In response to environmental changes, organisms frequently adapt or undergo a mutation that improves their chances of surviving in the new environment.
When an organism's environment doesn't support its growth and reproduction, the population of that organism in that environment grows.
Traits that are favoured more frequently survive over time, while those that make it difficult for an organism to endure unfavoured environments are not favoured.
These organisms pass away, and the traits gradually vanish from the community.
What trait attribute benefits an organism?
Any organism will profit from a feature that is advantageous in one environment. Helpful features increase an organism's chances of surviving and passing them on to their progeny. An organism cannot possess traits that would enable it to endure in environments that are dissimilar from those in its home.
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The tendon tap reflex can be elicited by a stretch in a muscle. What is the order of information flow from the primary sensory afferent to the lower motor neuron?.
The order of information flow from the primary sensory afferent to the lower motor neuron is option(a) i.e, dorsal root ganglion, dorsal horn, ventral horn.
The nerve fibers that carry sensory data from the outside environment into the brain are known as afferent neurons, also referred to as sensory afferent neurons. Special senses like vision, hearing, smell, or taste, as well as the senses of touch, pain, and temperature, can all play a role in sensory information.
The signal from the higher motor neuron is sent to the effector's muscle by the lower motor neuron, which then causes the muscle to move. Somatic motor neurons, specific visceral efferent (branchial), and generic visceral motor neurons are the three main subtypes of lower motor neurons. Somatic motor neurons, specific visceral efferent (branchial), and generic visceral motor neurons are the three main subtypes of lower motor neurons.
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The tendon tap reflex can be elicited by a stretch in a muscle. What is the order of information flow from the primary sensory afferent to the lower motor neuron?
a. dorsal root ganglion, dorsal horn, ventral horn
b. dorsal horn, dorsal root, ventral horn
c. ventral root, ventral horn, dorsal horn, dorsal root
How has bumblebees organisms evolved?
Bumblebees are thought to be descendants of hunting bees that developed a taste for honey and chose a vegetarian diet.
Bumblebees may have evolved on Earth at the same time as flowering plants during the Cretaceous period, 146-74 million years ago, but fossil evidence is scant.
How have bumblebees changed?
Bumblebees are accustomed to cold weather, so they are often seen in the cold. This indicates that they have specific adaptations. The most prominent among them is thick, fluffy hair. It's to keep you warm in cold weather. Because of these adaptations, they may also become unable to cool off in hot climates.
About 30 to 40 million years ago, the first Bumblebees invaded the giant's realm. This coincided with a period when the weather was colder, which may have resulted in larger, hairier bees.
Bumblebees looks up to Optimus as a mentor and father. They had previously worked together during the conflicts on Earth and Cybertron.
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an astrobiologist independently samples 100 space aliens from a population of size 1000. 20% of the space aliens in the population have three or more sets of pharyngeal jaws. what is the expected number of space aliens to be sampled with three or more sets of pharyngeal jaws?
A person who researches the potential for life outside of Earth is known as an astrobiologist. Astrobiologists aim to comprehend the genesis of life and how it can endure in a wide range of settings. This frequently entails researching extreme life already existing on Earth.
Strong muscles and highly plastic teeth are features of pharyngeal jaws; by this, I mean that the morphology of the teeth can be altered in reaction to the prey items being consumed. Pharyngeal jaws do the breaking up of food, allowing the "normal" jaws to specialize in prey capture.
The following response has been produced in a straightforward, step-by-step fashion. Step: 1
Solution: Number of aliens with three or more sets of pharyngeal jaws (n = 100, p = 0.20 X). P (X = x) = "Cxp q" using the binomial distribution; where x = 0, 1, 2,..., n; "Cx = x! (n - x)!
instance. 4! = 4x3x2x1; in! = nx (n-1) x (n-2) x... x 3 x 2 x 1.
Please refer to the solution in this step for a clarification. Step: 2
E (x) = np when using the formula.
Value expected = np = 100 x 0.20 = 20
Please refer to the solution in this step for a clarification.
20 extraterrestrial aliens with three or more sets of pharyngeal jaws are anticipated to be sampled.
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Write a description (100-200 words) of a scenario to explain the changes in biodiversity between your two samples.
Answer:
Biodiversity is the variability of living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic habitats, and the ecological complexes to which they belong ; this involves the variety of species, species and ecosystems.The significance of this concept is that the many aspects of biodiversity are drawn to attention. It explicitly acknowledges that each bio ta can be described by its taxonomic, ecological, and genetic diversity and that a main characteristic of biodiversity is how these dimensions of diversity differ over moment and space. Therefore, only a multidimensional biodiversity evaluation can provide insights into the connection between changes in biodiversity and changes in the functioning of ecosystems and ecosystem services.
Can someone answer these?
Van Helmont in his experiment concluded tried to answer that the plants growth does not only depend upon the minerals present in the soil as he observed there was no change in the mineral content of soil however the plant gained 75kgs weight.
What was Van Helmont experiment?Van Helmont planted a tree, watered the tree and then left it for 5 years. He then re-weighed the tree after 5 years, which had its mass increased by over 12 stones. He then dried the soil and weighed it again, showed that the mass of soil was almost the same. He then concluded that the tree grew by drinking water and not only by the minerals present in soil.
Trichomes are defined as the unicellular or multicellular appendages the extends from the stem above-ground epidermal cells in the plants. These appendages play an important role in the development of plants. Trichomes are the root modifications. Trichomes help in the protection dispersal of fruits and seeds and reduction in water loss in plants.
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capping of is programmed to occur early in transcription through the association of capping enzymes with phosphorylated on the ctd of rna polymerase ii. please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices
The phosphorylated RNA Pol II is then recruited by the capping enzymes RNGTT, RNMT-RAM, CMTR1, and CAPAM. There is a cap structure produced by each capping enzyme next to it.
The cap's formation. The capping enzymes can add the cap on the mRNA while RNA polymerase II is producing it once this complex of RNA polymerase II and the enzymes is formed. phosphorylated is used to cure capping enzyme.
The capping enzyme belongs to the superfamily of covalent nucleotide transferases, which also contains DNA and RNA ligases.
An enzyme known as a capping enzyme (CE) is responsible for catalyzing the attachment of the 5' cap to messenger RNA molecules that are initially being produced in the cell nucleus. phosphorylated is used to cure capping enzyme.
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Burning fossil fuels releases which of the following into the atmosphere?
Responses
(A.) oxygen
(B.) carbon dioxide
(C.) carbon
(D.) heat
Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide.
Answer:
(B.) carbon dioxide
Explanation:
k12 quiz
A clay plate has a volume of 30.0cubic centimeters and a mass of 59.1grams. Calculate its density.
The density of the clay plate is 1970 kg m⁻³
the problem we are dealing with is related to density, which is the mass of a unit volume of a material substance. The formula for calculating density is d = M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is volume. Since we are provided with the volume of the clay plate which is 30.0cubic centimeters and the mass of the plate which is 59.1grams
so,V= 30 cm⁻³=3x 10-5 m and M= 59.1grams= 0.0591 kg
Therefore, the density of the plate is: M/V
=>d = 1970 kg m⁻³
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after studying genetic disorders, the pathophysiology student knows that which statement is true? sickle cell anemia is caused by multiple gene defects. few diseases caused by single-gene defects have been identified. diabetes mellitus is caused by a single-gene defect. the phenotype is significantly influenced by genotype.
The phenotype is significantly influenced by genotype
What is phenotype and genotype ?The term "phenotype" describes an organism's observable physical characteristics, such as its appearance, growth, and behaviour. The genotype, or collection of genes that an organism possesses, as well as environmental impacts on these genes, determine an organism's phenotype.
Modifiers that are both genetic and non-genetic may affect the phenotypic of a disease. A statistical link between genotype and phenotype predicts a physical characteristic in a person or an anomaly in a patient with a specific mutation or a collection of mutations that are related to it.Learn more about Phenotype and Genotype here:
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Plan a short skit in which you model what occurs when energy is transferred between objects by one of the three methods of thermal energy transfer. Focus on making your performance convey information as accurately as possible.
pharmacodynamics involves which of the following? a) information about main mechanisms of drug absorption b) information about unwanted effects c) information about biological barriers d) information about excretion of a drug from the organism
Pharmacodynamics involves information about unwanted effects.
Pharmacodynamics is the study of the biochemical, physiological, and molecular effects of medications on the body and involves receptor binding (including receptor sensitivity), post-receptor effects, and chemical interactions. The phrase "what a drug does to the body" is commonly used to describe it.
The relationship between dose and response, or the effects of the medicine, is better understood by combining pharmacodynamics with pharmacokinetics (what the body does to a drug or the fate of a drug within the body).
The pharmacologic response is based on how well the medicine binds to its intended target. The amount of the medicine present at the receptor site affects how the drug works.
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What is the primary substance contained in the inorganic portion of bone tissue?.
Regulatory proteins that prevent a cell from entering the s phase under conditions of dna damage are also known as _____.
Tumor suppressor proteins are the regulatory proteins that prevent cells from entering the s phase under conditions of DNA damage.
What are regulatory proteins?
These are the proteins that interact with RNA polymerase and affect the role of transcription. These proteins bind to regions near the promoter where the RNA polymerase binds to initiate the transcription of DNA to mRNA.
Tumor suppressor protein acts to inhibit cell proliferation and tumor development. These cells slow down cell division and make cells die at the right time (apoptosis or programmed cell death).
Retinoblastoma protein was the first tumor suppressor protein that plays a central role as a negative regulator of the cell cycle. These proteins are used mostly for the reduction of cancer by inhibiting the growth of tumor cells through apoptosis. Mostly they block the cell cycle at the g1(gap 1) phase.
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the dimensions of the test line in the device described above are 1 mm x 8 mm x 0.2 mm. the amount of antibody bound to the test line is 26 pm. the sample contains 35 pm of antigen. assume that 90% of the antigen in the sample are collected on the test line as the sample flows across the line. assume that the entire sample moves through the test line. what is the required reaction rate at the test line?
The specified reaction rate at the test line: the complexes have been eluted by way of 500 μg/ml, The x-axis shows the time following the primary advantageous RRT-PCR take a look at (A). Dotted lines denote the assay cutoff for superb effects.
Any substance recognized as foreign by way of the immune gadget is called an antigen. Antigens are also considered immunogens. Antigens are recognized to trigger the immune device. They may be endogenous, exogenous, or autoantigens. Examples of antigens are pollen, bacteria, parasitic worms, and viruses.
In immunology, an antigen is a molecule or molecular structure or any overseas particulate depend or a pollen grain that may bind to a selected antibody or T-cell receptor. The presence of antigens inside the body may additionally trigger an immune response. The three extensive methods to outline antigens encompass exogenously (overseas to the host immune machine), endogenous (produced by intracellular microorganisms and viruses replicating interior a number mobile), and autoantigens (produced with the aid of the host).
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Histamine binds to the h1 g-protein-linked receptor to initiate the itchiness and airway constriction associated with an allergic response. If a mutation in the associated g-protein’s alpha subunit prevented the hydrolysis of gtp how would the allergic response change?.
Additionally, G protein mutations can result in either a loss or gain of function by inhibiting or stimulating signal transduction, which, in turn, results in the clinical phenotypes of an excess or a deficiency of hormones.
What renders the G protein's alpha subunit inactive?The alpha subunit switches its GDP for a GTP when the neurotransmitter dopamine activates the receptor. The G protein subsequently breaks down. The beta and gamma subunits are left behind when the alpha subunit, which is carrying GTP, moves away.
The state of the receptor is altered when a ligand known as an agonist stimulates it. In order to activate G alpha, GTP must be exchanged for the bound GDP after G alpha separates from the receptor and G beta-gamma. The next step for G alpha is to activate more cell molecules.
GPCR mutations can result in hereditary and acquired conditions such retinitis pigmentosa (RP), hypo- and hyperthyroidism.
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which phylum has very few surviving species, and are tropical and subtropical plants with stout, trunk-like stems, and compound leaves that resemble those of palms or tree ferns? a. anthophyta b. cycadophyta c. coniferophyta d. gnetophyta e. pteridophyta
The phylum has very few surviving species, and are tropical and subtropical plants with stout, trunk-like stems, and compound leaves that resemble those of palms or tree ferns is Cycadophyta.
The well known example is Cycas. There are found stout, trunk like structure in stems. They have compund leaf and resembles with fern leaves. There are found very few surviving species.
What are cycadophytes?
Any member of the wide group of extinct or nearly extinct primitive gymnospermous plants is a cycadophyte. Although some botanists prefer to limit the name "cycadophyte" to those belonging to the division Cycadophyta, three families of prehistoric seed plants—of which seed ferns and cycadeoids are only represented by extinct forms—are treated here. A third group, the order Cycadales (cycads), has 11 extant genera and roughly 310 species as of the present.
Therefore the answer is B. Cycadophytes.
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which taxonomic level is used to distinguish plants?
1. division
2. function
3. kingdom
Division is taxonomic level is used to distinguish plants.
Phylum and division are two taxonomic levels that are used in the biological classification of organisms. Both phylum and division occur below kingdom and above class.
The main difference between phylum and division is that phylum is a classification level of the animal kingdom whereas division is the alternative classification level to the phylum in the kingdom plantae and fungi . Eight major division of plants can be identified as chlorophytes , bryophyte , pteridophyte, cycadophyte, ginkgophyte, pinophyte, geophyte and magnoliophyte.
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20 pts!!! For the following questions, create a Punnett square. Be sure to show the genotypes, phenotypes, and percentages for each cross.
In peas, side flowers are dominant over end flowers. Cross a homozygous recessive plant with a heterozygous plant. (4 pts)
Genotype: Phenotype
The genotype of the cross is 50% Aa and 50% aa.
The phenotype of the cross is 50% side flower and 50% end flower.
Monohybrid crossingThe problem here has to do with a crossing involving a single gene. That is a monohybrid cross. Crosses involving two traits are known as dihybrid crosses.
Let us assume that the side flower allele is represented by A (since it is the dominant allele) and the end flower allele by a (the recessive allele). The dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele when they are together. Hence:
The genotype of a homzygous recessive plant = aa
The genotype of a heterozygous plant = Aa
Crossing Aa and aa:
Aa x aa
Aa Aa aa aa
The genotype of the offspring from the cross:
= 50%(1/2) Aa and 50% (1/2) aa
The phenotype of the offspring from the cross:
= 50% Aa (side flowered) and 50% aa (end flowered)
Thus:
Genotypes = 50% Aa and 50% aaPhenotype = 50% side flower and 50% end flowerSee the attached image for Punnet's square.
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A total of 36 molecules of atp are produced from 1 molecule of glucose as a result of.
A total of 36 molecules of ATP are produced from 1 molecule of glucose as a result of cellular respiration.
What is cellular respiration?Cellular respiration is the process by which cells obtain chemical energy by the consumption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.
The chemical energy obtained is in form of a molecule called Adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The process of cellular respiration is broken down into the following:
GlycolysisKrebs cycleElectron transport chainGlycolysis breaks down glucose into products that enter the mitochondrion, if oxygen is present, for Krebs cycle and electron transport chain processes to occur.
At the end of the process, a total of 36 ATP molecules are produced by breaking down 1 molecule of glucose.
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What is the kinetic energy theory of matter? Explain
Answer: The kinetic theory of matter (particle theory) says that all matter consists of many, very small particles which are constantly moving or in a continual state of motion. The degree to which the particles move is determined by the amount of energy they have and their relationship to other particles.
Explanation: hope this helps
The hydrophobic tails of phospholipids keep water from passing directly through the cell membrane. How might this be beneficial for the maintenance of homeostasis in a cell?.
Because they aid in maintaining the proper level of water, the hydrophobic tails of phospholipids are helpful for maintaining homeostasis in a cell.
The capacity of an organism to maintain a steady internal environment is known as homeostasis in the area of biology. This is necessary for the organism to operate properly.A cell's cell membrane is made up of hydrophobic tails that prevent water from entering the cell directly. The cell membrane aids in preserving a stable environment for a cell to function properly by accomplishing this.Due to their hydrophobic tails, water can only enter or exit when necessary. The hydrophobic tails assist in maintaining homeostasis in this fashion byTo know more about homeostasis visit : https://brainly.com/question/3888340
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which organism can easily adapt to changing food supply? why?
Answer:
Humans
Explanation:
I sincerely don't have any explanation
Describe the characteristics of the lobe-finned fish that are similar to those of tetrapods?
The following characteristics describes the similar characteristics between lobe fish and tetrapods:
The joints in the pectoral and pelvic fins are similar to those in tetrapod (four-limbed terrestrial vertebrate) limbs. Amphibians were the earliest tetrapod land animals, and their fins developed into legs.Additionally, in contrast to ray-finned fish, which only have one dorsal fin, they have two dorsal fins with independent bases.
How are tetrapods and fishes closely related?
Tetrapods originated from a group of early semi-aquatic creatures known as the Tetrapodomorpha, which in turn descended from ancient lobe-finned fish (sarcopterygians) in the Middle Devonian period about 390 million years ago. Their forms were intermediate between lobe-finned fishes and true four-limbed tetrapods.
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why white substance comes out when a leaf of poinsettia is torn
Answer: That is the sap of the plant the white substance is called latex, so when it is ripped it leaks out basically
Explanation:
Sap of the plant the white substance is called latex, so when it is ripped it leaks out basically.
What are the functions of latex?Latex is found as a milky fluid found in 10% of all flowering plants (angiosperms). It is a complex emulsion that coagulates on exposure to air, consisting of proteins, alkaloids.
Moreover, latex is made from the sap of rubber trees. It is very strong and stretchy. So it is used in a lot of common household items and toys.
There are two distinctly different types of latex. Natural and synthetic. There are also two distinctly different manufacturing processes for producing latex foam.
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Is the measure of how close calculated or measured quantity is to its actual value
Assuming that there are glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, which way
would glucose flow-into or out of the cell? Explain your answer.
Answer:
Whether a cell uses facilitated diffusion or active transport depends on the specific needs of the cell. For example, the sugar glucose is transported by active transport from the gut into intestinal epithelial cells, but by facilitated diffusion across the membrane of red blood cells. Why? Consider how different these two environments are.
Which respiratory function describes the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the cells?.
Answer:Cellular Respiration
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is the process by which cells produce energy, and is broken down into three more steps: glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, and electron transport chain. Glycolysis requires glucose, two ATP, and NAD+, and two ADP, and produces two pyruvate, four ATPs, two NADH, and two H2O. The Kreb’s Chcle and thus the downstream electron transport chain require acetyl-CoA, one ADP, three NAD+, and one FAD, but pyruvate oxidation needs to happen prior to the Kreb’s Cycle, thus this is where the Oxygen is used and produced into two CO2.
Select all of the following types of microscopes:
Group of answer choices
Electron
TEM
Magnifying
Digital
SEM
Compound
Answer:
The answer is compound microscope
Gregor Mendel developed the system of
cross-breeding in the 1800's.
Yes, Gregor Mendel developed the system of cross-breeding in the 1800s. Gregor Mendel, a monk, studied how features were passed down in plants throughout the middle to end of the 1800s.
Gregor Mendel was a poor youngster from Austria at the time. Due to the importance, they placed on math and science, his professors advised him to become an Augustinian monk in 1843. He continued his education at the University of Vienna, he continued his education. Mendel spent eight years researching heredity through the use of the simple-to-breed pea plant (Pisum sativum). He crossed the plants and performed hybridization studies on approximately 29,000 plants, which allowed him to change 7 of the plants' obvious traits: plant height, pod shape and color, seed shape and color, and bloom position and color.
He did this by applying pollen with a paintbrush. He is now regarded as the founder of modern genetics, despite the fact that it was decades after his death that his discoveries were confirmed. He wrote about the invisible "factors"—what we now refer to as "genes") that determine apparent features in his 1866 publication.
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The given question is incomplete. The complete question is:
Gregor Mendel developed the system of cross-breeding in the 1800s. Give a general account.
In order to perceive forms and patterns from incoming stimuli, individuals utilize __________. a. feature analysis b. change blindness c. selective attention d. inattentional blindness please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
In order to perceive forms and patterns for incoming stimuli, individual utilizes :
a.) Feature analysis
Feature analysis theorizes that humans and animals have neurons and neural networks that function as detectors for observing individual features of all the object and pattern around us.
Feature analysis is one of the aspect of pattern recognition. This theory relies on the notion that we perceive different features of objects we see and use these features with to identify and categorize them.
Feature-matching theories propose that we decompose visual patterns into a set of critical features that we try to match with the features stored in our memory.
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