Calculate the values of ΔU, ΔH, and ΔS for the following process:
1 mole of liquid water at 25 C and 1 atm ➡️ 1 mole of steam at 100 C and 1 atm
The molar heat of vaporization of water at 373 K is 40.79 kJ mol-1, and molar heat capacity of water is 75.3 J K-1 mol-1. Assume molar heat capacity to be temperature independent and ideal-gas behavior.

The Average atomic weight of X is 28.7amu

Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons.

Different isotopes have various atomic masses.

The proportion of atoms with a particular atomic mass that can be found in a naturally occurring sample of an element is known as the relative abundance of an isotope.

An element's average atomic mass is computed as a weighted average by multiplying the relative abundances of its isotopes by their respective atomic masses, then adding the resulting products.

Using mass spectrometry, it is possible to determine the relative abundance of each isotope.

The atomic weight of the element will be a weighted average of the isotopes based on the relative abundance:

(27.730 x 0.6058) + (28.841 x 0.1835) + (31.321 x 0.2107) = 16.7988 + 5.2923+ 6.599 = 28.690 = 28.7 amu.

Average atomic weight of X is 28.7amu

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Answer:

See below

Explanation:

ΔQ = m c T        ΔQ = heat required(J)    m = mass (g)    T = C° temp change

                             c = heat capacity in J/g-C

1.98 g many grams of [tex]BaCrO_4[/tex] can be formed if a solution containing 1.63 grams [tex]BaCl_2[/tex] is added to a solution containing 2.40 grams of [tex]Na_2CrO_4[/tex].

A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

[tex]BaCl_2 + Na_2CrO_4[/tex][tex]\rightarrow[/tex] [tex]BaCrO_4 + 2 NaCl[/tex]

Mass of [tex]BaCl_2[/tex] = 1.63 g

Molar mass of [tex]BaCl_2[/tex] = 208.23 g/mol

Moles of [tex]BaCl_2[/tex] = 1.63/ 208.23 = 0.0078 mol

Mass of [tex]Na_2CrO_4[/tex] = 2.40 g

Molar mass of [tex]Na_2CrO_4[/tex] = 161.97 g/mol

Moles of [tex]Na_2CrO_4[/tex]= [tex]\frac{mass}{molar \;mass}[/tex]

Moles of [tex]Na_2CrO_4[/tex] =[tex]\frac{2.40}{161.97 }[/tex]

=0.0148 mol

From the balanced equation mole ratio of [tex]BaCl_2[/tex] : [tex]Na_2CrO_4[/tex] = 1:1

But here, moles of [tex]BaCl_2[/tex] < moles of [tex]Na_2CrO_4[/tex]

Therefore, [tex]BaCl_2[/tex] is the limiting reagent.

From the balanced equation above it is clear that 1 mol of[tex]BaCl_2[/tex] reacts with 1 mol of [tex]Na_2CrO_4[/tex] to give1 mol of [tex]BaCrO_4[/tex].

Therefore, 0.0078 mol of [tex]BaCl_2[/tex] will produce 0.0078 mol of [tex]BaCrO_4[/tex].

Molar mass of [tex]BaCrO_4[/tex] = 253.37 g/mol

Therefore, the mass of [tex]BaCrO_4[/tex] can be formed = 0.0078 x 253.37 = 1.98 g

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P 15 atm

V₁ = 12x103 m3 -3 3 V₁ = 12x10 m" T₁ = 25°c T= 28815 K

P₁ = 1.52x10 Pa

Now, Finel quantities, T₂ = 35°C = 308.15 °K

V2= 851 = -3 3

Now

by ideal gas equation

P2Y2 T2

= PV, T2

1152 X106 x 12x16 3 x 308115 8,5×103 x 288,15 = Pa

=

21294×10 Pa

P₂ = 21264 Atm

final

pressure will be

21264 Adm.

Please check the attached file for a brief answer.

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Answer:

The gas fumes are toxic

Explanation:

The extremely high concentrations of carbon monoxide produced by an engine can raise CO concentrations in a closed building so quickly that a person may collapse before they even realize there is a problem. Carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen to the brain, causing CO intoxication, and lack of reasoning.

Answer:

Ca and O₂

Explanation:

In the chemical reaction producing calcium oxide (CaO), the reactants are Ca and O₂. The reactants are the substances that are reacted to make the new substance(s). The products are the new substances created from the reaction. The reactants are generally to the left of the arrow and products are to the right of the arrow.

The ions are as follows;

A cation is a positive ion while an anion is a negative ion. Ionic compounds are composed o cations and anions.

The anions and cations in the ionic compounds in the table are shown below;

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The  absorption spectrum of an atom shows pattern of dark lines or bands attained by transmitting absorbed light beam into the spectroscope.

By sending an absorbed light beam into a spectroscope, one can create a pattern of black lines or bands.

The vapors or solution of a substance in the discharge tube are illuminated by a white light. After passing through a spectroscope, the transmitted light produces a spectrum of black lines at specific wavelengths. These shady lines match the light radiation wavelengths that the material has absorbed.

An atom, ion, or molecule absorbs photons with energies equal to the energy difference between the two states when it transitions from one to the other. An absorbance spectrum that depicts the intensity of emission as a function of wavelength is the end result.

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Answer:

C.) Chromosomes

Explanation:

Nucleotides are made up of three parts: a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base.

Chromosomes are long, condensed strands of DNA.

The negative effect of technology on Healthcare:

Impersonal treatment, harmful health impacts, higher expenditures, the potential for overuse, and privacy violations are just a few of the negative effects of medical technology.                

Medical technology:

It refers to all technological tools or apparatus utilized to protect human life. Medical equipment such as an insulin pump, a wireless brain sensor, a blood glucose meter, a digital thermometer, pulse oximeters, smart inhalers, etc the tools which had helped patients receive better medical treatment.

Effects of Medical technology:

Medical technology, nevertheless, can potentially cause issues for the patient like:

1. Impersonal treatment: When a healthcare professional uses technology too frequently, they could spend less time getting to know the patient as a person and more time dealing with the equipment.

2. Harmful health impacts: Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are a few examples of treatments that might be advantageous but also have risks.

3. Higher expenditures: Due to the research and marketing required to bring new technologies to market and to generate a profit for their creators and manufacturers, they may result in increased patient costs.

4. Potential for overuse: The use of a technology or new product by a medical professional may be encouraged by the manufacturer, regardless of whether it is in the patient's best interest.

5. Privacy violation: Electronic medical records (EMR), for example, collect and manage patient information. This new technology is convenient, but it also has the potential to be misused, compromising patient privacy and personal data.

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Answer:

1.3 L

Explanation:

The volume of a rectangular cube can be calculated using the following formula:

Volume (L) = length (cm) x width (cm) x height (cm)

Keep in mind that 1 L = 1,000 cm³.

Before you can plug the values into the equation, you need to make sure they all have the same unit. Since the length is in meters (m), you need to first convert it to centimeters.

1 meter = 100 cm

 0.159 m           100 cm
---------------  x  ----------------  =  15.9 cm
                           1 m

Now, you can solve for the volume. To find the answer is the unit liters, you need to divide the volume by 1,000.

Volume = l x w x h

Volume = 15.9 cm x 10.5 cm x 7.7 cm

Volume = 1,285.5 cm³

Volume = 1.2855 L ------>  Volume = 1.3 L

The balanced equation says that 2 moles C₂H₆ and 7 moles O₂ react together, i.e. in a ratio of 7:2 or 3.5 moles of O₂ to C₂H₆.

With molar masses 30.07 g/mol (C₂H₆) and 31.998 g/mol (O₂), the given quantities amount to

(19 g C₂H₆) × (1/30.07 mol/g) ≈ 0.63 mol C₂H₆

(115 g O₂) × (1/31.998 mol/g) ≈ 3.59 mol O₂

Now, 0.63/2 ≈ 0.32, and for every 0.32 mol C₂H₆ consumed, the reaction requires 7×0.32 ≈ 2.2 mol O₂. Then in order to consume all of the C₂H₆, the reaction would need 2×2.2 ≈ 4.4 mol O₂, which we don't have.

In other words, we have too much C₂H₆ and not enough O₂, so O₂ is the limiting reactant.

Advantages of mineral-based lubricants:

Chemical stability is the advantage of mineral-based lubricants over vegetable oil-based lubricants when used in aircraft engines.

Lubricants used in aircraft engines:

Mineral oils are used in modern aircraft engines because they can maintain a specified viscosity over a wide range of temperatures. For instance, the capacity to function in temperatures between -10°C and 40°C is crucial for the start-up of an aircraft engine. Greater grade oils can be utilized at higher ambient and startup temperatures, but they are useless in arctic or freezing circumstances, where a synthetic multigrade would be more appropriate.

Because mineral oils are more fluid even at low temperatures, they can reach every part of an aircraft's engine far faster than vegetable oils can. As a result, the engine will start up with less wear.

Additionally, compared to vegetable oils, mineral oils can result in significant fuel savings of between 1.5 percent and 3 percent. The usage of mineral oils makes sense for operators attempting to stay competitive in the airline industry since it results in lower fuel costs as well as reduced expenses for maintenance and engine downtime due to excessive wear and extended active service life.

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The subshell representation of an element of Group IV is option C. s² p², since it contains 4 valence electrons.

In the Periodic Table, the Groups are the columns. For the Main-group elements, the group number coincides with the number of electrons in the valence shell.

Which of the following could be the subshell representation of an element of Group IV?

A. s². No, since there are 2 valence electrons.

B. s² p³. No, since there are 5 valence electrons.

C. s² p². Yes, since there are 4 valence electrons.

D. s² p¹. No, since there are 3 valence electrons.

The subshell representation of an element of Group IV is option C. s² p², since it contains 4 valence electrons.

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Answer:

Covalent bonds form from shared electrons. Nature favors chemical bonding because most atoms have lower potential energy when they are bonded to other atoms than they have when they are independent particles.

A student measures the molar solubility of silver carbonate in a water solution to be 1.24 × 10⁻⁴ M. Based on her data, the solubility product constant for this compound is 7.63 × 10⁻¹² M³.

Stoichiometry helps us use the balanced chemical equation to measure quantitative relationships and it is to calculate the amounts of products and reactants that are given in a reaction.

Silver carbonate dissociates as follows

Ag₂CO₃ (s) ⇄ 2Ag⁺ (aq) + CO₃⁻² (aq)

To find the solubility product constant use the expression

[tex]K_{sp} = [A^{+}]^{a} [B^{-}]^{b}[/tex]

where

[tex]K_{sp}[/tex] = Solubility product constant

A⁺ = cation in an aqueous solution

B⁻ = anion in an aqueous solution

a, b = concentration of a and b

Molar Solubility (S) = 1.24 × 10⁻⁴ M

Solubility, Ag⁺ = 2S

Solubility, CO₃⁻² = S

Put the value in above expression, we get

[tex]K_{sp} = [A^{+}]^{a} [B^{-}]^{b}[/tex]

       = [Ag⁺]² [CO₃⁻²]¹

       = [2S]² [S]¹

       = 4S² × S

       = 4S³

       = 4 × ( 1.24 × 10⁻⁴ M)³

       = 7.63 × 10⁻¹² M³

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that A student measures the molar solubility of silver carbonate in a water solution to be 1.24 × 10⁻⁴ M. Based on her data, the solubility product constant for this compound is 7.63 × 10⁻¹² M³.

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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.

Question: A student measures the molar solubility of silver carbonate in a water solution to be 1.24 × 10⁻⁴ M. Based on her data, the solubility product constant for this compound is ..........

The balanced form of the chemical equation shown is N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH3(g) (option A).

A chemical equation is said to be balanced when the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation is the same.

According to this question, the chemical equation between nitrogen and hydrogen is given as follows: N₂(g) + H₂(g) → NH3(g)

The balanced form of the chemical equation shown is N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH3(g).

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The new pressure is 81.675 torr

Since temperature and moles are held constant, we use Boyle's Law:

A gas law known as Boyle's law asserts that a gas's pressure is inversely proportional to its volume when it is held at a fixed temperature and of a given mass.

To put it another way, as long as the temperature and volume of the gas remain constant, the pressure and volume of the gas are inversely proportional to one another.

The Anglo-Irish chemist Robert Boyle proposed Boyle's law in the year 1662.

P1V1=P2V2. Simply plug in your values. The units can remain in torr. Converting to atmospheres is not needed.

(242 torr)(27.0 L)=P2(80.0 L)

P2=[(242)(27)]/80 = 81.675 torr

Hence The new pressure is 81.675 torr

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With the use of formula, It will take 5.2 x [tex]10^{7}[/tex] hours for a 2. 50g sample to decay to the point where 0. 185 g of the isotope remains.

The half life of a substance to decay is the time taken for half of the atoms initially present in the element to decay.

From the question, It is given that the half-life of radium−226 is 1. 60 × 103 yr. To know many hours it will take for a 2. 50 g sample to decay to the point where 0. 185 g of the isotope remains, we can use both logic and formula to solve this.

With the use of Formula,

N = [tex](1/2)^{t/T}N_{o}[/tex]

Where

Substitute all the parameters into the formula

0.185 = [tex](1/2)^{t/1600}[/tex] x 2.5

0.185 / 2.5 = [tex](1/2)^{t/1600}[/tex]

0.074 = [tex](1/2)^{t/1600}[/tex]

Log both sides

Log(0.074) = Log[tex](1/2)^{t/1600}[/tex]

Log(0.074) = t/1600 Log(0.5)

t/1600 = Log(0.074) / Log(0.5)

t/1600 = -1.131 / -0.301

t/1600 = 3.7563

Cross multiply

t = 6010.13 years

Convert the year to hour

365 days = 1 year

24 hours = 1 day

24 x 365 = 8760 hours in one year

For 6010.13 years, there will be 6010.13 x 8760 = 52648738.8 hours

Which is 5.2 x [tex]10^{7}[/tex] hours.

Therefore, it will take 5.2 x [tex]10^{7}[/tex] hours for a 2. 50g sample to decay to the point where 0. 185 g of the isotope remains.

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Nonmetals have the ability to attract electrons better than metals because they have a higher electron affinity or electronegativity than metals.

Electronegativity is the tendency, or a measure of the ability, of an atom or molecule to attract electrons and thus form bonds.

An element in the periodic table with a high electronegativity will automatically have a high electron affinity.

Metals (low electronegativity) are known to lose electrons to non-metals (high electronegativity), hence, nonmetals have the ability to attract electrons better than metals because they have a higher electron affinity or electronegativity than metals.

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Molar mass of ethanol

Mass:-

Answer:

Molar mass of ethanol (C2H5OH) 

=2(12)+6(1)+16.1

=46.1 g/mol

How many grams I.e.,

mass = no. of moles × molar mass

= 2.6×46.1

Answer:

u can just multiply 1

Explanation:

krkrfmfmmfdkd

Moles of NaOH required to make a buffer with a pH of 12.4 will be 1.18.

Calculation of moles:

1L of 1M solution of [tex]H_3PO_4[/tex]

Buffer pH= 12.4

As we know

pH + pOH= 14

pOH= 14 - pH

pOH= 14 - 12.4

pOH= 1.6

Also,

[tex]pOH= -log[OH^-]\\[/tex]

By calculating concentration of Hydroxide ion, we can calculate the moles of NaOH required.

[tex]1.6= -log[OH^-]\\[/tex]

Taking antilog, we get

[tex][OH^-]= 1.18M[/tex]

As the volume of the solution is 1L.

Molarity is number of moles of solute in 1L of the solution.

Therefore, moles of [tex][OH^-]= 1.18[/tex]

So, number of moles of NaOH required will be 1.18.

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The nuclear binding energy per mole if the mass defect of a certain isotope is 0.1303 g per mol is [tex]3.909\times10^{7}\\[/tex]

What is the mass defect?

The difference between the total mass of a nucleus and the sum of the masses of all its constituent nucleons is known as the mass defect of the nucleus.

              [tex]BE=\Delta mc^{2}[/tex]

Here,

The mass defect Δm is 0.1303g per mol

Therefore,

[tex]BE=\Delta mc^{2}\\BE=0.1303\times 3\times10^{8}\\BE=0.3909\times10^{8}\\BE=3.909\times10^{7}\\[/tex]

Hence, the nuclear binding energy per mole if the mass defect of a certain isotope is 0.1303 g per mol is [tex]3.909\times10^{7}\\[/tex]

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The substances generated by the reaction are called products, and their formulas are placed on the right side of the equation.

A chemical reaction is a process in which chemical bonds between atoms to break and recognize, to form other new substances.

The substance which is present at the left hand side or start of a chemical reaction is known as Reactant.

The substance which is present at the right hand side or end of a chemical reaction is known as Product.

Example: Na + Cl → NaCl

Here Na and Cl are on the left hand side of a reaction so Na and Cl are reactants. Here NaCl is on the right hand side of a reaction so NaCl is product.

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The substances generated by the reaction are called products, and their formulas are placed on the right side of the equation.

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The freezing point depression when sugar is dissolved in water to make a 0.50 molal solution is 0.93 °C.

The freezing point depression of a solvent is calculated using the formula below:

Where:

The Van’t Hoff factor for sugar = 1

m = 0.50

Substituting the values:

ΔTf = −1 ×1.86 × 0.50m = − 0.93°C

In conclusion, the freezing point of water is depressed by 0.93 °C.

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Answer:

S

Explanation:

Reactivity goes UP as you go to the right or upward on the periodic table

  S is above and to the right of As     so we would expect it to be the more reactive  of the two.

Answer:

C.) H₂O and CO₂

Explanation:

A product is what is created during reaction (the things on the right side of the chemical equation). A combustion reaction always forms water, carbon dioxide, and heat. In this case, the equation looks like this:

2 C₂H₆ +7 O₂ ----> 6 H₂O + 4 CO₂

Answer: See below

Explanation:

1.

[tex]\text{2.57 grams C} \, \, \cdot \frac{1 \text{mol C}}{12.011 \text{g}} \cdot \frac{6.022 \cdot 10^{23} \text{atoms}}{1 \text{mol}} = 1.29 \cdot 10^{23} \text{ atoms of C}[/tex]

2.

[tex]108 \text{ grams Cl}_2} \,\, \cdot \frac{2 \text{ Cl atoms}}{1 \text{Cl}_2 \text{ molecule}} \cdot \frac{1 \text{ mol Cl}}{35.453 \text{g}} \cdot \frac{6.022 \cdot 10^{23} \text{atoms}}{1 \text{ mol Cl}} = 3.67 \cdot 10^{24} \text{ atoms of Cl}[/tex]

3.

[tex]1.00 \,\cdot 10^{20} \text{ atoms Na } \cdot \frac{1 \text{mol Na}}{6.022 \cdot 10^{23} \text{ atoms}} \cdot \frac{22.990 \text{g}}{1 \text{mol Na}} = 0.00382 \text{ grams Na}[/tex]

Answer:

56 grams

Explanation:

44.8 L = 2 mol

Diatomic nitrogen has a formula mass of 28 g/mol, so 2 moles is 56 grams.

a) 56g

At STP,

22.4 L of N₂ = 1 mol

We have given 44.8 L of N₂, therefore,

44.8 L of N₂ = [tex]\frac{44.8}{22.4}[/tex]

                    = [tex]2[/tex] mol

We know that,

1 mol of N₂ = 28 g

Hence,

2 mol of N₂ = 28 × 2

                   = 56g

Hence, there are 56 g of N₂ in 44.8 L of nitrogen gas.

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