Discounting Cash Flows and Earnings. Under the residual income approach and the discounted cash flow approach to firm valuation, carnings and cash flows, respectively, are discounted using a firm's cost of equity. Discuss why the cost of equity is the appropriate discount rate to use to discount a firm's camings and cash flows. Why is the cost of debt inappropriate to use to discount a firm's earnings or cash flows

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Cost of debt is used for external source of finance whereas cost of equity is used for internal source of finance.

Explanation:

Debt is the fund borrowed from lender at a standard rate of interest. Equity is fund acquired by the investors and shareholders. The required rate of return for equity is higher than the rate of return to the debt holders. This is because debt holders are safe and they are paid first in case of a bankruptcy and liquidity situation of a company. Debt is considered as cheap source of finance but acquiring higher debt will increase company gearing. It is not suitable to use cost of debt as discount factor for the cash flows of the company. The best and ideal discount factor is WACC which is derived by the combination of debt and equity.


Related Questions

We have the following information for the Valverde company. The stock pays a $1 dividend and it will grow by 12% the first year, 9% the second year and 3% forever after that. The unlevered bheta is 1, D/E is 75/25 and the tax rate is .3. Additionally, we know the treasury bond rate is 0.04 and the ROR of the S&P has been 10%.

Required:
Derive the stock price of Valverde.

Answers

Answer:

P0 = $5.99394080634  rounded off to $5.99

Explanation:

The dividend discount model (DDM) can be used to calculate the price of the stock today. DDM calculates the price of a stock based on the present value of the expected future dividends from the stock. The formula for price today under DDM is,

P0 = D1 / (1+r)  +  D2 / (1+r)^2  +  ...  +  Dn / (1+r)^n  +  [(Dn * (1+g) / (r - g)) / (1+r)^n]

Where,

D1, D2, ... , Dn is the dividend expected in Year 1,2 and so on g is the constant growth rate in dividends r is the discount rate or required rate of return

We first need to calculate the levered beta of Valverde.

Levered Beta = Unlevered Beta * [1+ (1-tax rate) * (Debt/Equity)]

Levered Beta = 1 * [(1 + (1 - 0.3) * (75/25)]

Levered Beta = 3.1

We first need to calculate the cost of equity (r) using the CAPM equation. The equation is,

r = risk free rate  +  Levered Beta  *  (Expected return on Market - risk free rate)

We know that the risk free rate is 0.04 or 4%, the beta is 3.1 and the expected return on market is 0.1 or 10%.

r = 0.04  +  3.1  *  (0.1 - 0.04)

r = 0.226 or 22.6%

Now, using the DDM equation, the price of stock will be,

P0 = 1 * (1+0.12) / (1+0.226)  +  1 * (1+0.12) * (1+0.09) / (1+0.226)^2  +  

[(1 * (1+0.12) * (1+0.09) * (1+0.03) / (0.226 - 0.03)) / (1+0.226)^2]

P0 = $5.99394080634  rounded off to $5.99

P0 = $99.2830  rounded off to $99.28

Arrange strategic planning analysis in correct order.
Business Planning
Corporate Planning
Product Planning
Division Planning

Answers

i would say
division planning
product planning
business planning
corporate planning

Which of the following is not true of taxable asset purchases?
a. Net operating losses carry over to the acquiring firm.
b. The acquiring firm may step up its basis in the acquired assets.
c. Target firm shareholders are subject to a potential immediate tax liability.
d. Target firm net operating losses and tax credits cannot be transferred to the acquiring firm.
e. None of the above

Answers

Answer:

e. None of the above

Explanation:

The taxable asset purchases allows the individual to increase or step up the tax basis of acquired assets so as to reflect the price of the purchases made.

If one buy an assets, then he or she wants to allocate total purchase price in a way which gives a favorable postacquisition tax results.

In case of taxable asset purchases, the tax credits or the net operating losses cannot be transferred from the target firm to the acquiring firm.

The net operating loss carries over to the acquiring firm is not true of a taxable transaction.

What is an asset?

An asset may be defined as any source owned by any individual or business that provides a long-term benefit that usually lasts for at least one year.

In a taxable asset purchase, net operating losses are not acquired by the firm. All the other statements are true for the taxable asset purchase.

Therefore, A is the correct option.      

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A special order offering to buy 112,000 units has been received from a foreign distributor. The only selling costs that would be incurred on this order would be $19.80 per unit for shipping. The company has sufficient idle capacity to manufacture the additional units. Two-thirds of the manufacturing overhead is fixed and would not be affected by this order. In negotiating a price for the special order, the minimum acceptable selling price per unit should be: (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Answers

Answer: $88.60

Explanation:

In negotiating a price for the special order, the minimum acceptable selling price per unit is calculated below:

Direct materials = $25.80

Direct labor = $31.80

Variable manufacturing overhead = $11.20

Selling cost = $19.80

Total variable cost = $88.60

Parkinson Company (PC) had a beginning balance of $86,000 and an ending balance of $90,000 in itslong-term marketable securities account. During the period the Company paid $10,000 to purchase marketable securities. If the Company reported a gain on the sale of marketable securities of $1,000 the amount of the cash inflow from the sale of securities is

Answers

Answer:

the cash inflow from the sale of securities is $7,000

Explanation:

The computation of the cash inflow from the sale of securities is shown below:

= Opening balance + purchase marketable securities + gain on the sale of marketable securities - ending balance

= $86,000 + $10,000 + $1,000 - $90,000

= $97,000 - $90,000

= $7,000

hence, the cash inflow from the sale of securities is $7,000

5 questions you would ask your self before writing a business plan

Answers

1) Do I have what it takes to make it as a business owner?

2) What is my niche and who is my target customer?

3) Who will be on my team to help with my new business?

4) What amount of funding do I need to start?

5) What business structure should I choose?

Water Source Inc. manufactures badminton rackets. The company estimates the following costs for the next year: Indirect factory wages $151,000 Supervisor salaries 56,000 Direct materials 221,000 Direct labor 149,000 Power and light 113,000 Depreciation of plant and equipment 74,000 Indirect materials 20,000 Insurance and property taxes 32,000 Determine the total factory overhead cost of the company.

Answers

Answer:

$446,000

Explanation:

Factory overhead are indirect costs incurred by a company during production which can not be easily be traced to units produced.

factory overhead cost calculation :

Indirect factory wages                            $151,000

Supervisor salaries                                  $56,000

Power and light                                       $113,000

Depreciation of plant and equipment    $74,000

Indirect materials                                     $20,000

Insurance and property taxes                $32,000

Total                                                        $446,000

Stephanie Robbins is attempting to perform an inventory analysis on one of her most popular products. Annual demand for this product is​ 5,000 units; carrying cost is​ $50 per unit per​ year; order costs for her company typically run nearly​ $30 per​ order; and lead time averages 10 days.​ (Assume 250 working days per​ year.) ​a) The economic order quantity is ​b) The average inventory is ​c) The optimal number of orders per year is ​d) The optimal number of working days between orders is ​e) The total annual inventory cost​ (carrying costordering ​cost) is ​ ​f) The reorder point is

Answers

Solution :

Given :

The annual demand, [tex]$D=5000$[/tex] units

Ordering cost, [tex]$S=\$30$[/tex]

Carrying cost, [tex]$H=\$50$[/tex]

Lead time, L = 10 days

Number of days per year = 250 days

So, average demand is d = [tex]$\frac{D}{250}$[/tex] days

                                         = [tex]$\frac{5000}{250}$[/tex]  = 20 units

a). The economic order quantity, Q = [tex]$\sqrt{\frac{2DS}{H}}$[/tex]

                                                               [tex]$=\sqrt{\frac{2\times 5000 \times 30}{50}}$[/tex]

                                                               = 77 units

b). Average inventory = [tex]$\frac{Q}{2}$[/tex]

                                    [tex]$=\frac{77}{2}$[/tex]

                                    ≈ 39 units

c). Number of orders per year = [tex]$\frac{D}{Q}$[/tex]

                                                  [tex]$=\frac{5000}{77}$[/tex]

                                                  = 65 units

d). Time between orders = [tex]$\frac{Q}{D}$[/tex]  x number of days per year

                                         [tex]$=\frac{77}{5000} \times250$[/tex]

                                        = 3.85

e). Annual ordering cost = [tex]$\frac{D}{Q} \times S$[/tex]

                                        [tex]$=\frac{5000}{77} \times 30$[/tex]

                                        = $ 1948.05

    Annual carrying cost = [tex]$\frac{Q}{2} \times H$[/tex]

                                        [tex]$=\frac{77}{2} \times 50$[/tex]

                                          = $ 1925

    Total annual cost of inventory = $ 1948.05 + $ 1925

                                                       = $ 3873.05

f). Reorder point = [tex]$d \times L$[/tex]

                           [tex]$=20 \times 10$[/tex]

                           [tex]$=200$[/tex] units

The four general accounting principles include: (Check all that apply).

Answers

Answer:

The four accounting principles are:

Expense recognition: this principle establishes that expenses are recognized when their associated revenue is realized. For example, if I buy inventory in May, and sell it in June, I will recognize the inventory expense in June, not in May.Measurement: this principle establishes that businesses should only record transactions when these transactions can be expressed in terms of money.Revenue recognition: this principle establishes that revenues are accounted for when they are realized, not necessarily when they are paid for. For example, if I sell merchandise in June on credit, and the credit is due in July, I will recognize the revenue in June, not in July.Full disclosure: this principle establishes that public companies (those that sell and buy their stock in the public market) should disclose all relevant financial information to the stockholders (the authorities, investors, credit rating agencies, auditing agencies).

Generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, are standards that encompass the details, complexities, and legalities of business and corporate accounting.

The four general accounting principles are:

1) Expense Recognition:

This principle shows that costs are recognized when the relevant revenue is realized.   For example, if you buy inventory in May and sell it in June, record the inventory cost in June instead of May.

2) Measurement:

This principle states that a company only needs to record a transaction if it can be expressed in money.

3) Revenue Recognition:

This policy states that revenue is recognized when it is recognized and not necessarily when it is paid. For example, if you sell an item with credits in June and the credit expires in July, record the sale in June instead of July.

4) Full Disclosure:

This principle requires public companies (those who buy and sell shares in the open market) to disclose all relevant financial information to shareholders (authorities, investors,  rating agencies, accounting firms).

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Question 8 of 10
Financial statements are prepared near the end of the accounting cycle.
Which of the following is true?
A. A balance sheet shows the total assets, liabilities, and owner's
equity at the end of the period
B. An income statement shows the total assetsliabilities, and
owner's equity at the end of the period.
C. An income statement shows the changes in stockholder's capital
for the period
D. A balance sheer shows the changes in stockholder's capital for the
period
SUSMIT

Answers

Answer:

A. A balance sheet shows the total assets, liabilities, and owner's

equity at the end of the period

Explanation:

As we know that

The income statement recognized only the income earned and expenses incurred of an organization

While on the other hand the balance sheet shows the financial position, profitability of the company. It involves assets, liabilities and stockholder equity

So according to the given options, the option A is correct

hence, the rest of the options would be incorrect

Answer:

A. A balance sheet shows the total assets, liabilities, and owner's

equity at the end of the period

Explanation:

a p exz

Goodwin Technologies, a relatively young company, has been wildly successful but has yet to pay a dividend. An analyst forecasts that Goodwin is likely to pay its first dividend three years from now. She expects Goodwin to pay a $1.25000 dividend at that time (D₃ = $1.25000) and believes that the dividend will grow by 6.50000% for the following two years (D₄ and D₅). However, after the fifth year, she expects Goodwin’s dividend to grow at a constant rate of 3.36000% per year.

Goodwin’s required return is 11.20000%. Fill in the following chart to determine Goodwin’s horizon value at the horizon date (when constant growth begins) and the current intrinsic value. To increase the accuracy of your calculations, do not round your intermediate calculations, but round all final answers to two decimal places.

Term Value
Horizon Value __________
Current Intrinsic value __________

Assuming that the markets are in equilibrium, Goodwin's current expected dividend yield is ___________, and Goodwin's capital gains yield is _______

Answers

Answer:

A. Term Value

Horizon Value $18.69

Current Intrinsic value $13.61

B. Dividend yield 0%

Capital gains yield 11.20%

Explanation:

A. Calculation to determine Horizon Value

Using this formula

Horizon Value = Dividend in Year 6/(Required Return – Growth Rate)

Let plug in the formula

Horizon Value = 1.25(1.0650)^2 (1.0336)/(11.20%-3.36%)

Horizon Value = $18.69

Calculation to determine the Current Intrinsic value Using this formula

Current intrinsic value = 1.25/(1.1120)^3 + 1.25(1.0650)/(1.1120)^4 + 1.25(1.0650)^2/(1.1120)^5 + 18.69/(1.1120)^5

Current intrinsic value = $13.61

B. Calculation to determine Dividend yield

Using this formula

Dividend yield = Expected Dividend next year/Current price

Let plug in the formula

Dividend yield= 0/13.61

Dividend yield= 0%

Calculation to determine Expected Capital Gains Yield using this formula

Expected Capital Gains Yield = Required return - Expected Current Dividend Yield

Let plug in the formula

Expected Capital Gains Yield= 11.20%- 0%

Expected Capital Gains Yield= 11.20%

Therefore:

Term Value

Horizon Value $18.69

Current Intrinsic value $13.61

Therefore Assuming that the markets are in equilibrium, Goodwin's current expected dividend yield is 0% and Goodwin's capital gains yield is 11.20%

Financial aid letters show your aid and costs of attendance for _____

Answers

Answer: Four years

Explanation:

I just took a test over this

Cost of attendance is the estimated cost of college in a given year. It's the cost of tuition and fees, books and supplies, room and board, transportation and personal expenses and is an official number determined by each college. Sometimes, people refer to the cost of attendance as COA.

What does the cost of attendance include?

If you're attending school at least half-time, the COA is the estimate of tuition and fees, cost of room and board (or living expenses), cost of books, supplies, transportation, loan fees, and miscellaneous expenses (including a reasonable amount for the documented cost of a personal computer), allowance for childcare.

Is the cost of attendance accurate?

It's possible that the cost of attendance calculated by your college may not be entirely accurate in reality. For example, perhaps your textbook expenses may be more or less than the calculations. Or perhaps you have class fees that were not a part of the original formula.

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Determine whether certain products are likely sold in a monopoly, perfectly competitive or monopolistically competitive markets.

a. There are a small number of producers of deodorant. Each firm's products are slightly different. For example, some are lavender scented, while others are citrus scented. Would you expect that the market for deodorant is a monopoly, perfectly competitive or monopolistically competitive? Why?
b. There are many producers of soybeans, and each farmer's soybeans are indistinguishable from his or her neighbor's soybeans. Would you expect that the market for soybeans is a monopoly, perfectly competitive or monopolistically competitive? Why?
c. There are many producers of roasted coffee beans, and each roaster has its own special roasting technique. Coffee beans purchased from one roaster are noticeably different from beans purchased from another roaster. Would you expect that the market for roasted coffee beans is a monopoly, perfectly competitive or monopolistically competitive? Why?
d. There is a sole firm providing power in Tampa Florida. The firms price is regulated by the government. Would you expect that the firm providing power in Tampa is a monopoly, perfectly competitive or monopolistically competitive? Why?

Answers

Answer:

monopolistically competitive

a monopolistically competitive is characterised by differentiated goods. A monopoly has only one seller. So, the market for deodorants is not a monopoly because there are plenty sellers

perfectly competitive industry sells homogenous products. The deodorants differ by smell. Thus it is not a perfect competition

b. Perfect competition

there are many sellers and the goods sold are homogenous

c. monopolistically competitive

the coffee beams are differentiated and there are many sellers

d. monopoly

there is only one seller

Explanation:

A perfect competition is characterized by many buyers and sellers of homogenous goods and services. Market prices are set by the forces of demand and supply. There are no barriers to entry or exit of firms into the industry.  

In the long run, firms earn zero economic profit.  If in the short run firms are earning economic profit, in the long run firms would enter into the industry. This would drive economic profit to zero.  

Also, if in the short run, firms are earning economic loss, in the long run, firms would exit the industry until economic profit falls to zero.  

A monopolistic competition is when there are many firms selling differentiated products in an industry. A monopoly has characteristics of both a monopoly and a perfect competition. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.

An example of monopolistic competition are restaurants  

A monopoly is when there is only one firm operating in an industry. there are usually high barriers to entry of firms. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.

An example of a monopoly is a utility company

Which of the following show negative cash flow?

Answers

Answer:

where are the answer choices

a. State and describe the concept that leads to "conflict of goals between a firm's managers and its shareholders. Give a modern day example of this concept, and discuss some potential solutions.
b. State and describe the concept that states, "factors of production are somewhat immobile." Give an example with detail.

Answers

Answer: See explanation

Explanation:

a. State and describe the concept that leads to "conflict of goals between a firm's managers and its shareholders. Give a modern day example of this concept, and discuss some potential solutions.

This is referred to as the agency problem. This brings about conflict of goals between the manager and the shareholders. An example is when the managers use the resources of the company for their own personal benefits or in a scenario whereby the managers fake the earnings so that the stock prices will rise temporarily.

b. State and describe the concept that states, "factors of production are somewhat immobile." Give an example with detail.

This is referred to as imperfect market theory. When transferring labor, capital or other resources, there are costs attached to the transfer and restrictions as well. .

Received cash from investors in exchange for 15,000 shares of stock (par value of $1.00 per share) with a market value of $10 per share. Purchased land in Wisconsin for $17,000, signing a one-year note (ignore interest). Bought two used delivery trucks for operating purposes at the start of the year at a cost of $10,000 each; paid $6,000 cash and signed a note due in three years for the rest (ignore interest). Paid $1,800 cash to a truck repair shop for a new motor for one of the trucks. (Increase the account you used to record the purchase of the trucks because the productive life of the truck has been improved) Sold one-fourth of the land for $4,250 to Pablo Development Corporation, which signed a six-month note. Stockholder Helen Bailey paid $27,700 cash for a vacant lot (land) in Canada for her personal use.
Prepare a trial balance at December 31, 2018.

Answers

Answer:

Kindly check explanation

Explanation:

Number of stock shares = 15000

Value per share = $10

Worth of shares = 15000 * $10 = $150000

Cash paid for truck purchase = $6000

Cash paid for truck repair = $1800

Land purchase = $17000

Land sale = $4250

Note receivable = $4250

Note payable = $17000

_________ TRIAL BALANCE _______

Cash ___________142,200

Land ___________ 12750

Truck ___________11800

Note receivable ___4250

Notes payable _______________17000

Long term notes payable _______4000

Common stock ______________ 15000

Paid-in capital in excess ________135000

TOTAL_______171,000 ________ 171,000

__________________________________

Prime Bank is offering your company the use of their lockbox services. They estimate that you can reduce your average mail time by 1.5 days and they can save you a combined clearing and processing time of 1 day by putting the checks into the clearing system sooner. Your firm receives 198 checks a day with an average value of $2,300 each. The current T-Bill rate is .011 percent per day. Assume a 365-day year. Prime Bank will charge your firm an annual fee of $27,500 plus $.20 per check. What is the annual net savings from installing this system

Answers

Answer:

$3,756.77

Explanation:

The computation of the annual net savings from installing this system is shown below

Given that

Reduction in average mail time= 1.5 days

And, Reduction in clearing and processing time = 1day

So, Total reduction =  1.5 + 1 = 2.5 days

No. of checks per day= 198

Average Value= $2300

So, the Value of all checks per day is

= 2300 × 198

= $455,400

Now total savings is

= $455,400 × 2.5 days × 0.00011 × 365 days

= $45,710.77

The Cost of service is

= Annual fee + variable fee

=  $27,500 + 0.20 × 198 × 365

= $41,954

Now

finally Net savings is

= $45,710.77 - $41,954

= $3,756.77

Martha is looking into investing a portion of her recent bonus into the stock market. While researching different companies, she discovers the following standard deviations of one year of daily stock closing prices. Handy Prosthetics: Standard deviation of stock prices =$1.05 El Lobo Malo Incorporated: Standard deviation of stock prices =$9.82 Based on the data and assuming these trends continue, which company would give Martha a stable long-term investment?

Answers

Answer:

Martha

Based on the data and assuming these trends continue,

Investment in Handy Prosthetics is preferred as it would give Martha a stable long-term investment.

Explanation:

a) Data:

                                                          Handy         El Lobo Malo

                                                       Prosthetics    Incorporated

Standard deviation of stock prices = $1.05            $9.82

b) The above standard deviations measure the spread of the stock prices over their daily stock closing prices in one year.  The Handy Prosthetics' stock does not fluctuate as much as the El Lobo Malo's stock.  This reduced fluctuation in prices makes it a more stable investment than El Lobo Malo's stock.  Therefore, Martha should prefer the Handy's stock to the El Lobo Malo's stock.

Mazie Supply Company uses the percent of accounts receivable method to determine their Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts. On December 31, it has outstanding accounts receivable of $55,000, and it estimates that 2% will be uncollectible. Prepare the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debt expense under the assumption that the Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts has (a) a $415 credit balance before the adjusting entry and (b) a $291 debit balance before the adjusting entry.

Answers

Answer:

A. Dr Bad debts expense $685

Cr Allowance for doubtful accounts $685

B. Dr Bad debts expense $1,391

Cr Allowance for doubtful accounts $1,391

Explanation:

A. Preparation of the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debt expense if the Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts has a $415 credit balance before the adjusting entry

Dr Bad debts expense $685

Cr Allowance for doubtful accounts $685

[(2%*$55,000)-$415]

($1100-$415)

B. Preparation of the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debt expense if the Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts has a $291 debit balance before the adjusting entry

Dr Bad debts expense $1,391

Cr Allowance for doubtful accounts $1,391

[(2%*$55,000)+$291]

($1100+$291)

Corey is the city sales manager for RIBS, a national fast food franchise. Every working day, Corey drives his car as follows: Miles Home to office 20 Office to RIBS No. 1 15 RIBS No. 1 to No. 2 18 RIBS No. 2 to No. 3 13 RIBS No. 3 to home 30 Corey renders an adequate accounting to his employer. As a result, Corey's reimburseable mileage is: a.0 miles. b.46 miles. c.76 miles. d.66 miles.

Answers

Answer:

b.46 miles

Explanation:

Calculation to determine Corey's reimburseable mileage

Corey's reimburseable mileage= 15 miles + 18 miles + 13 miles

Corey's reimburseable mileage = 46 miles

Therefore As a result, Corey's reimburseable mileage is 46 miles

Two methods can be used to produce expansion anchors. Method A costs $80,000 initially and will have a $15,000 salvage value after 3 years. The op-erating cost with this method will be $30,000 in year 1, increasing by $4000 each year. Method B will have a first cost of $120,000, an operating cost of $8000 in year 1, increasing by $6500 each year, and a $40,000 salvage value after its 3-year life. At an interest rate of 12% per year, which method should be used on the basis of a present worth analysis

Answers

Answer:

Method B should be used

Explanation:

Note: See the attached excel file for the calculation of the present worth (in bold red color) of Methods A and B.

From the attached excel file, we have:

Present worth of Method A = –$150,261.25

Present worth of Method B = –$125,178.34

Since the present worth of Method B of –$125,178.34 is lower than the present worth of Method A of –$150,261.25, it implies that Method B cost is less and more attractive at an interest rate of 12% per year than Method A cost. Therefore, Method B should be used.

The stockholders’ equity section of Concord Corporation’s balance sheet at December 31 is presented here.

Concord Corporation Balance Sheet(partial)
Stockholders’ equity:

Paid-in capital
Preferred stock, cumulative, 8,000 shares authorized, 4,800 shares issued and outstanding $384,000
Common stock, no par, 870,000 shares authorized, 580,000 shares issued 2,900,000
Total paid-in capital 3,284,000
Retained earnings 1,858,000
Total paid-in capital and retained earnings 5,142,000
Less: Treasury stock (8,000 common shares) 52,800
Total stockholders’ equity $5,089,200

From a review of the stockholders’ equity section, answer the following questions.

a. How many shares of common stock are outstanding?
b. Assuming there is a stated value, what is the stated value of the common stock?
c. What is the par value of the preferred stock?
d. If the annual dividend on preferred stock is $36,000, what is the dividend rate on preferred stock?
e. If dividends of $72,000 were in arrears on preferred stock, what would be the balance reported for retained earnings?

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The computation is shown below;

a.  

No of Common Stock Outstanding = No. of stocks issued - Treasury stock

= 580,000 shares  - 8,000 shares

= 572,000 shares  

b. Stated Value of Common Stock = $2,900,000 ÷ 580,000 shares

= $5 per share

c.  Par Value of the Preferred Stock = $384,000 ÷ 4,800 shares

= $80 per share

d. Dividend Rate = $36,000 ÷ $384,000

= 9.375%

e. The retained earning after arrears on preferred stock would remain the same i.e. $1,858,000 as they are declared  

Arrasmith Corporation uses customers served as its measure of activity. During February, the company budgeted for 36,000 customers, but actually served 28,000 customers. The company uses the following revenue and cost formulas in its budgeting, where q is the number of customers served:

Revenue: $4.50q
Wages and salaries: $34,200 + $1.40q
Supplies: $0.80q
Insurance: $11,400
Miscellaneous expenses: $7,400 + $0.40q

The company reported the following actual results for February:

Revenue $139,800
Wages and salaries $69,000
Supplies $15,400
Insurance $11,400
Miscellaneous expense $22,700

Required:
Prepare the company's flexible budget performance report for February.

Answers

Answer:

Arrasmith Corporation

Flexible Budget Performance Report For February:

                                          Flexible      Actual       Variance

                                          Budget      Budget

Revenue                          $126,000  $139,800   $13,800 F

Wages and salaries          $73,400   $69,000    $4,400  F

Supplies                              22,400      15,400       7,000  F

Insurance                             11,400        11,400        0        None

Miscellaneous expense     18,600      22,700      (4,100)  U

Total expenses              $125,800   $118,500     $7,300  F

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Budgeted customers served = 36,000

Actual customers served = 28,000

Actual Results for February:

Revenue $139,800

Wages and salaries $69,000

Supplies $15,400

Insurance $11,400

Miscellaneous expense $22,700

Total expenses $118,500

Revenue and Cost Formulas:

Revenue: $4.50q

Wages and salaries: $34,200 + $1.40q

Supplies: $0.80q

Insurance: $11,400

Miscellaneous expenses: $7,400 + $0.40q

Flexing the budget with the Revenue and Cost Formulas:

Revenue: $4.50 * 28,000 = $126,000

Wages and salaries: $34,200 + $1.40 * 28,000 = $73,400

Supplies: $0.80 * 28,000 = $22,400

Insurance: $11,400

Miscellaneous expenses: $7,400 + $0.40 * 28,000 = $18,600

¿Por que muchas culturas tuvieron la necesidad de construir muebles? explique ​

Answers

Answer:

Los muebles tenían muchos adornos de flores y árboles. Las piezas solían ser asimétricas y tenían líneas curvas. La mayoría de los fabricantes usaban caoba y nogal, con un acabado pulido. La mayoría de las piezas eran muy caras porque se producían a mano

Explanation:

que lo que pienso espero sea de ayuda

Hill Corporation issued $2,100,000 of 8% bonds at 98 on January 2, 2019. Interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The bonds had a 10-year life from the date of issue, and the company uses the straight-line method of amortization. On March 31, 2022, Hill recalls the bonds at the call price of 107 plus accrued interest.

Required:
Prepare the journal entries to record the reacquisition (recall) of Hill's bonds.

Answers

Answer:

Hill Corporation

Journal Entries

March 31, 2022:

Debit Bond Liability $2,247,000

Debit Interest Payable $42,000

Credit Cash $2,289,000

To record the recall of the bonds, including accrued interest.

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

January 2, 2019: Face value of bonds issued = $2,100,000

Proceeds from the issue of the bonds at 98 =    2,058,000

Discount from the issue =                                        $42,000

Semi-annual amortization under straight-line = $2,100 ($42,000/20)

Coupon interest rate = 8% with payment made semiannually

Annual interest payment = $168,000 ($2,100,000 * 8%)

Semiannual interest payment = $84,000 ($2,100,000 * 4%)

Bonds duration = 10 years

March 31, 2022 Recall price of 107 = $2,247,000

Accrued interest from January 1 to March 31 = $42,000

Total payment to bondholders = $2,289,000

In order to motivate our sales force to increase sales, we decided to increase our commissions and salaries and increase marketing. At the same time, our supplier increased its prices, and we felt we could pass that cost increase on to our customers in the form of price increase. However, with the additional pressure to make sales, coupled with the increased sales price, we had to loosen credit terms on sales. We also had to lease a little more distribution space and acquire another truck to handle the volume increase. Our shipping expense relates to gasoline on deliveries. Luckily, gas prices went down from what we originally expected this year.
In the table below, classify EACH ACCOUNT on the budget according to whether the variances in the performance report are consistent or inconsistent with the client’s story, or unexplained by the client’s story. Place an "X" in the appropriate column. If the Revenue/Spending Variance and Activity Variance differ with respect to one account (i.e., one is consistent and one is inconsistent) then indicate which belongs in which column.
Consistent
Inconsistent
Unexplained
Sales revenue
Cost of Goods Sold
Commission
Shipping Expense
Bad debt expense
Salaries
Lease of distribution center
Depreciation of fleet and equip
Advertising
Office rent, phone, internet

Answers

Answer:

Sales Revenue - Inconsistent

Cost of Goods Sold - Inconsistent

Commission - Consistent

Shipping expense - Inconsistent

Bad debt expense - Unexplained

Salaries - Consistent

Lease of distribution center - Consistent

Depreciation of fleet and equipment - Inconsistent

Advertising - Consistent

Office rent, Phone, Internet - Inconsistent

Explanation:

The increase in selling price will result in change in the revenue figure. The cost of distribution is increased due to handling the addition volume. This will result in an increase in shipping expense and cost of goods sold. Salaries and  commission of the staff will remain consistent as there will be no change due to increase of selling price.

Source Inc. (lessor) entered in a lease agreement of equipment for a 5-year period with Lemon Inc. (lessee). The lease is properly classified as an operating lease by Source Inc. Lease payments were structured as follows: Year One: $6,000 Year Two: $12,000 Year Three: $10,000 Year Four: $10,000 Year Five: $12,500 What is the amount of lease revenue recognized in Year One and Year Two by Sorenstam Inc.

Answers

Answer:

the amount of lease revenue recognized is $10,100

Explanation:

The computation of the amount lease revenue recognized in Year One and Year Two by Sorenstam Inc. is shown below:

= (First year payment + second year payment + third year payment + fourth year payment + fifth year payment) ÷ number of years

= ($6,000 + $12,000 + $10,000 + $10,000 + $12,500) ÷ 5 years

= $10,100

Hence, the amount of lease revenue recognized is $10,100

You believe that interest rate parity and the international Fisher effect hold. Assume that the U.S. interest rate is presently much higher than the New Zealand interest rate. You have receivables of 1 million New Zealand dollars that you will receive in one year. You could hedge the receivables with the one-year forward contract. Or, you could decide to not hedge. Is your expected U.S. dollar amount of the receivables in one year from hedging higher, lower, or the same as your expected U.S. dollar amount of the receivables without hedging

Answers

Answer:

The expected value is the same as the forward rate reflects the interest rate differential and expected spot rate as per the reflects the interest rate differential.

In Cleveland, Clive sells 15 cloves at a price of $5 each. If Clive lowers his price by 10%, to $4.50 per clove, he will sell 16, or 6.67% more. In Dallas, Delores sells 15 cloves for $5 each. If Delores lowers her price by 2%, to $4.90, she will sell 16 cloves, or 6.67% more. Please state all price elasticities of demand as absolute values. Round answers to two places after the decimal when necessary.

Answers

Answer:

The Price elasticity of demand shows the effect of a change in price on the quantity demanded. In other words, it shows the percentage change in quantity demanded as a result of a 1% change in price.

Price elasticity of demand = % change in quantity demanded / % change in price of good

Clive Cloves price elasticity:

= 6.67% / 10%

= 0.667

Delores Cloves price elasticity:

= 6.67% / 2%

= 3.335

How are a startup's financing requirements estimated

Answers

Answer:

How are Startups Financing Requirements Estimated?

1. Make Use of a Startup Work Sheet to be Able to Plan the Initial Financing.

2.  Focus on the Expenses versus Assets. Another way for startups to estimate their financing requirements is by means of focusing on the expenses versus assets.

3. Similar Articles.

4. Cash Balance Prior to the Starting Date.

Explanation:

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