A. The slope of the Cd curve in the US will be steeper compared to that of the UK
B. The difference in mortgage finance affects the slope of the AD curve
C. If the US and UK monetary authorities want to have AD curves with the same slope
Explain indetail about difference of Cd curve in US and UK?A. The slope of the Cd curve in the US will be steeper compared to that of the UK because fixed-rate mortgages in the US provide more interest rate risk to households.
When interest rates rise, disposable income decreases more in the US than in the UK because the mortgage payment in the US is fixed, whereas in the UK, the mortgage payment adjusts to reflect changes in interest rates.
B. The difference in mortgage finance affects the slope of the AD curve because the interest rate sensitivity of consumption is different in the two countries.
In the US, consumption is more sensitive to changes in interest rates because of the steeper Cd curve, which means that the AD curve is also more sensitive to changes in interest rates.
In contrast, in the UK, consumption is less sensitive to changes in interest rates because of the flatter Cd curve, which means that the AD curve is also less sensitive to changes in interest rates.
C. If the US and UK monetary authorities want to have AD curves with the same slope, they would have to set their MP curves such that the interest rate sensitivity of investment is the same in both countries.
If the interest rate sensitivity of investment is the same in both countries, then the slope of the AD curve will be the same in both countries, even if the slopes of the Cd curves are different.
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To determine living standards for the average person, we calculate a. the inflation rate. b. the unemployment rate.c. the average level of prices. d. real per capita gross domestic product (GDP). e. GDP deflator
To determine living standards for the average person, we need to consider factors like the real per capita gross domestic product (GDP). This is a measure of the total economic output of a country, divided by its population. Essentially, it represents the average amount of goods and services produced per person. Real per capita GDP takes into account inflation, making it a more accurate measure of the standard of living.
While the unemployment rate and average level of prices are also important economic indicators, they do not directly measure living standards. The inflation rate is a measure of how much prices are rising over time, and can impact the purchasing power of wages and savings. The unemployment rate reflects the percentage of people who are without work, which can also affect living standards, but indirectly.
The GDP deflator is another measure of inflation, but it focuses specifically on changes in the prices of goods and services produced within a country. While this can provide useful information about economic trends, it is not a direct measure of living standards.
Overall, real per capita GDP is the most reliable way to assess living standards. By looking at how much a country is producing per person, we can get a sense of how well off the average citizen is likely to be. However, it's important to remember that GDP alone doesn't capture everything that matters for quality of life, such as access to healthcare, education, and social support.
Living standards refer to the overall quality of life experienced by individuals within a country. One widely-used measure for assessing living standards is the real per capita GDP. The real per capita GDP represents the inflation-adjusted value of goods and services produced by an economy in a given period, divided by the total population.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. Calculate the Gross Domestic Product (GDP): GDP is the total value of goods and services produced within a country in a specific time period. It's a crucial indicator of the country's economic health.
2. Adjust GDP for inflation: Real GDP is GDP adjusted for inflation, making it a more accurate reflection of economic growth over time. To calculate real GDP, you can use the GDP deflator or another appropriate index to remove the effects of inflation.
3. Calculate per capita GDP: Divide the real GDP by the country's population to determine the per capita GDP. This calculation provides a more accurate representation of the average individual's share in the economy.
4. Analyze real per capita GDP: Higher real per capita GDP generally indicates better living standards, as it signifies that individuals, on average, have more resources and can afford a better quality of life.
In conclusion, real per capita GDP is an essential indicator for assessing living standards as it takes into account both economic growth and population size, providing a more accurate representation of the average person's well-being in a country.
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One of the assumptions underlying the production possibilities curve for any given economy is that: A. The state of technology B. Movement from outside the frontier to a point on the curveC. Movement from a point inside the frontier to a point on the curve.D.. A change in the slope of the curve
The assumption underlying the production possibilities curve for any given economy is that the state of technology is constant.
This means that the economy's ability to produce goods and services is limited by the resources available and the current level of technology. Any change in technology would shift the production possibilities curve outward, allowing the economy to produce more goods and services than before.
The production possibilities curve (PPC) is a graphical representation of the various combinations of two goods that an economy can produce given its resources and technology. The PPC assumes that the state of technology is constant, meaning that the economy is not able to produce more goods and services without a technological improvement. Any movement along the PPC represents a trade-off between producing more of one good and less of the other.
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In cases where the income increases and the income and substitution effects are equal then this has Select one: O a. no effect on hours of work and labour supply b. little effect on hours of work and labour supply Oc. a considerable but decreasing effect on hours of work O d. a considerable and increasing effect on hours of work
In cases where income increases and the income and substitution effects are equal, The correct answer is option b this has a little effect on hours of work and labor supply.
The equal impact of both effects cancels each other out, resulting in minimal changes to work hours and labor supply. If the income and substitution effects are equal, then there will be a considerable and increasing effect on hours of work and labor supply as income increases. This means that individuals will be willing to work more hours as they have more income, and the substitution effect, where individuals choose to work less as their income increases, will be offset by the income effect. Therefore, the increase in income will lead to a significant increase in labor supply.
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exchange gains and losses resulting from translating (not remeasuring) foreign currency financial statements into u.s. dollars should be included as a(an) group of answer choices a component of other comprehensive income. extraordinary item in the income statement for the period in which the rate changes. ordinary gain/loss item in the income statement. component of operating income.
Exchange gains and losses resulting from translating foreign currency financial statements into U.S. dollars should be included as a component of other comprehensive income.
Exchange gains and losses resulting from translating (not remeasuring) foreign currency financial statements into U.S. dollars should be included as a component of other comprehensive income. These gains and losses are not considered ordinary gains/losses as they are not related to the normal operations of the company. They are also not considered extraordinary items as they do not meet the criteria for being considered unusual and infrequent. Therefore, they should not be included as a component of operating income or in the income statement for the period in which the rate changes. Instead, they should be reported in the comprehensive income statement, which is a separate financial statement that includes all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.
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Monetary policy has the largest impact on desired aggregate expenditure when the investment demand curve is and the money demand function is O a. Steep; flat O b. Flat; steep. OC. Steep; steep. O d. N
Monetary policy has the largest impact on desired aggregate expenditure when the investment demand curve is and the money demand function is O steep. The correct answer is option D.
When the investment demand curve is steep and the money demand function is steep. When the investment demand curve is steep, changes in interest rates have a greater impact on investment spending, making monetary policy more effective in stimulating or slowing down aggregate expenditure.
When the money demand function is steep, changes in interest rates have a large impact on the demand for money, which in turn affects the level of aggregate expenditure.
This means that the central bank can use monetary policy to influence interest rates and, as a result, affect investment and consumption spending, which are major components of aggregate expenditure.
Thus, a steep investment demand curve and a steep money demand function provide the most effective combination for monetary policy to have the largest impact on desired aggregate expenditure.
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Mike looked for work for six months and ended up finding a part-time job and hoping to find a full-time job. For purposes of employment, he is considered:
Mike is considered to be underemployed.
This is because he is working part-time but desires and is actively seeking full-time employment.
Underemployment refers to a situation in which a person is employed, but not to the full extent of their skills, education, or desires.
It is often associated with lower job satisfaction, lower pay, and reduced opportunities for advancement.
In Mike's case, he may continue to search for full-time employment while working part-time in the meantime.
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8. An executive declares that his company has achieved an OEE of 115%. Is this possible?- Yes- No- Sometimes
No, it is not possible for a company to achieve an OEE of 115%. OEE, or Overall Equipment Effectiveness, is a measure of manufacturing efficiency that ranges from 0% to 100%.
An executive claiming an OEE- Overall Equipment Effectiveness above 100% is incorrect, as the maximum achievable value is 100%. It is calculated by multiplying three factors: availability, performance, and quality. A score of 100% means that the manufacturing process is running at maximum efficiency with no downtime, no speed losses, and no quality defects. A score above 100% is not mathematically possible, and it indicates that the calculation is flawed or incomplete. Therefore, the executive's claim is not accurate.
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Solve otQ1.6 A 30 m high vertical column of a fluid of density 1878 kg/m exists in a place where g= 9.65 m/s. What is the pressure at the base of the column. ( ALP)
The pressure at the base of the column is 5,181,390 Pa, which is equivalent to 51.81 atm or 772.5 psi.
To calculate the pressure at the base of a 30m high vertical column of fluid, we need to use the formula P = ρgh, where P is the pressure, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity and h is the height of the column.
Given that the density of the fluid is 1878 kg/m³, and the acceleration due to gravity is 9.65 m/s², we can plug these values into the formula:
P = ρgh
P = 1878 kg/m³ x 9.65 m/s² x 30 m
P = 5,181,390 Pa
Therefore, the pressure at the base of the column is 5,181,390 Pa, which is equivalent to 51.81 atm or 772.5 psi. It's important to note that the pressure at the base of the column is solely dependent on the height and density of the fluid, and the acceleration due to gravity. The shape and size of the column do not affect the pressure at the base.
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Find the present value of the given cash flow per quarter with 10% interest per year. 20K 20K 15K 15K 10K 10K 10K 10K 15K 15K 0 1 2 3 4 4 5 ол 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 8 PV
The present value of the given cash flow with 10% interest per year is approximately $129,947.
Present value is the current value of future cash flows, discounted at a specific interest rate. In this case, we have a series of cash flows occurring quarterly, and we want to find their present value using an annual interest rate of 10%.
To calculate the present value, we can use a financial calculator or spreadsheet function, such as the PV function in Microsoft Excel. Alternatively, we can use the present value formula, which is:
PV = [tex]CF1 / (1+r)^1 + CF2 / (1+r)^2 + ... + CFn / (1+r)^n[/tex]
where PV is the present value, CF is the cash flow for each period, r is the interest rate per period, and n is the total number of periods.
In this case, we have 13 cash flows, occurring quarterly, so n=13*4=52. The interest rate per period is 10%/4=2.5%. Using the present value formula, we can calculate the present value as:
PV = [tex]20,000/(1+0.025)^1 + 20,000/(1+0.025)^2 + 15,000/(1+0.025)^3 + 15,000/(1+0.025)^4 + 10,000/(1+0.025)^5 + 10,000/(1+0.025)^6 +[/tex] [tex]10,000/(1+0.025)^7 + 10,000/(1+0.025)^8 + 15,000/(1+0.025)^9 + 15,000/(1+0.025)^10 + 0/(1+0.025)^11 + 0/(1+0.025)^12 + 0/(1+0.025)^13[/tex]
Solving for PV, we get approximately $129,947.
Note that the present value formula assumes that the cash flows are evenly spaced, which is not exactly true in this case (the final cash flow occurs halfway through the quarter). However, the difference is likely to be small and should not significantly affect the present value calculation.
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Menu costs help explain a. sticky-wage theory b. sticky-price theory c. natural rate of unemployment d. misperceptions theory
Menu costs are associated with the sticky-price theory.The correct option is b. sticky-price theory.
The sticky-price theory explains that prices of goods and services do not adjust immediately in response to changes in demand or supply. One reason for this slow adjustment is menu costs. Menu costs refer to the expenses associated with changing the listed prices of items, such as printing new menus, updating price tags, or reprogramming software.
In the context of the sticky-price theory, menu costs make it costly for businesses to change their prices frequently. As a result, businesses may be hesitant to change their prices even when market conditions change, leading to a temporary imbalance between supply and demand. This imbalance can cause short-term fluctuations in economic output and employment. Menu costs are associated with the sticky-price theory. Sticky-price theory explains that prices don't adjust immediately due to factors like menu costs.Menu costs make it expensive for businesses to change their prices, causing a temporary imbalance between supply and demand.The correct option is b. sticky-price theory.
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In a certain level of output, greater fiscal deficit will NOT bepaired with:a. A lower current account, by higher aggregate private savings,and by higher investmentb. A higher current account, by lower aggregate private savings and by higher investment
c. A lower current account, by higher private investments, and by a higher investment
d. By a higher current account, by lower aggregate private savings and by a lower investment
e. c and d
In a certain level of output, a greater fiscal deficit will not be paired with option B - a higher current account, by lower aggregate private savings and by higher investment.
This is because a fiscal deficit occurs when the government spends more than it earns in revenue, which can lead to an increase in the money supply and an increase in aggregate demand. In turn, this can lead to higher investment levels, as businesses may see an opportunity to expand and make higher profits in this environment. Additionally, higher government spending can lead to more job creation and increased consumer spending, which can further stimulate economic growth.
However, a higher fiscal deficit may not lead to a higher current account, as this measures the balance of trade between a country and its trading partners. A higher fiscal deficit can lead to an increase in imports, as the government may need to import goods and services to support its spending. This can cause a trade deficit, which would lower the current account balance.
Higher aggregate private savings could also result from a fiscal deficit, as consumers may be more cautious about spending in an uncertain economic environment. This could lead to a lower current account balance, as there is less consumer spending to drive demand for imported goods.
Overall, while a greater fiscal deficit may lead to some positive economic outcomes, it may not necessarily lead to a higher current account balance. Thus option B is correct.
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you decide to purchase sap but modify it to handle your specific business processes. this is an example of the ________ approach to erp implementation.
The approach described in the question is an example of the "customize" approach to ERP implementation. This approach involves modifying the software to suit the specific needs of a business.
While it can be more time-consuming and expensive than other approaches, such as the "out-of-the-box" approach where the software is implemented as is, it can provide greater flexibility and better alignment with the unique requirements of the organization.
In this case, the business has decided to purchase SAP, but has opted to modify it to handle their specific business processes.
This could involve configuring the software to reflect the specific workflows, data structures, and reporting requirements of the organization.
The customization could be done using the software's built-in tools, or by engaging external consultants or developers to create bespoke modifications.
The customize approach can have significant benefits, including the ability to tailor the software to fit the exact needs of the organization.
However, it can also be more complex and costly, and requires careful planning and management to ensure that the software remains stable and maintainable over time.
It is important for businesses considering the customize approach to carefully evaluate the costs and benefits, and to work closely with experienced consultants and developers to ensure a successful implementation.
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Question 36 Savings, Investment, and Deficits Suppose a country has a closed economy, and at first it has the following macroeconomic data: Real GDP = $800 per year Consumption = $560 per year Tax revenue = $80 per year Government spending = $120 per year Based on the information above and your previous answers, what would this country's investment spending be equal to? Enter your answer in the space below. (If your answer is negative, be sure to include the minus sign in the answer you enter.)
To calculate investment spending, we can use the formula: Investment = GDP - Consumption - Government spending. Plugging in the given values, we get: Investment = $800 - $560 - $120 = $120 per year.
In a closed economy, the equation for GDP is: GDP = Consumption + Investment + Government Spending. Using the given data:
Real GDP = $800 per year
Consumption = $560 per year
Tax revenue = $80 per year (irrelevant for this calculation)
Government spending = $120 per year
To find the investment spending, rearrange the equation:
Investment = GDP - Consumption - Government Spending
Substitute the values:
Investment = $800 - $560 - $120
Investment = $240 per year
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As used in this Code the word "?" is mandatory and the word "?" is permissive, unless otherwise apparent from the context.
As used in this Code the word "shall" is mandatory and the word "may" is permissive, unless otherwise apparent from the context.
The elements of an event, whether fictitious or real, that elicit strong emotions in people and groups are known as context. People can make educated decisions because they have the necessary background knowledge. A person's perspective on a topic is typically formed in reaction to the context that is made available.
Everything around the characters and storyline in a story helps to give both of them a particular viewpoint. Without background knowledge and elements, no story would exist. Context is all around us, whether we realize it or not. It is the underlying approach by which we learn to comprehend concepts, events, and people. Everything we do, say, see, or hear is a reaction to the world's external stimuli.
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1. A company purchase a piece of manufacturing equipment for rental purposes. The expected annual income is $7,100. Its useful life is 4 years. Expenses are estimated to be $1,600 annually. If the purchase price is $20,000 and the salvage value is $2,000. What is the present worth of this investment alternative?
a. PW = $3,935
b. PW = $2,835
c. PW = $2,935
d. PW = $1,835
The present worth of the investment alternative is -$21,605.61, which indicates a net loss. None of the given options is the correct answer.
To calculate the present worth of the investment alternative, we can use the present worth formula:
PW = -C0 + (A/P, i, n) - E(A/P, i, n)
where:
C0 is the initial investment
A is the annual income
E is the annual expenses
i is the interest rate
n is the useful life of the investment
Plugging in the given values, we get:
PW = -$20,000 + ($7,100/P, i, 4) - $1,600(A/P, i, 4)
To solve for i, we can use a financial calculator or an Excel spreadsheet with the RATE function. The solution is i = 11.46%.
Plugging in the value of i, we get:
PW = -$20,000 + ($7,100/3.465) - $1,600(2.283)PW = -$20,000 + $2,047.19 - $3,652.80
PW = -$21,605.61
Since the present worth is negative, this investment alternative is not a good choice. It would result in a net loss of $21,605.61.
Therefore, none of the given options is the correct answer.
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Please list some shortcomings of GDP data
Some of the short-comings of the GDP are that , it do not account for non-market activities, do not capture distribution of income, do not consider environmental degradation and not reflect changes in quality of goods.
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is defined as a monetary-measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific period of time, usually a year.
While Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a widely used measure of economic activity, it has some important shortcomings and limitations. Here are some of the main shortcomings of GDP data:
(i) It does not account for non-market activities: GDP only measures economic activity that takes place in markets where goods and services are exchanged for money. This means that non-market activities such as household work, volunteer work, and black market transactions are not included in GDP data.
(ii) It does not capture the distribution of income: GDP measures the total value of goods and services produced in an economy, but it does not show how that income is distributed across the population.
(iii) It does not account for "environmental-degradation": GDP does not take into account the depletion of natural resources or the negative impact of economic activity on the environment, such as pollution.
(iv) It does not reflect changes in the quality of goods and services: GDP only measures the total value of goods and services produced, without considering changes in their quality.
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The purpose of this assignment is to understand the importance of listening in all life situations and to learn about different techniques to improve your listening skills. Go to the following link: TED Talks: Julian Treasure. Watch the speeches titled "Shh: Sound Health in 8 Steps," "5 Ways to Listen Better," and "How to Speak so that people want to listen." After watching all 3 videos write a 2 page essay in a Word Document that summarizes the speeches and gives your thoughts about them. Include specific examples from each video and what you learned.
In the first TED Talk, "Shh: Sound Health in 8 Steps," Julian Treasure talks about how sound affects our health and well-being. He emphasizes that the quality of the sounds we hear can impact our mood, productivity, and even our physical health.
Treasure suggests eight steps for better sound health, including reducing exposure to loud noises, listening to pleasant sounds, and creating spaces with good acoustics.
In the second TED Talk, "5 Ways to Listen Better," Treasure discusses different techniques for improving our listening skills. He starts by emphasizing the importance of silence and how we can use it to focus on the sounds around us. He also suggests paying attention to the nuances in speech, such as tone and rhythm, and avoiding distractions that can interrupt our focus. Treasure encourages us to listen with curiosity and empathy, recognizing that listening is a key component of effective communication.
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hanges in taxes are generally preferred to government spending a. when the debt is a concern. b because a decrease in taxes helps everyone. c because a tax decrease is easier to pass congress. d all of the above.
When the debt is a concern. Changes in taxes are generally preferred to government spending when the debt is a concern, as reducing government spending may be difficult and unpopular. The correct option is A.
Cutting taxes, on the other hand, is often seen as a more politically viable solution to stimulate economic growth, create jobs, and increase consumer spending. Lower taxes can also lead to increased investment and entrepreneurship, which can further stimulate economic growth and job creation.
In addition to addressing concerns over government debt, a decrease in taxes can help everyone by putting more money in the pockets of individuals and businesses, which can lead to increased spending and economic activity. This, in turn, can lead to increased tax revenues for the government, which can be used to address other concerns.
Finally, a tax decrease may be easier to pass through Congress than a reduction in government spending, as it may be seen as less controversial and more politically popular.
However, it is important to note that any changes in taxes or government spending must be carefully considered and balanced to ensure that they are sustainable, equitable, and effective in achieving their intended goals. The correct option is A.
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All licensees and applicants for licenses issued by the CDI Producer Licensing Bureau are required to report any administrative actions or criminal convictions to CDI within (?) days of the final disposition of the matter.
It is a legal requirement for all license holders and applicants to notify the California Department of Insurance (CDI) Producer Licencing Bureau of any administrative actions or criminal convictions within 30 days of the case's conclusion.
This requirement is based on California Insurance Code section 1669. Licensees and applicants are required to report any convictions, regardless of whether the offense is related to insurance, and any administrative actions taken by any regulatory agency, including but not limited to CDI, the Department of Motor Vehicles, or the Department of Justice.
The purpose of this reporting requirement is to ensure that CDI is aware of any potential misconduct by licensees and applicants and to allow CDI to take appropriate action to protect consumers. Failure to report any administrative actions or criminal convictions within the required time frame may result in disciplinary action against the licensee, including but not limited to license suspension or revocation.
Therefore, it is essential that licensees and applicants comply with this reporting requirement to maintain their licenses and avoid any potential disciplinary actions.
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which firm has economies of scale and then diseconomies of scale as output increases from 1 to 7? a. firm 1 b. firm 2 c. firm 3 d. firm 4
Without specific information about each firm's costs and outputs, it is impossible to determine which firm experiences economies of scale and then diseconomies of scale as output increases from 1 to 7.
Economies of scale occur when a firm's average costs decrease as output increases, while diseconomies of scale happen when average costs increase as output rises. To determine which firm experiences both, we would need information about their cost structures and how they change with different levels of output.
In order to provide a definitive answer, it is crucial to have details about each firm's cost structures, production functions, and how these factors are affected by increasing output levels. Once we have this data, we can identify the firm that exhibits economies of scale at lower output levels and then transitions to diseconomies of scale as output increases from 1 to 7.
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40. An auditor is performing an analytical procedure that involves comparing a client's ratios with other companies in the same industry. This technique is referred to as: A. Vertical analysis. B. Horizontal analysis. C. Cross-sectional analysis. D. Comparison analysis.
The analytical procedure that involves comparing a client's ratios with other companies in the same industry is referred to as "cross-sectional analysis". Option c is answer.
Cross-sectional analysis is a technique used by auditors to compare the financial data of a client with the data of other companies in the same industry. This enables the auditor to identify areas where the client may be underperforming or overperforming compared to its peers. By comparing key financial ratios such as profitability, liquidity, and solvency ratios, the auditor can assess the client's financial health and identify potential risks or areas for improvement.
Option c is answer.
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The single most conspicuous effort to promote MNC social responsibility and to harness FDI for economic development is the: A. social contract.
B. Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
C. Global Compact.
D. transnationality index.
The Global Compact is the most well-known and well-recognized effort to encourage social responsibility in multinational corporations (MNCs) and use FDI for economic development. Here option C is the correct answer.
Launched by the United Nations in 2000, the Global Compact is a voluntary initiative that encourages businesses to adopt sustainable and socially responsible policies and practices.
The Global Compact is built on ten principles that cover areas such as human rights, labor standards, environmental protection, and anti-corruption. Companies that participate in the initiative commit to implementing these principles within their operations and supply chains and to reporting on their progress annually. The Global Compact also provides guidance and support to companies on how to implement sustainable and socially responsible practices.
The initiative has been widely adopted by MNCs and other businesses around the world and has helped to raise awareness about the importance of corporate social responsibility. The Global Compact has also facilitated collaboration between businesses, civil society organizations, and governments to address social and environmental challenges and promote sustainable development.
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How long do business cycles last?a. two consecutive quartersb. varying lengths of timec. two full yearsd. at least 10 years
Business cycles can vary in length and do not have a fixed duration.
Business cycles refer to the fluctuations in economic activity that occur over time, including periods of economic expansion (when real GDP is growing) and periods of economic contraction (when real GDP is declining). While business cycles can be influenced by a variety of factors, including changes in consumer spending, business investment, and government policies, they are not tied to a fixed timeline.
Business cycles can last anywhere from a few months to several years, depending on a range of economic and political factors. The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is responsible for identifying the beginning and end of business cycles in the United States, and their duration can vary widely. For example, the most recent recession, which began in December 2007, lasted for 18 months, while the previous two recessions lasted for only 8 months and 10 months, respectively.
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Suppose the government increased spending 15,000,000, that there is no crowding out, and that marginal propensity to consume is 0.75. What is the change in GDP that results from this increase in government spending? (Use a positive number if GDP goes up and a negative number if GDP goes down)
The change in GDP resulted from the 15,000,000 increase in government spending, with no crowding out and a marginal propensity to consume of 0.75, which is an increase of 60,000,000.
The change in GDP resulting from an increase in government spending can be calculated using the government spending multiplier formula, which is:
Multiplier = 1 / (1 - a marginal propensity to consume)
In this case, the marginal propensity to consume is 0.75. Plugging this value into the formula, we get:
Multiplier = 1 / (1 - 0.75) = 1 / 0.25 = 4
Now, we can calculate the change in GDP by multiplying the government spending increase (15,000,000) by the multiplier (4):
Change in GDP = Government Spending Increase × Multiplier
Change in GDP = 15,000,000 × 4 = 60,000,000
Therefore, the change in GDP resulting from the 15,000,000 increase in government spending, with no crowding out and a marginal propensity to consume of 0.75, is an increase of 60,000,000.
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Institutional deficiencies _____________keep social movements from being successfulkeep social movements from formingoften spark social movements and protest politicsoften
Institutional deficiencies often spark social movements and protest politics, as they can highlight the need for change and encourage people to take action for a better society.
These deficiencies can sometimes keep social movements from being successful or even forming, but they frequently serve as a catalyst for collective action. Institutional deficiencies refer to weaknesses or inadequacies in the formal structures, policies, or procedures of political, economic, or social institutions. Such deficiencies can create problems that are not easily resolved through existing channels of communication, representation, or decision-making, which can lead to frustration, anger, and discontent among members of society. When institutional deficiencies are severe and widespread, they can serve as a catalyst for social movements and protest politics.
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List and Discuss the 2 ways of the brutal murder (lynching) ofEmmett Till influenced the Civil Rights Movement.
1. It raised national awareness about racial violence in the South. 2. Till's murder motivated key activists, like Rosa Parks, to take a stand against racial injustice.
The brutal murder of Emmett Till, a 14-year-old African American boy, in 1955 greatly influenced the Civil Rights Movement in two significant ways. First, The open-casket funeral, displaying Till's disfigured body, and the publication of graphic images in media outlets like Jet magazine, exposed the horrors of lynching and racism to a wider audience.
This heightened awareness fueled public outrage and galvanized support for civil rights initiatives across the nation.
Secondly, Parks later revealed that Emmett Till's case was on her mind when she refused to give up her bus seat to a white passenger in Montgomery, Alabama, leading to the Montgomery Bus Boycott and eventually the desegregation of public transportation.
The events that followed Till's tragic death contributed to the momentum of the Civil Rights Movement, making it a turning point in American history.
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The value added approach is the most intuitive way to thinkabout GDP and we can obtain GDP by substracting imports from finaloutputs.True False
The answer is false. The most logical way to conceive about GDP is in terms of its value contributed, and we may calculate it by deducting imports from final outputs.
The most popular approach for determining a nation's GDP is the spending method. With this approach, net exports, government spending, investment, and consumer spending are totaled. In the long term, aggregate demand is equal to the GDP expenditure equation. The income technique is another way to compute GDP.
The production, or value added, approach entails estimating the output of an industry or sector and deducting its intermediate consumption (the commodities and services utilised to make the output) in order to determine its value added.
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According to the quantity equation, whenever the supply of money is growing at a positive rate, if real income is constant, then the price level:A. is growing at the same rate as the growth of the supply of money.B. is decreasing.C. is constant.D. grows at a lower rate than the growth of the supply of money.
According to the quantity equation, the answer option A. When the supply of money is growing at a positive rate and real income is constant.
The price level will also grow at the same rate as the growth of the supply of money. This is because the quantity equation states that MV=PY, where M is the money supply, V is the velocity of money, P is the price level, and Y is real income. Holding V and Y constant, an increase in M will lead to an increase in P. Therefore, the answer is A. This is based on the quantity equation: MV = PY, where M is the money supply, V is the velocity of money, P is the price level, and Y is the real income. If the money supply (M) is growing at a positive rate and real income (Y) is constant, then the price level (P) must grow at the same rate as the growth of the money supply to maintain the equation's balance.
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what are the broad reasons for a government to intervene in the economy and change the allocation of resources that people would choose on their own?
Government intervention can be justified to correct market failures and promote economic efficiency, equity, and stability.
Governments intervene in the economy for various reasons, and one of the most important is to correct market failures that can result in suboptimal outcomes. These failures can arise due to externalities, public goods, natural monopolies, and information asymmetry.
For example, externalities occur when the actions of one party affect the welfare of others, leading to either positive or negative externalities. In such cases, the government may intervene by imposing taxes or subsidies to align private and social costs and benefits.
Similarly, the government may provide public goods, such as national defense or healthcare, which may not be efficiently provided by the private sector due to their non-excludability and non-rivalry properties.
Moreover, in the case of natural monopolies, where a single firm can produce goods or services at lower costs than multiple firms, the government may regulate or even own these industries to prevent the exploitation of consumers.
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Now suppose that instead of a front-end load, the fund assesses a 12b-1 fee of 0.8% per year (note: in addition to the 12b-1 fees, the fund still charges an annual expense fee of 0.5%). What annual rate of return must the fund portfolio earn for you to be better off in the fund than in the CD?
The fund portfolio must earn an annual rate of return of at least 3.3% for you to be better off in the fund than in the CD.
To determine the annual rate of return the fund portfolio must earn for you to be better off in the fund than in the CD, we need to consider the impact of the 12b-1 fee and the annual expense fee on the fund's performance.
First, we need to calculate the total fees that you would pay to invest in the fund. Assuming you invest $10,000, the 12b-1 fee would be 0.8% of $10,000, or $80 per year, and the annual expense fee would be 0.5% of $10,000, or $50 per year. Therefore, the total fees you would pay to invest in the fund would be $130 per year.
Next, we need to compare the performance of the fund and the CD. Let's assume that the CD offers an annual interest rate of 2%. To be better off in the fund than in the CD, the fund portfolio must earn an annual rate of return that exceeds the CD's interest rate plus the fees you would pay to invest in the fund.
So, the minimum annual rate of return the fund portfolio must earn can be calculated as follows:
Minimum annual rate of return = CD interest rate + total fees you would pay to invest in the fund
Minimum annual rate of return = 2% + 1.3% (0.8% 12b-1 fee + 0.5% annual expense fee)
Minimum annual rate of return = 3.3%
Therefore, the fund portfolio must earn an annual rate of return of at least 3.3% for you to be better off in the fund than in the CD.
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