Political scientists have generally found that judges' ideologies and beliefs are the strongest indicators of how judges vote, especially in difficult cases.
Are Supreme Court Justices Ideological?The graph shows that since their 1938 term, all chief justices (black line), with the exception of Earl Warren and John Roberts (circa 2020 onwards), have more conservative ideological leanings than the middle court judges.
What do judges interpret?The Supreme Court may hear appeals on any legal matter in which it has jurisdiction, but it does not normally hear judicial proceedings. Instead, the court's job is to interpret the meaning of statutes, determine whether statutes are relevant to a particular issue, or determine how statutes should be applied.
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For most taxes, showing direct benefit is problematic. Benefit received is more applicable to which of the following?-service charges or fees-value added taxes-intangible consumer benefits-sales taxes
For most taxes, showing direct benefit is problematic. Benefit received is more applicable to the following service charges or fees.
Which of the following taxes is determined by the benefits received principle, according to the quiz?The benefits-received theory of taxation underlies the personal income tax.
Of the following, which is a consumer tax?Retail sales taxes, excise taxes, value-added taxes, use taxes, taxes on gross business earnings, and import tariffs are a few types of consumption taxes. Customers that purchase goods or services at a higher retail price must pay these taxes.
What services are provided by tax revenue?The other expenditures go toward funding public education, building essential infrastructure like roads, bridges, and airports, caring for farms, the environment, and scientific and medical research, as well as other fundamental responsibilities of the federal government.
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In a review engagement, the accountant should establish an understanding with the entity regarding the services to be performed. The understanding should include all of the following except a
provision that any errors, fraud, or noncompliance with laws and regulations that come to the accountant's attention need not be reported to the entity
Provision that any errors, fraud, or noncompliance with laws and regulations that come to the accountant's attention need not be reported to the entity.Thus correct option (D).
A review engagement is a type of engagement that provides a limited level of assurance that a company's financial statements comply with the applicable financial reporting framework. It gives users limited assurance on the accuracy or correctness of financial statements.
The goal of a review engagement is to review the financial statements and provide an opinion on whether the financial statements are free of material errors or fraud as a whole. Reasonable assurance is greater than limited assurance.
While an audit is intended to provide some assurance that the financial statements are free of material misstatements, a review engagement is only intended to determine whether the financial statements are credible or plausible.
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Full Question :In a review engagement, the accountant should establish an understanding with the entity regarding the services to be performed. The understanding should include all of the following except a
Description of the nature and limitations of the services to be performed.
Description of the report the accountant expects to issue.
Provision that the engagement cannot be relied upon to disclose errors, fraud, or noncompliance with laws and regulations.
Provision that any errors, fraud, or noncompliance with laws and regulations that come to the accountant's attention need not be reported to the entity.
label each action as an example of either the trustee or delegate model of representation.
a. A representative pays fairly little attention to polling or to the requests of constituents and votes in accordance to his own personal preferences on most bills.- Trustee
b. A representative is aware that most of his constituents support rules allowing school vouchers; he votes for those rules despite his own reservations.-Delegate
c.Although she knows it will be very unpopular at home, a representative votes to close a defense industry factory in her district.-Trustee
d. A representative is petitioned by a vocal minority of her constituents to vote in a certain way; though the majority opinion in the district is unknown, the representative votes as that minority wants. -Delegate
a. A representative generally pays little attention to public opinion surveys or constituent requests and votes the majority of the time in accordance with his personal inclinations. the Trustee
b. Despite having his own reservations, a politician votes in favor of regulations enabling school vouchers knowing that the majority of his people agree with them-Delegate
c. A legislator votes to shut down a military sector factory in her constituency even though she is aware of how unpopular the decision will be at home-Trustee
d. Despite not knowing what the district's majority opinion is, a representative votes in accordance with the wishes of a vociferous minority of her constituents who beg her to do so -Delegate
Those who handle and manage assets or property on behalf of another party are known as trustees. In some retirement or pension systems, a trustee may be appointed to manage assets on behalf of third parties in the case of bankruptcy or for other purposes.
Trustees have a fiduciary duty to the beneficiaries, which means they manage their assets in their best interests. They must make judgments that are in the beneficiaries' best interests.
An individual chosen to represent a group of people in a political assembly in the United States is known as a delegate.
Different political bodies elect delegates of different types. To represent a US territory's and its citizens' interests in the US Congress, delegates are chosen. Some US states are also governed by a House of Delegates or comparable parliamentary body, whose members are referred to as elected delegates.
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in the context of james anderson's policy-making cycle, if the full cycle occurs, then the policy
The policy-making cycle happens when people in general assesses the new policy and communicates either their fulfillment or dissatisfaction with it.
The policy process is typically conceptualized as successive parts or stages. These are (1) problem emergence, (2) agenda setting, (3) consideration of policy options, (3) decision-making, (5) implementation, and (6) evaluation (Jordan and Adelle, 2012). According to this 'reading material' perspective on policy, natural gatherings should initially get a specific problem on the agenda for discussion and, if conceivable, consideration by policy makers. Policy makers then, at that point, select the best game-plan based on expert advice, make the policy, then, at that point, hand it to administrators for implementation. This stage-based view underscores that policy is a process including a wide range of parts of government. Be that as it may, by and by, policy issues are interconnected, policy makers mishandle around for arrangements with regards to extraordinary vulnerability and numerous inward and outer limitations.
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which of the following is a noncompensatory decision rule? group of answer choices a. conjunctive b. disjunctive .c lexicographic d. elimination-by-aspects e. all of the above
Conjunctive, disjunctive, elimination-by-aspects, and lexicographic are noncompensatory decision rules. The correct answer is E all of the above.
When good performance on one evaluation criterion does not offset or compensate for bad performance on another evaluative criterion of the brand, decision rules are said to be non compensatory. The consumer may employ a variety of non-compensatory rules. The summary of each kind is as follows.
Disjunctive rule:This strategy is employed when the consumer sets performance minimums that all brands must adhere to. Any brand that surpasses the minimal requirement on any criterion will be considered acceptable. The decision criteria will thereafter be to choose the brand that outperforms the competition on the chosen criterion by the biggest margin.
Conjunctive RuleAccording to the conjunctive decision rule, each brand attribute must have minimal levels of acceptability established by the consumer. Therefore, a cutoff point below which brands would not be further investigated will be established for each evaluation factor of importance to the buyer.
lexicographic:This expansion of the disjunctive decision rule enables the choice to include more evaluation factors as needed. As a result, other evaluation criteria will be evaluated in their order of importance if a decision cannot be determined by evaluating the most essential criterion.
elimination by aspecta decision-making theory that claims a choice is made after a series of eliminations. The decision-maker chooses one characteristic or attribute that is deemed important at each stage and eliminates alternatives that don't have it. The procedure continues until there is only one option left, at which point the next most crucial attribute is chosen.
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Which of the following statements about factors that may affect eyewitness testimony are accurate and which are not? -Accurate Statement(s);-Inaccurate Statement(s)
Accurate Statements : Whether or not an eyewitness is certain they can identify a culprit usually has no bearing on their accuracy.
Who is a witness?A witness can be regarded as a person who possesses information about an issue, whether they have sensed it or are testifying on behalf of another witness, in court. In the law, a witness is someone who, freely or under duress, offers testimonial evidence—either oral or written—of what they know or claim to know.
In a legal action, a witness may be required to testify in court, before a grand jury, an administrative tribunal, before a deposition officer, or in a number of other settings. A subpoena is a legal instrument that requires someone to show up for a hearing. It is employed in court to force a witness' testimony.
Inaccurate Statement: Witnesses are less accurate than those who take more time when identifying suspects from images or a lineup.Eyewitnesses are more adept at identifying criminals when they can precisely describe the specifics of the crime scene.Witnesses' ability to correctly identify the criminal is improved when they contribute to the creation of a face composite..To know more about, witness, visit :
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14. john has inherited 300 acres of land in texas. since he has no reason to visit texas, he has never seen the land. alex and samantha have moved onto the land and built a log home. they have started using the land and have even fenced much of it in. there is no mortgage on the land and john doesn't receive a tax bill because alex and samantha pay the yearly taxes. after the statutory period in texas has run, alex and samantha would become the owners of the land.
Option 4 is Correct. Texas property totaling 300 acres has been left to John. John doesn't get a tax bill because Alex and Samantha pay the yearly taxes, he has no incentive to travel to Texas, and there is no mortgage on the property.
Around San Felipe de Austin, the colony's hub, which served as the center for the majority of the labors, three groups were organized. From the area of present-day Brenham, Navasota, and La Grange to the Gulf of Mexico, the colonists chose the rich bottomlands of the Brazos, Colorado, and San Bernard rivers. The colonization agreement stipulated that each agricultural family would acquire one labor (about 177 acres), and each ranching family would receive one sitio (about 4,428 acres).
Although they were legally planters, a sizable portion of the colonists identified as stock raisers due to the evident benefits. As a result, the east bank of the Brazos from the Gulf to what is now Brazos County was quickly completely populated. Each family's sitio was to have a frontage on the river equal to about one-fourth of its length.
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Correct Question:
John has inherited 300 acres of land in texas. since he has no reason to visit texas,
1. he has never seen the land.
2. alex and samantha have moved onto the land and built a log home.
3. they have started using the land and have even fenced much of it in.
4. there is no mortgage on the land and john doesn't receive a tax bill because alex and samantha pay the yearly taxes.
5. after the statutory period in texas has run, alex and samantha would become the owners of the land.
The president has the duty to fully execute the laws of the land, including those in the constitution, all acts of congress, and the obligations of treaties. True or Flase
The given statement is true, that is the President has the duty to fully execute the laws of the land, including those in the constitution, all acts of congress, and the obligations of treaties.
The Executive Branch is under the supervision of the President of the United States, who also serves as head of state and military commander-in-chief. The President appoints the leaders of all government agencies, including the Cabinet, to carry out and uphold the laws set by Congress. The Vice President is qualified to take over as President in an emergency because they are both members of the Executive Branch. Daily implementation and enforcement of federal law are the responsibility of the Cabinet and independent federal agencies. As different from one another as the Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency, the Social Security Administration and the Securities and Exchange Commission, are these divisions' and organizations' goals.
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which u.s. supreme court case removed mandatory life without the possibility of parole for juvenile offenders who had committed homicide?
the sherman antitrust act states that if a person can prove that he was damaged by an illegal arrangement to restrain trade, he could sue and recover three times the damages he sustained.
It is false, the Sherman antitrust act does not state that if a person can prove that he was damaged by an illegal arrangement to restrain trade, he could sue and recover three times the damages he sustained.
About Sherman antitrust act
Any contract, trust, or the conspiracy that restrains domestic or international trade is illegal under the Sherman Antitrust Act. Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was amended by the United States Congress in 1914, passing the Clayton Antitrust Act, which adds more detail and substance. Contracts, alliances, and plots that restrained trade were illegal. Due to the act's purposefully ambiguous language, which Congress purposefully used to appease the people rather than actually curb corporate power, it proved ineffectual.
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congressional elections that occur in the even-numbered years between presidential election years, in the middle of a president s term, are
Midterm Elections are the congressional elections held in the middle of the president's term, in the even-numbered years between presidential election years.
A midterm election is a particular kind of election in which the electorate can choose their representatives in the midst of the tenure of the executive or of another group of members. In Georgia, elections are held to fill a variety of state and federal positions. Every even year, regular elections are held in Georgia.
Every six years, elections for the president and vice president are held. Election days that do not result in the election of the president, vice president, or barangay officials are referred to as "midterm elections," whereas election days that do result in the election of the president and vice president are referred to as "presidential elections."
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The governor can grant appointments to executive boards and commissions, but these appointments must be confirmed by
a. the voters.
b. no one.
c. the state Senate.
d. the lieutenant governor.
Executive boards and commissions can be appointed by the Governor, but the state Senate must ratify these nominations.
Governors are in charge of carrying out state legislation and directing how the state executive branch is run in their capacity as state managers. As state leaders, governors can pursue new and modified policies and programs through a variety of tools, such as executive orders, executive budgets, legislative bills, and vetoes. Governors act as the state's intergovernmental representative to the federal government as the state's chiefs. Governors are supported and helped by department and agency heads, many of whom they have the power to choose, in achieving their management and leadership goals. Most governors have the authority to choose judges for state courts from a list of nominees supplied by a nominations committee.
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those systems that provide information needed for supervisory, allocation, strategic, tactical, policy, and administrative decisions are .
Management information systems are those that offer the data required for administrative, policy, strategic, tactical, and allocation decisions.
- The study of people, technology, organizations, and their relationships is known as management information systems (MIS). MIS specialists assist businesses in getting the most out of their investments in people, technology, and operational procedures. MIS is a people-focused industry with a focus on providing services through technology.
- Transaction examples include billing, processing orders for an online store, and processing payroll. Management Support Systems (MSS) enable end users to produce reports and analyze data to satisfy company needs and guide planning by storing and organizing data.
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another reason why eugenics is wrong is that it is ultimately a form of discrimination, punishing people for traits they are born with and have no control over. for example, if a particular ethnic group, or those with a particular disability, were to be chosen for selective breeding, this would be a clear violation of human rights and could lead to a host of social, economic and medical problems.
The factually incorrect ideology of Eugenics holds that humans can be made better by selectively breeding populations.
Eugenics is a controversial set of ideas and methods intended to improve the genetic makeup of the human population. Eugenicists have historically attempted to alter human cistron pools by removing individuals and groups that they deemed to be inferior or elevating those they deemed to be superior. The word has recently come back into use in bioethical discussions about the application of cutting-edge technologies like CRISPR and genetic screening, sparking a contentious debate over whether or not these technologies should be referred to be life science.
The idea predates the name; circa 400 BC, Plato proposed that people could benefit from selective breeding. Early eugenics proponents in the nineteenth century saw it as a means of improving populations.
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True or False
Our federal government uses a triad approach to maintain checks and balances to ensure no branch of government holds greater power than the other.
Our federal government employs a triangle strategy to uphold checks and balances, ensuring that no branch of government has more authority than the others. It's accurate to say this.
What three legal authority does the federal government have?The U.S. Constitution gives Congress, the President, and the Federal courts, in that order, control over the three separate branches that make up the Federal Government: legislative, executive, and judicial.
Is there a system of checks and balances between the federal and state governments?A State's budget is also approved by the legislature, along with articles of impeachment and tax laws. The latter is a component of a three-branch check-and-balance system that mimics the federal structure and guards against abuse of authority by any branch.
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the following u.s. territory is in washington, d.c. represented by an individual with the title of resident commissioner rather than delegate?
DC chooses a non-voting representative to the US House of Representatives who can propose legislation but cannot cast a ballot. Washington, DC is currently represented by Congresswoman Eleanor Holmes Norton. DC residents cannot speak in Senate Committees or on the Senate floor.
Are there representatives from Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico?There are currently six non-voting members: one representative for each of the other four populated US Territories, including American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the US Vir-gin Islands; a resident commissioner for Puerto Rico; and one representative for the federal district of Washington, D.C.
Why are citizens of Washington, DC, not permitted to cast a ballot in Congress?According to the Constitution, each state is given voting representation in both houses of the US Congress. Since it is not a state but the capital of the country, the District of Columbia does not have voting representation in Congress.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. on the basis of the resource___model, we can analyze intergroup political behavior by examining how critical resources are controlled and shared.
On the basis of the resource dependence model, we can analyze intergroup political behavior by examining how critical resources are controlled and shared.
The study of how an organization's external resources influence its behavior is known as resource dependence theory (RDT). An essential component of any company's strategic and tactical management is the acquisition of outside resources.
However, it wasn't until the 1970s with the publication of The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective that a theory of the effects of this importance was developed (Pfeffer and Salancik 1978).
Resource dependence theory has ramifications for many different facets of organizational strategy, including the best way to divide up an organization, hiring of board members and staff, production techniques, contract structures, external organizational ties, and many others.
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TRUE/FALSE. under the truth in lending act, creditors have a week to notify consumers of their right to cancel the transaction.
Under the truth in lending act, creditors have a week to notify consumers of their right to cancel the transaction True.
What of the Truth in Lending Act is accurate?You are protected from unreliable and dishonest credit invoicing and credit card practices by the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). It mandates that lenders give you information on loan costs so you can shop around for specific sorts of loans.
Does a purchase have a three day right of revocation?The three-day right of revocation period starts as soon as three events take place, which are normally all at the time the loan closes: You put your hand on the promissory note. The closing disclosure, also known as the Truth in Lending Act (TILA) disclosure document, has been provided to you.
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donald trump is being investigated for breaking securities laws regarding his nft trading cards.
a. true
b. false
Donald trump is being investigated for breaking securities laws regarding his nft trading cards.
The statement is True
The SEC and federal prosecutors in New York are investigating claims made by a co-founder that Trump's media company violated the securities laws. An insider claims that Truth Social is deceiving its investors. A former executive of Truth Social's parent company filed a complaint alleging that Trump Media & Technology Group violated securities laws, and federal investigators are looking into the claim.Know more about the NFT trading cards at: brainly.com/question/29993495
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the administrator is empowered to petition a court of law to impose which of the following on an investment adviser for criminal violation of the uniform securities act?
The Uniform Securities Act empowers the State Administrator to conduct an investigation of an investment advise
All of the Uniform Securities Act has the authority to enforce the state's securities administrator. The registration of a security can be further denied, revoked, or suspended by the state securities administrator.Unless the context otherwise dictates, as used in Sections 36b-2 to 36b-34,-A person other than a broker-dealer who represents a broker-dealer or issuer in carrying out or attempting to carry out purchases or sells of securities is referred to as a "agent."To know more about Security here
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what freedoms are guaranteed to united states citizens through the bill of rights?
Contrary to federal fair housing laws, the state where Katrine lives includes age as a protected class. Which of these statements about this conflict is true?
a law that makes it illegal for persons under the age of 21 to drive with any amount of alcohol in their blood is
under the equal pay act, an employer can legitimately pay different wages to male and female employees on the basis of.....
Answer:
a seniority system, a merit system, a system that measures earnings by quantity or quality of production, or any other factor other than sex.
During an employee’s leave under the Family and Medical Leave Act, an employer must continue to compensate the employee to avoid the potential negative effect of unpaid leave on interstate commerce.
Group of answer choices
False
True
This claim is untrue because the Family Medical Leave Act requires employers to continue paying their workers while they are on leave in order to mitigate any potential effects of absence.
According to the Family Medical Leave Act, qualified employees of covered businesses are entitled to unpaid, job-protected leaves of absence for qualifying family and medical needs, with group health insurance coverage continuing under the same terms and circumstances as if the employee had not taken the leave.
Who or what is the employer?
An organization, firm, government agency, business, consultant, nonprofit, small business, merchant, or individual who hires or places a person known as an employee and specifically a female employee to work is considered to be the employer.
How might a potential employer appear?
More specifically, an employer is a company, organization, government agency, non-profit, consulting firm, small business, retailer, or individual who employs or otherwise places people who may be referred to as employees or staff members to work.
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recently, many cities have attempted to pass laws taxing the sale of sugary drinks such as soda pop. if one of these laws passes, we would expect
Recently, numerous communities have tried to enact legislation that would tax the sale of sugary beverages like soda. If one of these legislation is passed, we would anticipate a leftward change in the demand curve for soda.
According to the law of supply and demand, the connection between supply and demand determines pricing. Prices will decrease if there is a surplus of an item or service compared to the demand for it. Prices will increase if demand outpaces supply.
The rules of supply and demand are the foundations for the law of supply and demand in economics. According to the law of supply, businesses expand their supply of goods and services when prices increase because they may make more money. According to the law of demand, consumers make fewer purchases as prices rise.
A free market should, in theory, strive towards an equilibrium quantity and price where supply and demand converge. As supply and demand converge, a free market will eventually gravitate toward an equilibrium quantity and price. At that time, the amount of supply produced at the proper price to satisfy everyone's needs perfectly matches the amount demanded.
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What were some of the unwritten rules of segregation? what were some of the complications around those rules?
Legislators segregated everything through the so-called Jim Crow laws, including schools, residential areas, public parks, theaters, swimming pools, cemeteries, asylums, and residential homes.
What does the Constitution say about segregation?Segregation in public schools is unconstitutional, according to a decision made by the Supreme Court of the United States on May 17, 1954. Segregation was illegal under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, the court ruled, because "separate is not equal."
People of different races did not frequently interact with one another, which made it challenging for black people to communicate clearly with white people. This was an unwritten rule of segregation.
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under the system, inmates were loaned to contractors who provided the prisoners with food and clothing in exchange for their labor.
Under the Lease system, inmates were loaned to contractors who provided the prisoners with food and clothing in exchange for their labor.
What does a contract labor system entail?Workforce Contracting System. a system in which the machinery and raw materials used inside the facility were supplied by private employers who purchased the inmates' work on a contractual basis.
What was the purpose of the prisoner lease system?Convict leasing, a system wherein Southern states leased inmates to for-profit railroads, mines, and sizable farms, was one way that slavery survived the Civil War. Prisoners worked under brutal, hazardous, and frequently fatal conditions for no compensation while states reaped the benefits.
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Pres. Andrew Jackson regarded the South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification as a clear threat to the federal union and to national authority. He reacted by submitting to Congress a Force Bill authorizing the use of federal troops in South Carolina if necessary to collect tariff duties.
According to President Andrew Jackson, the federal union and the rule of law were seriously threatened by the South Carolina Ordinance of Preemption. In response, he sent Congress a Force Bill.
a concrete example of nullification:
Something can be eliminated from existence by nullifying it. The technique of treating a spider bite using an antidote to undo the symptoms is known as nullification. Use the term nullification to describe when one item prevails over or exceeds another, washing out the effects of the first thing.
What else do you call nullification?
Abrogate, annul, invalidate, and negate are some typical synonyms for "nullify." Nullify indicates entirely negating the force, efficacy, or value of something whereas all these phrases refer to "to deprive of effective or ongoing existence."
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FILL IN THE BLANK. to enter into a valid and enforceable agreement for services, the services that require a license must be____by one party to the agreement.
The services that call for a license must be in use by one party to the agreement in order for it to be a legally binding contract.
A contract is an agreement between two or more parties that creates legally binding responsibilities for both parties. For there to be a valid offer and acceptance, adequate consideration, capability, and legality, the agreement must contain the following fundamental components: a contract-compliant offer that demonstrates a mutual understanding, In some states, a legitimate alternative can satisfy the requirements of consideration. Contract violations may result in general damages, consequential damages, reliance damages, and specific performance. Contracts are created when one party's promise results in the creation of a duty between the parties. For a promise to be regarded as a contract, it must be made in return for adequate consideration.
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