 2 = 42.02
Both numbers have four significant figures, so the final answer should also have four significant figures. Therefore, the final answer is: 42.02
d) 18.7644 - 3.472 + 0.4101 = 15.7025
All three numbers have five significant figures, so the final answer should also have five significant figures. Therefore, the final answer is: 15.7025.
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The volume of a sample of a gas at 0°C is 100 liters. If the volume of the gas is increased to 200 liters at constant pressure, what is the new temperature of the gas, in K?
The new temperature of a sample of gas initially at 0°C and contains 100L is 546K.
How to calculate temperature?The temperature of a gas can be calculated using the Charles' law equation as follows:
V₁/T₁ = V₂T₂
Where;
V₁ and T₁ = initial volume and temperatureV₂ and T₂ = final volume and temperatureAccording to this question, the volume of a sample of a gas at 0°C is 100 liters. If the volume of the gas is increased to 200 liters at constant pressure, the new temperature is as follows:
100/273 = 200/T₂
200 × 273 = 100T₂
T₂ = 546K
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80.0 grams of potassium sulfate is dissolved in 320 grams of water. Find the percentage concentration
The percentage concentration of potassium sulfate in the solution is 20%.
What is Percentage Concentration?
Percentage concentration, also known as percent concentration or mass percent, is a measure of the amount of a solute present in a solution, expressed as a percentage of the total mass or volume of the solution. It is commonly used in chemistry and related fields to express the concentration of a solute in a solution.
To find the percentage concentration of potassium sulfate in the solution, we need to calculate the mass of potassium sulfate in the solution and express it as a percentage of the total mass of the solution.
Given:
Mass of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) = 80.0 g
Mass of water (H2O) = 320 g
Total mass of the solution = Mass of potassium sulfate + Mass of water
= 80.0 g + 320 g
= 400 g
Now, we can calculate the percentage concentration of potassium sulfate:
Percentage concentration = (Mass of potassium sulfate / Total mass of the solution) × 100
Percentage concentration = (80.0 g / 400 g) × 100
= 20%
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How much heat, in kJ, is required to melt 13.3 g of ice at 0°C in water at 0°C if ΔHfus for water = 6.01 kJ/mol?
The amount of heat required to melt 13.3 g of ice at 0°C in water at 0°C is approximately 4.43 kJ.
What is Heat?
Heat is a form of energy that is transferred between objects or systems as a result of a temperature difference. It is a form of energy associated with the motion of particles, such as atoms and molecules, within a substance. Heat energy is responsible for changing the temperature of a substance or causing phase transitions, such as melting, boiling, or condensing.
Given:
Mass of ice (m) = 13.3 g
ΔHfus for water = 6.01 kJ/mol
First, we need to convert the mass of ice from grams to moles, using the molar mass of water. The molar mass of water (H2O) is:
2(atomic mass of hydrogen) + atomic mass of oxygen
= 2(1.008 g/mol) + 15.999 g/mol
= 18.015 g/mol
So, moles of ice (n) = mass of ice (m) / molar mass of water
= 13.3 g / 18.015 g/mol
= 0.7386 mol
Now, we can use the formula to calculate the heat required:
Q = m * ΔHfus
= 0.7386 mol * 6.01 kJ/mol
= 4.43 kJ (rounded to two decimal places)
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2H2O(l) --> 2H2(g) + O2(g), How many moles of H2O are required to yield 22.4 L of O2 at STP?
To produce 22.4 L of O2 at STP, we need 2 moles of H2O.
What is Standard temperature and pressure ?Standard temperature and pressure (STP) is a set of reference conditions used in chemistry and physics. It is defined as a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 Kelvin) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (760 mmHg or 101.3 kPa). At STP, 1 mole of any ideal gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters.
The balanced chemical equation is :
2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
From the equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of H2O, 1 mole of O2 is produced.
At STP (standard temperature and pressure), 1 mole of any ideal gas occupies 22.4 L.
Therefore, to produce 22.4 L of O2 at STP, we need 2 moles of H2O.
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I WILL GIVE 35 POINTS TO THOSE WHO ANSWER THIS QUESTION RIGHT NOOOO SCAMS PLEASE
The molarity of the solution is 0.0156 M (or mol/L).
Does Iron(III) nitrate precipitate out as a solid?More precisely, a solution of iron(III) nitrate, will react with a solution of sodium hydroxide, to generate iron(III) hydroxide, which precipitates out of solution. The insoluble solid is not shown as ions, as you will see.
The molar mass of Iron(III) nitrate is:
Iron: 1 atom x 55.85 g/mol = 55.85 g/mol
Nitrogen: 3 atoms x 14.01 g/mol = 42.03 g/mol
Oxygen: 9 atoms x 16.00 g/mol = 144.00 g/mol
Total molar mass is equal to 241.88 g/mol (55.85 + 42.03 + 144.00).
So, the number of moles of Iron(III) nitrate in 8.55 g is:
moles = mass/molar mass = 8.55 g/241.88 g/mol = 0.0353 mol
The solution's volume in litres must then be determined. 2.26 L is listed as the volume.
The unit of measurement for molarity is moles of solute per litre of solution.
Molarity = 0.0353 mol / 2.26 L = 0.0156 M
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Device an experiment to study the dependence of rate ov precipitation of sulphur upon the nature of monobasic acid for the reaction between thiosulphate ion and hydrogen ion
The expected result of the experiment is that the rate of precipitation of sulfur will be faster with hydrogen chloride than with acetic acid.
What is Precipitation?
Precipitation refers to the process in which a substance in a solution comes out of solution and forms a solid. This occurs when the concentration of the substance exceeds its solubility limit in the solution, resulting in the formation of solid particles that settle at the bottom of the solution.
Procedure:
Prepare a series of solutions with different monobasic acids. For example, you can prepare solutions of sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) with different monobasic acids, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and nitric acid (HNO3), at a constant concentration and volume.
Place equal volumes of the thiosulphate solution and each monobasic acid solution in separate beakers or test tubes.
Start the timer or stopwatch as soon as the two solutions are mixed. The thiosulphate ions will react with the hydrogen ions from the monobasic acid, resulting in the formation of sulphur precipitate according to the following chemical equation:
S2O3^2- + 2H+ -> H2O + S + SO2
Observe the reaction and record the time taken for the formation of sulphur precipitate in each solution.
Compare the rates of precipitation of sulphur for each monobasic acid solution to study the dependence of the rate on the nature of the monobasic acid. Note any trends or differences in the rates of precipitation among the different acids used.
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If 355 mL of 0.325 M Pb(NO;)2 (molar mass 331.2 g/mol) is added to 255 mL of 0.225 M K,POA, (molar
mass 212.27 g/m), how many grams of Pb, (PO4)2 (molar mass 811.54 g/mol) precipitate will be formed? The
balanced equation is
3 Pb(NO;) (ag) + 2 K,PO, (ag) -> Pb, (POA)2 (S) + 6 KNO; (ag)
0.0385 mol
0.0287 mol
31.2 g
23.3 g
46.6 g
If 355 mL of 0.325 M Pb(NO)₂ (molar mass 331.2 g/mol) is added to 255 mL of 0.225 M K₃PO₄, (molar mass 212.27 g/m), 2.57 grams of Pb(PO₄)₂ (molar mass 811.54 g/mol) precipitate will be formed.[tex]\frac{355ml * 0.325M}{331.2 g/ml}[/tex]
What is precipitation reaction?The word "precipitation reaction" refers to a "chemical reaction occurring in an aqueous solution where two ionic bonds combine, yielding the formation of an insoluble salt." The insoluble salts produced by precipitation reactions are known as precipitates. The precipitate, a solid type of residue, is formed during precipitation reactions, which are frequently double displacement processes. When two or more solutions with different salt concentrations are combined, these reactions lead to the formation of insoluble salts that precipitate out of the solution.
One of the best examples of a precipitation reaction is the chemical interaction between potassium chloride and silver nitrate, which results in the precipitation of solid silver chloride. The insoluble salt is a result of the precipitation reaction.
The number of grams of Pb(PO4)2 precipitate that is formed can be calculated using the following equation:
Moles Pb(NO₃)₂ x Molar Mass Pb(PO₄)₂ / Moles K₃PO₄ = Grams of Pb(PO₄)₂
So the calculation is:
[tex]\frac{355ml * 0.325M}{331.2 g/ml}[/tex] x [tex]\frac{811.54g/mol}{255ml * 212.27g/mol}[/tex]) = 2.57 g Pb(PO₄)₂
Therefore, 2.57 g of Pb(PO₄)₂will be formed when 355 mL of 0.325 M Pb(NO₃)₂ and 255 mL of 0.225 M K₃PO₄ is mixed.
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A phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution is 14.8 M with a density of 1.71 g/mL.
a) Determine the molality of the solution.
b) Determine the percent by mass of H3PO4 in the solution.
Dilute laboratory bench reagents are generally 6.0 M. What volume of dilute HCI must be used to prepare 500 mL of 0.25 M HCI?
Answer:
Volume required ≈ 20.8 mL
Dilutions:When a solution is diluted, the total number of moles of solute (n), does not change. Only the total solution volume changes. As n=cV (molarity formula, where n = moles, c = concentration, V = volume), then the value of cV is a constant when diluting solutions. This can be expressed by the ratio:
c₁V₁ = c₂V₂, where subscripts 1 and 2 represent the concentrated and dilute solutions.
To dilute a solution of 6.0 M HCl to 0.25 M with a total volume of 0.500 L, we can use the dilution formula, where initial and final concentrations = 6.0 M and 0.25 M respectively, and final volume = 0.500 L (500 mL).
Hence, 6.0×V₁ = 0.25×0.500 = 0.125
V₁ = 0.125/6.0 = 0.02083 L
Therefore, the volume we require is ≈ 20.8 mL
2Li + 1Fe(NO3)2 = 1Fe + 2LiNO3
How many moles of iron (II) nitrate would be needed to produce 4 moles of lithium nitrate?
Total, 2 moles of iron (II) nitrate would be needed to produce a 4 moles of lithium nitrate.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is;
2Li + 1Fe(NO₃)₂ → 1Fe + 2LiNO₃
From this equation, we can see that 2 moles of lithium nitrate are produced for every 1 mole of iron (II) nitrate used.
To determine how many moles of iron (II) nitrate are needed to produce 4 moles of lithium nitrate, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation;
moles of LiNO₃ = 4
moles of Fe(NO₃)₂ = (4 mol LiNO₃) x (1 mol Fe(NO₃)₂ / 2 mol LiNO₃)
= 2 mol Fe(NO₃)₂
Therefore, 2 moles of iron (II) nitrate is needed to produce 4 moles of lithium nitrate.
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Which enthalpy of the reaction of the following equations is the same as the enthalpy of formation?
Ni (s) + ½ O, (g) -> NiO (s)
CO (g) + ½ O2 (g) -> CO2 (g)
.
KOH (s) -> K+ (ag) + OH (ag)
2 H (g) + Se (s) -> HaSe (g)
2 Fe (s) + 3 Cla (g) -> 2 FeCl, (s)
Enthalpy of the reaction of the following equation is the same as the enthalpy of formation. 2 Fe (s) + 3 Cla (g) → 2 FeCl (s).
What is Enthalpy of the reaction?The difference between total reactant and total product molar enthalpies, computed for substances in their standard states, is the standard enthalpy of reaction for a chemical reaction. As long as the enthalpy of mixing is taken into consideration as well, this can then be used to forecast the total chemical bond energy liberated or bound during reaction.
A reaction's standard enthalpy is defined so that it solely depends on the conditions that are prescribed for it, rather than just on the actual circumstances in which reactions take place. The two main circumstances in which thermochemical measurements are actually performed.
What is enthalpy of formation?The change in enthalpy during the synthesis of 1 mole of a compound from its component elements in their reference state, with all substances in their standard states, is known as the standard enthalpy of formation or standard heat of formation of a compound. The IUPAC recommends using the standard pressure value of 105 Pa (100 kPa = 1 bar), while previous to 1982, the value of 1 atm (101.325 kPa) was used.
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Listen A gas mixture contains O2. N₂, and Ar at partial pressures of 100, 150, and 200 torr, respectively. If CO2 gas is added to the mixture until the total pressure reaches 575 torr, what is the partial pressure of the CO₂? 575 torr 125 torr 450 torr 0.50 M E
We can start by using Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures, which states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas component.
Let PCO2 be the partial pressure of CO2 in the mixture after it is added. Then, we can set up the following equation:
PO2 + PN2 + PAr + PCO2 = Ptotal
Substituting in the given partial pressures and total pressure, we get:
100 torr + 150 torr + 200 torr + PCO2 = 575 torr
Simplifying the equation, we get:
PCO2 = 575 torr - 100 torr - 150 torr - 200 torr
PCO2 = 125 torr
Therefore, the partial pressure of CO2 in the gas mixture is 125 torr. Answer: B) 125 torr.
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Li₃PO₄ + 3 Zn(NO₃)₂ → 3 LiNO₃ + Zn₃(PO₄)₂. In this balanced equation, one of the products is Zn₃(PO₄)₂. To ensure that the equation is balanced, we need 3 moles of Zn(NO₃)₂ for every 1 mole of Li₃PO₄.
What is product in any given reaction?In a chemical reaction, a product is a substance that is formed as a result of the chemical reaction. It is the end result of a chemical reaction, and it is produced by the rearrangement of atoms and/or ions of the reactants.
In the given equation, we end up with 1 mole of Zn₃(PO₄)₂ for every 3 moles of Zn₃(PO₄)₂. This means that the molar ratio of Zn₃(PO₄)₂ to Zn₃(PO₄)₂ is 1:3, indicating that we need three times as much Zn₃(PO₄)₂ as Zn₃(PO₄)₂ to balance the equation. Therefore, one of the products, Zn₃(PO₄)₂, must be produced in a smaller quantity than the other product, LiNO₃.
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A scientist hiking in a desert observes a cliff. The scientist makes a drawing of the layers of rock in the cliff and the types of fossils observed in the layers. Based on observations, the scientist determines layers 3 and 5 were formed from cooled lava. The scientist's drawing is shown above.
Identify the oldest layer in the rock cliff and explain your reasoning for the layer chosen.
Due to the principle of overlay, in an intact sequence of sedimentary stones, every single layer of rock is elder that the one above and younger that the one below it, with the oldest rocks at the bottom as the latest ones at the top
How did you identify the initial layering on the rock's layers diagram?The multiple vertical layers of sedimentary material demonstrate the original horizontality concept (see Figure below). The law in deposition states that the youngest layers of rocks occupy the highest point whereas the earliest were at the bottom.
According to the rule on combination, how might the earliest slabs of rock get found?The Theory of superposition, that asserts that in an unbroken horizontal succession of rocks, the most ancient layers are on the bottom, and gradually younger ones on top, aids geologists in correlating rock strata all around the world.
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when 1.24g of an oxygenated hydrocarbon is burned in excess oxygen, 1.76g of carbon dioxide and 1.08g of water vapor are obtained. what is the empirical formula of the compound?
The empirical formula of the oxygenated hydrocarbon is CH2O.
To find the empirical formula of the oxygenated hydrocarbonWe need to determine the mole ratios of the elements present in the compound using the given masses and the molar masses of the elements.
First, we need to find the moles of carbon dioxide and water vapor produced in the reaction:
moles of CO2 = 1.76 g / 44.01 g/mol = 0.0400 mol CO2
moles of H2O = 1.08 g / 18.02 g/mol = 0.0599 mol H2O
Next, we need to find the moles of carbon and hydrogen in the compound. We can do this by using the masses of carbon dioxide and water vapor produced, the molar masses of the elements, and the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of hydrocarbons:
CxHyOz + (x + y/4 - z/2) O2 -> x CO2 + (y/2) H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that the mole ratio of carbon to carbon dioxide is 1:1, and the mole ratio of hydrogen to water vapor is (1/2):(1/2) or 1:1. Therefore:
moles of C = moles of CO2 = 0.0400 mol CO2
moles of H = 2 × moles of H2O = 0.1198 mol H2O
Finally, we can find the mole ratio of carbon to hydrogen in the compound:
mol ratio of C to H = (moles of C) / (moles of H) = 0.0400 mol CO2 / 0.1198 mol H2O ≈ 0.334
To get whole numbers for the mole ratio, we can multiply both sides by a common factor, such as 3:
mol ratio of C to H ≈ 0.334 ≈ 1/3
mol ratio of C to H = 1
mol ratio of O to H = (moles of O) / (moles of H) = (moles of CxHyOz - moles of C - moles of H) / (moles of H) = (0.0400 mol CO2 + 0.0599 mol H2O - 0.0400 mol C - 0.1198 mol H) / 0.1198 mol H = 0.213
To get whole numbers for the mole ratio, we can multiply both sides by a common factor, such as 5:
mol ratio of O to H ≈ 0.213 ≈ 2/9
mol ratio of O to H = 2
Therefore, the empirical formula of the oxygenated hydrocarbon is CH2O.
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Consider this unbalanced equation: Na₂Cr₂O7+ HCI → CrCl3 + NaCl + Cl₂ + H₂O
a. If we introduce 12g of HCl into this equation, how many moles of sodium
chloride are produced?
b. If we introduce 2.1 moles of sodium dichromate into this reaction, how many
moles of chromium (III) chloride are produced?
a. On introducing 12g of HCl, 0.047 moles of sodium chloride are produced and b. On introducing 2.1 moles of sodium dichromate, 4.2 moles of chromium (III) chloride are produced.
How to calculate number of moles of a molecule?Number of moles = Mass of the molecule (in grams) / Molar mass of the molecule (in grams per mole)
a. To solve this problem, we need to balance the chemical equation first:
Na₂Cr₂O7 + 14HCl → 2CrCl₃ + 2NaCl + 7Cl₂ + 7H₂O
The balanced equation shows that for every 14 moles of HCl, 2 moles of NaCl are produced.
So, to find the number of moles of NaCl produced from 12g of HCl, we first need to convert grams to moles using the molar mass of HCl.
Molar mass of HCl = 1.008 + 35.453 = 36.461 g/mol
Number of moles of HCl = mass / molar mass = 12g / 36.461 g/mol = 0.329 mol
Now, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the number of moles of NaCl produced:
2 moles NaCl / 14 moles HCl * 0.329 mol HCl = 0.047 moles NaCl
Therefore, 0.047 moles of sodium chloride are produced.
b. Using the balanced equation from part a, we can see that the mole ratio between sodium dichromate and chromium (III) chloride is 1:2.
So, if 2.1 moles of sodium dichromate are introduced, we can find the number of moles of chromium (III) chloride produced by multiplying the number of moles of sodium dichromate by the mole ratio:
2.1 moles Na₂Cr₂O₇ * 2 moles CrCl₃ / 1 mole Na₂Cr₂O₇ = 4.2 moles CrCl₃
Therefore, 4.2 moles of chromium (III) chloride are produced.
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Part c moles of base in antacid sample
Mole base In antacid/mass of antacid sample
Average molole base in antacid/mass of antacid sample
An antacid tablet's CaCO content should be between 25 and 35% by mass.
To completely neutralise 20 ml of HCl solution, 19.85 ml of 0.01 M NaOH solution is required.
How many moles of NaOH are required for neutralisation?It is a neutralisation reaction in which sodium hydroxide, a basic, interacts with to form salt sodium phosphate, which is salt and water. According to the stoichiometric mole ratio, three moles of sodium hydroxide are needed to neutralise one mole of phosphoric acid.
To calculate the amount of moles of acid neutralised by the tablet, subtract the number of moles of acid neutralised in the titration from the starting solution's moles of acid.
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a metal worker used a cutting torch that operated by reacting acetylene gas with oxygen gas, as shown in the unbalanced equation below. balance the following equation for the reaction of acetylene and oxygen, using the smallest whole-number coefficients. (the values are 1,2,3,4,5)
The balanced equation for the reaction of acetylene (C₂H₂) and oxygen (O₂) is; 2 C₂H₂(g) + 5 O₂(g) → 4 CO₂(g) + 2 H₂O(g) + heat
The coefficients in the balanced equation represent the stoichiometric ratio of the reactants and products in the chemical reaction. In this case, 2 molecules of acetylene (C₂H₂) react with 5 molecules of oxygen (O₂) to produce 4 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and 2 molecules of water (H₂O), along with the release of heat.
The balanced equation shows that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the sides of the equation, in accordance with the law of conservation of mass.
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What is the volume of a 3.00 M solution made with 4.70 moles of LIF?
Consequently, 1.57 litres is the volume of a 3.00 M solution prepared using 4.70 moles of LIF.
Why is 1.5 M solution important?Probably the most often used unit of measurement for solution concentration is molarity, abbreviated as (M). The ratio of the number of litres of solution to the number of moles of solvent is known as molarity. For instance, we may use the terms "1.5 molar solution" or "1.5 M" to describe a solution.
To calculate the volume of a 3.00 M solution made with 4.70 moles of LIF, we can use the formula:
Molarity is equal to the moles of solute times the litres of solution.
Rearranging the formula to solve for the volume of the solution, we get:
Volume of solution = moles of solute ÷ (Molarity x 1000)
Where 1000 is the conversion factor from milliliters to liters.
Plugging in the values given, we get:
Volume of solution = 4.70 moles ÷ (3.00 mol/L x 1000)
Volume of solution = 1.57 L
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PLS help ill mark you as brainlist
High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a method used in chemistry and biochemistry to purify chemical substances. The pressures used in this procedure range from around 500 kilopascals (500,000 Pa ) to about 60,000 kPa (60,000,000 Pa ). It is often convenient to know the pressure in torr. If an HPLC procedure is running at a pressure of 2.09×108 Pa, what is its running pressure in torr?
Express the pressure numerically in torr.
The running pressure of the HPLC procedure in torr is approximately 2068.2687 torr.
What is Chromatography?
Chromatography is a technique used to separate, identify, and analyze the components of a mixture based on their differential affinities to a stationary phase and a mobile phase. It is widely used in chemistry, biochemistry, pharmaceuticals, environmental science, forensics, and other fields for purification, separation, and analysis of chemical compounds.
To convert pressure from pascals (Pa) to torr, we can use the following conversion:
1 torr = 101325 Pa
So, to convert the pressure from pascals to torr, we can divide the pressure in pascals by 101325.
Given:
Pressure in pascals (Pa) = 2.09 × [tex]10^{8}[/tex] Pa
Using the conversion factor:
Pressure in torr = (2.09 × [tex]10^{8}[/tex]Pa) / 101325 Pa/torr
Calculating the numerical value in torr:
Pressure in torr = 2068.2687 torr (rounded to four decimal places)
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what happens to the egg salad sandwich once inside the students body
The pH of the student's stomach acid can affect the egg salad sandwich once inside the student's body in several ways. When the sandwich enters the stomach, the hydrochloric acid (HCl) present in the stomach acid starts to break down the proteins and other components of the sandwich.
The optimal pH range for the activity of the digestive enzyme pepsin, which breaks down protein, is between pH 1.5 and 2.5, so the acidic environment of the stomach acid is necessary for proper digestion of the sandwich. Additionally, the acidic environment of the stomach can denature and break down any harmful bacteria that might be present in the sandwich, reducing the risk of foodborne illness.
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--The complete Question is, How does the pH of the student's stomach acid affect the egg salad sandwich once inside the student's body? --
When 33.6 g of NO and 26.9 g of O, reacted together, the actual NO, product obtained was 20.2g, What was
the percent yield for the reaction?
2 NO (g) + O2 (g) -> 2 NO2 (g)
The percent yield for the reaction is 13.1%. it is the weight of the product that was obtained to the theoretical yield as a percentage.
What is revealed by the yield percentage?The percentage yield is the figure computed to represent the discrepancy between the theoretical yield and the actual yield of an experiment. Both the desired products and the by-products are produced when experimenting with various solutions or when preparing chemical solutions.
We must convert the amounts of NO and O2 to moles since 1 mol of NO reacts with 1/2 mol of O2:
moles of NO = 33.6 g / 30.01 g/mol = 1.12 mol
moles of O2 = 26.9 g / 32.00 g/mol = 0.84 mol
Since O2 is limiting, Our calculations will be based on the amount of oxygen present.
moles of NO2 = 0.84 mol O2 × (2 mol NO2 / 1 mol O2) × (2 mol NO / 1 mol NO2)
= 3.36 mol NO2
The molar mass of NO2 is 46.01 g/mol,
the theoretical yield in grams is:
mass of NO2 = 3.36 mol × 46.01 g/mol = 154.34 g
percent yield = (20.2 g / 154.34 g) × 100% = 13.1%
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0.12g of compound "Y" dissolves in 10mlof acetone at 25 degree celsuis and 0.85g of the same compound dissolves in 10ml of boiling acetone. what volume of acetone would be required to purify a 5.0g sample of compound?
The volume of acetone would be required to purify a 5.0g sample of compound is 58.82ml
Volume calculation.
Let use the solubility data of acetone provided to calculate the volume.
First we will need to calculate the solubility of Y in 25 degree.
Solubility of Y= 0.12g/10ml= 0.012g/ml.
Solubility of y in boiling acetone = 0.85g/10ml =0.085g/ml.
In order to purify y, we need to dissolve the amount of y in the 5.0g sample.
The amount of acetone needed to dissolve y in the sample is
amount acetone= mass of y/ solubility of y in boiling acetone.
amount acetone= 5.0g/0.085g/ml= 58.82ml.
Therefore, the volume of acetone would be required to purify a 5.0g sample of compound is 58.82ml
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Choose the properties that the following element may have based n its location in the periodic table.
Magnesium (Mg):
- dull
- less reactive than sodium
- a gas
3. 20.0 grams of NaHCO3 decomposes following the balanced reaction below. How many grams of H2O will you form? Show all work. 2 NaHCO3 → H2O + CO2 + Na2CO3
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 2.14 grams of H₂O are formed when 20.0 grams of NaHCO₃ decomposes.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 NaHCO₃ → H₂O + CO₂ + Na₂CO₃
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
NaHCO₃: 2 moleH₂O: 1 moleCO₂: 1 moleNa₂CO₃: 1 moleThe molar mass of the compounds is:
NaHCO₃: 84 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleCO₂: 44 g/moleNa₂CO₃: 106 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
NaHCO₃: 2 moles ×84 g/mole= 168 gramsH₂O: 1 mole ×18 g/mole= 18 gramsCO₂: 1 mole ×44 g/mole= 44 gramsNa₂CO₃: 1 mole ×106 g/mole= 106 gramsMass of H₂O formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 168 grams of NaHCO₃ form 18 grams of H₂O, 20 grams of NaHCO₃ form how much mass of H₂O?
mass of H₂O= (20 grams of NaHCO₃× 18 grams of H₂O)÷168 grams of NaHCO₃
mass of H₂O= 2.14 grams
Finally, 2.14 grams of H₂O are formed.
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