Renin is an enzyme that is also made by the kidneys and is crucial to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone hormonal pathway, which regulates blood pressure.
what is RAAS?
The hormones, proteins, enzymes, and chemical reactions that control your blood pressure and blood volume over the long term are part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
It controls your blood pressure by raising water retention, sodium (salt) absorption, and vascular tone (the degree to which your blood vessels constrict, or narrow). The three main chemicals that make up the RAAS are as follows:
Renin (an enzyme)
Angiotensin II (a hormone).
Aldosterone (a hormone)
Renin is an enzyme that your kidneys release into the bloodstream when your blood pressure drops.
Angiotensinogen, a protein that your liver produces and secretes, is fragmented by renin. The hormone angiotensin I makes up one part.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in your lungs and kidneys breaks down inactive (does not have any effects) angiotensin I as it circulates through your bloodstream. An active hormone called angiotensin II is one of their components.
Angiotensin II raises blood pressure by contracting (narrowing) the muscular walls of tiny arteries (arterioles). Additionally, angiotensin II causes the release of antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone from your pituitary and adrenal glands (ADH, or vasopressin).
Your kidneys retain sodium as a result of aldosterone and ADH working together. Your kidneys release hormones as a result of aldosterone.
Water retention results from an increase in blood salt levels. This completes the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by raising blood volume and blood pressure.
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a patient taking hydrochorathiazide, thiazide diuretic, has the following blood laboratory values. which value does the nurse report to the prescriber
A patient taking hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic has the following blood laboratory values for kidney function. The nurse should report to the prescriber potassium 2.6 mEq/L.
What do you mean by hydrochlorothiazide?
A diuretic drug called hydrochlorothiazide is frequently prescribed to treat high blood pressure and swelling brought on by fluid retention. Other applications include the treatment of renal tubular acidosis and diabetes insipidus, as well as lowering kidney stone risk in people with high urine calcium levels. Chlortalidone is more effective at preventing heart attacks and strokes than hydrochlorothiazide. The effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide can be increased by taking it alongside other blood pressure drugs in a single dose. Poor renal function, electrolyte imbalances, such as low blood potassium and, less frequently, low blood sodium, gout, high blood sugar, and dizziness upon standing are possible adverse effects.
Thus from above conclusion we can say that a patient taking hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic has the following blood laboratory values for kidney function. The nurse should report to the prescriber potassium 2.6 mEq/L.
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the parent of a 15-month-old calls the nurse and says that the child developed a rash and mild fever after receiving a routine measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (mmrv) vaccine in the pediatric clinic 5 days ago. what is the best response by the nurse?
The best response by the nurse for a child who developed a rash and mild fever after receiving the routine measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine in the pediatric clinic 5 days ago is Does your child have a temperature.
Seizures brought on by fever after MMRV vaccination are uncommon but possible. Mild fever and rash, agitation and restlessness, as well as swelling and erythema at the injection site, are the typical MMRV vaccine reactions that manifest 5 to 12 days after vaccination.
All three vaccines contain live, attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella viruses. Additionally, the live, attenuated varicella-zoster virus is included in MMRV. Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine, or MMR for short. Children typically receive their first dose between 9 and 15 months.
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a client with crohn's disease has concentrated urine, decreased urinary output, dry skin with decreased turgor, hypotension, and weak, thready pulses. what should the nurse should do first?
Many people with Crohn’s disease need medicines.
What is Crohn's disease?
A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract. Crohn's disease can sometimes cause life-threatening complications. Crohn's disease can cause abdominal pain, diarrheal, weight loss, anaemia, and fatigue. Some people may be symptom free most of their lives, while others can have severe chronic symptoms that never go away. Crohn's disease cannot be cured.
Although no medicine cures Crohn’s disease, many can reduce symptoms.
Aminosalicylates. These medicines contain 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), which helps control inflammation. Doctors use aminosalicylates to treat people newly diagnosed with Crohn’s disease who have mild symptoms. Aminosalicylates include:
1.balsalazide
2.mesalamine
3.olsalazine
4.sulfasalazine
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a patient is being seen in the clinic for possible kidney disease. what major sensitive indicator of kidney disease does the nurse anticipate the patient will be tested for? creatinine clearance level serum potassium level blood urea nitrogen level uric acid level
Creatinine clearance level is the most sensitive indicator
How important is creatinine clearance?
The amount of endogenous creatinine removed from the blood in 1 minute is measured by the creatinine clearance. The rate of glomerular filtration is gauged by this. Consequently, the creatinine clearance test is a sensitive indicator of the development of renal disease.
The amount of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine per unit of time is known as creatinine clearance (CrCl). For determining renal function, it is a quick and economical approach. The comparison of the levels of creatinine in blood and urine can be used to calculate both CrCl and GFR. Rate of glomerular filtration.
Hence, the answer is creatinine clearance level.
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during suctioning, a client with an uncuffed tracheostomy tube begins to cough violently and dislodges the tracheostomy tube. which action should the nurse implement first?
The first action the nurse should implement first should be to Attempt to reinsert the tracheostomy tube. That is option B.
What is tracheostomy?Tracheostomy is a medical procedure that is being carried out by a professional medical personnel where by a hole is made in front of the wind pipe and a tube is passed through the hole to assist the patient to breathe.
It is the duty of the nurse to ensure that the tube is kept in the proper position.
Therefore, when there is a sign that the tube is not in place such as when the patient is on a distorted body position, the nurse should first attempt to reinsert the tube before calling the physician.
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Complete question:
During suctioning, a client with an uncuffed tracheostomy tube begins to cough violently and dislodges the tracheostomy tube. Which action should the nurse implement first?
A) Notify the healthcare provider for reinsertion.
B) Attempt to reinsert the tracheostomy tube.
C) Position the client in a lateral position with the neck extended.
D) Ventilate client's tracheostomy stoma with a manual bag-mask.
the nurse is caring for a pregnant client with severe preeclampsia. which nursing intervention should a nurse perform to institute and maintain seizure precautions in this client?
The nursing intervention that the nurse should perform to institute and maintain seizure precautions in this client is by keeping the suction equipment readily available.
What causes preeclampsia?
Pre-eclampsia is assumed to be brought on by issues with the placenta, which connects the baby's blood supply to the mother's. However, the precise origin of pre-eclampsia is unknown.
In addition to causing a stroke or other types of brain injuries, preeclampsia can harm the kidneys, liver, lungs, heart, eyes, or eyesight. Depending on how severe the preeclampsia is, other organs may sustain varying degrees of damage the cardiovascular system.
The risk is larger for women over 40. Having several pregnancies carrying multiple foetuses. In addition, non-white women are more likely than white women, among those who have already experienced preeclampsia, to experience the condition once more in a subsequent pregnancy.
Therefore, The nursing intervention that the nurse should perform to institute and maintain seizure precautions in this client is by keeping the suction equipment readily available.
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a nurse is becoming increasingly frustrated by the family members' efforts to participate in the care of a hospitalized client. what action should the nurse implement to cope with these feelings of frustration
A nurse is becoming increasingly frustrated by the family members' efforts to participate in the care of a hospitalized client. The action the nurse should take to cope with these feelings of frustration is to examine one's own culturally based values, beliefs, attitudes, and practices.
What is frustration?
Frustration is an emotional response to stress. It's a common feeling that everyone will witness in their life. Some people witness frustration in the short term — like a long delay at the grocery store but for others, the frustration can be long- term.The stressor can vary by individual, but some common stressors that lead to frustration are Stress at work, chasing a thing you can not reach, trying to break a problem and not changing a result.The description of frustration is feeling bothered or angry because of not being suitable to achieve a commodity.To know more about frustration, click the link given below:
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the client with myasthenia gravis becomes increasingly weak. the primary health care provider (phcp) prepares to identify whether the client is reacting to an overdose of the medication (cholinergic crisis) or increasing severity of the disease (myasthenic crisis). an injection of edrophonium is administered. which change in condition indicates that the client is in cholinergic crisis?
A temporary worsening of the condition
What is the effect of edrophonium injection?
A readily reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor is edrophonium. It works by competitively inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, primarily at the neuromuscular junction, to stop the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Tensilon and Enlon are the brand names used to market it.
An injection of edrophonium (Enlon) briefly worsens the client's cholinergic crisis. A negative test would be one like this. If someone has Myasthenia gravis, their weakness will improve.
Hence, the answer is, a temporary worsening of the condition.
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Kaitlin had a painful childhood filled with abuse. She has completely forgotten the most horrific incident. She may be diagnosed with
She may be diagnosed with dissociative amnesia.
What is meant by child abuse?
Child maltreatment, also known as child abuse, is the physical, sexual, and/or psychological neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver. Child abuse can be any action or inaction by a parent or caregiver that causes actual or potential harm to a child. It can take place in a child's home as well as in the institutions, educational settings, or social networks with which the child interacts.
Dissociative amnesia happens when a person blocks out specific events, frequently connected to stress or trauma, rendering them unable to recall crucial personal details. One of the conditions referred to as dissociative disorders is dissociative amnesia. Mental illnesses known as dissociative disorders occur when brain processes such as memory, consciousness or awareness, identity, and/or perception fail to work as they should.
Dissociative amnesia has been associated with severe stress, which can be brought on by traumatic experiences like war, abuse, accidents, or natural disasters. Both the traumatization and the witnessing of it were possible. Given that close relatives frequently have the propensity to develop amnesia, there may be a genetic (inherited) component to dissociative amnesia.
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the nurse is assisting in developing a plan of care for a client with a psychotic disorder who is experiencing altered thought processes. on review of the client's record, the nurse notes documentation that the client believes that the food is being poisoned. the nurse plans to use which communication technique when developing strategies that will promote adequate nutrition and encourage the client to discuss feelings?
The use of information and communicative technology (ICT) can be used for improving the health-promoting lifestyle behviour.
What are needed to improve health?
In addition to promoting recovery from sickness, it improves healthy lives, physical health, and functional capacities. Additionally, it provides significant social advantages for educational success, economic productivity, interpersonal and familial ties, social cohesiveness, and general quality of life for the entire community.
Ways to improve the health are:
Observe Your Weight and Measure It.Eat healthful meals and limit unhealthy foods.Consider taking multivitamin supplements.Limit sugary beverages, stay hydrated, and drink plenty of water.Regularly engage in physical activity.Reduce your screen and sitting time.Take Time to Sleep Well.Avoid alcohol and keep your mouth shut.Therefore, The use of information and communicative technology (ICT) can be used for improving the health-promoting lifestyle behviour.
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while assisting with the surgical removal of an adrenal tumor, the or nurse is aware that the client's vital signs may change upon manipulation of the tumor. what vital sign changes would the nurse expect to see?
The nurse would expect to see changes in heart rate and hypertension in the client when the adrenal tumor is manipulated.
What is an adrenal tumor?
On top of both kidneys are little, triangular glands known as adrenal glands. They release hormones that aid the body in coping with stress. The immune system, blood sugar, blood pressure, and other critical bodily processes are all controlled by hormones that are released by the adrenal glands.
A tumor on the adrenal glands can be benign or malignant. Adrenal tumors can sometimes produce too much hormone which can cause disbalance in the body's stress levels, blood pressure, and other vitals.
During surgical removal of the adrenal tumor, the manipulation of the adrenal tumor may release stored norepinephrine and epinephrine, resulting in significant increases in blood pressure and changes to heart rate. The most frequent changes are due to hypertension and changes in heart rate, although other vital sign abnormalities may happen as a result of surgical complications. Sodium nitroprusside and alpha-adrenergic blocking medications may be used before, during, and after surgery to combat this.
Hence, the nurse would expect to see changes in heart rate and hypertension in the client when the adrenal tumor is manipulated.
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When the client's adrenal tumor is affected, the nurse would anticipate seeing variations in heart rate and pressure.
What is an adrenal tumor?Adrenal glands are tiny, triangular glands that are located on top of both kidneys. They cause the production of hormones that help the body deal with stress. Hormones produced by the adrenal glands regulate a number of vital bodily functions, including the immune system, blood pressure, blood sugar, and other vital bodily processes.
Both benign and malignant tumors can develop on the adrenal glands. When an adrenal tumor produces too much hormone, it can throw the body's stress levels, blood pressure, and other critical signs out of balance.
The manipulation of the adrenal tumor during surgical removal of the tumor may release norepinephrine and epinephrine that has been retained, leading to substantial rises in blood pressure and modifications in heart rate. Hypertension and variations in heart rate are the most common causes of alterations.
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the nurse discusses the possibility of a client's attending day treatment for clients with early alzheimer's disease. what is the best rationale for encouraging day treatment?
The best rationale for encouraging day treatment for patients with early Alzheimer's disease is that "the client would benefit from increased social interaction". The correct answer to this question is 3.
The enhancement of social interactions is the best rationale for encouraging day treatment for the patient with Alzheimer's disease. Excellent staff, more daily structure, and allowing caregivers more time for themselves are all positive aspects; however, these factors are not as responsive to the client's needs.
Does social interaction aid in the treatment of Alzheimer's?Being socially engaged can help the brain stay healthy and may even help prevent the beginning of Alzheimer's. More over, social interaction is able to improve BDNF expression, which improves cognition in Alzheimer patients. The benefits of BDNF on brain processes are numerous. For instance, it improves neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive abilities.
This question should be provided with options to choose, which are:
The client would have more structure to his day.Staff are excellent in the treatment they offer clients.The client would benefit from increased social interaction.The family would have more time to engage in their daily activities.The correct answer is 3.
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the nurse is preparing a client for pacemaker surgery. the health care provider orders atropine to be given 30 minutes before the client is taken to the operating room. the nurse knows this medication is ordered for what reason?
This medication is ordered for preventing aspiration during surgery by drying up respiratory secretions.
What is a pacemaker?
An implantable pacemaker is a small electronic device that is often positioned in the chest, just below the collarbone, to assist control sluggish electrical issues with the heart. To prevent the heartbeat from falling to an unsafely low rate, a pacemaker may be advised.
Atropine is a tropane alkaloid that acts as an anticholinergic and is used to treat some types of poisoning from pesticides and nerve agents, as well as some types of slow heartbeat, and to lessen salivation during surgery. Usually, it is administered intravenously or by muscle injection. Salivary and mucus glands are inhibited by atropine's effects on the parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system may be used by the drug to prevent sweating as well. This can help with hyperhidrosis treatment and stop the death rattle in dying patients.
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a nurse prepares an educational program for women during antenatal care. an outcome of the teaching is to lower the risk of antisocial personality disorder (aspd) in the population who access the program. which is a priority teaching need?
An outcome of the teaching is to lower the risk of antisocial personality disorder in the population who access the program. Ensure attachment after birth is a priority teaching need.
What is antisocial personality disorder?
A mental health illness is known as antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). A lack of respect is displayed by those with ASPD toward others. They do not adhere to socially recognised standards or laws. People who have ASPD may breach the law or hurt those around them physically or emotionally. They could ignore the repercussions or decline to accept responsibility for their conduct.
One of the various personality disorders is antisocial personality disorder. Personality disorders have an impact on how someone thinks and acts.
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the nurse is caring for a client with myasthenia gravis. which symptoms displayed by the client would indicate to the nurse that the client may be experiencing myasthenia crisis?
The nurse is caring for a client with myasthenia gravis therefore the symptoms which is displayed by the client that would indicate to the nurse that the client may be experiencing myasthenia crisis is a sudden onset of severe weakness.
What is Myasthenia gravis?This is referred to as a neuromuscular disease which is caused by a breakdown in communication between nerves and muscles. Nurses on the other hand are healthcare professionals who specializes in the taking care of the sick and ensuring that adequate recovery is achieved.
Myasthenia gravis is characterized by the weakness in the skeletal muscles due to the antibodies destroying neuromuscular connections and in most cases surgery and therapy are used to treat this type of condition.
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a nurse on a pediatric unit is admitting a school-aged child with suspected reye syndrome. which information obtained during the history taking is most consistent with this condition?
Securing the airway, maintaining adequate oxygenation and ventilation, and providing circulatory support as needed.
A syndrome is a hard and fast of scientific signs and symptoms and signs which can be correlated with every other and often related to a specific ailment or disorder. The word derives from the Greek σύνδρομον, meaning concurrence. while a syndrome is paired with a precise motive this will become a disease.
A syndrome is a constellation of symptoms and signs that arise collectively and covary through the years. An ailment is also a collection of signs and symptoms and signs and symptoms, but it has known associated functions which are presumed to be associated.
Down syndrome can't be cured. Early remedy packages can help improve abilities. they'll consist of speech, physical, occupational, and/or instructional therapy. With help and remedy, many human beings with Down syndrome stay glad, effective lives.
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the nurse working in a community health clinic that serves recent somali immigrants notes that most mothers refuse to give permission for routine immunizations of their preschoolers. which individual is likely to have the most influence on these women's perceptions about their children's health care needs
Tribal chief is likely to have the most influence on these women's perceptions about their children's health care needs to protect from diseases.
The immunization of pregnant mothers and new-born children helps to prevent neonates from a number of diseases. When pregnant women receive the tetanus and diphtheria vaccines, immunity travels to the foetus through the placenta, providing vital defense against these curable infections at the newborn stage. Babies who receive vaccinations against measles, polio, whooping cough, hepatitis B, pneumonia, and TB are also shielded from these illnesses in infancy and throughout childhood (before they reach their first birthdays).However, some infants and young toddlers in Somalia do not receive any vaccinations. The continuous war is sometimes making it challenging to deliver immunizations in rural or regulated locations. In other cases, lack of knowledge about the hazards that the diseases bring or inaccurate information that has bred mistrust lead parents and other caregivers to opt against immunizing their children. These difficulties contribute to the rise in the proportion of youngsters without vaccinations. Communities are thus at risk of disease epidemics.To know more about immunizations check the below link:
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in assessing the quality of care given to patients with diabetes mellitus, the quality team collects data regarding blood sugar levels on admission and on discharge. these data are called a(n):
These data are called Indicator.
What is a diabetes?Diabetes is a long-term health condition that affects how your body converts food into energy.
The majority of the food you eat is converted into sugar (glucose) by your body and released into your bloodstream. When your blood sugar rises, your pancreas sends a signal to release insulin. Insulin functions as a key, allowing blood sugar to enter cells and be used as energy.
Diabetes occurs when your body does not produce enough insulin or does not use it as effectively as it should. Too much blood sugar remains in your bloodstream when there is insufficient insulin or when cells stop responding to insulin. This can lead to serious health issues such as heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease over time.
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the overall goal of dietary management for acute renal failure is provision of adequate energy, protein, and micronutrients to maintain homeostasis in patients who may be extremely catabolic. the preferred caloric intake would be:
The preferred caloric intake would be offer enough nutrients to limit the catabolic response. To achieve adequate nutrient intakes, enteral or parenteral feeding may be required.
What is acute renal failure?
A condition where the kidneys stop functioning and are unable to maintain the balance of bodily chemicals, eliminate waste and surplus water from the blood, or remove waste from the body. Acute or severe renal failure can be treated and cured if it develops rapidly (for instance, following an injury).
What is catabolic ?
All chemical or enzymatic processes that break down organic or inorganic components including proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, etc. are referred to as catabolism.
In order to speed up renal recovery within the constraints imposed by the limited renal capacity, offer enough nutrients to limit the catabolic response. To achieve adequate nutrient intakes, enteral or parenteral feeding may be required.
Therefore, the preferred caloric intake would be offer enough nutrients to limit the catabolic response. To achieve adequate nutrient intakes, enteral or parenteral feeding may be required.
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the emergency department nurse is caring for clients involved in a chlorine exposure accident at a local chemical plant. the nurse is aware that permanent damage can occur to which body systems?
Respiratory. The volume, mode, and duration of chemical exposure all affect the goods of exposure to chlorine and other respiratory poisons.
What about nurses?According to the Merriam- Webster dictionary, nurses are trained in promoting and maintaining health and should work autonomously or under the supervision of a croaker, surgeon, or dentist.From the time of birth to the top of life, nursers are present in every community, big and little.The maturity of long- term care in the country is handled by nurses, who also structure the largest single group of the sanitorium labor force.The four- time Bachelorette of Science in nursing( BSN) degree is the main route to professional nursing, as opposed to rehearsing at the technical position.Nursing includes furnishing independent and team- rested care to people of all ages, families, groups, and communities, whether or not they are ill or not and anyhow of the position.Health creation, complaint prevention, and therefore the care of the ill, disabled, and dying are all included in nursing.A RN is a good healthcare provider who offers direct case care in a variety of sanitorium and community settings.Learn more about nurses here:
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the nurse is planning a client care conference with the parents of a 3-year-old with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. what is the priority outcome for the caregivers?
For a 3-year-old child with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus, the priority outcome for the parents that the nurse should tell them is to know how to keep the blood sugar stable.
A client care conference is a conference that is held for clients that receive health care at home or in a care facility. The purpose is to share information with every person involved in the care team and work together to meet the client's needs.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a condition where the pancreas produces little to no insulin. If left untreated, it may evolve into a life-threatening condition. When caring for a person that's diagnosed by type 1 diabetes, the priority thing the caregivers must know is how to keep their blood sugar level stable.
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as a member of a disaster response team that is responding to a large industrial fire that may involve chemical exposure, a nurse is gathering information from several bystanders. which statement would lead the nurse to suspect that cyanide is involved?
The involvement of cyanide can be suspected as the air had a strange smell of bitter almonds.
How to identify the presence of cyanide?
It's common knowledge that cyanide smells like bitter almonds. Thus, the claim that the air had a strange odor would imply cyanide involvement. Skin stinging and burning would be brought on by vesicant exposure. Vomiting and gastrointestinal distress would raise the possibility of nerve gas exposure. Exposure to pulmonary agents would be associated with coughing and shortness of breath.
Hence, the answer is that the air had a strange smell of bitter almonds.
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true or false? children and adolescents can improve bone health with regular physical activity, especially if they focus on high impact activities such as running and repeated jumping.
It is a true statement that children can improve health through activities.
What is health improvement?We know that health and fitness is one of the most important aspect of human development. It is very vital that a child must be able to develop the fitness that he or she needs to be able to perform the physical activities
Children can become engaged in jumping and this would make them to be able to be strong and do anything that they want to do. This is exactly tye reason why they have to participate in certain activities such as repeated jumping so as to be able to improve bone health.
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during rounds, a nurse finds that a client with hemiplegia has fallen from the bed because the nursing assistant failed to raise the side rails after giving a back massage. the nurse assists the client to the bed and assesses for injury. as per agency policies, the nurse fills out an incident report. which activity should the nurse perform related to documentation?
The activity should the nurse perform related to documentation Include the time and date of the incident.
The nurse should include the date and time of the incident in the incident report the events leading up to it the client's response, and a full nursing assessment. To prevent legal issues the nurse should not attach a copy of the incident report to the client's records.
Also to prevent litigation the mistake should not be highlighted in the client's records. As the client report is a legal document it should not contain the name of the nursing assistant. Attend school board meetings and advocate classes to teach children seat belt safety. Notify the care director that they feel that pediatric nurses are unqualified and untrained for the job.
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a public health nurse has been asked to speak to the local pto about contact dermatitis. the nurse explains various causes of irritant contact dermatitis. it is important for the nurse to include what as a potential cause of this skin disorder to prevent repeated cases?
The nurse includes Soap or detergents as a potential cause of this skin disorder to prevent repeated cases.
Dermatitis is a broad term that refers to any type of skin irritation. It has numerous causes and manifestations, but the most common are itchy, dry skin and a rash. Alternatively, it may cause the skin to blister, ooze, crust, or flake off.
Irritating substances such as soaps and detergents, such as shampoo, washing-up liquid, and bubble bath, are common triggers. Environmental allergens include things like cold and dry weather, dampness, and more specific things like house dust mites, pet fur, pollen, and moulds.
Dermatitis is a type of skin inflammation that is characterized by itching, redness, and a rash. Small blisters may form in short-term cases, while the skin may thicken in long-term cases. The amount of skin involved can range from minor to total body coverage. Dermatitis is frequently confused with eczema, and the distinction between the two terms is not well defined.
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the client returns to the nursing unit following an open reduction with internal fixation of the right hip. nursing assessment findings include temperature 100.8 degrees fahrenheit, heart rate 112 beats per minute, respiratory rate 28 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 86/58. there is no urine in the foley catheter collection bag. the nurse interprets these findings as indicating which complication?
These results, according to the nurse, point to a hypovolemic shock consequence.
Hypovolemic shock: what is it?When there has been severe hemorrhage or other water loss, the heart cannot adequately pump blood to the body, leading to an emergency condition called volume depletion shock. This type of assault can cause several organs to stop working. As a consequence of fluid loss, refractory gastroenteritis and minor burns are two diseases that might culminate in hypovolemic shock.
Where does hypovolemic shock occur?The Postural position (TP) is used to treat hypotension or hypovolemic shock and is described as "a position in which head is low and also the body and feet are on an elevated or raised plane" [2].
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the community health nurse is preparing a presentation which will illustrate the various forms of spina bifida for a health fair. which explanation should the nurse use to explain spina bifida with meningocele?
Spina bifida is a form that includes meningocele. Spina bifida is a condition in which the baby's spine (backbone) does not develop normally during pregnancy. The spine of the newborn has a gap in the bones.
define spina bifida ?
When the spine and spinal cord don't develop properly, a birth abnormality known as spina bifida results. It's a particular kind of neural tube defect. In a growing embryo, the neural tube is the structure that will eventually give rise to the baby's brain, spinal cord, and the tissues that surround them.
The neural tube typically develops early in pregnancy and closes 28 days after conception. Spina bifida is a condition where a portion of the neural tube does not close or develop properly, leading to issues with the spinal cord and the spine's bones.
Depending on the type of defect, size, location, and complications, the severity of spina bifida can range from mild to severe. Early surgery is used to treat spina bifida when necessary.
Spina bifida is a form that includes meningocele. Spina bifida is a condition in which the baby's spine (backbone) does not develop normally during pregnancy. The spine of the newborn has a gap in the bones.
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a nurse administers an i.v. antihypertensive medication to a client with a blood pressure (bp) reading of 210/120 mm hg, a mean arterial pressure (map) of 150 mm hg, sudden vomiting, and severe headache. what is an appropriate outcome for treatment?
MAP 115 in 1 hour. When the blood pressure fleetly increases over 180/120 mm Hg, a hypertensive extremity ensues. Headache, nausea, puking, storms, disorientation, torpor, and coma are among the symptoms.
What about blood pressure?Most persons are considered to have normal blood pressure when their systolic and diastolic pressures are lower than 120 and 80 independently.A systolic blood pressure of 120 to 129 with a diastolic blood pressure of lower than 80 is considered to be elevated.Croakers generally concentrate on the top number, frequently known as systolic pressure, indeed though both values in a blood pressure reading are pivotal for detecting and managing high blood pressure.Grown-ups generally have a sleeping heart rate between 60 and 100 beats per nanosecond.A lower sleeping heart rate frequently indicates advanced cardiovascular fitness and further effective cardiac function.A well- trained athlete, for example, could have a typical sleeping heart rate that's near to 40 beats per nanosecond.A diurnal factor is blood pressure.Generally, a person's blood pressure begins to increase many hours before they awaken.It keeps rising throughout the day, reaching its peak at noon.Generally, in the late autumn and early evening, blood pressure declines.Generally, high blood pressure comes on gradually.Unhealthy life opinions, similar to not engaging in acceptable regular physical exertion, might contribute to it.Learn more about blood pressure here:
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a teacher is talking to the nurse about a child in her classroom who has a tic disorder. the teacher mentions that the boy frequently trips other children although no one has ever been hurt. the teacher then further states that she ignores him when that happens because it is part of his disorder. what should the nurse tell the teacher?
Tripping other children is not tic, so you can respond to that as you would in other children.
They're concept to be due to changes within the components of the brain that manage motion. They can run in households, and there may be probable to be a genetic cause in many cases. They also regularly manifest along different situations, which include: attention deficit hyperactivity sickness (ADHD)
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurological disease characterised by sudden, repetitive, rapid, and unwanted actions or vocal sounds referred to as tics.
TS is one in every of a collection of issues of the developing apprehensive device referred to as tic disorders. There's no treatment for TS, however treatments are to be had to help control some signs and symptoms.
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the obstetric's nurse notes minimal variability with a late deceleration on the electric fetal monitor of a client that is 38 weeks gestation. which action will the nurse take first?
The obstetric's nurse notes minimal variability with a late deceleration on the electric fetal monitor of a client that is 38 weeks gestation. Nurse will If the reading is less than 55%, move the catheter back into place, recheck the reading, and keep checking.
The catheter should be adjusted, if necessary. Fetal pulse oximetry's normal range is 30% to 70%. Maternal readings range from 75% to 85%. While you're in labor or at the doctor's office, your doctor may use an examination known as electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) to monitor the heartbeat of your unborn child. It provides you with continuing, real-time updates on your baby's health during labor and delivery. During gestation labor contractions, the blood vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to your baby are constricted. The oxygen levels of neonates are often adequate throughout delivery. The heart rate of your kid will change if the blood oxygen level drops, though. By monitoring your baby's heart rate, your healthcare professional can identify issues and safeguard your child. Fetal pain can occasionally be brought on by drops in oxygen levels. Research suggests that routine EFM increases the likelihood of unnecessary cesarean sections and vaginal or forceps deliveries. EFM is also not associated with improved baby Apgar scores or a decline in the likelihood of: brain injury, sluggish development, neurotoxic effects, Admissions to neonatal critical care units (NICUs).
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