scientists estimate that whaling activity in the 19th and early 20th centuries had reduced the number of adult female southern right whales to as few as sixty individuals by 1920. this reduction resulted in a genetic bottleneck for the species. treaties to stop whaling have substantially increased the number of southern right whales. despite this increase, the bottleneck still threatens the future of the species. which capacity of the species is most severely diminished by the bottleneck?
a. acquiring random mutations
b. responding to environmental changes
c. maintaining a healthy social structure
d. remaining genetically stable.
The capacity of the southern right whale species that is most severely diminished by the bottleneck is the ability to remain genetically stable and maintain a diverse gene pool.
A genetic bottleneck is a reduction in the size of a population that leads to a loss of genetic diversity. This can occur due to a number of factors, including natural disasters, disease outbreaks, or human activities such as hunting or habitat destruction. In the case of the southern right whales, the population was severely reduced by whaling activity in the 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to a genetic bottleneck. The capacity of the species that is most severely diminished by the bottleneck is the ability to maintain a diverse gene pool, which is necessary for the species to adapt to changing environmental conditions and respond to new challenges. When a population experiences a genetic bottleneck, the number of different genes available for selection is reduced, leading to a loss of genetic diversity. This can make it more difficult for the population to adapt to new challenges and can increase the risk of extinction.
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place the following structures in the order that an electrical impulse would travel beginning with the post-synaptic membrane. 1. Dendrites 2. Soma 3. Axon hillock 4. Internode 5. Node of Ranvier 6. Terminal arborization 7. Synaptic knobs
1. Dendrites 2. Soma 3. Axon hillock 4. Internode 5. Node of Ranvier 6. Terminal arborization 7. Synaptic knobs ,structures in the order that an electrical impulse would travel beginning with the post-synaptic membrane.
The neuronal terminals known as synaptic knobs (also known as synaptic terminals or synaptic clefts) are thought to be involved in the transmission of brain stimulants. By attaching to these synaptic terminals, the neurotransmitters in the vesicle release the substance that is bound to them. On a neuron's axon are synaptic knobs. The axon may be quite lengthy and include several synaptic knobs. They are bulbous terminal end points that interact with other cells using.The axon may be quite lengthy and include several synaptic knobs. They are bulbous terminal end points that interact with other cells using neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers.
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what is extinction? what evidence do we have that some species have become extinct? what are some factors that can lead to extinction events? why would they potentially lead to extinction events?
How do the herbaceous and woody plants differ in their stem structures and growth patterns?
Woody plants possess stems that last for a number of years and continually expand (in height and breadth). Woody plants can be categorized as trees, shrubs, or vines, and their leaves can be deciduous, semi-evergreen.
What does it mean when a plant is herbaceous?Herbaceous plants lack an above-ground, permanent wooden stem. They are categorized as annuals, biennials, or perennials based on their life cycle. On remedied soils, native herbaceous plants often colonize and have the potential to be used in phytoremediation removing heavy metals.
Is lavender woody or herbaceous?Although lavender grows like an everlasting shrub and has the potential to form relatively woody branches that last for years, it is nevertheless classified as a herbaceous perennial plant. However, due to its application in making essential oils and gourmet endeavors, it is plainly regarded as a herb.
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Use the following map of four genes on a chromosome to answer the question. (cant attach image) when collecting data from genetic crosses which gene pair is most likely to show the highest frequency of recombination?
a. A and E
b. E and G
c. A and W
d. A and G
A and G shows the highest frequency.
What is recombination?
The exchange of genetic material between distinct species, commonly referred to as genetic recombination or genetic reshuffling, produces offspring with features that are different from those of either parent. In eukaryotes, meiosis-induced genetic recombination can produce a unique set of genetic material that can then be transferred from parents to children. The majority of recombination happens spontaneously and may be divided into two categories:
(1) Independent assortment of alleles whose loci are on various but homologous chromosomes leads to inter-chromosomal recombination.
(2) chromosomal crossing over that results in intra-chromosomal recombination.
Therefore, option d is correct
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What is the function of nucleic acids?
Answer: Storage and expression of genomic information.
Explanation:
Nucleic acids contain both DNA (deoxyribonucleic acids) and RNA (ribonucleic acids). Its functions are:
1) to store genetic information.
2) controls the synthesis.
3) sequence of nitrogenous bases determines the protein development in cells.
4)double helix formation of DNA helps to ensure that no disorders occur.
5)DNA stores the genetic information and RNA transfers the genetic information.
Answer: nucleic acids consists the cell's information molecules. It involves both DNA and RNA.
functions of nucleic acids
1) it protects the information,as DNA source is extremely crucial.
2) DNA fingerprinting is another function of nucleic acids.
3)one major function is to carry information of genetics
Explanation:
7) What is the purpose of this exchange of genetic material during crossover? Why is it important?
The exchange of genetic material during crossover, also known as recombination, is a process that occurs during meiosis, the process of cell division that produces eggs and sperm cells. During meiosis, genetic material from the mother and father is combined in the offspring. This process is important because it increases the genetic diversity of the offspring, which can help the organism adapt to changes in its environment.
Crossover occurs when homologous chromosomes, which are pairs of chromosomes that contain similar genetic information, exchange pieces of DNA during meiosis. This exchange of DNA creates new combinations of genetic material that were not present in the mother or father.
Overall, the purpose of crossover is to increase the genetic diversity of the offspring, which can increase the chances of survival and reproduction in a changing environment. Crossover is therefore an important process that helps organisms adapt and evolve over time.
The purpose of this exchange of genetic material during crossover to vary the programming of a chromosome or chromosomes from one generation to the next.
Crossover is a cellular process that occurs when chromosomes of the same type are joined together during meiosis. When two chromosomes (one from the mother and one from the father) meet, parts of the chromosome can be swapped. Although the two chromosomes contain the same genes, they may have different gene shapes.
Let's say that the gene shape from the mother can be transferred to the father's chromosome and vice versa .This is a very interesting and important biological activity. Different combinations of different genotypes can then be passed on to offspring. This genetic variation helps increase species diversity. Diversity also enhances a species' ability to respond to its changing environment over time, thereby evolving.
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How do you relate the classification of organisms to other concepts or topics in biology or other disciplines?
Classification of organisms is a fundamental concept in biology, and it can be related to many other topics as well.
What is classification of organisms?Classification of organisms is the process of grouping organisms into categories based on their characteristics. It is an important step in understanding the diversity of life on Earth.
For example, the classification of organisms is important for understanding the evolutionary relationships between species, as well as the changes in species over time. Additionally, it can be related to concepts such as biodiversity, conservation, and ecology, as it is a way to measure and compare the diversity of different species and their habitats. Classification of organisms is also connected to topics in chemistry, such as biochemistry and genetics, as the genetic make-up of an organism can help to classify it into a particular group. Finally, the classification of organisms is often related to the study of taxonomy, as it is used to determine the naming and organization of organisms.
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place the following important hominin fossils in chronological order, from oldest to most recent.
The following important hominin fossils are in chronological order, from oldest to most recent.
Krapina Neandertal cranium.
modern human skulls from Lake Mungo.
early modern H.sapiens "Cro-Magnon Man"
Kennewick Man.
A fossil is any preserved trace, imprint, or proof of a once-living entity from a past geological era. Exoskeletons, bones, shells, impressions of animals or microbes in stone, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood, and DNA traces are a few examples. The collection of all fossils is known as the fossil record.
Paleontology is the study of fossils, including their age, formation method, and evolutionary significance. A specimen is normally considered to be a fossil if it is older than 10,000 years. The earliest fossils are 3.48 to 4.1 billion years old. The revelation that different fossils were connected to specific rock layers in the 19th century led to the establishment of a geological timeline and its related.
The complete question is:
Place the following important hominin fossils in chronological order, from oldest to most recent.
1. Kennewick Man
2. Krapina Neandertal cranium
3. early modern Homo sapiens "Cro-Magnon Man"
4. modern human skulls from Lake Mungo, Australia
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Prokaryotic cells are ___ and do not have a nucleus.
Answer:
unicellular
Explanation:
Prokaryotic cells are unicellular and do not have a nucleus
Which of the following is NOT occurring during interphase?
Cell Growth
DNA Condesing
DNA being Copied
Two new Cells are made
Answer:
the answer is "Two new cells are made" is NOT occurring during interphase.
Explanation:
Cell growth: During interphase, the cell grows in size and carries out its normal functions.DNA condensing: During interphase, the DNA within the cell's nucleus becomes more compact and organized, preparing for replication.DNA being copied: During interphase, the DNA within the cell's nucleus is replicated, or copied, in preparation for cell division.Two new cells are made: This event does not occur during interphase. Interphase is the phase between cell divisions, during which the cell grows, synthesizes proteins, and replicates its DNA. Cell division itself occurs during the next phase of the cell cycle, called the mitotic phase.What type of energy i the chemical energy that tably hold electron together in orbital of electron cloudd
The term "energy of orbitals" refers to either the energy generated when an electron is added from infinity to an orbital or the energy needed to carry an electron already present in that orbital to infinity.
What is the substance that binds atoms collectively?
The energy held in the bonds tying atoms and molecules together is known as chemical energy. Examples include food, fuel, and the energy held in a battery's chemical components. The energy that an atom's nucleus stores and uses to keep itself together is known as NUCLEAR ENERGY.
In an electron cloud, how do electrons move?
According to this idea, the negative electrons orbit the positive nucleus a predetermined distance away. Erwin Schrödinger hypothesized in the 1920s that electrons move in waves, making it impossible to pinpoint their precise positions.
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One plant growing on the floor of the tropical rain forest and the deciduous forest would be . A. Moss , B. Epiphytes, C. Small trees, D. Oak trees .
The biomes with the highest diversity of organisms is. A. Taiga , B. Tropical rainforest. C. Temperate deciduous forest ,
Which of the following industries would be threats to forest biomes ? A. The paper industry, B. Cattle farming, C. Mining operations, D. Or all of the above.
Which of the following would not be adaptations you would find in some plants in the tropical rain forest biome . A. Shallow roots, B. The ability to grow on other trees, C. Thin, needle-like leaves, D. Roots that grow sideways for support .
1. Correct option is A, One plant growing on the floor of the tropical rain forest and the deciduous forest would be Moss.
2. The biomes with the highest diversity of organisms is Tropical rainforest.
3. Correct option is D, All of the above are a threat to the forest biomes.
4. Correct option is A, Shallow roots would not be adaptations you would find in some plants in the tropical rain forest biome.
What is meant by Tropical rain forest biome?Another word for a specific kind of environment is a biome. The specific plants that grow there are determined by the climate, which is a characteristic of biomes. What animals reside in a biome depends on its climate and vegetation. This page discusses the tropical rainforest, one of the planet's most diverse and recognizable biomes, and its climate and biodiversity.
The term "rainforest" suggests that these are among of the wettest environments on earth. Jungles often see relatively high annual rainfall, though the precise quantity varies between years and rainforests. For instance, the tropical rainforests of South America typically receive between 200 and 300 centimeters (80 and 120 inches, or 6.5 to 10 feet!) of precipitation each year.
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6.how are we able to distinguish between the hba beta globin allele and the hbs alleles in our lab exercise?
The mutation in the beta-globin allele into the sickle cell allele can be detected by Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis or DGGE.
It uses electrophoresis to find single base alterations in a DNA segment. Double-stranded DNA is subjected to an increasing denaturing environment in a denaturing gradient acrylamide gel and will melt in distinct regions known as "melting domains." These domains' melting point (Tm) varies depending on the sequence.
The DNA will partially melt when the lowest melting domain's Tm is reached, resulting in branched molecules. DNA loses some of its mobility in a polyacrylamide gel when it partially melts. The presence of a mutation will change the DNA's melting profile when compared to wild type because the Tm of each melting domain is sequence-specific. DNA with mutations will experience mobility shifts at various locations in the gel compared to the wild type. If the fragment completely loses its genetic makeup, migration once more depends on size.
Hence, difference in normal and mutant DNA sequence can be observed in gel.
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Which is Metaphase?
A
C
E
F
Metaphase is the phase when the chromosomes are located at the center of the cell so the answer is letter C.
The diagram shows the human circulation system with some blood vessels labeled A to J. The arrow shows the direction of blood flow.
Based in the diagram showing the human circulation system with some blood vessels labeled A to J;
A contains the least carbon dioxide
G veins contain the most glucose after a meal
J contains the least oxygen
F contains the least urea
B Contains blood at the highest pressure
2. Blood vessel A carries oxygenated whereas blood vessel J carries deoxygenated blood.
Blood vessel A does not contain valves whereas blood vessel J contains valves.
What are arteries and veins?Arteries and veins are two types of blood vessels that are found in the body.
Arteries carry oxygenated whereas veins carry deoxygenated blood.
The pulmonary vein contains the least carbon dioxide
The hepatic portal veins contain the most glucose after a meal
The pulmonary artery contains the least oxygen
The Renal Vein contains the least urea
The aorta Contains blood at the highest pressure.
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Please help, this is basic 7th grade science.
1. Before a big soccer game...
2. Human sweat when they get hot
3. my cat lulu giving birth....
4. number of cells increase as humans grow...
5. birds flying....
Please I need the correct answer for this , quickkk
i) The frequency polygon for the data-set is presented at the end of the answer.
ii) The modal class is given by the following option:
C. 160 to 199 mg per cm³.
iii) The percentage is of: 15.28%.
How to graph the data?From the table in this problem, we are given the absolute frequencies of each range of cholesterol levels, that is the number of men with each cholesterol levels in the group.
Hence a frequency polygon should be used to graph the data-set, with input as the ranges and the output as the absolute frequencies, and the polygon is the image given at the end of the answer.
What is the modal class?The modal class is the class with the highest number of observations.
These numbers are given as follows:
13, 150, 442, 299, 115, 34, 9, 5.
The highest number is of 442, which is in the class from 160 to 199 mg per cm³, hence option C is correct.
How to obtain the percentage?The total number of men in the sample is of:
13 + 150 + 442 + 299 + 115 + 34 + 9 + 5 = 1067.
The number of those at risk of a heart disease is of:
115 + 34 + 9 + 5 = 163.
Hence the percentage is of:
163/1067 x 100% = 15.28%.
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PLEASE HELP!!! Mitosis and Meiosis in fruit flies and humans. For each stage of mitosis and meiosis, the number of cells, number of chromosomes in each cell, number of homologous pairs in each cell, and diploid or haploid number. Chart in screenshot.
The number of chromosomes during mitosis of a fruit fly is 8 while in human cells, there are 46 chromosomes during mitosis and 23 chromosomes during meiosis
What is Mitosis and MeiosisMitosis is a type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell. It is a process by which a cell replicates its genetic material and divides into two daughter cells. During mitosis, the chromosomes in the nucleus are duplicated, and the nucleus divides into two daughter nuclei. This process of mitosis is responsible for the growth and development of organisms, as well as for the maintenance of tissue.
Meiosis is the process of cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. During meiosis, the chromosomes in the nucleus are duplicated and then split into four daughter cells. This process of meiosis is responsible for the formation of eggs and sperm, and is essential for sexual reproduction.
In this question, we need to determine the mitosis in fruit files as well as mitosis and meiosis in human cells
Table 1
Fruit Flies
Mitosis:
Number of Cells: 2
Number of Chromosomes in Each Cell: 8
Number of Homologous Pairs in Each Cell: 4
Diploid or Haploid Number: Diploid
Meiosis:
Number of Cells: 4
Number of Chromosomes in Each Cell: 4
Number of Homologous Pairs in Each Cell: 2
Diploid or Haploid Number: Haploid
Table 2
Humans
Mitosis:
Number of Cells: 2
Number of Chromosomes in Each Cell: 46
Number of Homologous Pairs in Each Cell: 23
Diploid or Haploid Number: Diploid
Table 3
Meiosis:
Number of Cells: 4
Number of Chromosomes in Each Cell: 23
Number of Homologous Pairs in Each Cell: 11
Diploid or Haploid Number: Haploid
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FILL IN THE BLANK. ____________, which is secreted by ___________ cells, is necessary for vitamin b12 absorption.
Intrinsic factor, which is secreted by the parietal cells, is necessary for vitamin b12 absorption.
Function of vitamins B12 in parietal cellsVitamin B12 is essential for many metabolic processes, including the production of red blood cells and DNA synthesis, as well as the proper functioning of the nervous system.
Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein produced in the stomach that binds to vitamin B12 and helps it to be absorbed in the small intestine. Without intrinsic factor, the body is unable to absorb vitamin B12, leading to a deficiency and a range of health problems.
Therefore, it is clear that intrinsic factor is necessary for vitamin B12 absorption, and without it, the body would not be able to utilize this essential nutrient.
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All of the following disciplines are major contributors to the field of environmental science except?a. Linguistics and physicsb. Biology and earth sciencec. Social sciences
All of the following disciplines are major contributors to the field of environmental science except linguistics and physics.
Environmental science is a multidisciplinary field that combines knowledge from a wide range of scientific and social science disciplines to understand the interactions between humans and the natural world. Biology and earth science are both major contributors to environmental science, as they provide understanding of the processes and systems that make up the natural environment. Social sciences, including fields such as economics, sociology, and anthropology, also play an important role in environmental science, as they provide insight into the social and cultural factors that influence human interactions with the environment. Linguistics and physics, while important fields of study in their own right, are not typically considered major contributors to environmental science.
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Labrador Ducks: NOW HUMANS NAVE CAUSED THIS SITUATION: How are humans affecting the carrying capacity
of this organism, what human actions or environmental changes are causing their carrying
capacity to decrease? How have humans negatively affected this species? Have they taken their
habitatiland, polluted the water/land, built roads/buildings, hunted or killed, spread disease, or
done anything else that makes it harder for the species to survive?
It is not clear what species or situation you are referring to in your question. The Labrador Duck was a species of sea duck that was native to the Atlantic coast of North America, but it is now extinct. It is not known exactly why the Labrador Duck went extinct, but it is likely that a combination of factors played a role. Some possible reasons for the species' extinction include hunting, habitat loss, and changes in the availability of food due to human activities. It is not known how humans specifically affected the carrying capacity of this species, as carrying capacity is a concept that refers to the maximum population size of a species that can be sustained in a particular environment. Without more information, it is not possible to say how humans affected the carrying capacity of the Labrador Duck or how they negatively affected the species.
The human population is increasing every day. How does this increase in population affect the natural resources that maintain humans?
a) Increases the supply of resources
b) Decreases the amount of resources
c) Results in less demand for resources
d) Improves the quality of the resources
The natural resources that maintain humans results in decreases the amount of resources. The correct option is b.
What are natural resources?Natural resources are resources derived from nature and used with minimal modification. This includes commercial and industrial use, aesthetic value, scientific interest, and cultural value.
The environmental impact of so many people is manifested in two ways: consumption of resources such as land, food, water, air, fossil fuels, and minerals.
Consumption waste products include air and water pollutants, toxic materials, and greenhouse gases.
Thus, the correct option is b.
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What is Autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic division)?
The two halves of the autonomic nervous system are the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
The two fundamental parts of the central nervous system are the spinal cord and the brain.
peripheral nervous system.
The peripheral nervous system is made up of the nerves and ganglia that are not connected to the brain and spinal cord, while the central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system are also parts of the peripheral neural system.
The autonomic nervous system also includes the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The "fight or flight" reaction is triggered by the sympathetic nervous system. The parasympathetic nerve system controls relaxing and digestive processes.
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what type of structures are seen when a species displays a feature that would normally only be found in its ancestors (e.g. human tail) as a result of the expression of a gene that is normally not expressed?
Orthologs are genes that, in numerous species that split from a common ancestor gene through speciation, have retained the same function over the course of evolution.
The alternative form or variations of a gene are referred to as "alleles." One allele for each autosomal gene is inherited from each parent, and we frequently categorise the alleles. They are typically referred to as wild-type, mutant, aberrant, or normal alleles.
In a word, orthologs are genes found in numerous organisms that are their exact evolutionary analogues. Orthologs were passed down through speciation in contrast to paralogs, which are genes within the same organism that developed through gene duplication [6, 3, 2].
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FILL IN THE BLANK. the t test for independent means is used when each group is tested ____________.
The t test for independent means is used when each group is tested only once.
'What is t-test?'
A t-test examines two data sets' average values to ascertain whether or not they represent the same population.
To evaluate whether there is a significant difference between the means of two groups and their relationships, a t-test is an inferential statistic that is used. When data sets contain unknown variances and a normal distribution, such as the data set obtained from tossing a coin 100 times, t-tests are utilized.
In order to evaluate statistical significance, the t-test, a test used for hypothesis testing in statistics, uses the t-statistic, the values of the t-distribution, and the degrees of freedom.
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Meiosis occurs in which of the following? a. diploid cells b. haploid cells c. mostly haploid cells but occasionally diploid cells d. mosty diploid cells but occasionally haploid cells
Answer: a. diploid cells
Explanation: Meiosis begins in a germ cell (2n; diploid), which then goes through two cell divisions resulting in 1n; haploid cells (gametes). Mitosis also begins with a 2n; diploid cell.
I hope this helps! :)
a gene is best defined as: question 3 options: 1) three nucleotides that code for an amino acid. 2) a sequence of nucleotides in rna that codes for a functional product. 3)
The best way to describe a gene is as a DNA sequence of nucleotides that codes for a useful end result.
The fundamental genetic component transferred from parent to kid. Genes are composed of DNA sequences and are organized sequentially at specified sites on chromosome in the cell nucleus. Genes are sections of DNA that are located on chromosomes and control how a certain trait is inherited. They are in charge of the hereditary traits that set one person apart from another. Chromosomes. Chromosomes are components of a cell's nucleus that house its genetic material (DNA). a section of DNA that carries the blueprints needed to produce a gene product. The "sequence of three," a string of three numbers, is a secret code found in the genetic code.
(1) A gene is best defined as
A) a segment of DNA.
B) three nucleotides that code for an amino acid.
C) a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product.
D) a sequence of nucleotides in RNA that codes for a functional product.
E) a transcribed unit of DNA.)
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How do the wind, water, animals, and ballistic mechanisms aid in the pollination and seed dispersal of plants?
When fruits with less-than-sturdy seed coats allowing the seeds to disperse effectively. When fruit falls to the ground, additional forces like water, wind, birds, or animals may carry it and aid in the dispersal of seeds.
What is pollination and examples?Pollination is the movement of pollens from stamens, which are the components of flowers that create them, to the organs that contain ovules or to the oocyte (precursors of seeds), themselves. Pollen is just captured in a drip of fluid generated by the ovule in plants with exposed ovules, such as coniferous trees and cycads.
Where does pollination occur?Either the same crop or a different plant is pollinated. Pollinating animals including birds, bees, bats, caterpillars, moths, beetle, and other creatures, as well as the wind, transfer pollen within flowers or transport it from one bloom to another during the pollination process.
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in eukaryotic cells, the processes of protein synthesis occur in different cellular locations.
a. formation of ribosomal subunits
b. attachment of an amino acid to tRNA
c. translation of cytoplasmic proteins
d. transcription and RNA processing
e. transcription and RNA processing
The processes of protein synthesis occur in the following locations :-
a. formation of ribosomal subunits.
b. attachment of an amino acid to RNA.
c. translation of cytoplasmic proteins.
d. transcription and RNA processing.
e. translation of secreted proteins.
Cells utilize the genetic information contained in DNA as a living library of instructions to carry out life's essential tasks. In each cell, catalysts look for the relevant information in this library and use it to create new proteins that make up the cell's structures, drive its biochemical processes, and are occasionally produced for export. Although the genetic code in every cell of a multicellular creature is the same, functionally distinct cells within the organism use diverse sets of catalysts to express only particular parts of these instructions in order to carry out the duties of life.
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