When species occupy comparable ecological niches and respond similarly to similar selection forces, this is known as convergence in evolution. Analogous structures are traits that result from convergent evolution.
Why does genetic variety happen? What does it entail?Gene variants, commonly referred to as mutations, and a natural process in which genetic information is reorganised as a cell prepares to divide can both result in genetic differences (known as genetic recombination). Genetic changes that affect gene activity or protein function can give an organism distinct features.
Some organisms can survive in their environment more successfully than others due to genetic variety in a group of species. Even among a small population of organisms, there can be dramatic differences in how well-suited they are to a given habitat.
The majority of mutations within an organism neither negatively nor favourably affect it.
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Curare is a plant extract used by indigenous tribes in central and south america as a paralyses poison for hunting. Curare binds to ach receptors, but does not open the associated channels. What process in the motor unit is affected by curare? how would this affect muscle contraction?.
It is widely used to suppress neuromuscular junction activation. At useful concentrations, curare can decrease muscle contraction without compromising mental function, else, it is lethal.
What is Curare?The first anesthetic paralytic, curare (also known as D-tubocurare), has been supplanted by more recent medications. Around 1940, it was added to anesthesia.
It is taken from the Strychnos toxifera plant. The term "curare" refers to a variety of plant-based alkaloid arrow poisons used by native populations in Central and South America. Curare, which is used as a paralyzing agent for hunting and medicinal purposes, only becomes active when directly contaminated by a poison dart or arrow or when administered intravenously.
Curare can cause serious bodily injury if consumed. A neurotransmitter called acetylcholine may be inhibited, and abnormal muscular relaxation may lead to muscle paralysis.
Curare weakens or paralyzes skeletal muscles by interfering with the passage of nerve impulses between the nerve axon and the mechanism of muscle cell contraction, according to study.
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The ability to detect whether your body is in a horizontal or vertical position depends most directly on.
Answer: the vestibular sense
Explanation:
The ability to detect whether your body is in a horizontal or vertical position depends most directly on (accommodation, sensory adaptation, the vestibular sense, olfactory receptors, subliminal stimulation) While playing tennis, you need to know where your limbs are located so you can move them into right positions or swing your racket.
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Loftus used her research to prove that __________. a. memories of childhood trauma are usually true b. adults’ memories are concrete and rigid c. children have better memories than adults d. false memories could be created using suggestion please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Loftus used her research to prove that false memories could be created using suggestions.
According to psychologists, false memories are mental experiences that people believe are accurate representations of past events or trivial details, such as believing they saw someone at the scene of a crime or putting their keys on the table when they got home.
Elizabeth Loftus, a memory researcher, has demonstrated through her research that suggestions can induce false memories. She has additionally demonstrated the way that these recollections can become more grounded and more distinctive over the long haul.
Memories begin to change and become distorted over time. In some instances, the original memory may be altered to incorporate new experiences or information.
(complete question)
Loftus used her research to prove that __________.
A. memories of childhood trauma are usually true
B. adults' memories are concrete and rigid
C. children have better memories than adults
D. false memories could be created using suggestion
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Which of the following are true in PROKARYOTIC cells?
have ribosomes
small and simple
first cells, prefix meaning "before," thought to be early cells
have a cell membrane
large and complex
have DNA
have organelles and nucleus
no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
Answer:
prokaryotic cells don't have nucleus or membrane bound organelles
please help
how does the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum function work in a plant cell
4-5 sentences
thank you
Answer:
The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.
please help im timed
Answer:
Elements with the same number of valence electrons have similar chemical properties.
Explanation:
This is because the valence electron number decides the reactivity and bonding capabilities of an atom.
Mixtures can be classified into hetergenous and homogenous mixtures. Create a venn diagram to compare and contrast the 2 types of mixtures. Use the pdf attach to this assignment to help you fill out the venn diagram.
Mixtures can be classified into heterogenous and homogenous mixtures that vary in their composition of particles.
Mixtures can be classified into two types: heterogenous and homogenous mixtures. The composition of heterogenous mixtures is not same throughout while in those of homogenous mixtures, the composition of particles is same throughout. Example of a heterogenous mixture include vegetable soup while for homogenous mixtures, it include salt water.
A Venn diagram shows the logical connections between two or more sets of items using overlapping circles or other shapes. The parts of the circles that overlap show areas that are shared by the various objects, whilst the parts that do not overlap show distinctive characteristics of the thing or data collection that the circle is representing.
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What types of evidence do scientists examine as they make hypotheses about how organisms are related to one another?.
The evidence that scientists examine as they make hypotheses about how organisms are related to one another or simply we can say the evidence for evolution is:-
DNA and the genetic code reflect the shared ancestry of life.
Evidence for large-scale evolution comes from anatomy and embryology, molecular biology, fossils and biogeography.
Molecular similarities provide evidence for the shared ancestry of life. DNA sequence comparisons can show how different species are related. Similar anatomy found in different species may be homologous or analogous. Fossils provide evidence of long-term evolutionary changes, recording and retracting the past existence of species that are now extinct.
Biogeography is the study of the geographical distribution of organisms that provides information about how and when species may have evolved.
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Nicki just started a new unit in her highschool program. She's working to develop her observant function by focusing on her energy on what's happening "in the moment."
Which activity will best help nicki develop her observant function?
A. Take the exam first to see how hard it is before studying.
B. Focus on her current assignment and take notes.
C. Put off studying and instead invite her friends over for a movie marathon.
D. Look three courses ahead in her program to see what the assignments will be.
As Nicki is working to develop her observant function, she should:
Focus on her current assignment and take notes.
Good observation skills allow us to sit back and look inward at both us and others. When we examine observations for patterns, styles, and outcomes, we gain insights.
What is Observant Function?People that possess the Observant feature frequently act as a stabilizing force and have a propensity to accomplish goals. They have a strong "hands-on" attitude, meaning they focus on actual issues right away.The observer is the part of the brain that takes in physical inputs and sends them to perceptual awareness.Information from a primary source is actively acquired through observation. When observing living things, the senses are used. Using scientific tools to see and record data is another way to observe in science. Any information gathered throughout the scientific endeavor may also be referred to by this phrase. Observations can either be qualitative, in which case merely the presence or absence of quality is noticed, or quantitative, in which case a numerical value is assigned to the observed occurrence through counting or measuring.To learn more about the Observant function, refer to:
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Answer:
b
Explanation:I took the test
as the human population has increased, the result on natural capital has been . group of answer choices increasing the use of net primary production by humans increasing biodiversity decrease in waste production increasing available renewable resources. increasing natural predators
As the human population has increased, the result on natural capital has been increasing the use of net primary production by humans.
A growing population increases the need for resources such as food, water, housing, energy, healthcare, transportation, and more. And all that consumption increases the chance of catastrophic events like pandemics as well as ecological degradation, wars, and other social problems. Rapid development has resulted in unchecked urbanization, which has led to issues including overcrowding, poverty, crime, pollution, and political unrest. It promotes income inequality, slows the rate of GDP growth by keeping levels of capital investment and savings low, puts pressure on agricultural production and land, and worsens unemployment. Economic growth can result from an increasing population. Because more people can generate more things, population expansion will result in economic growth. Higher tax receipts will allow for the funding of public services including health care and environmental initiatives.
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sea stars prefer to eat mussels. if sea stars aren't present, mussels outcompete most other species in the mid-intertidal and lessen biodiversity. sea stars are: sea stars prefer to eat mussels. if sea stars aren't present, mussels outcompete most other species in the mid-intertidal and lessen biodiversity. sea stars are: a community dominant. a keystone species. a weak competitor. a competitive dominant.
If sea stars are not present, then this causes the biodiversity to lessen, hence sea stars are a) keystone species.
In ecology, a keystone species can be described as a species that significantly impacts a particular ecosystem. The presence or absence of a keystone species can affect the entire biodiversity of an ecosystem.
In the case above, sea stars are the keystone species of the mid-intertidal ecosystem as they help to keep the biodiversity in check in that particular ecosystem. Removal of sea stars from this ecosystem causes mussels to increase and lessen the whole biodiversity. As the removal of sea stars is impacting the whole mid-intertidal ecosystem, hence sea stars are the keystone species.
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On the periodic table lithium and beryllium are in different groups which statement describes why the two elements are in different groups.
They have different number of electron shells.
They have different atomic numbers
They are different colors
They have a different number of electrons in their outer shell
Answer:
They have a different number of electrons in their outer shell
I need help with that please
The locations for three genes have been added to this cartoon. For clarity, the locations have only been noted on one chromatid. The lowest frequency of crossovers would occur between genes ____ and ____.
The lowest frequency of crossovers would occur between genes a and b (the genes closet to one another on a chromosome)
The exchange of genetic material between the non-sister chromatids of two homologous chromosomes during sexual reproduction, or chromosomal crossover, leads to recombinant chromosomes. It is one of the last stages of genetic recombination, which takes place during the synapsis process at the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis. Before the synaptonemal complex forms, synapsis starts, and it doesn't stop until close to prophase I's conclusion.
The distance between genes is directly inversely correlated with the probability of gene crossing over between two genes that are located on the same chromosome (linked gene). Unlinked genes are assorted independently during cell division when two genes are not found on the same chromosome. Therefore, crossing over occurs frequently.
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Safety goggles are wise to wear during what process in screen printing?
Answer:
The basic process of screen printing involves creating a stencil on a mesh screen and then pushing the ink to create and imprint the design on the below surface. The most common surface used in screen printing is paper and fabric, but metal, wood, and plastic can also be used.
Explanation:
Nitrification reactions carried out be bacteria as part of the nitrogen cycle cn be considered.
Nitrification reactions carried out by bacteria as part of the nitrogen cycle can be considered as nitrogen fixation.
The first phase in the nitrogen cycle is nitrogen fixation, which involves turning atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. The second step, nitrification, involves turning ammonia into nitrates and nitrates.
What are Nitrification reactions?
The biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and subsequent oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate by different species is known as nitrification alternatively, comammox bacteria may directly oxidize ammonia to nitrate. The rate-limiting phase in nitrification is often the conversion of ammonia to nitrite. The nitrogen cycle in the soil goes through an essential stage called nitrification. Small populations of autotrophic bacteria and archaea carry out the aerobic nitrification process.
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Smooth muscle forms rings called ___________ that are usually contracted but relax periodically to allow substances to pass through them.
Smooth muscle forms ring called sphincters that are usually contracted but relax periodically to allow substances to pass through them.
A sphincter is a circular muscle that normally constricts a body channel or opening and opens when required for normal physiological function. There are sphincters in many species.
The human body contains more than 60 different varieties, some of which are minuscule in size, including the numerous precapillary sphincters. At death, sphincters loosen, frequently leaking fluids and feces.
Every sphincter has a connection to the lumen (opening) that it is enclosing. The lumen is narrowed and the sphincter muscle's length is reduced while it is contracted (closed). The muscle lengthens as a result of relaxation, allowing liquids, solids, or gases to pass through.
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A multicellular organism has 20 (2n) chromosomes in its body cells. How many chromosomes are in the
haploid (n) gametes
what would most likely be the effect of creating and expressing one regulatory transcription factor if the expressed protein had a dimerization domain but lacked an ability to interact with mediator proteins?
Genes whose transcription is regulated by the typical dimer would have decreased activity.
This is due to the transcription factor's failure to interact with mediator proteins, despite being able to bind to the enhancer or promoter region of the DNA that needs to be transcribed. As a result, the transcription factor would not be able to carry out its intended function. The so-called "coactivators" of transcription are the mediator proteins. To activate and accelerate the rate of transcription, they collaborate with transcription factors. The rate of transcription will slow down if they don't interact with the transcription factors properly.
Thus transcriptional activity of genes regulated by the typical dimer would be reduced.
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predict the following gene and genotypic frequencies for a gene at hardy-weinberg equilibrium within a population of animals where the gene frequency of the dominant allele is 0.9. assume two alleles exist for the gene within the population.
The predicted genotypic frequencies for an allele of gene at hardy-weinberg equilibrium within a population of animals where the gene frequency of the dominant allele is 0.9 is 0.18
Using the data supplied in the question,
Frequency of allele P = 0.9 or 90%,
Frequency of allele p = 0.1 or 10%.
From Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium : (p^2 + 2pq + q^2)
2pq (Heterozygous genotype) = 2 x 0.9 x 0.1 = 0.18 or 18%
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Describe the pattern of precipitation in this place. Is it seasonal or year-round?
The patterns of precipitation in Bangkok are monsoons. It has been a seasonal climatic factor there.
Rainfall patterns change with the seasons and the Sun's north-south motion, especially within and close to the tropical rain belt. Near the equator, there may be two wet seasons and two dry seasons. The two equinoxes in March and September, when the midday Sun is directly overhead and at its strongest, are when it rains the most. The year can be divided into a single wet and dry season further from the equator. The Northern Hemisphere experiences its wettest months in June and July.
In particular for places where the average quantities are minimal, the long-term average precipitation amounts for a season or a year provide little insight into the frequency with which rain may be anticipated.
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in which way(s) are dendrites and axons similar? a both are characterized by branching. b they have similar lengths. c both exhibit a tapering of diameter with increasing distance from the cell body. d all of the above
Dendrites and Axon both have branching as a defining feature.
What are axons and what do they do?Your brain's neurons each have a solitary, lengthy cable that extends from the cell's center. A neuron's axon, a cable that is far thinner than a human hair, is where electrical impulses escape the cell to be picked up by nearby neurons.
Explain dendrites.Extensions called dendrites are designed to pick up messages from neighboring cells. When activated by other neurons, they take the shape of projections with a tree-like structure that transport the electrochemical charge to the cell body (or, more rarely, directly to the axons).
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which objects on earth absorb photons, what is it reflected as?
In the photoelectric effect process, photon loses its entire energy to an atomic electron which is in turn released from the atom.
When a photon is absorbed by an electron it itself get destroyed, but it's energy is transferred into the atoms of the object it hit. That energy may re-emitted as a another photon and it happens when light reflects off an object.
Materials like Coal, black paint, and carbon nanotube arrays absorbs light and materials, such as glass , have no absorbing properties and therefore they look transparent. Photon enters the eye get absorbed by one of the rod or cone cells that envelop the retina on the inner back surface of the eye.
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which receptor is most sensitive to 300 hz vibrations? question 19 options: meissner's corpuscle hair follicle receptor pacinian corpuscle merkel cell-neurite complex ruffini ending
Pacinian corpuscles receptor is most sensitive to 300 hz vibrations.
Vater-Pacini or lamellar corpuscles, also known as pacinian corpuscles, are sensory receptors for deep pressure and vibration that are crucial for proprioception. They can be found all over the body, but the hands and feet are where they are most prevalent and closely clustered. It has been discovered that pacinian corpuscles are situated close to and inside capsuloligamentous structures, where they can supply reflexogenic feedback and indirect support for joint stability.
Both hirsute (hairy) and glabrous (hairless) skin, viscera, joints, and the periosteum of bone include this type of mechanoreceptor, which is principally in charge of sensitivity to vibration. A small number of them are also susceptible to low frequency or quasi-static pressure stimuli. The majority of them only react to abrupt perturbations and are particularly sensitive to vibrations at frequencies under a few hundreds Hz.
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scottish and amazonian legends both tell of beautiful men and women that break the hearts of their lovers when they eventually must return to their true form, an aquatic mammal. quizlet
False; both scottish and amazonian legends depict attractive people who shatter their lovers' hearts by returning to their true natures as aquatic mammals.
Mammary glands, which in females produce milk for nourishing (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a portion of the brain), fur or hair, and three middle ear bones are features that distinguish mammals (from the Latin mamma, "breast") from other vertebrate creatures. With the exception of birds, from which they split around 300 million years ago in the Carboniferous, they are distinguished by these traits from reptiles (including other birds). A total of 29 orders and 6,400 described mammals specie are currently living. Rodents, bats, and Eulipotyphla are the greatest orders in terms of the number of species (hedgehogs, moles, shrews, and others). The Artiodactyla, which includes cetaceans and even-toed ungulates, and the Carnivora are the following three groups: Primates (which includes humans, apes, monkeys, and other species), and (cats, dogs, and seals)
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When there is a cut in the skin and bacteria enter the body, the immune system responds. First, macrophages approach the area of the cut. Next, the macrophages surround any bacterial cells and engulf them. What feature of the immune system is best described by this scenario?
A.
self-recognition, which is a part of adaptive immunity
B.
the phagocytotic barrier, which is a part of innate immunity
C.
antigen specificity, which is a part of adaptive immunity
D.
the inflammatory barrier, which is a part of innate immunity
The feature of the immune system which is best described by this scenario which involves engulfing of bacterial cells is the phagocytotic barrier, which is a part of innate immunity and is denoted as option B.
What is Immune system?This is part of the body which is responsible for protection and helps to fight germs and diseases through the white blood cells which are present in the body system.
The immune system comprises of macrophages which engulfs the pathogen through the process known as phagocytosis which is why phagocytotic barrier which is a part of innate immunity was chosen as the correct choice.
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during photophosphorylation, the ph of the thylakoid interior will be a) higher than the ph of stroma since protons move into thylakoid b) lower than the ph of stroma since protons move into thylakoid space. c) same as the the ph of stroma since protons go in and out of thylakoid space
Lower than the ph of stroma since protons move into thylakoid space
What is photophosphorylation ?By activating PSII with the help of solar energy, photophosphorylation transforms ADP into ATP. This involves a procedure known as photolysis, which involves splitting the water molecule into oxygen and hydrogen protons (H+). After then, water and PSI are continuously connected by a single-direction flow of electrons.
Actively moving protons from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen requires energy from an electron transport chain. Consequently, the lumen has a lower pH than the stroma and a substantially larger proton concentration.Using light energy from photosynthesis, ADP is converted to ATP through the process of photophosphorylation. It involves adding a phosphate group to an ADP molecule in the presence of light in order to create energy-dense ATP molecules.Learn more about Photophosphorylation here:
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the catalytic domain of a protein kinase group of answer choices transfers a phosphate group to the relevant amino acid of the target protein. transfers atp to the relevant amino acid of the target protein. binds to ip 3 . transfers a carboxyl group to the relevant amino acid of the target protein. binds to ca 2 ions.
Transfers a phosphate group to the relevant amino acid of the target protein
What is Protein kinase transfer ?A catalytic component found in protein kinases transfers gamma phosphate from nucleoside triphosphates (usually always ATP) to the side chain of an amino acid in a protein, causing conformational and/or dynamic changes that alter protein activity.
Protein kinases are essential for signal transmission and other physiological activities because they transfer a phosphoryl group from ATP onto target proteins.Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) transfers its gamma phosphate group to a recipient protein, which serves as a substrate, via a chemical reaction that is catalysed by protein kinases.A phosphate group is transferred from highly energetic, phosphate-donating molecules to certain substrates through the action of the enzyme kinase.Learn more Protein kinase transfer here:
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scientists have confirmed by carbon dating that seeds dormant for up to 2000 years can successfully germinate. based on the requirements for germination, what research expedition should you join in order to retrieve some ancient but viable seeds?
(D) "A trip to the arid Dead Sea region, where your historian colleagues have found a storeroom of wax-sealed jars." is the research expedition should you join in order to retrieve some ancient but viable seeds.
The Dead Sea Scrolls were initially found in 1947 by Bedouin shepherds at Qumran in a lonely maze of caves. The Bedouin found several antique clay jars that had been wax-sealed. They still remain shrouded in mystery and contain biblical and other religious writings that were copied more than 2000 years ago and therefore is accurate to the carbon dating that seeds dormant for up to 2000 years can successfully germinate.
Between 1947 and 1956, the texts were found in 11 caves adjacent to Qumran. Few well-preserved scrolls, which typically only survive in fragments, were discovered in cylindrical jars, but many other neighboring caves yielded identical jars and lids without scrolls.
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Question correction:
Scientists have confirmed by carbon dating that seeds dormant for up to 2000 years can successfully germinate. Based on the requirements for germination, what research expedition should you join in order to retrieve some ancient but viable seeds?
A. A trip to Indonesia, where the civet cat eats and expels coffee beans, producing a gourmet coffee known as Kopi Luwak.
B. A trip to the Irish marsh, where wet peat creates anaerobic conditions, and your colleagues hope to unearth a bog mummy.
C. A trip to the Burgess Shale in Canada, where your paleontologist colleagues have found fossils from the Cambrian era.
D. A trip to the arid Dead Sea region, where your historian colleagues have found a storeroom of wax-sealed jars
In a closed ecosystem carbon cannot be produced are used up true or false
This is where exhaled carbon dioxide and other waste products are effectively converted, either chemically or through photosynthesis, into products such as food, water and oxygen.
What is a closed ecosystem?
Closed systems are characterized as 'self-regenerating' ecosystems that can sustain life without external help. By creating a continuous cycle, all resources can be fully reused.
It is primarily used to describe miniature forms of human-made ecosystems and is of scientific interest. These ecosystems tend to show great potential, especially in establishing life support systems during spaceflights and on space stations, and even in creating space habitats.
In closed ecosystems, it is important to naturally include at least one autotroph, since almost all designed closed ecosystems are based on autotrophs such as green algae. It is also important that all forms of waste produced by one organism are utilized by other organisms within a closed ecosystem.
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