The inheritance in humans is more complex as compared to the inheritance in plants as described by Mendel.
Mendelian inheritance patterns mostly refer to the inheritance of traits controlled by a single gene with two alleles. In plants, most characteristics are governed by a single gene but in humans, most of the traits are polygenic which means that they are governed by more than one gene.
Also, most of the genes in humans have more than two alleles and hence they do not follow simple Mendelian inheritance patterns.
In humans, the males have only one X chromosome (that contains sex-linked traits) and females have two X chromosomes, this also leads to more complex patterns of dosage compensation and inheritance in humans and they do not follow the basic Mendelian laws as the plants do.
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Poinsettias flower in December and January.
Which term best describes this kind of plant?
O A. Short-day plant
OB. Day-neutral plant
O C. Nonflowering plant
OD. Long-day plant
In the Channel Islands Ecosystem described in this lesson, which of the organisms would you
describe as the keystone species? Provide evidence from the information above and scientific
reasoning from the ideas you learned throughout the unit.
Answer:when visiting the Channel Islands, you can't help but be amazed by creatures such as the island fox, night lizard, deer mouse, island scrub jay, and ashy storm-petrel, just to name a few of the endemic species. The Channel Islands were also once home to the pygmy mammoth, a now extinct dwarf elephant that evolved in this insular environment.
Along with these endemic species are many of what biologists call invasive species, species that originated from elsewhere but have found a home in the Channel Islands. These include sweet fennel, olive trees, and Australian blue gum trees. For a time, elk and deer could also be found here as well.
Explanation:
discuss the role that microbiologists can and have played in helping to reduce the number of infections caused by parasitic helminths
Invertebrates with long, flat, or rounded bodies are known as helminths. These are the parasitic worms which cause a no. of diseases, including some that affect the musculoskeletal system.
An example of two most common helminths which are known to be pathogenic to humans are:
1) Ascaris , the common round worm which causes ascariasis. Its symptoms are internal bleeding, muscular discomfort, fever, etc.
2) Wuchereria (W. bancrofti and W. malayi), the filarial worm that causes filariasis (elephantiasis) . Lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs & genital organs are frequently affected.
The roles that microbiologists play in helping to reduce the number of infections caused by parasitic helminths are :
1) They detect parasites at an early stage of infection, resulting in less harm to the host.
2) The diagnosis provides useful information for identifying and recovering from human parasites.
3) Microbiologists thoroughly research these parasites in an effort to understand how these helminths function, develop, and interact with their surroundings.
4) They collect the sample (feces in case of these diseases) and test them for the parasites that are or maybe the illness's cause.
5) They also provide information on the anthelmintic medications' in vitro activity against the discovered parasite.
6) They also study the life cycle of the parasites which determines their impact on food web structure.
7) Their study indicates whether the disease is infectious or non-infectious so that the precautions can be taken accordingly.
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Which are characteristics of epithelial cells? Select two options.
Answer:
Epithelial tissue is composed of cells laid out in sheets with strong cell-to-cell attachments. These protein connections hold the cells together to form a tightly connected layer that is avascular but innervated in nature.
The epithelial cells are nourished by substances diffusing from blood vessels in the underlying connective tissue. One side of the epithelial cell is oriented towards the surface of the tissue, body cavity, or external environment and the other surface is joined to a basement membrane. The basement layer is non-cellular in nature and helps to cement the epithelial tissue to the underlying structures.
In addition to carcinoma of the prostate, elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can occur due to:
Answer: Your answer would be C: benign prostatic hyperplasia
Explanation: In addition to prostate cancer, several benign (not cancerous) conditions can cause a person's PSA level to rise, particularly prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (enlargement of the prostate)
Which of the following is transcribed into a protein?
DNA
Purine
RNA
Pyrimidine
Suppose a segment of DNA contains five restriction sites for a particular restriction enzyme. How many fragments of DNA will remain after the enzyme is used to cut the DNA
If a segment of DNA contains five restriction sites for a particular restriction enzyme then 6 fragments of DNA will remain after the enzyme is used to cut the DNA.
What are restriction sites?A specific restriction enzyme attaches to a section of DNA called the restriction site, which has a length of 6–8 base pairs. There are numerous restriction enzymes that have been identified in bacteria. By cleaving the viral DNA, they naturally render invasive viruses inactive. Type II restriction enzymes identify restriction sites and break the DNA at certain places inside or close to the restriction site.Bacteria include restriction enzymes (and other prokaryotes). They identify and attach to particular DNA sequences known as restriction sites. Only one or a few restriction sites are recognized by each restriction enzyme.These enzymes locate the restriction sites, attach to them, and then cleave the DNA by cutting at or close to these places.To learn more about Restriction sites refer to:
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1. A man with hemophilia (a recessive, sex-linked condition) has a daughter without
hemophilia who marres a man without hemophilia. What is the probability of their
daughter having hemophilia? Their son? If they have four sons, that all will be affected?
A man with hemophilia (a sex-linked recessive condition) has a daughter without hemophilia, the probability of their children having hemophilia is 50%, out of 4 children probably 2 will have hemophilia and 2 will not have hemophilia.
What is recessive and dominant?The dominant term is related to the genetic transmission of a trait and is represented, in biology, by a capital letter (A, B or V). While recessive, represented by a lowercase letter (a, b or v), they represent genetic traits transmitted only in the absence of the dominant gene.
With this information, we can conclude that Recessive genes produce proteins considered “defective” as they become inactive. That is, they are hidden (recessive) with the presence of a dominant gene manifesting their characteristics in the absence of their dominant allele.
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If blood is splashed in the eye or any mucous membrane, flush the affected area with running water for:
If blood is splashed in the eye or any mucous membrane, flush the affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes.
What is Mucus Membrane ?
Organ mucosa is made up of lamina propria, a loose connective tissue layer underneath, and one or more layers of epithelial cells that create mucus. Different organs secrete different types of cells and mucus, and each kind might change along a particular route.
What to do after an exposure to sharps or body fluids?
Wash the area with soap and water after being exposed by a needlestick or cut. Inform your supervisor or the person in charge of the exposure as soon as possible. There will be a policy at your place of employment describing what to do if you are exposed.learn more about purpose of mucous membrane at https://brainly.in/app/ask?entry=hero&q=mucous+membrane
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If blood is splashed in the eye or any mucous membrane, flush the affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes.
Have the person promptly rinse their eye(s) under running water, a warm shower, or a clean water container. Face of the individual should be held with the injured eye down and to the side. A high-pressure water stream should never be directed at the eye or eyes.
Use warm water to flush for 15 to 30 minutes.
What are the risks of infection from blood?
The likelihood of contracting an infection increases if you break or pierce your skin while coming into contact with contaminated blood. For instance, if you pierce your skin with a sharp tool that has contaminated blood on it, like a used needle.
If blood only comes into touch with your eyes, mouth, nose, or already broken skin, the danger of contracting an infection from it is reduced. For instance, if someone spits in your face, their saliva may contain blood and could end up in your mouth, nose, or eyes.
Additionally, infectious saliva may enter an already open wound, graze, or scratch. If infected, there is relatively little danger of infection. If infected blood comes into contact with intact skin, the chance of infection is quite low.
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diffusion is the movement of a molecule from an area of high to an area of low concentration. true false
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
Diffusion is the movement from a high and more static concentration to a low and more loose concentration. It is used to describe the movement of substances into and out of a particular cell.
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Question is in the pic!
The students observation was that the artificial fertilizer caused his plants to grow faster than unfertilised soil and his inference is that he would want to know if natural compost would have the same effect as the fertilizer on his plant.
What is observation and inference?Observation is defined as the step in scientific research that involves the gathering of information from an observed object under study.
Inference is defined as the process of drawing conclusions based on evidence and reasoning in a research work.
For the student to be able to draw a conclusion on this experiment, he would have to set up a plant with the natural compost soil and another plant with unfertilised soil as his control.
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The stems and leaves of many grasses, and sometimes the entire grass plant, die each year during the dry or cold season. The dry husks of the grasses easily burn so that grass fires during the dry season are common. The result is that many trees cannot grow in these grasslands because they are stunted by fire. If trees could grow readily in these areas, they would rob grasses of sunlight and water. What does this phenomenon tell us about natural selection and adaptations that help organisms send their genes to the next generation?
The organisms would never sacrifice themselves so that other organisms carrying their genes can survive. Thus, option "B" is correct.
What is Natural selection?Natural selection is the process in which the species are adapted to their environment.
Natural selection leads to evolution when the people having certain characteristics possess the greater chance of survival than the others that are not adapted to the changes, these adapted characteristics are passed to the next generations.
Hence, option "B" is correct.
A)sometimes adaptations don't really work if they actually kill the organism
B)organisms would never sacrifice themselves so that other organisms carrying their genes can survive
C)trees are inferior to grasses in evolutionary adaptations
D)plants don't obey the rules of evolution that animals follow
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What will the likely effect be if the bulbourethral gland in males fails to perform its function?
The sperm will be immature and sperm count will be lower if the bulbourethral gland in males fails to perform its function
The bulbourethral gland or Cowper's gland, which is homologous to the Bartholin's gland in females, produces pre-ejaculate that cleanses and lubricates the urethra prior to the arrival of the semen.
The Cowper's glands or bulbourethral glands produce the first fluid that leaves the urethra in order to neutralize the acid left from the urine. The sperm like a basic or alkaline environment in order to survive. If the function of the Cowper's glands or bulbourethral glands fails to perform its function then the sperm will not get a proper medium to travel and will get diminished in the urethra and the sperm count will get reduced.
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Although fossils had been recognized as extraordinary objects since ancient times, it was only through the work of __________________ that they came to be generally accepted as mineralized remains of exotic ancient life forms
Soviet scientist Ivan Efremov
Taphonomy is a study of how organisms decay and fossilize or are preserved in paleontological records. The term taphonomy (from Greek Taphony, τάφος "funeral" and Nomos, νόμος "law") was introduced into paleontology by the Soviet scientist Ivan Yefremov in 1940. From the biosphere to the lithosphere,
Fossils are the remains or traces of ancient life preserved through natural processes, from magnificent skeletons to small shells.
Fossils are formed in a variety of ways, but most fossils are formed when plants and animals die in an aquatic environment and are buried in mud or silt. As a result, soft tissue is quickly destroyed, leaving hard bones and shells. Over time, sediments accumulate on top and solidify into rocks.
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When a pigment molecule in a light-harvesting complex absorbs a photon of light, what happens to its excited-state electron?.
When a pigment molecule in a light-harvesting complex absorbs a photon of light, While returning to its ground state, the electron transfers some of the energy from its excited state to an electron in a nearby pigment molecule.
It takes a photon of light energy some distance before it reaches a pigment molecule like chlorophyll. An electron in the chlorophyll is "activated" by the photon. The energy imparted to the electron then moves from one pigment molecule to another until it reaches the reaction center, a pair of chlorophyll a molecules. An electron in the reaction center is then excited by this energy, causing it to break loose and travel to the primary electron acceptor.Therefore, it is said that the reaction center "donates" one electron to the main electron acceptor.learn more about light-harvesting complex here:
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How does the energy move from organism to organism in the food chain (who eats who)?
Answer:
predators consuming prey transfers the energy that the prey original received from plants which get their energy from the sun
What is a benefit of using technology to transport water?
A. Habitats can be displaced or entirely lost.
B. Crops can be irrigated and grown in new areas.
C. Freshwater supplies can be depleted in an area.
D. Wetlands can dry out and sinkholes can form.
How does codominance at the molecular level help to explain why evolutionary processes haven't resulted in the elimination of the sickle-cell allele among people of African descent
Heterozygous individuals have both normal and sickle-cell hemoglobin in their red blood cells and reduced vulnerability to malaria.
What is codominance?In terms of genetics, codominance is a sort of inheritance in which two distinct expressions (alleles) of the same gene result in distinct features in a person.
The expression of both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote is codominant. Offspring are produced as a result, and their phenotype is neither dominant nor recessive. According to the notion of incomplete dominance, this sort of inheritance happens when the phenotype is in between that of the parents and that of the child.
Red blood cells with the A antigen are represented by the IA allele, whereas red blood cells with the B antigen are represented by the IB allele. Since both the normal and sickled shapes can be seen in the blood, the allele is codominant in this way. Consequently, having two recessive alleles causes one to have type O blood.
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It has been determined that the temperature in an autoclave should reach __________ for sterilization.
The temperature in an autoclave must reach 121° C in order for sterilization to occur.
Sterilization using autoclavesAutoclaves are used to wet-sterilize materials in the laboratory.
In order for the sterilization to be effective, the temperature of the autoclave must reach 121° C.
Also, substances to be sterilized must spend, at least, 30 minutes in the autoclave.
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The fossil record of horses shows ___________ trend in both the overall size of species and a reduction in the number of digits.
The fossil records of the horses show the active trend in terms of both the species size and reduction in the number of digits.
Fossil records:
It is a documented record that defines the history of life or evolution. It is used to identify the ages of the ancestors or primitive organisms . It is used to evaluate the difference between the organisms in today’s world with the ancient world.
The horses have evolved themselves over time.The most primitive horse was Hyracotherium which is about 60 million years ago having size of only 0.4 m having four toes.
Mesohippus, which was 40 millions years ago, had only three toes to move on the ground.Merichippus, which was 30 millions years ago , had only a middle toe and hoof.Pliohippus, which is around 10 million years old , had only a middle toe.Equus, which is 1 million years old , had only a single hoof to run on the ground.Modern horse, In today’s world having a single toe in a hoof.Learn more about fossil records from here,
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During a hot dry day a plant begins to wilt and the stomata are closed. What would happen to oxygen and carbon dioxide levels inside of the tissues of the leaf
When the stomata close, CO2 levels drop and oxygen (O2) levels increase.
What are its implications?Carbon dioxide in the air spaces in the leaf decreases, oxygen in the air spaces in the leaf increases.This imbalance in CO2/O2 results in an efficiency decrease because oxygen is now being fixed by enzyme (RuBisCO) to that five-carbon compound instead of carbon dioxide. This is called photorespiration which is a wasteful process.Learn more about photorespiration here:
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Evolution has wired the human brain to allocate more attention to __________________ stimuli. Evolution has wired the human brain to allocate more attention to __________________ stimuli.
Evolution has wired the human brain to allocate more attention to Dangerous or threatening stimuli.
Threat-detection mechanisms are expected to occur at a range of levels due to their evolutionary importance. A recent face recognition study reveals that when fresh stimuli are presented as fear-related, their processing is accelerated. This supports the existence of a sophisticated, context-sensitive threat-detection mechanism that is capable of adapting to the diverse and specific spatiotemporal characteristics of the environment.The evolutionary theory of emotion holds that our emotions exist because they play an adaptive function. People are more likely to succeed and survive when they respond swiftly to environmental cues as a result of emotions.learn more about threatening stimuli here: https://brainly.com/question/10608716
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Similiar to macrophages, _______ cells are products of the monocytic cell line that reside throughout the tissues and present antigen to lymphocytes.
Similiar to macrophages, dendritic cells are products of the monocytic cell line that reside throughout the tissues and present antigen to lymphocytes.
What is monocytic cell line?Monocytic cell line is defined as the cell line that is used to study the functions, mechanisms and signaling pathways of monocytes and macrophages.
Macrophages and dendritic cells are found in the same cell line because they are both antigen presenting cells for the lymphocytes.
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Identify the flower parts labeled A-G
Martha has a widow's peak (dominant trait) and attached earlobes (recessive trait). Martha's dad had a straight hairline and unattached earlobes. If Martha marries a man that is heterozygous for both traits, what is the probability that they will have a child with a widow's peak and attached earlobes
Answer:
There is a 25% percent chance that the child will have unattached earlobes, and a 50% percent chance that the child will have a widows peak.
Explanation:
The pancreatic hormones function together to stabilize blood glucose concentration through a negative feedback mechanism. The pancreatic hormone __________ lowers blood glucose levels, while __________ raises blood glucose levels
The pancreatic hormones function together to stabilize blood glucose concentration through a negative feedback mechanism. The pancreatic hormone insulin lowers blood glucose levels, while glucagon raises blood glucose levels.
Glucagon is a hormone that your pancreas makes to assist adjust your blood glucose (sugar) stages. Glucagon will increase your blood sugar degree and prevents it from dropping too low, whereas insulin, another hormone, decreases blood sugar ranges.
Insulin and glucagon work in what is known as a negative feedback loop. Throughout this system, one event triggers every other, which triggers some other, and so forth, to hold your blood sugar stages balanced.
The management of blood sugar (glucose) by insulin is a good instance of a poor comment mechanism. when blood sugar rises, receptors inside the frame sense a change. In turn, the manipulate center (pancreas) secretes insulin into the blood effectively lowering blood sugar levels.
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Select the correct answer from each drop down menu researcher was studying mutations in bateria.he found that certain bateria had changes in there dna that allowed them to be resistant to antibiotics.this research is an example of blank.the mutation will lead to blank
A researcher was studying mutations in bacteria. He found that certain bacteria had changes in their DNA that allowed them to be resistant to antibiotics. This research is an example of evolutionary genetics. The mutation will lead to all the bacteria becoming resistant to the antibiotic.
Genetic evolution :
Evolutionary genetics examines the relationship between genetic variation and evolutionary change. As a result of the recent expansion in the availability of whole genome sequence data, large amounts of genetic data are being produced at an increasing rate, making programming an indispensable tool for researchers.
The spread of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria is a straightforward and elegant example of adaptation through natural selection. Through mutations that alter the biological targets of antibiotics or by obtaining resistance genes from other bacteria, microorganisms can develop resistance to antibiotics.
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If an agriculture field is sprayed with insecticides, often the ______ insects are replaced by ______ insects that are no longer affected by the insecticide.
If an agriculture field is sprayed with insecticides, often the non-resistant insects are replaced by resistant insects that are no longer affected by the insecticide.
A heritable alteration in a pest population's susceptibility to a certain insecticide or set of insecticides is known as insecticide resistance.Regardless of how a crop protection was created, insects may evolve a resistance to it. A chemical or biological weapon, a gene from the crop species that has been bred into commercial plants using traditional plant breeding techniques, or a gene inserted using recombinant DNA technology could all be used as a crop defense.Due to their unique genetic make-up, a tiny fraction of the pest population may survive exposure to a pesticide after its initial application. The genes for resistance are passed on to the following generation by these people.learn more about resistance here: https://brainly.com/question/13092147
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What do you think contributes the most to the negative feelings associated with adolescence? are the majority of negative feelings generated from biological, cognitive, or psychosocial influences? 250 word count please.
The negative feelings associated with adolescence are mostly associated with psychosocial influences.
What are Psychosocial factors?These factors depicts how the environment influences the physical and mental well being of the individual.
Adolescents are easily influenced by peer pressure which is a part of their immediate environment thereby making it the most appropriate choice.
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Match The Animals With Their Characteristics.
Answer:
spider with second option (spiders have an open circulatory system.)
earthworm with first option
starfish with forth option
Explanation: