what influence do sulfur particles formed by explosive volcanic eruptions have on global mean temperatures?
The influence that the sulfur particles formed by explosive volcanic eruptions have on global mean temperatures is.that it leads to cooling of the Earth's surface
What is the impact of the sulfur particles?When lava and gas are released from a volcano, sometimes explosively, this is known as an eruption. A "glowing avalanche," which occurs when recently erupted magma flows down the sides of a volcano, is the most hazardous type of eruption. They are capable of swift movement and can reach temperatures of 1,200 degrees Fahrenheit.
When volcanoes erupt, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are released. If enough of these gases are added to the atmosphere, they can cause climate warming. However, over the past 200 years, the overall long-term impact of volcanism has not been substantial enough to warm the climate.
The stratosphere is covered in a haze of tiny droplets created by the sulfuric acid, which reflects incoming solar radiation and cools the Earth's surface. The aerosols, which are moved by winds and can remain in the stratosphere for up to three years, significantly cool the entire planet.
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List the plates that compose the seafloor of the Pacific Ocean (10 plates) and Indian Ocean (5 plates).
Answer:
Here is a list of the plates that compose the seafloor of the Pacific Ocean:
Pacific Plate
Nazca Plate
Philippine Plate
Caroline Plate
Arabian Plate
Cocos Plate
Molucca Sea Plate
Philippine Sea Plate
Rivera Plate
Juan de Fuca Plate
Here is a list of the plates that compose the seafloor of the Indian Ocean:
Indian Plate
Australian Plate
Antarctic Plate
Somali Plate
Sunda Plate
geologists have extracted a drill core at point y for study. how many separate episodes of glaciation can be observed in the core?
Based on the information provided, it appears that there are three (3) separate episodes of glaciation that can be observed in the drill core at point Y.
The core contains three layers of till (a type of sediment deposited by glacial ice) that are separated by two paleosols (ancient soil layers). Each of the till layers contains erratics (rock fragments of different types) that suggest they were deposited by different glacial advances. The first till layer contains W1 and W2 erratics, the second till layer contains IL erratics, and the third till layer contains P2 erratics.
Therefore, the presence of three distinct layers of till with different types of erratics indicates that there were at least three separate episodes of glaciation in the area. The correct answer is therefore c. "3 glacial advances."
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The Orion nebula, M42, is a hot, thin cloud of glowing gas, so its spectrum is: 1) a few bright lines against a dark background. 2) a few dark line in the continuum. 3) a continuum, but with both bright and dark lines mixed in. 4) a continuum, strongest in the color red. 5) not in the visible portion of the spectrum.
Answer:
1) a few bright lines against a dark background.
Explanation:
The Orion nebula is in vast space, not surrounded by anything remotely luminous. Everything around it is pitch black. Hence, in a distance, it appears to be a small bright light in vast space.
the mineralized remains of organisms and the rock layers in which they are found
Correct answer is :- Fossils
Fossils are the preserved remains, or remnants of remains, of extinct species. The organism itself is not what is left in a fossil. They're rocks. Both the entire creature and its component parts can be preserved as a fossil. Foliage, shells, feathers, and bones can all turn into fossils. It doesn't matter how big or small a fossil is. Only under a microscope can one see microfossils. Among the microfossils are bacteria and pollen. Several meters long and weighing several tons, macrofossils are enormous. Petrified trees or the bones of dinosaurs are examples of macrofossils.
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make a claim that proposes an effective, long-term solution to minimize the erosion of topsoil into surface waters.
A claim that proposes an effective, long-term solution to minimize the erosion of topsoil into surface waters is by leaving more residue on the surface during the months when there are no crops growing, no-till farming can strengthen the soil's structure and lessen erosion.
What is the function of leaving more residue on the surface?Additionally crucial to soil and water conservation is residue management. Mulch made of crop residue applied at a rate of around 2.5 Mg/ha can cut soil loss by about 60%. Returning agricultural residue has other vital benefits as well, particularly for rainfed agriculture in dry and semi-arid areas. Crop residue cushions the impact of raindrops and deflects wind away from the soil's surface.
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scientists claim that south america was part of a large landmass called gondwana, which included antarctica and australia. which law or theory supports the claim?
Answer:
the continental drift theory
Explanation:
1) where the days and nights are equal throughout the year
1)north_pole
2)south_pole
3)equator
Answer:
Equator
Explanation:
wind direction and/or speed must change with height in order for a tornado to form. this is also known as
Answer:
Wind Shear
Explanation:
Wind shear is the change in wind speed and/or direction with height.
crushed stone quarries are typically located near cities and towns. group of answer choices true false
True. A quarry is a location where rocks, sand, or minerals are taken from the Earth's surface. Due to its accessibility to the Earth's surface, a quarry is a form of mine known as an open-pit mine.
An underground network of tunnels or shafts makes up a sub-surface mine. Quarries are most frequently used to extract stone for construction purposes. For thousands of years, people have used quarries. Large limestone and granite stones that were manually cut from adjacent quarries were used to construct the Great Pyramids by the ancient Egyptians. These blocks weigh many tons each. The extraordinarily difficult task of stone cutting in marble, granite, and limestone quarries was sometimes put upon slaves and criminals in ancient Rome. Quarrying was substantially more labour when it came to building materials. stones had to be hand pulled or carried out of quarries. Using pulley systems with ropes and movable wooden rails or sleds, stones could also be transported. Thousands of slaves and other labourers were frequently used in this operation. These moai statues were made of stones that was transported from a quarry to various locations on the island. The largest moai is 86 tons in weight. How these prehistoric Polynesian people transported their quarries rock is still being researched by scientists.
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scientists claim that south america was part of a large landmass called gondwana, which included antarctica and australia. which law or theory supports the claim?
What law or theory supports the claim is Fossil Evidence.
What is fossil evidence?Fossil evidence shows how organisms evolved and how a "tree of life" can be used to illustrate this process, demonstrating the interconnectedness of all species. Rocks can also be dated using fossils. The preserved remnants or traces of extinct animals, plants, and other species are known as fossils. Because they demonstrate that earlier life on Earth was distinct from the species present now, fossils are crucial pieces of evidence for evolution. The plant Glossopteris may be the most significant piece of fossil evidence yet discovered. Because of its tongue-shaped leaves, the Glossopteris, the biggest genus of extinct seed ferns, is known as a woody, seed-bearing tree.
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consider charleston, south carolina. charleston is located at the end of a narrow peninsula. how great a rise in sea level would be needed to turn charleston into an island?
The Charleston metropolitan area is one of the fastest growing areas in the country, with population growth that is three times faster than the average.
To make room for newcomers to the area, huge swaths of cropland and coastal forests have been removed and developed in recent decades. Some of the changes are seen in the pair of natural-color Landsat photos above, the first taken in 1985 and the second in 2020.
While urbanised regions are grey, forests and wetlands are green. James Island, Johns Island, Daniel Island, West Ashley, and Mount Pleasant are among the locations that have seen extensive development.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. gas moves from an area of ________ partial pressure to an area of ________ partial pressure.
Answer:
gas moves from an area of _high_ partial pressure to an area of _low_ partial pressure.
Is this statement true or false?
The Andes region of South America contains one of the world's largest rain forests.
true or false
One problem that can result from agriculture is salinization (2 points).
i. Describe how salinization occurs
ii. Describe one method to prevent or remediate soil salinization
When dissolved salts in water tables raise to the soil's surface and build up as water evaporates, salinization happens. The replacement of deeply rooted vegetation, like trees, with species with shorter roots, like grasses, frequently causes a rise in the water table.
What are the method to prevent soil salinization?The effectiveness of irrigation canals can be increased, salty drainage water can be captured and treated, desalination facilities can be installed, and more water can be pumped into aquifers as solutions. Crops can also be mulched to conserve water.
To combat salinization and raise agricultural output, use a variety of methods:
Boost drainage for improved flushing To control economic risk and to guarantee land cover, plant crops that can withstand salt.To learn more about salinization
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rank of reservoirs of freshwater on earth by volume, with that containing the highest volume first
Additionally, more than 68 percent of the world's freshwater is trapped in glaciers and ice rank of reservoirs of freshwater on earth by volume, with that containing the highest volume first.
In the ground, there is an additional 30% of freshwater. Less than 1/150th of one percent, or 22,300 cubic miles (93,100 cubic kilometers), of the world's fresh surface water comes from rivers and lakes. The latest research reveals that underground water is the greatest store of water on land, measuring 44 million cubic kilometers and exceeding the amount of Earth's ice sheets. When combined with earlier estimations of shallower groundwater. Most of that three percent, according to the U.S. Geological Survey, is inaccessible. Icecaps and glaciers contain more than 68% of the fresh water on Earth, and groundwater makes up little over 30%. just about 0.3 percent of our fresh water is found in the surface water of lakes, rivers, and swamps reservoirs.
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According to the chart, which country's HDI has improved the most since
1995?
According to the chart Rwanda HDI has improved the most since 1995.
HDI: Human Development Index.
HDI is a composite index of life expectancy, education, and income indices to rank countries on their human development. The HDI combines three factors:
1.Life expectancy at birth
2.Education
3.Income
The HDI is often used as a measure of the economic level and human development of a country. It has three components, the basic requirements of material well-being, the ability to provide education for children, and the ability to provide a high standard of living for the family.
HDI was designed in 1990.
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what is the rock cycle? explain how one rock type can eventually become a different rock type over millions of years.
A rock cycle is a fundamental concept that shows the transitions among the three basic rock types (metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary).
The rock cycle is a fundamental geological concept that describes transitions through geologic time between the three major rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. When a rock type is forced out of its equilibrium conditions, it changes.
When exposed to the atmosphere, an igneous rock such as basalt may break down and dissolve, or it may melt as it is subducted beneath a continent. Rocks do not remain in equilibrium as they encounter new environments due to the driving forces of the rock cycle, plate tectonics, and the water cycle.
The rock cycle describes how the three types of rocks are related to one another and how processes shift from one type to another over time.
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Minerals are extracted from the earth through various mining practices.
true
false
True , Minerals are extracted from the earth through various mining practices.
Mining is the process of removing economically important minerals or other geological materials from the earth, typically from orebodies, lodes, veins, seams, reefs, or placer deposits.
What effects does mining have on the environment?Because of minerals are found in the Earth, mining has a significant impact on the natural environment. Acid drainage, erosion, and dust emissions are some of the long-term impacts of mining.
The difference in density between the mixture's constituent parts has served as the foundation for all of these operations. When separating heterogeneous mixes of two types, such as liquid + solid and immiscible liquids, they are frequently utilised in tandem.
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rocks formed from materials eroded from already existing rocks, from the evaporation of water, from the hard outer shells of marine organisms, or from decomposing vegetation are called
Rocks formed from materials eroded from already existing rocks, from the evaporation of water, from the hard outer shells of marine organisms, or from decomposing vegetation are called sedimentary rock.
Sedimentary Rock Formation ProcessThe process of forming sedimentary rocks involves four main processes, namely weathering, transportation, deposition, and compaction. The following is the process of formation of sedimentary rocks:
1. Weathering
Is the breakdown of rock, soil, minerals, and wood and man-made materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, waters, and biological organisms. Weathering occurs in place of origin with little or no movement.
Weathering involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents, such as water, ice, snow, wind, waves, and gravity to be transported and stored in other locations. There are three important classifications of weathering processes, namely physical, chemical and biological weathering.
a. Physical Weathering, is a weathering process that involves direct contact with atmospheric conditions, such as heat, water, ice, and pressure.
b. Chemical weathering is weathering due to the direct effects of atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals.
c. Biological Weathering, is weathering caused by living things and caused by the processes of animal, plant and human organisms.
2. Transportation
The process of transporting material from the place of origin to the place of deposition. This process requires transportation agents in the form of gravity, wind, glaciers, and water.
3. Precipitation
Sedimentation is the geological process when sediments resulting from weathering processes or soil and rock are added to a lower lying area transported by wind, glaciers, water, and gravity.
4. Compaction and Cementation
Compaction occurs when sediments are buried deeply, placing them under pressure due to the weight of the layer above them.
Meanwhile, cement is a new mineral that attaches to sediment grains like cement binds sand grains to building materials.
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identify the pattern of changes in temperature and precipitation based on elevation.
As a result of the lower temperature and atmosphere at higher elevations being unable to keep in as much condensation, precipitation occurs considerably more often there, either as rain or snow.
What is precipitation ?Any liquid and frozen water that condenses in the atmosphere and falls to the ground is known as precipitation. Rain, and snow are its effects . Precipitation is one of the three main processes that make up the global water cycle.
Precipitation is highly impacted by elevation, particularly in mountainous areas. Precipitation is heavier on a mountain's windward side.
Every 1,000 feet of elevation gain results in a 5.4 degree Fahrenheit drop in temperature.
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A mT air mass is likely to be than a cT air mass because the mT air mass A. wetter; forms over the ocean B. drier; is a cold air mass C. drier; forms under the equatorial low D. wetter; is warmer than the cT air mass E. hotter; forms over the ocean
Answer:
A. wetter; forms over the ocean
Explanation:
The air mass over the ocean is more wet compared to air mass on land since the ocean has water which is wet while air-mas over land is drier since there is a lack in abundance of water on land.
what is the most dominant force of landforms in a mountainous terrain?
Answer:
Tectonic plate movement under the Earth can create landforms by pushing up mountains and hills. Erosion by water and wind can wear down land and create landforms like valleys and canyons.
On this map of the south Atlantic, what is the feature that makes a zigzag pattern on the seafloor? island arc linear island chain subduction zone mid-ocean ridge none of these
On this map of the south Atlantic, the feature that makes a zigzag pattern on the seafloor is the mid-ocean ridge.
With a lenght of about 65,00 Km and more than 90% of the mountain range submerged in the deep ocean, the mid ocean ridge is the largest chain of mountains on earth.
A system of seabed mountains called a mid-ocean ridge (MOR) was created by plate tectonics.
It normally rises around 2,000 metres (6600) feet above the lowest part of an ocean basin. It is around 2600 metres deep. This features respresents the location of a divergent plate boundary where seafloor spreading occurs.
The shape of the mid ocean ridge's crest and its width in an ocean basin usually depend on the rate of seafloor spreading.
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Fill in the blanks using the correct words
a. Anthracite is a metamorphic type of ________________ .
b. Heat, pressure, and ______________ turn igneous and sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks.
c. Fluids in rocks _________________________ up metamorphism.
d. ____________________ rocks recrystallize to form metamorphic rocks.
e. Minerals are just __________________ to recrystallize in low-grade metamorphic rocks.
f. Minerals in metamorphic rocks _____________________when heat and pressure is exerted on rocks.
g. Metamorphic rocks are rocks of ______________________ .
h. Rocks that _______________________ due to heat and pressure become igneous rocks.
i. Heat and pressure usually work to form new _________________________ rocks.
j. Graphite and ______________________ are both made of pure carbon.
Answer:
a. Anthracite is a metamorphic type of coal.
b. Heat, pressure, and time turn igneous and sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks.
c. Fluids in rocks speed up metamorphism.
d. Sedimentary rocks recrystallize to form metamorphic rocks.
e. Minerals are just beginning to recrystallize in low-grade metamorphic rocks.
f. Minerals in metamorphic rocks recrystallize when heat and pressure is exerted on rocks.
g. Metamorphic rocks are rocks of change.
h. Rocks that melt due to heat and pressure become igneous rocks.
i. Heat and pressure usually work to form new metamorphic rocks.
j. Graphite and diamond are both made of pure carbon.
Suppoe a cell i eriouly deprived of water. How might thi lack of water affect the cell' enzyme? Explain. Help it’ 7th grade cience homework!!
A cell would most likely experience enzyme dysfunction if it were severely dehydrated because: The cytoplasm and plasma membrane would not operate normally deprived.
Water is necessary for both plant and animal cells to carry out their fundamental tasks, such as moving materials, distributing waste, producing genetic material, and many other things. As a result, it is clear that if any of these cells were to get dehydrated, a severe issue would arise since the cytoplasm and plasma membrane would be unable to perform protein synthesis and other crucial tasks, causing them to partially shut down. A chemical compound is a substance that is made up of numerous similar molecules made up of atoms from different elements and kept together by chemical bonds. Chemical compounds cannot be created when atoms of the same element are bound together in a molecule because this would need the presence of two separate elements. The body depends on inorganic substances for a variety of basic processes. Water (H2O), bimolecular oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and a few acids, bases, and salts are the main inorganic substances. 60–75% of the body is made up of water. it aids in chemical processes, cellular structure and size, and temperature regulation in the cell. The necessary chemical processes for life would stop or become sluggish deprived.
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You have carried out your own fieldwork investigating variations in the quality of life within urban areas. Evaluate the relative importance of primary and secondary data in your investigation. (8)
The goal of geographic fieldwork is to learn new things about individuals, communities, and surroundings. This could entail creating tests to evaluate a geographic question or questions, gathering data that is meaningful and pertinent to the chosen question.
What fieldwork investigating variations in the quality of life?Students and scholars can investigate how scientific theories relate to everyday life through fieldwork. Both the social and scientific sciences benefit from field research. Social sciences like economics and history put a heavy emphasis on people, culture, and society.
Therefore, Primary fieldwork aims to fully immerse students in their environment, including listening to city noise, feeling smooth rocks on the beach, smelling the air, experiencing the texture of autumn leaves in the woods, and so forth.
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After World War II, the former Soviet Union
A. controlled Polish territory
B. forced Poles to become Roman Catholic
JOC
C.
D.
forced people to move to the former Soviet Union
allowed people to live freely
After World War Two, Poland did not regain its independence. With the open complicity of the victorious Allies, the Soviet Union, which had initially attacked Poland, took the entirety of Polish territory after the great struggle. Thus, the correct option is A.
What was World War Two?The Second World War, often known as World War II, was a war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 and touched practically every part of the planet.
The primary combatants were the Axis forces, which consisted of Germany, Italy, and Japan, and the Allies, which included France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and to a lesser extent, China.
After an uneasy 20-year break, the war in many ways carried on the conflicts that World War I left unresolved.
As the largest and bloodiest war in history, World War II claimed the lives of between 40 and 50 million people.
One of the major turning points in global history of the 20th century, along with World War I, was World War II.
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Most deserts occur at approximately 30° latitudes. Which of the following statements BEST reflects this finding?
Westerlies pull all moisture away from land and to the ocean at 30° latitude.
Trade winds pull all moisture away from land and to the ocean at 30° latitude.
Warm dry air descends at 30° latitude.
Cool dry air descends at 30° latitude.
Most deserts occur at approximately 30° latitudes. Because cool dry air descends at 30° latitude.
Why does it rain less at latitudes around 30 degrees?However, by the time it gets to around 30 degrees north and south latitude, it's chilly enough to settle back to the surface. Drier circumstances result from the high pressure (H) that is produced. These latitudes are home to the majority of the planet's deserts.
What takes place at latitude 30 degrees?The horse latitudes are subtropical areas distinguished by calm breezes and low rainfall. Regions known as the horse latitudes are those that are around 30 degrees north and south of the equator. Little precipitation and calm winds are characteristics of these latitudes.
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describe the types of volcanic activity and associated volcanic hazards you would expect during an eruption of a cascade volcano such as rainier, hood
The Cascade volcanoes are composite volcanoes and erupt effusively.
The hazards of composite volcanoes consist of the preliminary pyroclastic going with the drift of expelled volcanic particles, which does harm to the on-the-spot area across the volcano and the temperature of which could soften accrued snow and ice, main to an event known as a lahar.Lahars are slurries of snow and ice mixed with expelled volcanic fabric that tour downstream from the volcano with sizeable unfavorable electricity and could smash any systems of their path (ex. bridges).Lahars are the finest danger posed via way of means of a destiny eruption of Mount Rainier - particles from a previous lahar resulting from an eruption at Rainier are understood to have traveled to Puget Sound.Another chance of those volcanoes is ashfall - airborne ash expelled at some stage in the eruption - which could smash systems below the burden of accrued ash, motive damage to engines and different uncovered shifting parts, or even show deadly to humans/animals if an excessive amount of ash is inhaled.Additionally, if the eruption and ensuing ashfall are severe enough, it has the capability to cause worldwide cooling - consisting of that visible after the eruption of Mount Pinatubo - because of sulfides withinside the ash reflecting sunlight.Subduction zones like the Cascades produce composite volcanoes - additionally known as stratovolcanoes - that erupt silica-wealthy andesite and rhyolite magmas.Due to the viscous nature of silica-wealthy magma observed at composite volcanoes like the ones withinside the Cascades, eruptions can be explosive if the magma consists of gas.To learn more about Mount Pinatubo,
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