for each of the reactions at constant pressure, determine whether the system does work on the surroundings, the surroundings does work on the system, or essentially no work is performed.

The final temperature of the water is 36°C.

What is temperature ?

Temperature is an indicator of the system's atoms' or molecules' typical kinetic energy. According to the zeroth law of thermodynamics, when two things are in thermal equilibrium, there is no heat transfer between them and they therefore have the same temperature.

What is burning  ?

Burning, also known as combustion, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical process that occurs when an oxidant, typically atmospheric oxygen, reacts with a fuel (the reductant) to generate oxidized, frequently gaseous products in a mixture known as smoke.

CH₄+2O₂⇒CO₂+2H₂O

Amount of heat produced on burning of one mol of  CH₄ is 890 KJ

on burning of 0.300 mol of CH₄ amount of heat produced = (0.300*890)KJ

267KJ

267*10⁻³KJ[∴1KJ= 10⁻³J]

let the final temperature of the water be t₁

amount of heat absorbed by water msΔt

4*10³g*4.18Jg⁻¹°C⁻¹*(t-20)°c

4*10³g*4.18Jg⁻¹°C⁻¹*(t-20)°c = 267*10³J

(t-20)= 267*10³/4*10³g*4.18

t-20= 15.96

t=20+15.96

t= 35.96

t= 36°c

Therefore, the final temperature of the water is 36°C.

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There are various approaches to answering this question. The most typical method is to use the formula M1V1=M2V2 . the concentration of the diluted solution is 1.364 M

Make sure M is Molarity and V is Volume in Liters when entering this formula. To solve this issue, you must divide 24.8 mL  1,000 to obtain.0248 L. M1 denotes the given molarity (11.0M), and V1 denotes the given molarity's volume (.0248 L). V2 is the final volume of M2, the final molarity that we are looking for. This makes sense given that we increased the volume of the solution while maintaining the same number of moles in the concentration . Our solution should be less concentrated (have a smaller molarity) is 1.364 M

(11.0M) * (.0248 L) = (X) * (.2000 L)

(11.0M) * (.0248 L) / (.2000 L) = (X)

1.364 M = X

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Answer:

Decide what properties you want to check, test those properties, and compare the results to the materials

Explanation:

N-methylpiperidine and n,n-dimethylaniline (structures attached), and both are 3° amine.

According to the number of carbon atoms that are directly bonded to the nitrogen atom, amines can be divided into three categories: primary, secondary, and tertiary. A single carbon atom is linked to the nitrogen atom in primary amines. The nitrogen is bound to two carbons in secondary amines, while it is bonded to three carbons in tertiary amines. Secondary amines are found in organic compounds.

The molecule n,n,-dimethylaniline contains a benzene ring, followed by nitrogen that is linked to two CH3 groups. As a result, we can see that the element nitrogen is bonded to three different carbon atoms in each molecule. As a result, it is an amine of the third degree or it is a tertiary amine.

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The rate of the forward reaction increase with a decrease in the concentration of the product.

According to Le chatelier's principle, by increasing the rate of chemical reaction then the equilibrium of the reaction will shift towards the low concentration side. On decreasing the rate of reaction then the equilibrium of the reaction shifts towards the high-concentration side.

The effect on the rate of forward chemical reaction to the concentration of the product.

The rate of forward reaction will increase when the concentration of the product decreases. The rate of forward reaction will decrease when the concentration of the product will be increased.

The rate of the forward reaction is also affected by the concentration of the reactant. The rate of forward reaction will increase when the concentration of reactant will increase. The rate of forward reaction will decrease when the concentration of the reactant will decrease.

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Alcohol is more soluble in water than ether. And CH4 is non polar. So, CH4 will be almost insoluble water.

CH3OH - most soluble

CH3-O-CH3 - second

CH4 - least soluble.

Solubility is defined as the maximum amount of a substance that will dissolve in a specified amount of solvent at a specified temperature. Solubility is a characteristic property of a particular solute/solvent combination, and different substances have very different solubilities.

Solubility can be expressed in grams of solute in one liter of saturated solution. For example, the solubility in water at 25 oC is 12 g/L. Molar solubility is the number of moles of solute per liter of saturated solution. For example, 0.115 mol/L at 25 oC

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Entropy, the amount of thermal energy per unit temperature in a system that cannot be used for productive work.

Entropy is the measurement of the amount of thermal energy per unit of temperature in a system that cannot be used for productive work. Entropy is a measure of a system's molecular disorder or randomness because work is produced by ordered molecular motion. Entropy theory offers profound understanding of the direction of spontaneous change for many commonplace phenomena. A standout of 19th-century physics is its invention by the German physicist Rudolf Clausius in 1850. Entropy offers a mathematical way to express the intuitive understanding of which processes are impractical even though they wouldn't go against the fundamental principle of energy conservation.

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True statement of inorganic compounds are  Inorganic compounds lack long, complex chains of carbon atoms.

A material without both carbon and hydrogen is said to be an inorganic compound. Many inorganic substances, like water (H2O) and the hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by your stomach, do contain hydrogen atoms. In contrast, carbon atoms are only present in a small number of inorganic molecules. A chemical without a carbon-hydrogen bond is said to be inorganic. A chemical substance that does not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds, or one that is not an organic complex, is known as an inorganic compound. Any substance in which two or more chemical elements (often those other than carbon) are mixed, almost invariably in precise proportions, is referred to as an inorganic compound. When carbon is bonded to hydrogen, a compound is categorized as organic.

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Answer:

Butter melts.

Explanation:

CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs take in infra-pink radiation and therefore are greenhouse gases which can exert a further radiative forcing that has a tendency to heat the climate.

HFCs are mighty greenhouse gases that may be masses to hundreds of instances stronger than carbon dioxide (CO2) in contributing to weather alternate in line with unit of mass. They do not virtually purpose any harm locally. So in contrast to particulate count or nitrogen oxides, they do not damage human beings uncovered to them and respiratory them in. What they do damage, however, is the ozone layer. HFCs are a greenhouse gas, and so emitting them contributes to global warming.

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In the chemical reaction C2H2 + O2 CO2 + H2O, the compound C2H2 is being oxidized, while the compound O2 is being reduced. This is because, in an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance that is being oxidized (in this case, C2H2) is losing electrons, while the substance that is being reduced (in this case, O2) is gaining electrons.

The atomic symbols of five of the elements that correspond to the standard abbreviations of five of the states of the United States are:

1. Ne (Nebraska)

2. Ar (Arizona)

3. K (Kansas)

4. In (Indiana)

5. Md (Maryland)

Neon (Ne) is a chemical element with atomic number 10. It is a noble gas that appears as a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. The abbreviation for the state of Nebraska is NE.

Argon (Ar) is a chemical element with atomic number 18. It is a colorless, odorless, non-flammable gas that is the most common noble gas in Earth's atmosphere. The abbreviation for the state of Arizona is AZ.

Potassium (K) is a chemical element with atomic number 19. It is a silvery-white metal that is very reactive in water. The abbreviation for the state of Kansas is KS.

Indium (In) is a chemical element with atomic number 49. It is a soft, silvery-white metal that is both malleable and ductile. The abbreviation for the state of Indiana IN.

Mendelevium (Md) is a chemical element with atomic number 101. It is a synthetic, radioactive element that occurs as a decay product of certain heavier elements. The abbreviation for the state of Maryland is MD.

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The temperature of the water increased when the value of q(specific heat capacity) is negative.

The hydrogen bonding in water is the cause of its high specific heat capacity, which we can explain. The water molecules must shake in order for the numerous connected hydrogen bonds to raise the temperature of the liquid. Because there are so many hydrogen bonds, it takes more energy for the water molecules to break. Similarly to this, it takes some time for warm water to cool down. The temperature drops as heat escapes and the vibrational motion of water molecules slows. The warmth released balances the chilling impact of the heat loss from the liquid water.

The specific heat capacity (Cp) of a liquid at atmospheric pressure and temperature is roughly 4.2 J/g°C. This suggests that to increase 1 gramme of water by 1 degree Celcius, 4.2 joules of energy are required. Actually, this Cp number is rather high. The specific heat of liquid water, also known as the specific heat capacity of liquid water, is 1.9 J/g°C..

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a) The mass produced is 6.5 * 10^ -20 g.

b) The amount of water produced is 2.1 moles.

c) The mass of oxygen produced is 7.84 * 10^ -21 g.

d) The moles of ammonia needed is 0.56 moles.

Let us recall that we can be able to use the principles of stoichiometry to be able to obtain the parameters that we need to solve in this question.

a) Given that;

1 mole of oxygen would contain 6.02 * 10^23 molecules

x moles of oxygen would contain 8.46 x 10^ 2 molecules

x = 1.41 * 10^ -21 moles

If 4 moles of ammonia produces 4 moles of nitrogen IV oxide. Hence the mass of the nitrogen IV oxide produced

= 1.41 * 10^ -21 moles * 46 g/mol

= 6.5 * 10^ -20 g

b) Number of moles of ammonia = 23.7 g/17 g/mol

= 1.39 moles

If 4 moles of ammonia produces 6 moles of water

1.39 moles of ammonia produces 1.39 * 6/4

=2.1 moles

c) 1 mole of water would contain 6.02 * 10^23 molecules

x moles of water would contain  1.26 x 10^ 2 molecules

x = 2.1 * 10^ -22 moles

If 7 moles of oxygen produces 6 moles of water

x moles of oxygen would produce 2.1 * 10^ -22 moles of water

x = 2.45 * 10^-22 moles

Mass of the oxygen = 2.45 * 10^-22 moles * 32 g/mol

= 7.84 * 10^ -21 g

d) If 1 mole of oxygen occupies 22.4 L

x moles of oxygen occupies 22.05 L

x = 0.98 moles

If 4 moles of ammonia reacts with 7 moles of oxygen

x moles of ammonia would reacts with  0.98 moles of oxygen

x = 4 * 0.98/7

= 0.56 moles

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The mass of the products element  of a nuclear fusion reaction is more than  the mass of the original elements.

H2+H2= He

Nuclear fusion is the process by which light elements interact to create heavier elements (up to iron). Significant amounts of energy are released when interacting nuclei from low atomic number elements, like hydrogen (atomic number 1) or its isotopes deuterium and tritium, are involved. Thermonuclear weapons, also known as hydrogen bombs, were created in the decade immediately following World War II and were the first to use the vast energy potential of nuclear fusion. See nuclear weapon for a thorough history of this development. Meanwhile, there has been a significant push to harness nuclear fusion for the generation of power due to the potential peaceful applications of the process and the virtually infinite supply of fusion fuel on Earth.

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b. There must be 1.32 moles of chlorine to balance the reaction.

This answer can be determined by using the stoichiometric equation, which states that for a balanced equation, the number of moles of each element in the reactants must equal the number of moles of each element in the products.

In this case, the equation is Na + Cl2 --> NaCl, and the given information is that there are 0.66 moles of sodium. In order to determine how many moles of chlorine are required to react completely with the sodium, we must first determine how many moles of sodium chloride will be produced.

Since there is one mole of sodium for every mole of chlorine, we can calculate that 0.66 moles of sodium chloride will be produced. This means that there must be 1.32 moles of chlorine to balance the reaction and produce the desired amount of sodium chloride.

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When phenol is prepared industrially in the process that involves the formation and oxidation of cumene, then industrially important by-product acetone is formed.

When oxidation of cumene takes place in the presence of air, cumene hydroperoxide is obtained. Phenols are obtained on further treatment of cumene hydroperoxide with dilute acid,  Acetone is produced as one of the by-products of this reaction.

The process of acidifying sodium salt results in phenol. A diazonium salt is created by reacting an aromatic primary amine with nitrous acid (NaNO2 + HCl) at 273-278 K. By heating diazonium salts in water or subjecting them to weak acids, phenols are produced as a byproduct.

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Hexane bc it is a hydrocarbon is the molecules would a flame ionization detector (fid) be sensitive to after separation on a gas chromatography column.

Separating mixture's constituent parts by chromatography is a method. The combination is dissolved in a material known as the mobile phase to start the process, which then transports it through a material known as the stationary phase.

Chromatography's goal is to distinguish between the various components of a mixture. Applications can be anything from a straightforward analysis of a compound's purity to a precise breakdown of its constituent parts.

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The picture given shows the weather of New England, because it shows the precipitation over a few days.

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Climate describes how the weather is in a certain location over a long period of time as opposed to weather, which refers to short-term changes in the atmosphere.

The average of the weather is the climate. As an illustration, you can anticipate snow in the Northeast in January or hot and muggy weather in the Southeast in July. Climate is this. Extreme values, such as record-breaking high temperatures or heavy rainfall, are also part of the climatic record.

The map only shows precipitations only for 2 days hence it is depicting the weather conditions.

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When the definition of atomic mass, isotopes, and average atomic mass of an element are kept in mind, the average mass of the metal is 20. 2. Exactly how does atomic mass mean?

The atomic mass of an element is its average atomic mass given in number of atoms (amu, also known as daltons, D). The atomic mass of a particular element is its arithmetic mean across all of its isotopes.

What does atomic mass look like?

An average atomic value is a number that is the only mass of an isotope of carbon-12. The carbon-12 reference standard is used to represent the mass of any isotope of any element. For illustration, the weight of an atom of information as appropriate is 4.0026 amu.

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The correct statement regarding the relative Rf values of the starting methyl benzoate vs the product, methyl m-nitrobenzoate on a silica gel TLC plate is (a) the product has a lower Rf value on silica gel TLC plate because it is more polar than starting material methyl benzoate.

There are many pores in silica gel, each of which can hold water; as is well known, water carries a polar charge. So we may say that the silica gel that serves as our stationary phase is polar. Because "like dissolves like" in chemistry, polar compounds interact with other polar substances. If there is a greater interaction, the Rf value will also be lower. Rf value is the molecular distance on TLC plate. Since the nitro group in this example is polar, it will interact with the water in the silica gel and as a result, will travel less distance, resulting in a lower Rf value than the methyl benzoate, which does not connect with the water in the silica gel because it lacks polar groups and therefore runs more quickly and covers a greater distance, leading to a higher Rf. So option (a) is the right option.

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The major product formed when nitrobenzene is treated with br2 in the presence of AlBr3 and heat is m - Bromo nitrobenzene.

Nitrobenzene reacts with Br2 in the presence of AlBr3 to give m-Bromo nitrobenzene as the major product. The σ-complex formed by the attack of Br+ at the meta position is the least destabilized and the most stable among the three σ-complexes. Hence, the nitro group acts as meta directing group. It deactivates the ring.

This is an electrophilic substitution reaction. It takes place in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is aluminum chloride. Electrophilic substitution reactions are chemical reactions in which an electrophile displaces a functional group in a compound.

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Yes, a hydrogen atom in the ground state can absorb a photon of energy less than 13.6 ev.

The wavelength of the matter waves that make up an electron orbit around a nucleus is the same as the radius of the orbit. Any fractional number would not fit the circle of the electron orbit, but a whole number of wavelengths might. Atomic excitations, in which the electrons take in a photon to enter a higher energy state, are another process that an atom goes through. As a result, electrons' wavelength can shift, which also causes the electron's orbit to alter. The relationship between an electron's energy and wavelength is inverse. An electron in the ground state can therefore absorb a photon with energy equal to the energy difference between the ground state energy and excited state energy during atomic excitation.

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The molarity of the solution is 0.018 M.

For the calculation of molarity, we need to use the formula for molarity, put all values in the formula, and then complete the calculation.

formula of molarity= [tex]\frac{number of moles}{volume(L)}[/tex] M

volume of solution is 3800ml or 3.8L

number of moles= [tex]\frac{Given mass}{Molar Mass}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{4}{58.44}[/tex] = 0.06844

where given mass is the  mass of solute that are present in the solution

Molar mass is also defied as the sum of atomic masses of all atoms present in the molecule.

molarity = [tex]\frac{0.06844}{3.8}[/tex] = 0.018 M

Hence the molarity of solution is 0.018 M

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Radiative heat transfer through the glass is reduced by the silvering. The vacuum flask was created in 1892 by James Dewar.

Because of the vacuum between its double walls and the inner bottle's silver coating, heat cannot move through the inner bottle by convection. Conduction cannot transfer heat into or out of the flask due to the thickness of the glass walls.

Using using a vacuum area between the outer and inner vessels and a few heat-insulating supporters to support the inner container, it is possible to completely stop heat loss by this method.

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Biological and non-biological methods of metal extraction refer to the different ways in which metals can be extracted from ore deposits in the ground. Biological methods, also known as biomining, use microorganisms to extract metals from ores. These microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, can break down the chemical bonds in ores and release the metals they contain, which can then be extracted and purified. Non-biological methods, on the other hand, use physical or chemical processes to extract metals from ores. These methods can include roasting, smelting, and leaching, and they do not require the use of living organisms.

One key difference between biological and non-biological methods of metal extraction is the speed at which they can extract metals. Biological methods are generally slower than non-biological methods, but they are also often more environmentally friendly, as they do not produce as much waste or pollution. Non-biological methods, on the other hand, can be faster and more efficient, but they can also be more harmful to the environment.

Another difference between the two types of metal extraction methods is the types of ores that they can be used on. Biological methods are typically more effective on sulfide ores, which are ores that contain sulfur. Non-biological methods, on the other hand, are often more effective on oxide ores, which are ores that contain oxygen.

Overall, biological and non-biological methods of metal extraction are two different approaches to extracting metals from ores. While both methods have their advantages and disadvantages, they are both important tools in the field of mining and metallurgy.

For water to change into the gas phase, energy is required to break hydrogen bonds between H₂O molecules. this energy is referred to as latent heat.

Latent heat is defined as the energy in the form of heat that is required in order to change a matter from its solid into liquid form or liquid into gas form, but without a change of temperature. An example of a latent heat would be of boiling water at 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit), because at this stage, the water from its liquid form will start to change into its gas form, forming a water vapor, while the temperature remains constant at 100 degrees Celsius.

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The following reaction involves (1) C–O  bond cleavage of the alcohol molecule.

When extreme circumstances and an abundance of hydrogen halides are present, the C-O bond in ethers can be broken. Two molecules of alkyl halide are produced as a byproduct of the process involving dialkyl ether. Because of the increased strength of the aryl-oxygen bond, the alkyl-oxygen bond in alkyl aryl ethers is the point of cleavage. The reaction results in the production of phenol and alkyl halide.

As we can see in the given mechanism, after the first step, an intermediate C-O bond is broken by the Br⁻ ion in alcohol, which is an incoming ion via the SN2 mechanism. At this stage, the O-H bond is not broken; only the C-O bond is broken.

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Option (b) is correct. The molarity of the resulting solution is 0.652 M. This is calculated using the expression of ideal gas equation and molarity.

12.7 l of argon at 33°c and 735 torr are dissolved in enough water to give a final volume of 0.750l. so,

P = 735.0 torr

 = (735.0/760) atm.

 = 0.9671 atm.

V = 12.7 L

T = 33.0 o C

 = (33.0+273) K

 = 306 K

We can find the  number of moles using ideal gas equation. The ideal gas law, also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas. It is a good approximation of the behavior of many gases under many conditions. The ideal gas equation is,

         P * V = n*R*T

        0.9671 atm. * 12.7 L = n * 0.08206 atm. L/mole . K * 306 K

        n = 0.4891 mole

Now, we will calculate Molarity. Molarity or molar concentration is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, which can be calculated using the following equation,

Molarity = number of mole / final volume

 = 0.4891 mole / 0.750 L

 = 0.652 M

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The statement stating the inflammatory response involves chemical and physical barriers that help protect the body from harmful substances is true.

Our body has immune system to protect from unwanted substances and organisms that may harm our body. It involves different types of cells that are broadly categorised into myeloid and lymphoid immune cells. They utilise chemicals to impart protection to body.

Physical barrier is tears, skin, mucus that prevents the entry of harmful organisms into the body. The common symptoms we see on encountering the foreign substances are allergy, cough, fever, pain and other such signs.

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Answer: true

Explanation: edg