The total quantity of heat evolved in converting the steam to ice is determined as -12,928.68 J.
Heat evolved in converting the steam to ice
The total heat evolved is calculated as follows;
Q(tot) = Q1(steam to boiling point) + Q2(boiling point to ice) +Q3(freezing to -42 ⁰C)
where;
Q is heat evolvedQ = = mcΔθ
where;
m is mass, (mass of water = 18 g/mol)c is specific heat capacity, Δθ is change in temperatureQ(tot) = 2(18)(2.01)(100 - 135) + 2(18)(2.01)(0 - 100) + 2(18)(2.09)(-42 - 0)
Q(tot) = -12,928.68 J
Thus, the total quantity of heat evolved in converting the steam to ice is determined as -12,928.68 J.
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The chemical equation for a reaction is shown below.
2 NO2(g) → N2O4(g)
What is the standard free energy change (ΔGo) in this reaction at 298 K? (NOTE: At 298 K, ΔGfo for NO2 is 51.84 kJ/mol, and for N2O4 is 98.28 kJ/mol.)
The standard free energy change (∆Gº') is the energy released when the products are created from the reactants. The (∆Gº') at 298 K is -5.40kJ.
What is standard free energy change?The standard free energy change is given by the sum of the standard free energies of the products subtracted from the sum of the standard free energies of the reactants, given as,
ΔG = ∑nΔG°products − ∑mΔG°reactants
Given,
ΔG°(NO₂) = 51.84 kJ/mol
ΔG°(N₂O₄) = 98.28 kJ/mol
Substituting values:
ΔG = ∑nΔG°products − ∑mΔG°reactants
= ΔG°(N₂O₄) − 2ΔG°(NO₂)
= 98.28 − 2(51.84)
= - 5.4
Therefore, -5.40 kJ is the standard free energy.
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The principal quantum number (n): specifies the maximum number of electrons. specifies the 3-D shape of the orbital. none of the above specifies the subshell of the orbital. specifies the principal shell of the orbital.
The principal quantum number (n): specifies the principal shell of the orbital.
The answer is option D.
The important quantum number (n) describes the dimensions of the orbital. Orbitals for which n = 2 are larger than those for which n = 1, as an example. Because they have got opposite electric costs, electrons are interested in the nucleus of the atom.
The numerals, called essential quantum numbers, imply strength degrees as well as the relative distance from the nucleus. A 1s electron occupies the energy stage nearest the nucleus.
A 2s electron, less strongly certain, spends most of its time farther far from the nucleus.
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X forms an ionic compound with the formula
XCI, which has an M, of 74.5. What is the M₁ of
the oxide of X?
A 55
B 71
C 87
D 94
Answer:
94 g/mole
Explanation:
The following answer assumes M is molar mass (g/mole):
One mole of Cl is 35.45 grams. Since 1 mole of MCl is 74.5 grams, one mole of M will be (74.5-35.45 = ) 39.05 grams/mole. This just so happens to be the molar mass of potassium, K. That would mean the compound could be KCl.
We learn from this that M has a single bond. The oxide of M must take into account the fact that oxygen makes 2 bonds per atom. That would mean that M ocxide would have the formula M2O. There are two M's per O.
M2O would have a molar mass of (2x39.05) + 16 = 94.1 g/mole
A silicon atom has four unpaired electrons in its valence shell, two paired electrons in its inner shell, and 14 electrons in all. How many hydrogens will it form covalent bonds with
A silicon atom has four unpaired electrons in its valence shell, two paired electrons in its inner shell, and 14 electrons in all. There are 4 hydrogens it will form covalent bonds with.
A Silicon Atomic DescriptionThe four electrons that make up the "valence" energy level's outermost orbit of the nucleus are given to, taken from, or shared by other atoms. Dependent on their energy level, the electrons orbit the nucleus at various distances. As an illustration, an electron with lower energy would orbit towards the nucleus, whereas an electron with higher energy would orbit farther away. The interaction between the electrons of nearby atoms and those that are the farthest from the nucleus determines how solid structures are created.
crystalline silicon's usesThe first practical PV devices were made of crystalline silicon, which is still the most used PV material in use today. Grasp how the PV effect functions in crystalline silicon provide us a fundamental understanding of how it functions in all devices, even though various PV materials and designs utilize the effect in slightly different ways.
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An atom has the following isotopes in the the following abundances. 20 10Z 30% , 19 10Z10% , 18 10Z 60% What is the average atomic mass
The average atomic mass of the atom that has the following isotopes in the following abundances: 20 10Z 30% , 19 10Z10% , 18 10Z 60% is 18.7.
How to calculate average atomic mass?The average atomic mass of an isotopic element is the weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element.
According to this question, the atom has the following isotopes in the following abundances: 20 10Z [30%] = 30/100 × 20 = 6
19 10Z [10%] = 10/100 × 19 = 1.9
18 10Z [60%] = 60/100 × 18 = 10.8
The sum of these masses is the average atomic mass and is calculated as follows:
6 + 1.9 + 10.8 = 18.7
Therefore, the average atomic mass of the atom that has the following isotopes in the following abundances: 20 10Z 30% , 19 10Z10% , 18 10Z 60% is 18.7.
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How many moles of hydrogen atoms are there in one mole of (NH4)PMo12O40?
Answers
4
3
1
12
7
Answer:
I don't think (NH4)PMo12O40 is written properly, but if it is, there are 4 moles of hydrogen atoms for every 1 mole of (NH4)PMo12O40
Explanation:
1 mole of (NH4)PMo12O40 has 6.02x10^23 molecules of (NH4)PMo12O40. Each molecule of (NH4)PMo12O40 has 4 hydrogen atoms. If the molecule is decomposed to just it's elements, there would be 4 moles of hydrogen atoms for every one mole of (NH4)PMo12O40.
The number of moles of hydrogen atoms in one mole of (NH₄)PMo₁₂O₄₀ is 4. Hence, option A is correct.
What are moles?Moles can be given as the mass of the compound to the molar mass.
Moles = Mass/Molar mass
The subscript to the H in the formula describes the number of hydrogen atom in a molecule.
Thus, 1 molecule of (NH₄)PMo₁₂O₄₀ contains 4 atoms of hydrogen.
1 mole = 6.023*10²³ molecules
1 molecule (NH₄)PMo₁₂O₄₀ = 4 hydrogen atoms
1 mole (NH₄)PMo₁₂O₄₀ = 6.023*10²³ * 4 hydrogen atoms
1 mole (NH₄)PMo₁₂O₄₀ = 4 moles of hydrogen atoms
Thus, the moles of hydrogen atoms present in 1 mole of (NH₄)PMo₁₂O₄₀ is 4. Hence option A is correct.
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A chemist conducts a titration on 50 mL of a solution of hydrobromic acid (HBr) of unknown strength. She finds the pH reaches the equivalency point with the addition of 15 mL of 0.30 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH). What is the concentration of the HBr solution?
The concentration of the HBr would be 0.09 M
What are stoichiometric problems?First, let us look at the equation of the reaction:
[tex]HBr + NaOH --- > NaBr + H_2O[/tex]
The mole ratio of HBr to NaOH is 1:1.
Mole of 15 mL, 0.30 M NaOH = 0.30 x 15/1000 = 0.0045 moles
Equivalent mole of HBr - 0.0045 moles
Molarity of HBr = mole/volume = 0.0045/50/1000 = 0.09 M
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During a chemical reaction, if the concentration of reactants and products doesn't change, the reaction has likely stopped. true false
According to the research, the correct option is false, the statement related to a chemical reaction is false.
What is a chemical reaction?They are reactions involving two or more substances (reactants), which change significantly in the process, and can consume or release energy.
Every chemical reaction subjects matter to a chemical transformation, altering its structure and molecular composition.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is false, the statement related to a chemical reaction is false.
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The boiling temperature of the condensed gas is:
600°C
O-273°C
O-160°C
50°C
other
Well, the answer is the 4rth one "
50°C"
What volume of a 0.167 M potassium hydroxide solution is required to neutralize 16.6 mL of a 0.366 M nitric acid solution
36.38 ml of a 0.167 M potassium hydroxide solution is required to neutralize 16.6 mL of a 0.366 M nitric acid solution.
Given that 16.6 mL of a 0.366 M nitric acid solution is neutralized by 0.167 M potassium hydroxide solution.
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
HNO₃ + KOH → KNO₃ + H₂O
From the equation given above,
Mole ratio of the acid, HNO₃ (nA) = 1
Mole ratio of the base, KOH (nB) = 1
From the question:
Molarity of the acid, HNO₃ (Ma) = 0.366 M
Volume of the base, KOH (Vb) =
Molarity of the base, KOH (Mb) = 0.167 M
Volume of the acid, HNO₃ (Va) = 16.6 ml
Now,
MaVa/ MbVb = nA/nB
0.366 × 16.6 / 0.167 × Vb = 1/1
6.0756 = 0.167 × Vb
Vb = 36.38 ml
Therefore, 36.38 ml of potassium hydroxide solution is required for the reaction.
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Silver chloride and iron (III) nitrate are formed when silver nitrate and a compound containing iron are combined. What compound is it?
The compound that is involved in the reaction with silver nitrate to form silver chloride and iron (III) nitrate is Iron (III) chloride.
What is a displacement reaction?The displacement reaction is the one in which the more reactive element displaces the less reactive element from the compound forming a new compound.
The formation of silver chloride and iron (III) nitrate was followed by the double displacement reaction. The silver in silver nitrate was replaced by the iron forming iron(III) nitrate, and the chloride from the Iron chloride reacted with silver forming silver chloride.
Thus, the compound that reacts with Silver nitrate in the double displacement reaction is Iron(III) chloride.
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Six-membered cyclic hemiacetals and five-membered cyclic hemiacetals are called, respectively, ________.
Six-membered cyclic hemiacetals and five-membered cyclic hemiacetals are called, respectively mannoses and xyloses.
What are cyclic hemiacetals?Cyclic hemiacetals are those molecules that contain both alcohol and a carbonyl group and can undergo an intramolecular reaction to form a cyclic hemiacetal.
Example of Cyclic hemiacetals are :
Mannoses: These are they type of Cyclic hemiacetals that contains Six-membered cyclic hemiacetals.Xyloses: These are they type of Cyclic hemiacetals that contains five-membered cyclic hemiacetals.Learn more about xyloses here:
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Six-membered cyclic hemiacetals and five-membered cyclic hemiacetals are called, respectively, pyranoses and furanoses.
What are hemiacetals?Hemiacetals are chemical compounds containing hydrogen or organic substituents in their molecules and formed by aldehydes or ketones.
The chemical formula of these hemiacetals compounds may be depicted as RHC(OH)OR'.
In conclusion, six-membered and five cyclic hemiacetals are pyranoses and furanoses.
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A compound was decomposed and determined to be 51.27 % C, 7.75 % H and 40.98 % O by mass. What is the subscript for H in the empirical formula for this compound?
The subscript for H in the empirical formula for this compound is 3.
There are 3 steps involved in the construction of empirical formula.
Calculation of empirical formula is as under as ...
Step 1: Divide the % of each atoms which their atomic weights.
C = 51.27 / 12 = 4.27
H = 7.75 / 1 = 7.75
O = 40.98 / 16 =2.56
Step 2 : Divide all the answers with the smallest answer to get the subscripts for empirical formula.
C = 4.27/ 2.56 ≈ 2
H = 7.75/ 2.56 ≈ 3
O = 2.56 /2.56 = 1
Step 3: Construction of empirical formula by putting subscripts calculated in step 2.
Empirical formula form given data = [tex]C_{2} H_{3} O_{1}[/tex]
Thus , subscript for H in the empirical formula for this compound is 3.
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what are mettaloids?
Answer:
Los metaloides serían los elementos con propiedades intermedias. No existe una definición estandarizada de elemento metaloide ni un consenso completo sobre los elementos que son metaloides. A pesar de la falta de especificidad en el término, es muy utilizado en los textos químicos, tanto educativos como divulgativos o de investigación.
Explanation:
Pls help asap i will mark u brainlist
Answer:
not sure
Explanation:
Goo gle can help for sure lol that's what I do anyway good luck hope you get it right.
As atomic radius decreases, electronegativity __________. This is mostly because a smaller atomic radius represents a ________ hold on the valence ________.
As atomic radius decreases, electronegativity increases. This is mostly because a smaller atomic radius represents a stronger hold on the valence electrons.
A sample of gold weighing 38.6 g was added to a graduated cylinder containing 23.00 mL of water. The volume of the water plus the gold was 25.00 mL. What is the density of gold
Answer:
2.00 g mL -1
Explanation:
2.00 g mL -1
Answer:
19.3 g / ml
Explanation:
The volume of gold is the increase in the cylinder volume
volume = 2 ml
mass = 38.6 g
density = mass / volume = 38.6 / 2 = 19.3 g / cm^3
An aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is standardized by titration with a 0.167 M solution of nitric acid. If 16.6 mL of base are required to neutralize 27.7 mL of the acid, what is the molarity of the potassium hydroxide solution
The molarity of the potassium hydroxide solution is 0.150 mol/L.
Molar attention is a measure of the attention of a chemical species, in particular of a solute in an answer, in phrases of quantity of substance consistent with the unit extent of solution.
Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a sure volume of answer. Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute according to the liters of a solution. Molarity is also referred to as the molar attention of a solution.
Molarity is the wide variety of moles of solute consistent with the liter of answer. For example, in case you dissolve desk salt in water, salt is the solute, and water is the solution. One mole of sodium chloride weighs 58.44 grams. in case you dissolve 58.44 grams of NaCl in a single liter of water, you have got a one molar solution, abbreviated as 1M.
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what are all of the mole ratios in acetic acid
The mole ratio between sodium bicarbonate and that of acetic acid is 1:1
What is mole ratio?A mole ratio can be defined as that ratio in whole numbers between the amounts in moles of any two compounds involved in a balanced chemical reaction.
The mole ratio of each individual element is found by dividing the number of moles of each by the smallest number of moles.In conclusion, the mole ratio between sodium bicarbonate and that of acetic acid is 1:1
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Help please! very much appreciated
The answer would be:
In2(SO4)3 (Also known as Indium Solfate).
When a suitable alkyl halide is treated with a nucleophile, a substitution reaction can occur in which the leaving group is replaced by a(n) ____________. In an elimination reaction, a(n) ___________ is removed and a leaving group is expelled, giving an alkene.
When a suitable alkyl halide is treated with a nucleophile, a substitution reaction can occur in which the leaving group is replaced by a nucleophile.
In an elimination reaction , hydrogen halide is removed and a leaving group is expelled, giving an alkene.
In nucleophilic substitution reactions ,nucleophile attacks on the electrophilic group and replaces this group. In an elimination reaction, certain atoms in pair are removed from the compound.A Nucleophile is a electron rich reactant which provides electron in the reaction to form a bond. An Electrophile is a electron deficient group which accepts the electrons from a electron rich group.Learn more about nucleophiles here..
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A balloon with a volume of 2.0 l at 25°c is placed in a hot room at 35°c. the pressure on the balloon is constant at 1.0 atm. formula to use: v1 t1 = v2 t2 how does the volume of the balloon change after moving it to the hot room?
The volume increases and the final volume is 2.1 L
Why volume increases?The volume of a gas is directly related to the heat and pressure. If temperature increases, volume increases.
If pressure increases, volume decreases
Based on Boyle's law,
The absolute temperature of a gas is directly proportional to the volume of the gas.
As the balloon change increases its temperature, the volume increases
The Boyle's equation is:
V₁T₂ = V₂T₁
Where,
V is volume T is absolute temperature of 1, initial state and 2, final state of the gas.Replacing :
V₁ = 2.0L
T₂ = 35°C + 273.15 = 308.15K
V₂ = ?
T₁ = 25°C + 273.15 = 298.15 K
2.0L x 308.15 K = V₂ x 298.15 K
2.1 L = V₂
Final volume is 2.1L
Hence, The volume increases and the final volume is 2.1 L
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Answer:
increases, 2.1
Explanation:
I got it right.
What types of functional groups react to form the imine intermediate in the Strecker synthesis of amino acids
Strecker synthesis of amino acids:
Aldehyde and ketone are the functional groups that react to form the imine intermediate in the Strecker synthesis of amino acids.
Method of Strecker synthesis:
A method for synthesizing amino acids by the reaction of an aldehyde with ammonia in the presence of potassium cyanide is known as the Strecker amino acid synthesis. α-aminonitrile is produced by the condensation reaction, and this α-aminonitrile is then hydrolyzed to produce the required amino acid. The technique is applied commercially to make racemic methionine from methional.
Although primary and secondary amines also produce substituted amino acids, using ammonium salts only produces unsubstituted amino acids. Similar to this, using ketones in place of aldehydes results in amino acids that are α,α-disubstituted.
Reaction mechanism:
An aldehyde's carbonyl oxygen is protonated in the first phase of the reaction, which is followed by an ammonia nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon. Water is separated from the intermediate iminium ion after a second proton exchange. The iminium carbon is then attacked by a cyanide ion, resulting in an aminonitrile.
The aminonitrile's nitrile nitrogen is protonated in the second step of the Strecker Synthesis, and a water molecule attacks the nitrile carbon. Proton exchange and a nucleophilic attack of water on the former nitrile carbon are followed by the formation of a 1,2-diamino-diol. The protonation of the amino group is then followed by the elimination of ammonia, and eventually, the deprotonation of a hydroxyl group results in the production of amino acids.
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During strenuous exercise, the NADH formed in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction in skeletal muscle must be reoxidized to NAD if glycolysis is to continue. The most important reaction involved in the reoxidation of NADH is:
The most important reaction involved in the reoxidation of NADH is Pyruvate → lactate
Two ATP were generated as a net result of glycolysis, two NAD+ were converted to two NADH + H+, and two glucose molecules were divided into two pyruvate molecules.
Pyruvate will go through a process called fermentation when oxygen is absent.
The NADH + H+ from glycolysis will be recycled back to NAD+ during fermentation, allowing glycolysis to proceed.
NAD+ is converted during the glycolysis process into NADH + H+.
Glycolysis cannot proceed without the presence of NAD+.
The NADH produced during glycolysis will be oxidised to create new NAD+ during aerobic respiration, when it will be used once more in glycolysis.
Pyruvate will undergo oxidation in the absence of oxygen or if an organism is unable to engage in aerobic respiration.
Hence The most important reaction involved in the reoxidation of NADH is Pyruvate → lactate
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An enzyme _____. An enzyme _____. can bind to nearly any molecule is an organic catalyst increases the the activation energy of a reaction is a inorganic catalyst is a source of energy for endergonic reactions
An enzyme is an organic catalyst that can bind to nearly any molecule is an organic catalyst increases the activation energy of a reaction is an inorganic catalyst is a source of energy for endergonic reactions
Enzymes are substances that act as catalysts for living organisms and regulate the rate at which chemical reactions take place without a change in the process. The biological processes that occur in all living organisms are chemical reactions, most of which are controlled by enzymes.
Enzyme functions as an organic catalyst. A catalyst is a chemical that participates in a chemical reaction but is not modified by it. Many enzymes work by lowering the activation energy of the reaction.
Enzymes are called biocatalysts because they speed up the biochemical reactions of living organisms. Enzymes are called biocatalysts because they promote chemical reactions without changing the equilibrium state.
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Which of the following are elements? Select all that apply.
a. KBr
b. Li
c. CO
d. Ca
Answer: Choices B and D
Explanation: Elements are what you see on the periodic table and compounds are the product of you adding elements together. A good trick to find this is to look at capitalization. If it has more than one upper-case letter, it is most likely a compound. Elements either have only one upper-case letter or one upper-case letter followed by a lower-case letter. If we keep this in mind, we see that answers A and C can easily be dismissed. KBr is made with two elements, Potassium and Bromine. That leaves us with B and D, which are both elements.
Therefore, the correct answers are B. Li and D. Ca.
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What is an ethical vacuum?
A. When technology has created something for which we do not have an ethical framework yet.
B. A philosophy that ethics cannot exist in a vacuum, but need specific examples to be valid.
C. The situation of being without ethics.
D. A scientific idea that lacks ethics.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
when technology has created something for which we don't have an ethical framework is called ethical vacuum .
Answer: A
Explanation: A is the correct answer because when technology has created something in which we do not have an ethical framework yet its a called a vacuum.
5. A drinking water sample was analyzed for fecal contamination. There are 65 colonies from a 10-2 dilution and plated 0.1mL. What is the number of CFU's per milliliter of water
65 * 10^3 CFU's per milliliter of water.
CFU stands for a colony-forming unit. which means that cfu/g is a colony-forming unit in line with gram and CFU/ml is a colony-forming unit in step with milliliter. A colony-forming unit is where a colony of microbes grows on a petri dish, from one unmarried microbe.
Colony Forming devices are a time period from Microbiology. CFU offers an indication of the quantity of residing microorganisms in a liquid. This quantity, determined with the aid of counting the individual colonies, describes the number of cells of organisms within the water, which can be capable of multiplying.
Whilst you do plate be counted of micro organism you are making serial suspension dilution in saline buffer or any other diluent, and then you plate a sure quantity (one hundred microliters on a 9cm Petri plate) you unfold and incubate and then you definitely depend on the range of colonies shaped.
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How can one tell if a reaction is a redox reaction?
a. spectator ions are present.
b. elements change phases.
c. a precipitate is formed.
d. electrons are gained and lost.
submit
Answer:
D.) electrons are gained and lost.
Explanation:
Redox reactions involve the change in oxidation states of the reactants. Oxidized molecules lose electrons whereas reduced molecules gain electrons. In redox reactions, the oxidation number of oxidized molecules decreases and increases in reduced molecules.
Analysis of an unknown compound shows that it contains 1.04 grams K, 0.70 grams Cr, and 0.86 grams
O. Find the empirical formula of the compound.
A. K₂CrO4
B. KCrO2
C. KCRO
D. K₂CrO2
Answer:
1
Explanation:
1.04/MM = 1.04/39.09 = 0.0266 potassium moles
0.7/MM = 0.7/52 = 0.0133 chromium moles
0.86/MM =0.86/16 = 0.05375 oxygen moles
divide all the moles number by the lowest
0.0266/0.0133=2
0.0133/0.0133=1
0.05375/0.133=4
so the empirical formula is K2CrO4