Pleiotropy refers to the phenomenon of a single gene affecting multiple traits. Phenylketonuria is an example of Pleiotropy.
What is Pleiotropy?The production of diverse effects, especially the production by a single gene of several distinct and seemingly unrelated phenotypic effects known as pleiotropy.
Phenylketonuria, generally known as PKU, is a rare hereditary condition that results in an accumulation of the amino acid phenylalanine in the body. The phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene is altered in PKU. The enzyme required to degrade phenylalanine is produced in part because of this gene. PKU can be seen to behave as a 'complex' trait.
Only 11.1 percent of MHP patients were homozygous, compared to 58.4 percent of individuals with classic PKU. Individuals with mild PKU had a compound heterozygous rate of 72.5% compared to only 35.1% in patients with classic PKU.
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Assume that you have discovered a new chemical mutagen that modifies guanine so that it mispairs with thymine when thymine is in the template DNA strand during DNA replication. However, this mispairing is limited to when the modified guanine is being added to the newly replicating DNA strand. When the modified guanine is in the template DNA strand it always pairs normally, with cytosine being added to the growing newly synthesized strand. What type of mutation would you predict would be caused by the new chemical mutagen
A-C base substitution mutation will be caused by the new chemical mutagen.
When A is in the template strand during the first round of replication, G is added to the new daughter strand as it pairs to A due to mispairing. It is assumed that this mispairing only occurs when the freshly duplicated strand is being joined to the modified guanine. C is added to the opposing strand during the second round of replication, when the daughter strand that contains G serves as a template for replication. Therefore, C has replaced A in the diagram. A was thus removed from the site, and the C-G pair will now fill the space where the A-T pair had been. A was thus replaced by C.learn more about mutation here: https://brainly.com/question/23030726
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Most of the molecules that determine blood types in humans are ______ embedded in the plasma membrane of red blood cells with attached ______ that extend from the cell surface.
Most of the molecules that determine blood types in humans are proteins embedded in the plasma membrane of red blood cells with attached sugars that extend from the cell surface.
What is the plasma membrane?The fluid mosaic model, which is the presently accepted explanation for the composition of the plasma membrane, was originally put forth in 1972. Although this model has changed over time, it still offers a reasonable fundamental explanation of the structure and function of membranes in many different cells.
The plasma membrane is a mosaic of elements, primarily phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins, that move fluidly and freely in the plane of the membrane. In other words, a membrane diagram only represents a moment in a dynamic process where proteins and phospholipids are continuously slipping past one another.
Blood type in humans: A positive, A negative, B positive, B negative, AB positive, AB negative, O positive, and O negative are the eight primary blood types. Your Rh type is indicated by the positive and negative (once called Rhesus). There are 34 other recognized blood types, often known as blood group systems, in addition to ABO and Rh.
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The embryonic period is the second period of prenatal development and extends from the third week through the eighth week. Select one: True False
True.
The embryonic period is the second period of prenatal development and extends from the third week through the eighth week.
What is embryonic period?Your kid goes through a phase of rapid change after conception known as the embryonic stage. From the fifth through the tenth week of pregnancy, this phase lasts. The infant is referred to as an embryo at this point. The embryonic stage is when a lot of changes take place.
What happens during embryonic stage?The heart starts to beat and the organs develop and start to work during the embryonic period.
Why is embryonic stage important?The brain develops during the embryonic period, which is crucial.
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Ingrid drew a diagram to compare two ways in which biodiversity can be protected.
The area marked Y has the goal of capturing and later releasing animals in the wild.
What does the region Y represent?From the attached image of the diagram drawn by Ingrid, the region Y represents the intersection of habitat preservation and captive breeding.
Thus the animals found there will be captured and later released.
In conclusion, the diagram shows the various ways of wild animal breeding.
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Cervical dysplasia is the presence of __________ in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix.
Cervical dysplasia is the presence of precancerous cells in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix.
What is mild cervical dysplasia?Cervical dysplasia is a change from normal that affects cells on the surface of the uterus, the lowest part of the uterus that opens at the top. These changes are not cancer, but if left untreated they can develop into it.
The causes of dysplasia are Multiple causes can lead to this condition, such as smoking, hormonal changes, HPV infection, genetic changes.
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why is international employment important? how does it help in improving the economical condition of a country?
Answer:
it promotes international cohesion
Explanation:
through international employment they learn how to work together hence they get used to work together
Eunice is a scientist studying a grassland area in the midwestern United States. It contains many species of flora and fauna that coexist and remain relatively balanced. There have also been no recent disturbances in the area.
Which topic is Eunice’s project most likely about?
secondary succession
pioneer species
primary succession
climax communities
PLS HELP QUICK
The topic that Eunice’s project is most likely about is climax communities (option D).
What is a climax community?A climax community in ecology refers to a group of interdependent organisms interacting with one another and through the process of ecological succession has reached a steady state.
A steady or balanced state refers to a state whereby each species in the community can coexist with no disturbance.
Therefore, the topic that Eunice’s as a scientist is most likely about is climax communities.
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In your own words define the word angiosperm.
ty!
Answer:
These are seed-producing plants. They are differentiated from gymnosperms, by features like flowers, producing fruits containing seeds, and the presence of endosperm within the seeds. Plants that produce flowers are called angiosperms.
Explanation:
Why f1 particles are named f1 particles
The F1 fraction derives its name from the term “Fraction 1” and FO (written as a subscript letter “o”, not “zero”) derives its name from being the oligomycin binding fraction. Oligomycin, an antibiotic, is able to inhibit the FO unit of ATP synthase.
hope this helps u :)
F1 particles are named so because they were first identified as the first generation of particles in a process known as "fractionation."
This process involves the separation and isolation of cellular components based on their size and density using centrifugation.
During experiments with mitochondria, scientists observed that when mitochondria were subjected to fractionation, two distinct types of particles were obtained: F1 particles and F2 particles.
F1 particles were found to contain the ATP synthase enzyme responsible for ATP synthesis in cellular respiration. Hence, they were named "F1 particles" to denote their status as the first fraction of particles isolated during this particular experiment.
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If an entire chromosome is missing or added that ultimately leads to a recognizable _________, also known as a cluster of distinct characteristics that tend to occur together.
Answer:
syndrome
Explanation:
If an entire chromosome is missing or added that ultimately leads to a recognizable syndrome also known as a cluster of distinct characteristics that tend to occur together.
Thus, A syndrome is a collection of distinguishing characteristics that frequently appear in clusters of people with the same ailment.
For instance, Marfan syndrome manifests in the skeleton, the heart, and the eyes, among other physiological systems.
Although not all people with Marfan syndrome will exhibit the exact same combination of symptoms, they will frequently cluster in these three regions. Down syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, and fragile X syndrome are more instances of well-known genetic disorders.
Thus, If an entire chromosome is missing or added that ultimately leads to a recognizable syndrome also known as a cluster of distinct characteristics that tend to occur together.
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______ are found in the
motor cortex.
A. Sensory neurons
B. Efferent neurons
C. No neurons
Part A: ask questions
Answer:
Asking questions is a uniquely powerful tool for unlocking value in organizations: It spurs learning and the exchange of ideas, it fuels innovation
Explanation:
A tissue sample was taken from an infected wound and cells were viewed under the microscope. Each cell contained a cell wall, cell membrane and genetic material but no nuclear membrane. From this informative you can determine that the infection was
1. An unidentified eukaryotic cell
2. A parasitic animal
3. A parasitic plant
4. An unidentified prokaryotic cell
An unidentified prokaryotic cell. Thus, option "4" is correct.
What atr prokaryotes and eukaryotes?Prokaryotes are the unicellular organisms that do not contain nucleus and membrane bound organelle in their cell. Their genetic material is present in the cytoplasm.
On the other hand, eukaryotes have true nucleus that contains the genetic material (DNA). They also contain membrane bound specialised organelles (such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi complex).
Thus, option "4" is correct.
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A separation technique that can detect proteins in a complex mixture with the use of antibodies directed against a protein of interest is
Northern blotting is the separation technique that can detect proteins in a complex mixture with the use of antibodies directed against a protein of interest.
Commonly used protein separation techniques include ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, dialysis, ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography, and electrophoresis [sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Isoelectric point electrophoresis, and chromatographic electrophoresis] are included.
Northern blot is a laboratory analysis method for testing RNA. In particular, purified RNA fragments are separated from biological samples (such as blood and tissue) by passing through a gel or matrix like a sieve with an electric current. This allows small fragments to move faster than large fragments.
Northern blotting is named because it resembles Southern blot, the first blotting technique named after biologist Edwin Southern. The main difference is that Northern blots analyze RNA rather than DNA.
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Answer:
western blotting
Explanation:
The cholesterol associated with animal cell membranes
a) is an abnormality resulting from a diet high in cholesterol.
b) makes the cell membrane fluid at room temperature.
c) helps to stabilize the cell membrane at body temperature.
d) helps solidify the membranes when the room temperature is below freezing.
e) is attached to membrane proteins and extends into the watery environment surrounding the cell.
Cholesterol is one of the molecules composing the cell membrane. b) makes the cell membrane fluid at room temperature.
What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?The cell membrane is composed of two lipidic bilayers, cholesterol, proteins, and glucans incrusted in between.
Cholesterol is one type of lipid.
These molecules are incrusted in the membrane between the hydrophobic tails of lipids.
Their proportion on both sides of the membrane is almost the same.
Cholesterol is a significant molecule that contributes to the membrane fluidity, separates phospholipids, and interact with membrane proteins regulating in their activity.
The correct option is b). makes the cell membrane fluid at room temperature.
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Which of the following cannot cause evolution?
Recombination
Mutation
Natural Selection
All of the choices can cause evolution
Which of the following would best be mined using Hydraulic Mining?
Select one:
O a. Placer Deposits
O b. Magmatic Deposits
O c. Hydrothermal Deposits
O d. Residual Deposits
Answer:
c
Explanation:
hydrothermal deposits
Lactic acid is a common fermentation product in bacteria and animal cells. It is produced after glycolysis when ___________ is reduced by electrons received from NADH.
Answer:
Lactic acid is a common fermentation product in bacteria and animal cells. It is produced after glycolysis when Pyruvate is reduced by electrons received from NADH.
In the Tonicity of Red Blood Cells lab, you mixed whole blood with solutions of different concentrations in order to
The whole blood with solutions of different concentrations mixed in order to find the tonicity of each solution.
Osmosis is the movement of water from the high solvent concentration to low solvent concentration. The solution on addition of the red blood cells becomes opaque and the cells can be observed under the microscope. If the solution is hypertonic, the red blood cell loses water and undergo shrinkage. If the solution is isotonic, the water flow will be at equal rates and the cell will remain intact. If the solution is hypotonic, the water will flow into the cell causing the cell to swell up.
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The respiratory distress that accompanies emphysema is caused by: repeated exposure to cigarette smoke chronic stretching of the alveolar walls massive constriction of the bronchioles acute fluid accumulation in the alveoli
The respiratory distress that accompanies emphysema is caused by: repeated exposure to cigarette smoke
A condition that affects the alveoli (small air sacs) of the lungs. The transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs occurs in the walls of the alveoli. In emphysema, the alveoli swell abnormally, the walls are damaged, and breathing becomes difficult.
The main cause of emphysema is long-term exposure to air irritants, including cigarette smoke. Marijuana smoke. Air pollution
Symptoms of emphysema are :
Frequent coughing or wheezing.Cough that produces a lot of sputum.Shortness of breath, especially with physical activity.Whistling or squeaking noise when breathing.Chest tension.Learn more about emphysema here:https://brainly.com/question/22864243
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Describe the structure and function of the “old brain” and its influence on behavior
Answer:
The old brain—including the brain stem, medulla, pons, reticular formation, thalamus, cerebellum, amygdala, hypothalamus, and hippocampus—regulates basic survival functions, such as breathing, moving, resting, feeding, emotions, and memory.
Explanation:
Of the ____________ globins that make up hemoglobin, two are identical and called ____________ globins, and the other two are called beta globins and are also identical.
Of the four globins that make up hemoglobin, two are identical and called alpha globins, and the other two are called beta globins and are also identical.
Structure of HaemoglobinEach of the four subunits of hemoglobin has a polypeptide chain and a heme group.The iron protoporphyrin IX prosthetic heme group, which is connected to a polypeptide chain with residues of 141 (alpha) and 146 (beta) amino acids, is present in all hemoglobins. A histidine's N is linked to the ferrous iron of the heme. A polypeptide chain phenylalanine of the porphyrin ring wedges it into its pocket. Alpha and beta chains, two varieties of the polypeptide chains that make up adult hemoglobin, are comparable in length but have different amino acid sequences. Both adult and embryonic human hemoglobins have the same alpha chain.To learn more about Haemoglobin refer to:
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How might an inherited trait, such as height, be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors?
Answer:
Explanation:
For most individuals, though, height is controlled largely by a combination of genetic variants that each have more modest effects on height, plus a smaller contribution from environmental factors (such as nutrition). More than 700 such gene variants have been discovered and many more are expected to be identified.
which best describes the flow of genetic information?
A. Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein
B. Genetic information cannot be transmitted outside the nucleus
C. Genetic information is carried only by DNA
D. Genetic information flows from gene to allele to protein
Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. A would be the correct option.
Flow of genetic informationGenetic information is stored in the DNA of organisms.
In order for this information to be transferred, it is first encoded into another molecule, the RNA.
The genetic codes in RNA are then translated into their respective amino acids to form polypeptide chains known as proteins.
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Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Genetic drift is the change in the relative frequency in which a gene variant occurs in a population.
B. Genetic drift is a gradual shift in the gene frequencies of small population.
C. Genetic drift results in same genotypic ratios.
D. Variations in gene frequencies within population in genetic drift occur by chance.
What is the purpose of strip cropping?
a.
prevent soil erosion
b.
maintain nutrient levels
c.
reduce plant disease
d.
all of the above
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Answer:
A
Explanation:
What is the purpose of strip cropping?
= Prevent soil erosion...
[tex]...[/tex]
Answer:
A. Prevent soil erosion
Explanation:
what do you conclude from the study of embryos?
We can get a glimpse into an organism's evolutionary history through embryology. As an illustration, consider terrestrial vertebrates, which include mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles. There are numerous parallels between fish embryos and other animal embryos when we examine the early stages of the development of various groups of animals. All of these animal groups have gill arches in their developing embryos. These develop into functioning gills in fish embryos. They go on to develop into the morphological structures that make up our ears in the majority of terrestrial animals. This helps us understand how certain animal traits may have evolved from more basic ones. Cases like these add to the body of evidence showing that lobe-finned fishes are the ancestors of terrestrial mammals.
How does embryology prove evolution happened?Embryology offers no proof. The descriptive study of embryos is known as embryology. It has been discovered that embryos from all species have parts that should naturally belong to less advanced organisms. By the time the embryo develops into a fully formed live being, those structures have either vanished or changed into something more adapted to the particular environment. Because the ancestors of the species whose embryo we are investigating truly possessed such qualities and made use of them, we refer to them as atavistic features, from the Latin term for forefather. These traits are numerous. I'll name one. An embryonic human resembles an embryonic monkey almost exactly, down to the tail. Human genes guarantee (nearly invariably) that the tail resorbs, leaving just a little remnant with five tail bones, the coccyx, whereas the genes of the monkey ensure that it is still present at birth. Human embryos, as well as monkeys and many other animals, feature fish-like gill clefts. In our situation, they were born as more beneficial organs.
Therefore, embryology detects phenomena that call for justification. They would just be bizarre if they weren't. Every creature's embryology may be thoroughly examined to build a comprehensive picture that is perfectly compatible with evolution. That is but one piece of the puzzle of findings and information that support the hypothesis (i.e., explanation) of evolution.
To be fair, I should point out that there are alternative hypotheses that might account for the embryological findings as well as the variety and at the same time linear similarity of all living things, whether ancient and modern. Accepting these alternative explanations allows you to forget about learning anything and skip over years of fruitless inquiry in the fields of embryology, paleontology, biology, and anatomy. It also greatly simplifies the process of comprehension. All you need to do is put your trust in the scientifically illiterate authors from two centuries ago who, through no fault of their own, may have known nothing about biology, anatomy, or physiology because those fields didn't even exist at the time. As a result, they could have observed nothing and conducted zero research.
That does however require you to understand that the tens of thousands of scientists who have carried out all the work over the past 200 years have all been frauds, and that there is a massive global conspiracy devoted to disseminating lies and misinformation in order to enrage a small American sect known as creationists. even if the majority of those scientists practice religions similar to those of everyone else. Why? It must be to exact revenge on those hateful Christians, who have undoubtedly caused them terrible, unnamed suffering.
Comparative embryology studies the parallels and discrepancies among the embryos of distinct animals. Examining embryo similarities can demonstrate shared ancestry.
What is the study of embryos?Embryology is a branch of science that focuses on the conception, development, and growth of the embryo. For example, all vertebrate embryos have tails and gill holes.
It focuses on the prenatal stage of development, which begins with gamete creation, fertilization, zygote formation, embryonic and fetal development, and human birth.
The two main processes at work are growth and differentiation. These lead to the body's formation of distinctive tissues and organs that are specialized to perform certain activities.
Therefore, embryology studies the parallels and discrepancies among the embryos of distinct animals. Examining embryo similarities can demonstrate shared ancestry.
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These individuals had theories of evolution by natural selection, but did not receive the same credit that Darwin did: Group of answer choices Hasan Ibn Al-Haytham Uthman Al Jahiz Linnaeus Aristotle Alfred Russel Wallace
The individual who did not receive the same credit as Darwin was Alfred Russel Wallace.
What is the evolution theory?The evolution theory is a scientific theory explaining how natural selection may change (evolve) phenotypes across generations.
Alfred Russel Wallace was an evolutionary biologist who understood the importance of natural selection on this process.
In conclusion, Alfred Russel Wallace did not receive the credit as Darwin.
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Please help ASAP.
This is Science
Answer:
Abbreviation of as soon as possible
Functional regeneration of axons occurs more frequently in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) than in the CNS because of the
Functional regeneration of axons occurs more frequently in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) than in the CNS because of two main reasons which are-
The environment in the central nervous system is not suitable for the regeneration or repair of axons.The axons of the neurons in the CNS cannot upregulate genes for the growth or regeneration of the axons. Whereas the axons in the PNS can upregulate these genes to a much greater extent than the CNS.The central nervous system(CNS) and the peripheral nervous system(PNS), are the two branches of the nervous system in the body. The central nervous system consists of the spinal cord and the brain. While the peripheral nervous system consists of the nerves and neurons that arise from the spinal cord and the brain. It is difficult for axons to repair themselves in the central nervous system because these axons are present in and around the main structures that control the entire nervous system.
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