For the voltage-gated sodium channel to allow sodium into the cell:_______.
a. the activation and inactivation gates must both be open
b. only the activation gate must be open
c. only the inactivation gate must be open
d. the inactivation gate must be closed shortly before the activation gate opens
e. the activation and inactivation gates must both be closed
Answer:
The correct option is - (a) the activation and inactivation gates must both be open.
Explanation:
Option (a) is correct because of the following reason -
The axonal membrane is at its natural resting potential until an action potential occurs, and [tex]Na^+[/tex] channels are deactivated and blocked on the extracellular side by their activation gates. The activation gates open in response to an electric current, allowing positively charged [tex]Na^+[/tex] ions to flow into the neuron through the channels. When enough [tex]Na^+[/tex] has penetrated the neuron and the membrane potential has reached a certain level, the [tex]Na^+[/tex] channels inactivate themselves by closing their inactivation gates at the height of the action potential. The inactivation gate can be thought of as a "plug" tethered to the intracellular alpha subunit's domains III and IV. When the inactivation gate is closed, the flow of [tex]Na^+[/tex] through the channel is stopped. As a result, both the activation and inactivation gates must be open to enable sodium ions to enter the cell.
Hence , the correct option is (a).
Eutrophication refers to a process of change that takes place in a body of water. Which of the following causes eutrophication?
A)CFCs
B)acid rain
C)thermal pollution
D)excessive nutrients
what are the keys to a strong lab procedure?
Answer:
Purpose: A brief description of why the experiment is being performed. Include details about the experiment, such as the methods used, a specific chemical reaction(s), and/or anticipated product.
Hypothesis: Provide a statement or two about the anticipated outcome of the experiment.
Experimental Procedure: A step-by-step description of the experiment including the chemicals, equipment, and/or methods used. Complete sentences must be used for the description. DO NOT simply copy the procedure from a lab manual or a handout. Condense the given procedure into steps so that you can understand and follow them.
Laboratory Safety: Give a complete, descriptive listing of the safety precautions, hazards, or other safety procedures that are needed for this experiment.
Experimental Data: Record all data resulting from the experiment in your laboratory notebook. The experimental data should be recorded in tabular form. Do not record your experimental data in your laboratory manual.
Observations: This section is used to record any qualitative observations and notes on the changes to the experimental procedure. Sudden bursts of scientific insight or other information during the experiment that may aid in the interpretation of the data generated are to be entered in this section. No points will be awarded when the observations are recorded outside of the laboratory. It is also important that you record your unknown number in this section of your notebook.
Calculations: Present outcome/summary of data analysis using tables, Excel graphs, and/or figures. List separately all pertinent mathematical equations followed by a sample calculation for each. Use the recorded data from the experiment when performing the calculations.
Results/Discussion: Questions that should be addressed in this section may include: Did the experiment work, and if not, why not? Were the results obtained in the experiment those expected based on the laboratory procedure? If the experiment was to be repeated, what improvements would be made? What types of errors occurred and how could they be corrected? How did the observations play a role in the outcome of the experiment? When applicable, you should compare your experimental value(s) to that of a published, literature value(s), commenting on the accuracy of your technique.
Conclusion: Summarize the findings of the experiment, which must include the final results of the experiment, e.g., the percent yield of a reaction, the identity of an unknown, etc. Look back at the purpose and hypothesis of your experiment and assess whether or not you met your goal in performing the experiment.
References: Include all pertinent information such as, your laboratory manual, textbooks, web sites, and any other library resources used in the preparation of your laboratory report.
Why do tree's cells need to make more DNA?
It’s one of the big mysteries of cell biology. Why do mitochondria—the oval-shaped structures that power our cells—have their own DNA, and why have they kept it when the cell itself has plenty of its own genetic material? A new study may have found an answer.
It’s one of the big mysteries of cell biology. Why do mitochondria—the oval-shaped structures that power our cells—have their own DNA, and why have they kept it when the cell itself has plenty of its own genetic material? A new study may have found an answer.Scientists think that mitochondria were once independent single-celled organisms until, more than a billion years ago, they were swallowed by larger cells. Instead of being digested, they settled down and developed a mutually beneficial relationship developed
It’s one of the big mysteries of cell biology. Why do mitochondria—the oval-shaped structures that power our cells—have their own DNA, and why have they kept it when the cell itself has plenty of its own genetic material? A new study may have found an answer.Scientists think that mitochondria were once independent single-celled organisms until, more than a billion years ago, they were swallowed by larger cells. Instead of being digested, they settled down and developed a mutually beneficial relationship developed
I
how does fertilizer affect the quality of crops?
Answer:
Fertilizers replace the nutrients that crops remove from the soil. Without the addition of fertilizers, crop yields and agricultural productivity would be significantly reduced. That's why mineral fertilizers are used to supplement the soil's nutrient stocks with minerals that can be quickly absorbed and used by crops
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how does fertilizer affect the quality of crops?
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The role of fertilizers in food production is usually underestimated. Fertilizers are food for plants.
Fertilizers replace the nutrients that crops remove from the soil. Without the addition of fertilizers, crop yields and agricultural productivity would be significantly reduced. That’s why mineral fertilizers are used to supplement the soil’s nutrient stocks with minerals that can be quickly absorbed and used by crops.
Put simply – we use fertilizer to: Provide nutrients not available in the soil.Replace nutrients removed at harvest.Balance nutrients for better. producequality and higher yield.# 14 please!!!! will give brainliest
Answer:
Within the bone marrow, all blood cells originate from a single type of unspecialized cell called a stem cell. When a stem cell divides, it first becomes an immature red blood cell, white blood cell, or platelet-producing cell.
Explanation:
I am not sure if this helps you....
PLEASE HELP !! ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST *EXTRA 40 POINTS* DONT SKIP :(( .!
When does a cell have chromosomes in the dyad form?
G1 stage of interphase
telophase of mitosis
after meiosis 1
after meiosis II
what organism performs only anaerobic respiration for energy
I need the answer to be five letters and as a hint, the third letter is a
Answer: Anaerobic cellular respiration
Some prokaryotes—bacteria and archaea—that live in low-oxygen environments rely on anaerobic respiration to break down fuels. For example, some archaea called methanogens can use carbon dioxide as a terminal electron acceptor, producing methane as a by-product.
Explanation: hopefully i helped
What would happen if a mutation created a new ailele that decreased fitness?
a. The nen alle would spread through the population and decrease the foness of the population
ob. The new aliele would decrease the finess of the individual that possessed it and that individual would have few or no oftspring,
OC. The individual with the new ailele would wait for an environmental change so that is finess would increase again
od. The allele would be deleted by the bodys generic control mechanisms
Oe. The new ailele would have to change back to an allele of higher fitness so the possessor of that allele could maintain its fitness
Answer:
Hello There!!
Explanation:
The answer is b.the new allele would decrease the fitness of the individual that possessed it, and that individual would have few or no offspring.
hope this helps,have a great day!!
~Pinky~
Describe how the environment (predation, shelter, wind, access to water) might affect a population/ species?
i need help thank you
Answer:
B
Explanation:
A solar system is just a few planets which are smaller than nebulae or galaxies.
Nebulae is pretty much a cloud of dust and gas but it's still smaller than a galaxy
And then the universe kind of includes everything so there's nothing bigger than that
1. Which of the following occurrence can be explain
by convection?
A. How a fire place can heat up people in a room
B. How the heat of the sun reaches earth
C. Why a handle of a metal spoon also gets hot when
placed on a steamy soup
D. Why chilly air always remains near the floor
2. Which of the following is NOT true about heat?
A. It is a form of energy
B. It transfers from one object to another.
C. It is caused by a temperature difference between
two objects
D. It determines the hotness or coldness of an object
3. Which of the following describes heat?
A. Energy stored in all objects regardless of
temperature
B. Energy that causes objects to have temperature.
C. Energy transferred due to difference in materials
D. Energy transferred due to temperature differences
4. An unknown object is placed in contact with a heat
source. It was observed that the object did not increase
its temperature Which of the following explains why?
A. The object is heated too much.
B. The object is heated via radiation.
C. The object is a thermal insulator,
D. The object is a thermal conductor.
Answer:
1. C. Why a handle of a metal spoon also gets hot when placed on a steamy soup.
2. D. It determines the hotness or coldness of an object.
3. D. Energy transferred due to temperature differences.
4. C. The object is a thermal insulator.
Explanation:
Convection is the transfer of heat energy through the movement of a liquid or gas from one place to another. If we place a metal object at a distance from the hot body so the fumes that comes out increase the temperature of the metal that is present on the hot body. Temperature determines the hotness or coldness of an object not the heat. The heat energy transferred from one body to another due to difference in temperature of both objects. Insulator are those materials which no ability to transfer heat energy from one place to another.
correct answer.
How many oxygen atoms does ozone consist of?
OA.
1:1
OB. 2:2
OC. 3:3
OD.
4:4
O E. 5:0
Reset
Next
Reset
Next
Answer:
C. 3:3
Explanation:
"Ozone is a gas that is naturally present in our atmosphere. Each ozone molecule contains three atoms of oxygen and is denoted chemically as O3. Ozone is found primarily in two regions of the atmosphere." https://csl.noaa.gov/assessments/ozone/2002/qandas1.pdf
The endocrine gland (s) referred to as the "master gland" is the:
A. pancreas
B. adrenal glands
C. thyroid gland
D. Pituitary gland
Answer:
pituilatry gland
Explanation:
The pituitary gland is sometimes called the "master" gland of the endocrine system because it controls the functions of many of the other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland is no larger than a pea, and is located at the base of the brain.
How would you expect osmosis to affect the water balance in these organisms?
Answer:
The water balance is the relation or balance between the amount of water entering the organism by intake liquids and food and the total output or loss of water lost from the body by different ways such as the kidneys, lungs, bowels, and skin.
Other than water there is the constant input of electrolytes also occurs into the system. Osmotic pressure and the process of osmosis help in ensuring that optimal concentrations of electrolytes and non-electrolytes are maintained in the cells. The excess water or electrolytes, move out of the cells by the osmosis through the semi-permeable membrane that is the cell membrane here.
What kind of physical property is being shown when You put water, food coloring, and oil together?
Answer:
Appearance or texture
Explanation:
This is because when food coloring is mixed with water and oil, the oil and water cannot mix but the oil firms droplets. When the coloring is also added it will not mix because of water and oil and immiscible. Therefore, the physical property will be appearance, it appearance will differ than before and also there will be a change in texture.
Which is not true about protein denaturation ?
a. can be induced by eat and extreme pH
b. Disturbs protein folding,
C. The primary structure of the protein rentains intaca hotarected by denaturation,
d. The protein remains functional after denaturation,
In general, do organisms that have more traits in common also share more genes?
Answer:
In general, organisms that share similar physical features and genomes tend to be more closely related than those that do not. Such features that overlap both morphologically (in form) and genetically are referred to as homologous structures; they stem from developmental similarities that are based on evolution.
Explanation:
hope it helps!
What happens if you place four zip bags of apples sitting out in a dark for a week. What would be the observation for all four apples…
Answer:
They would all start to decompose and become a big pile of mush because they are not exposed to light as well
What are the similarities that all the organisms classified under the family Hominidae share?
Answer:
Among these adaptations are: streamlined bodies for efficient movement through water; forelimbs modified into flippers to aid in steering; hind limbs internalized remnants reducing drag; tail positioned horizontally to achieve a powerful up and down propulsion; hair replaced with under-skin blubber to provide warmth ...
Explanation:
Study the following statements, which compare the method of fermentation preferred by yeasts to they type of fermentation that may occur in human muscle cells. i. Yeasts produce CO2 during fermentation, but human muscle cells do not. ii. Different metabolic end products result from the two types of fermentation. iii. Yeasts produce more ATP per glucose in their fermentation than do human muscle cells. Choose the correct answer from below.
Answer:
Only one of the three statement is true; and that is,
(ii.) Different metabolic end products result from the two types of fermentation
Explanation:
Fermentation is the process by which organic molecules such as glucose are broken down into smaller molecules to extract energy as ATP in the absence of oxygen.
Fermentation is carried out by many organisms including man.
In man, fermentation occurs in very active skeletal muscles such as in an athlete running. It involves the reduction of pyruvate produced from the glycolytic pathway to lactate in the muscles. The net yield of ATP from glucose breakdown to produce lactate is 2 ATP molecules.
In microorganisms such as yeast, the fermentation product of py ruvate derived from glycolysis is ethanol and carbon dioxide, CO₂. The net ATP yield in fermentation of glucose in yeast cells is also 2 ATP molecules.
From the options provided in the questions, the correct option is:
Only one of the three statement is true and that is that, ii. Different metabolic end products result from the two types of fermentation.
Which type of macromolecules helps a cell brake down food?
Answer:
amylase, sucrase, lactase, or maltase.
Explanation:
this is because of proteins are always broken down by the the enzymes pepsin and peptidase, and by hydrochloric acid.
Maria goes for a hike inside a cave. What types of rocks will she most likely see?
When considering the entire period of time during which life on Earth has been evolving, we must look at:
thousands of years
hundreds of millions of years
hundreds of years
billions of years
millions of years
Answer:
we must look at billions of years
When considering the entire period of time during which life on Earth has been evolving, we must look at: D. billions of years.
Evolution can be defined as a process of gradual change in the characteristics of various species of living organism over several generations.
Basically, these characteristics refer to gene expressions that are typically transferred from parent organisms to their offspring or successive generations.
The earliest life forms known to humans existed about 3.7 billion years ago and they are microscopic organisms (microbes) whose fossils were found on rocks.
In conclusion, when you are considering the entire period of time during which life on Earth has been evolving, you must look at billions of years.
Read more: https://brainly.com/question/23088172
Which units are used in a pyramid of biomass?
A Individuals
B. g C/m2
C. m/s2
D. Klocalories
Answer:
g/m2 is the unit used in a pyramid of biomass. Kilocalories is Unit of measure for energy pyramids
What is the difference between traditional PCR and qPCR?
a. Traditional PCR has only 1 cycle whereas qPCR has multiple cycles
b. In traditional PCR, the presence or absences of a DNA sequence is analyzed upon reaction completion whereas qPCR monitors DNA amplification as the reaction progresses
c. Traditional PCR is an outdated technique which is unreliable and has not been utilized for years whereas qPCR is a newer and better technique which is always preferred nowadays.
d. Traditional PCR is monitored by an increases in fluorescence signal whereas it is impossible to monitor qPCR by increases in fluorescence signal
Answer:
The difference between traditional PCR and qPCR (Real-time PCR) is:
b. In traditional PCR, the presence or absences of a DNA sequence is analyzed upon reaction completion whereas qPCR monitors DNA amplification as the reaction progresses
Explanation:
Real-time PCR (qPCR) is an advanced tool for analyzing RNA and DNA. With Traditional PCR detection occurs at the end-point of the reaction, while with Real-time PCR, detection of the RNA and DNA sequencing is detected as the reaction is occurring. The advantages of the qPCR over the traditional PCR include higher precision and resolution, and increased dynamic range and sensitivity.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a widely-used Biology tool to rapidly replicate millions of copies of a specific DNA sample.
Picture this! It's the year 2025 and you work at a water treatment plant. A group
of high school students from an environmental science class is touring your
faculty. You have been nominated by your boss to give the tour. The students
want to learn how drinking water is treated. While conducting the tour, you need
to describe each step and explain what is happening during each process. Also,
be sure to explain to the students why water treatment is important to our
society!
Answer:
Water treatment process brings many importances to the society today. One of the importances of water treatment process is to ensure that water is more suitable to be used by industries and individuals. The purpose of water treatment process is to remove contaminations from water, so that it would be more suitable for it to be used. The importance of water is the basic resource for guaranteeing the life of all living beings on the planet. Access to water, sanitation and hygiene is a fundamental right and yet billions of people throughout the world are battling daily against enormous difficulties accessing the most basic services.
Brainliest pleaseeeeeee?
what is the biology
Answer:
The study of all life or living matter is biology.
Hope it helps :)❤
Answer: the studying living things
Explanation:
Use the drop-down menus to choose the correct answer to complete each statement
An object that revolves around a planet is a
Jupiter is considered a
A large body in space that revolves around a star and does not give off light is a
Answer:
Moon, planet and planet
Explanation: