Answer:
Command economy advantages include low levels of inequality and unemployment, and the common good replacing profit as the primary incentive of production. Command economy disadvantages include lack of competition and lack of efficiency.
Which fund classification would a focus on only stocks of technology companies match?
a. Growth fund
b. Sector fund
c. Balanced fund
d. International fund
Answer:a
Explanation:
1. What do you call the basic unit of storage for computers?
A. "A file"
B. "A folder"
C. "A subfolder"
D. "An application”
2. What is computer software designed to help a person perform useful tasks
called?
A. "A PowerPoint"
B. "A browser"
C. "An application"
1 cuiten
Answer:
I believe 1 would be A. "A file" and 2 would be C. "An application" Hoped this helped, if I'm wrong please let me know!
The basic unit of storage for computers is called as the “A file”, and the computer software designed to help a person perform useful tasks called “An application”.
What is Computer?A computer is defined as a digital electrical device that can be created mentally to execute arithmetical or logical transactions in a predetermined sequence.
Computer program are generic aggregations of dealings that modern computers can do. These programs countenance computers to conduct out a mixture of projects.
The “A file” is the untold elementary unit of computer storage, and “An application” is computer software planned to assist a individual in executing useful tasks.
Therefore, option A is correct for 1, and C is correct for C.
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Pinterest is a website where you collect ideas, images, and videos and organize them by creating boards. On its website Pinterest describes itself as “A few (million) of your favorite things” and pictures its cross-platform capability of a computer screen and a cell phone. Pinterest effectively communicates the benefit of its product to a visitor through the description and the images. What has Pinterest conveyed clearly on its website?
Answer:
Its Value Proposition
Explanation:
What are some of the reasons businesses fail?
Answer:
The most common reasons businesses fail include a lack of capital or funding, retaining an inadequate management team, a faulty infrastructure or business model, and unsuccessful marketing initiatives.
Some of the reasons businesses fail are lack of knowledge, lack of planning, lack of management of resources effectively.
What is business?An economic activity that involves the exchange of goods and services with the help of buying and selling with the objective to gain some profit is called Business.
A business can possibly fail when there is no planning of things like what to do and how to do it. For a business, to be effective, there should be a plan or roadmap which needs to be followed step by step in order to succeed.
A business will fail when it is unable to manage the capital as well as the workforce effectively and make optimum utilization of it in order to produce and achieve productivity in abundance.
When a business does not have expertise or knowledge about the field as well as current market trends and competitors it will go to fail as it is unable to cope with the trend
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Record the following process costing transactions in the general journal
a. Purchase of raw materials on account, $9,000
b. Requisition of direct materials to Assembly Department, $4,200 Finishing Department, $2,400
c. ncurrence and payment of direct labor, $10,800. (Assume all c labor is for the Assembly Department.)
d. Incurrence of manufacturing overhead costs: Property taxes ant, $1,700 Utilities-plant, $4,800 Insurance plant, $1,100 Depreciation plant, $3,900
e. Assignment of conversion costs to the Assembly Department: Direct labor, $4,700 Manufacturing overhead, $2,100
f. Assignment of conversion costs to the Finishing Department: Direct labor, $4,400 Manufacturing overhead, $6,300
g. Cost of goods completed and transferred out of the Assembly department to the finished goods depatment 10300
h. Cost of goods completed and transferred out of the finished goods depatment tp finished goods inventory 15100
Answer:
a.Dr Raw Materials Inventory 9,000
Accounts Payable 9,000
b. Dr Work in Process Inventory-Assembly 4,200
Cr Raw Materials Inventory 4,200
Dr Work in Process Inventory-Finishing2,400
Cr Raw Materials Inventory 2,400
c.Dr Work in Process Inventory-Assembly10,800
Cr Cash10,800
d.Dr Manufacturing Overhead 11,200
Cr Property Taxes Payable-Plant 1,700
Cr Utilities Payable 4,800
Cr Prepaid Insurance-Plant 1,100
Cr Accumulated Depreciation-Plant 3,600
e.Dr Work in Process Inventory-Assembly 6,800
Cr Wages Payable 4,700
Cr Manufacturing Overhead 2,100
f.Work in Process Inventory-Finishing 10,700
Cr Wages Payable 4,400
Cr Manufacturing Overhead 6,300
g.Dr Work in Process Inventory-Finishing 10,300
Cr Work in Process Inventory-Assembly10,300
h.Dr Finished Goods Inventory15,100
Cr Work in Process Inventory-Finishing15,100
Explanation:
To Record process costing transactions in the general journal
a. Based on the information given we were told that the Purchase of raw materials of the amount of $9,000 was made which means that the transaction will be recorded as:
Dr Raw Materials Inventory 9,000
Accounts Payable 9,000
b. Based on the information given we were told that the Requisition of direct materials to Assembly Department was the amount of $4,200 while the Finishing Department amount was $2,400 which means that the transaction will be recorded as:
Dr Work in Process Inventory-Assembly 4,200
Cr Raw Materials Inventory 4,200
Dr Work in Process Inventory-Finishing 2,400
Cr Raw Materials Inventory2,400
c. Based on the information given we were told that payment of direct labor was the amount of $10,800 which means that the Journal entry will be:
Dr Work in Process Inventory-Assembly 10,800
Cr Cash10,800
d. Journal entry to record the incurrence of manufacturing overhead costs
Dr Manufacturing Overhead 11,200
(1,700+4,800+1,100+3,600)
Cr Property Taxes Payable-Plant 1,700
Cr Utilities Payable 4,800
Cr Prepaid Insurance-Plant 1,100
Cr Accumulated Depreciation-Plant 3,600
e. Based on the information given we were told that the conversion costs to the Assembly Department include both Direct labor of the amount of $4,700 and Manufacturing overhead of the amount of $2,100 which means that the Journal entry will be:
Dr Work in Process Inventory-Assembly 6,800
(4,700+2,100)
Cr Wages Payable 4,700
Cr Manufacturing Overhead 2,100
f. Based on the information given we were told that conversion costs to the Finishing Department were: Direct labor, $4,400 Manufacturing overhead, $6,300, which means that the transaction will be recorded as:
Work in Process Inventory-Finishing10,700
(6,300+4,400)
Cr Wages Payable4,400
Cr Manufacturing Overhead6,300
g. Based on the information given we were told that the Cost of goods that was completed and transferred out of the Assembly department to the finished goods depatment was the amount of 10,300 which means that the transaction will be recorded as:
Dr Work in Process Inventory-Finishing 10,300
Cr Work in Process Inventory-Assembly10,300
h. Based on the information given we were told that the Cost of goods that was completed and transferred out of the finished goods depatment to finished goods inventory was the amount of 15,100 which means that the Journal entry will be:
Dr Finished Goods Inventory 15,100
Cr Work in Process Inventory-Finishing15,100
The most commong reason for leaving a site without purchasing includes:______.A. Customers could not find the items they were looking for.
B. Site did not look trustworthy.
C. Shipping charges were too high.
D. All the above.
Answer:
All of the above
Explanation:
A customer on visiting a website might decide not to go ahead with a purchase due to the following reasons
- They did not see the product in which they wish to buy after going through the different lists of products that can be found on the website.
- There are some parts of the site that looks suspicious to them such as payment options. Some customers may not comepletly trust the credibility of a site, this makes scared to put in their card details for payment for fear of being scammed online.
- There are some website that increase their shipping costs, this high price often discourage customers from buying a particular product.
Hence, in the scenario described above, all of above are the most common reasons for leaving a site without purchasing anything.
Which best describes the purpose served by economic models within an economic system? Models identify patterns. Models determine the business cycle. Models control change. Models define global demand.
Answer:
Models identify patterns
I took it and I got it right
The purpose served by economic models within an economic system is that Models identify patterns.
What is economic model?An economic model can be regarded as simplified description of reality, which is been designed to yield hypotheses as regards economic behavior.
It identify patterns and it is necessarily subjective in design .
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Who should a visionary creator work with?
Answer:
In simple words, Visionaries refers to the individuals who put many diverse ways of thought together. People have the potential to allow their minds to freely move, unburdened by controlled pathways of thinking. But a visionary also has the potential to pull it around and effortlessly incorporate it into the actual world.
Thus, a visionary should work with someone who too have a creative mind with practical knowledge of the processes. As someone should be their to make such visionaries realize about possible and impossible.
Rick and Jose gain new market information regarding a potential entrepreneurial opportunity. Despite the fact that both of them have gained access to this new information, only one of these individuals has access to additional information suggesting that other competitors are already moving to exploit this opportunity. What is this an example of
Incomplete. Here are the options;
A. information asymmetry
B. information assurance
C. information reliability
D. information asset
E. social networking
Answer:
A. information asymmetry
Explanation:
The concept of Information asymmetry involves a situation where one party in a relationship has more or better information than the other party.
In this case, there exists a party with more (additional) information than the other, hence it is a good example of information asymmetry.
The given description most likely exemplifies the situation of:
A). Information Asymmetry
'Information Asymmtery' is characterized as the terminology that is employed to denote the transactions(holding between two parties) that involve one party(buyer or seller) possessing comparatively more or added information than the other party. In the given scenario, one party possessing extra information regarding the other competitors' hunt on this newly available opportunity would be characterized as 'Information Asymmetry.' Therefore, this correctly exemplifies the concept.
Thus, option A is the correct answer.
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What is the capacity of the machine in batches unfinished batch?
Complete Question:
You are considering the purchase of a new machine to help produce a new product line being introduced. The machine is expected to have a setup time of 10 minutes per batch and a processing time of 2 minutes per part. You plan to have batch sizes of 50 parts. The plant operates 8 hours per day.
What is the capacity of the machine in batches per day?
Answer:
The capacity of the machine in batches = 4 batches per day.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Set up time per batch = 10 minutes
Processing time per part = 2 minutes
Batch sizes = 50 parts
Plant operation = 8 hours per day
b) Capacity in batches per day:
Total batch time = 10 + 50 * 2 = 110 minutes
Total minutes of operation per day = 8 * 60 = 480 minutes
Capacity in batches = 480/110 = 4.36 or approximately 4 batches
c) Each batch produces 50 parts with each part taking some 2 minutes and an additional batch setup time of 10 minutes, giving a total of 110 minutes per batch. Since there are some 480 (8 * 60) minutes available per day, it means that the entity can only run about 4 batches (480/110) per day. These 4 batches will consume a total of 440 minutes (110 x 4), leaving some 40 minutes as unutilized time.
Wagner & Sons, Inc. perform property appraisals for commercial real estate transactions. The following transactions were completed in July 2013. July 1 Purchased $345 in office supplies on account. July 2 Wrote a check for a $700 utility bill for the current month. July 3 Paid $875 in salaries to employees for the current month. July 8 Received $4,015 on customer accounts for bills sent in prior month. July 12 Conducted five appraisals and invoiced SLL Commercial Real Estate, Inc. for $11,000. Prepare journal entries using the transaction analysis above. If no journal entry is required, indicate that in the account description. The company has the following Chart of Accounts: Cash, Accounts Receivable, Supplies, Equipment, Accounts Payable, Notes Payable, Common Stock, Retained Earnings, Service Revenue, Rent Expense, Furniture, Prepaid Insurance, Advertising Expense,Unearned Revenue, Wages Expense, Interest Expense, Utilities Expense, Salaries Expense -OR- "No journal entry needed"
Answer:
Date Account Title Debit Credit
1-Jul Supplies $345
Accounts Payable $345
2-Jul Utilities expense $700
Cash $700
3-Jul Salaries expense $875
Cash $875
8-Jul Cash $4,015
Accounts Receivable $4,015
12-Jul Accounts Receivable $11,000
Revenue earned $11,000
Wacky Entertainment Inc. is in the middle a copyright lawsuit. Next month, the company anticipates winning $500,000 in the settlement. How should Wacky Entertainment record the $500,000 this month?
a. As a gain on the income statement
b. As a liability on the income statement
c. As revenue on the income statement
d. As a footnote of the financial statements
e. It should not be reported
Answer: d. As a footnote of the financial statements
Explanation:
The settlement that the company expects is contingent in nature and should only be recognised in the statements if it is probable that it will happen.
The company anticipates that it will win this therefore making it probable that it will do so. The amount is also quantifiable as well. However, going by the Accrual principle in Accounting, revenue is only recorded when earned.
The Gain Contingent will have to be recorded as a footnote until it is realized then it can be recorded.
Question 3(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)
(02.04 HC)
Bill wants to attend a college with a current tuition of $10,000 a year. He will graduate from high school in five years. Roughly how much will Bill need to save for
one-year's tuition to account for an annual rate of inflation of 3%?
O $11.590.00
O $11,255.00
O $10,000.00
O $13,000.00
Answer:
Money need for one-year's tuition (A) = $11,590 (Approx)
Explanation:
Given:
Initial value (P) = $10,000
Annual rate of inflation (r) = 3% = 0.03
Time taken = 5 years
Find:
Money need for one-year's tuition (A)
Computation:
[tex]A=p[1+r]^n\\\\A=10,000[1+0.03]^5\\\\A = 11,592.7407[/tex]
Money need for one-year's tuition (A) = $11,590 (Approx)
Equivalent Units of Materials Cost The Rolling Department of Kraus Steel Company had 4,600 tons in beginning work in process inventory (70% complete) on October 1. During October, 77,000 tons were completed. The ending work in process inventory on October 31 was 3,900 tons (40% complete). What are the total equivalent units for direct materials for October if materials are added at the beginning of the process? 80,900 units
Answer:
Total equivalent units= 80,900 tons
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
During October, 77,000 tons were completed. The ending work in process inventory on October 31 was 3,900 tons (40% complete).
Because the direct material is added at the beginning of the process, we should not take into account the beginning inventory. It was recognized the previous month.
For direct material, each ton is completed at 100%.
Units completed= 77,000*1 = 77,000
Ending inventory= 3,900*1= 3,900
Total equivalent units= 80,900 tons
Gatwick Ltd. has after tax profits (net income) of $500,000 and no debt. The owners have a $6 million investment in the business. If they borrow $2 million at 10% and use it to retire stock, how will the return on their investment (equity) change if earnings before interest and taxes remains the same
Answer:
Return on equity would increase from 8.33% to 9.50%
Explanation:
The tax rate of 40% is missing from the question.
Return on equity prior to share repurchase=$500,000/$6,000,000
Return on equity prior to share repurchase=8.33%
With the issue of debt finance of $2,000,000, the after-tax interest expense is computed thus:
after-tax interest expense=$2,000,000*10%*(1-40%)=120000
adjusted net income=$500,000-$120,000=$380,000
new common stock=$6,000,000-$2,000,000=$4,000,000
adjusted return on equity=$380,000/$4,000,000=9.50%
Tumbling Haven, a gymnastic equipment manufacturer, provided the following information to its accountant. The company had net fixed assets of $356,190, and other assets of $4,176. The firm has current liabilities of $94,792, long-term debt of $76,445, common stock of $200,000, and retained earnings of $134,461. What amount of current assets did this firm have?
Answer: 145332
Explanation:
Current assets are the assets that a company has wgich are expected to either be sold or used during the next year and they iinclude cash, stock inventory, accounts receivable, marketable securities, cash equivalents, pre-paid liabilities, etc
It should be noted that:
Total asset = Current asset + $356190 + $4176
= Current asset + $360366
Long term debt + equity = 76445 + 200000 + 134461
= $410906
Current liabilities = $94,792
Since current liabilities= Total asset - (long term debt + equity)
$94,792 = (Current asset + $360366) - $410,906
Current asset = $94792 + $410906 - $360366
= $505698 - $360366
= $145,332
Data concerning Pellegren Corporation's single product appear below: Fixed expenses are $531,000 per month. The company is currently selling 4,000 units per month. The marketing manager would like to cut the selling price by $14 and increase the advertising budget by $35,000 per month. The marketing manager predicts that these two changes would increase monthly sales by 500 units. What should be the overall effect on the company's monthly net operating income of this change? Select one: a. decrease of $18,000 b. increase of $38,000 c. decrease of $38,000 d. increase of $58,000
Answer:
a. decrease of $18,000
Explanation:
The calculation of overall effect on the company's monthly net operating income is shown below:-
Particulars Current Proposed
Sales $800,000 $837,000
($200 × 4,000) (200 - 14) × (4,000 + 500)
Variable
expenses $160,000 $180,000
(40 × 4,000) (40 × (4,000 + 500))
Contribution
margin $640,000 $657,000
Fixed
expenses $531,000 $566,000
($531,000 + 350,00)
Net operating
income $109,000 $91,000
Decrease in net operating income is
= $109,000 - $91000
= $18,000
What is a example of good customer service?
Answer:
Jet blue= thanks frequent customers with small gesturer
Tesla= meet your customers where they r at
Determine earnings per share for Sixer Company given the following:
Net Sales Income before Income Taxes Gross Profit Income Tax Rate Preferred Stock Common Stock $885,000 $300,000 $500,000 3596 10,000 shares of 3% cumulative, $60 par 125,000 weighted shares of $5 par
A) $2.40
B) $0.70
C) $2.26
D) $1.42
Answer: D) $1.42
Explanation:
Earnings per share is calculated as the amount available to common shareholders divided by the number of common shares.
Income available to shareholders = After tax income - Preferred dividends
Income before taxes = $300,000
After tax income = 300,000 * ( 1 - 35%)
= $195,000
Preferred dividend = 10,000 * 3% * 60
= $18,000
Income available to shareholders = 195,000 - 18,000
= $177,000
Earnings per share = Income available to shareholders / Common shares
= 177,000/125,000
= 1.416
= $1.42
what is the role of a manager
Answer:
Entrusted with a leadership role, a manager is responsible for overseeing a department or group of employees within a specific organisation or company. Managers are utilised in every sector, and the business model relies on their leadership and ability to operationalise the management structure.
Explanation:
In a management position, one can expect to have the following ten day-to-day responsibilities:
Daily Operations: The primary role of a manager is to ensure the daily functioning of a department or group of employees.
Staffing: Most employers expect their managers to interview, hire, and train new employees.
Set Goals: A manager articulates both short and long-term goals to ensure a company’s longevity.
Liaising: Although a manager typically oversees a group of employees, managers also effectively communicate with their bosses and convey the necessary information to the various company parties.
Administration: Managers complete administrative work and correspond with other departments.
Delegation: Effective managers have confidence in their employees and delegate tasks according to the department’s needs.
Motivate: As a leader, a manager motivates staff and creates an environment where employees thrive.
Enforcing Policy: Managers enforce company policy to cultivate an environment that makes employees hold one another accountable for their actions.
Training: If new technologies or systems are introduced to business, employers turn to managers to train employees.
Evaluation: To encourage satisfactory work, managers evaluate data and employee performance.
Answer:
Enstrusted with a leadership role a manager is responsible for overseeing a department or group of employees within a specific organisation or company.
First City Bank pays 6 percent simple interest on its savings account balances, whereas Second City Bank pays 6 percent interest compounded annually. If you made a deposit of $15,000 in each bank, how much more money would you earn from your Second City Bank account at the end of 8 years? (
Answer:
Difference= $1,707.72
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
First City Bank pays 6 percent simple interest on its savings account balances
Second City Bank pays 6 percent interest compounded annually.
Investment= $15,000
n= 8
To calculate the future value of investing in First City, we need to use the following formula:
FV= PV*(1+i*n)
FV= 15,000*(1+0.06*8)
FV= $22,200
To calculate the future value of investing in Second City, we need to use the following formula:
FV= PV*(1+i)^n
FV= 15,000*(1.06^8)
FV= $23,907.72
The difference between banks:
Difference= 23,907.72 - 22,200= $1,707.72
Which method is used to compute depletion?a. Double-declining-balance methodb. Straight-line methodc. Depletion methodd. Units-of-production method
Answer:
d. Units-of-production method
Explanation:
For computing the depletion method, the units of production method is to be used as the straight line method, double declining method are to used for depreciating the fixed assets not for depleting the assets
The units of production method could be used for the depleting the natural resources like mines, etc
So, the correct option is d.
When I buy a $12.00 movie ticket rather than two paperback books, the
opportunity cost of going to the movie is the two paperback books I did
not buy.
True or false?
O'Neill, Incorporated's income statement for the most recent month is given below. If sales in Store B increase by $30,000 as a result of a $7,000 expenditure in fixed expenses: Select one: a. the contribution margin should increase by $18,000 b. the segment margin should increase by $12,000 c. the contribution margin should increase by $11,000 d. the segment margin should increase by $5,000
Answer: $5,000
Explanation:
The Contribution Margin (CM) given it $80,000 for Store B.
The Contribution margin ratio is;
= CM / Sales
= 80,000 / 200,000
= 40%
Given an increase of $30,000 in sales, increase in CM is;
= 30,000 * 40%
= $12,000
Traceable fixed costs for that increase was $7,000 so the segment margin will be;
= CM - Traceable fixed cost
= 12,000 - 7,000
= $5,000
In the month of November, Terpak Industries had the following overhead costs. 1. Property taxes, $22,500 ($10,000 for offices, $12,500 for factory) 2. Insurance, $14,380 ($3,140 for office building insurance, $7,240 for accidental injury insurance on factory workers, $4,000 for factory building insurance) 3. Utilities, $1,843 ($1,200 for factory, $643 for offices) 4. Depreciation, $47,000 ($15,400 for factory equipment, $19,000 for factory building, $12,600 for office building) How much will Terpak debit their Manufacturing Overhead account on November 30
Answer:
The amount Terpak will debit their Manufacturing Overhead account on November 30 is $59,340.
Explanation:
Manufacturing overhead can be described as all indirect costs that are incurred by a firm during the production process.
Manufacturing overhead is also known as factory overhead and it can be calculated by considering all the costs related to the factory.
For this question, the amount Terpak will debit their Manufacturing Overhead account on November 30 can therefore be calculated as follows:
Particulars Amount ($)
Factory tax 12,500
Factory accidental injury insurance 7,240
Factory building insurance 4,000
Factory utilities 1,200
Depreciation of factory equipment 15,400
Depreciation of factory building 19,000
Total manufacturing overhead 59,340
Therefore, the amount Terpak will debit their Manufacturing Overhead account on November 30 is $59,340.
Stock Price after Recapitalization Lee Manufacturing's value of operations is equal to $900 million after a recapitalization (The firm had no debt before the recap.) Lee raised $300 million in new debt and used this to buy back stock. Lee had no short-term investments before or after the recap. After the recap, wd = 1/3. The firm had 26 million shares before the recap. What is P (the stock price after the recap)? Do not round intermediate calculationos. Round your answer to the nearest cent. $
Answer:
$34.62
Explanation:
Lee's manufacturing value of operation is $900 million after recapitalization
The firm has no amount of debt Before this
They also had no short term investments before the recap
After the recap wd= 1/3
Lee's had 26 million before the recap
The first step is to calculate the value of equity after recap
= (1-1/3) × 900 million
= 0.6667 × 900 million
= 600 million
Therefore the stock price after the recap can be calculated as follows
= 600 million + (300 million - 0)/26 million
= 600 million + 300 million /26 million
= 900 million/26 million
= $34.62
Hence the stock price after the recap is $34.62
Joe Fixit has an appliance-repair business. He has more business than he can handle and wants to hire another repair person. Joe estimates that three appliances can be repaired each hour by a qualified person. Joe bills out labor at $45 per hour, but he stipulates that the minimum charge for appliance-repair estimates is $30 plus parts. What is the marginal revenue product of a qualified repair person
Answer:
The marignal revenue that another worker would bring to Joe under these circumstances is $90.
If joe hires a new worker, the worker can repair 3 appliances per hour, and the mininum charge for appliance-repair is $30 plus parts. The marignal revenue is:
$30 x 3 appliances = $90
Because wages are equal to the marginal product of labor, the maximum amount that Joe would pay to a new person is $90.
Which of the following statements is correct?A. Marketing is the term used to refer only to the sales function within a firm.B. Marketing managers don't usually get involved in production or distribution decisions.C. Marketing is an activity that considers only the needs of the organization; not the needs of society as a whole.D. Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
Answer:
D. Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
Explanation:
Marketing goes way beyond selling and covers everything from planning to production and delivery/distribution to the customers. This is because marketing is a key/critical part of the business. Marketing is aimed at creating value for the customers and satisfying their needs in this way therefore marketing in business is not focused on selling but goes beyond that to breach the gap of satisfying and solving customers problems. This is seen in businesses who are marketing concept oriented and not selling concept oriented
You are negotiating a new labor contract with union officials. The contract covers a plant that has experienced operating losses over the past several years. You want to negotiate concessions from labor to reduce the losses. However, labor is refusing any compromises. You could tell them that, without concessions, the plant will be closed, although that is not true. Is bluffing ethical? Under what circumstances? What would Kant and Mill say? What would be the result under the Front Page test?
Answer:
Is bluffing ethical? Under what circumstances?
Bluffing is basically lying, and lying is wrong. But on some circumstances, specially when you are carrying out a game strategy (and want to win), then bluffing might not be so bad.
Personally, I believe that bluffing is not unethical when you are negotiating with unions. I have nothing against unions, but their duty is to get the highest possible salary and benefits for their members. On the other hand, the company must balance the interests of its employees, the community and its shareholders. Union delegates always make very high initial demands, the company offers a very low increase or raise, and then after negotiating you get to a middle point. So bluffing could be just a strategy in order to negotiate some concessions, e.g. no pay raise until the company starts making a profit again.
What would Kant and Mill say?
Kant believed that the morality of someone's actions should be judged based on their duty. Since it is your duty to try to get some labor concessions, then bluffing is not unethical.
Mill believed that the morality of someone's actions should be judged based on the results, or how much good or happiness results from them. In this case, I suppose that more people would be unhappy than happy if you actually get some labor concessions, so bluffing would be unethical.
What would be the result under the Front Page test?
The front page test basically wants you to look at the events from the point of view of a third party that is not involved in the actions. If you could read this on the front page of a newspaper and it happened to someone else, would it be ethical or unethical? Since I believe that bluffing is a valid game strategy, then if I read this on a newspaper I would be OK with it.
Imprudential, Inc., has an unfunded pension liability of $800 million that must be paid in 21 years. To assess the value of the firm's stock, financial analysts want to discount this liability back to the present. If the relevant discount rate is 5.5 percent, what is the present value of this liability
Answer:
PV= $259.89 million
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Future Value= $800 million
Number of periods= 21 years
Relevant discount rate= 5.5 percent
To calculate the present value, we need to use the following formula:
PV= FV/(1+i)^n
PV= 800/1.055^21
PV= $259.89 million