You are trying to determine information about the structure of a protein that you have purified. You carry out a series of experiments on this protein. The results are listed below.

1. Size exclusion (aka gel filtration) chromatography of the protein indicates an apparent molecular weight of 240,000 kDa.
2. SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the protein carried out WITHOUT the addition of a disulfide-bond reducing agent shows the protein as having an apparent molecular weight of 60,000 kDa.
3. After treatment with performic acid, which cleaves disulfide bonds, the same technique (SDS PAGE) reveals two bands of molecular weights 34,000 kDa and 26,000 kDa.
4. N-terminus identification shows Ala and Leu as amino terminal residues, in equal amounts.

Describe what you can determine about the protein's structure from the above information by answering the questions below.

a. Molecular weight of the native functional protein.
b. Does the protein contain any disulfide bonds? If yes, can you estimate how many ?
c. Can you determine anything about any secondary structure of the protein? If yes, what?
d. Does the protein have quaternary structure? If yes, how many subunits, of what size?

Answer:

addresses a gap in knowledge

Explanation:

Every scientific experiment begins with an observation or a question. This question is called a scientific question. A scientific question is a question that helps the scientist or experimenter get to the root of an investigation, like a head start. One important character a scientific question is that it must be able to be tested via experimentation.

In this question, the phrase that best describes a good scientific question is that it should ADDRESS A GAP IN KNOWLEDGE. This means that it should aim at filling a void or contribute to knowledge.

Answer:

The question relies on moral or social values. (d)

Explanation:

Edge 2020 the other guy is wrong

Answer:

This is because humans are causing species to go extinct at a faster rate than the normal rate.

Explanation:

It is documented that there are at least 2 million species on earth, and species have been naturally evolving and going extinct for billions of years. Some may say even if nothing is done there would still be extinction of this species which is true.

We care if human activity is driving other species extinct as we grow because humans are causing species to go extinct at a faster rate than the normal rate.

d. it contains most of the cells DNA

The folowing  about the plasma membrane is not true is that  It contains most of a cell's DNA. Correct Option is 4.

The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, does not contain most of a cell's DNA. The DNA of a cell is primarily found within the nucleus in eukaryotic cells, or in the nucleoid region in prokaryotic cells. The plasma membrane, on the other hand, forms the outer boundary of the cell and separates the internal contents (cytoplasm) from the external environment.

It plays a role in protecting the cell, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell, and facilitating communication with neighboring cells. The plasma membrane is primarily composed of lipid molecules (option a) arranged in a phospholipid bilayer, along with various proteins (option c) that have diverse functions in cell signaling, transport, and structural support.

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Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

Let the disorder be represented by the allele a.

Since the disease is an autosomal recessive one, affected individuals will have the genotype aa and normal individuals will have the genotype Aa or AA.

Since the four adults are carriers, their genotypes would be Aa.

                    Aa     x     Aa

Progeny:    AA    2Aa    aa

Probability of being affected = 1/4

Probability of being a carrier = 1/2

Probability of not being affected = 3/4

(a) The chance that the child second child of Mary and Frank will have alkaptonuria = 1/2

(b) The chance that  the third child of Sara and James will be free of the condition = 3/4

(c)

(d) If someone has no family history of the disorder, their genotype would be AA.

                 AA     x     aa

                        4 Aa

The chance that a child with alkaptonuria will have an offspring with alkaptonuria if the child's mate has no family history = 0

(e)

(f) The chance that a child with alkaptonuria will have an offspring with alkaptonuria if the child's mate has no family history = 0

Assuming a single diallelic gene that express complete dominance is coding for the condition, A) 1/4 = 25% / B) 3/4 = 75% / C) 100% or 50% depending on the mates genotype.

---------------------------

Available data:

We will assume that the gene coding for this trait is diallelic, and that expresses complete dominance, following the Mendelian inheritance pattern. So, let us say that

                   Genotype                           Phenotype                                    

                       AA                                     Normal

                       Aa                                      Normal carrier

                       aa                                      Alkaptonuria                              

Since Sara and James had an affected child, we can assume they are both heter0zyg0us for the trait. The child inherited one recessive allele from Sara and one recessive allele from James.

We know that Frank has no family history of the condition. However, the allele could be present in his family, hidden by dominant alleles in heter0zyg0us state.

And because Mary and Frank also had an affected child, we can also assume they are heter0zyg0us for the trait, providing each one recessive allele to the baby.

So both crosses would be the same, between two heter0zyg0us individuals.

So let us analyze the crosses and the probabilities of getting affected and healthy children.

Cross)    Mother    x      Father

Parentals)    Aa      x        Aa

Gametes)    A     a         A      a

Punnett square)      A              a

                  A         AA            Aa

                   a         Aa             aa

F1)  Genotypes

      Phenotypes

a. What is the probability that the second child of Mary and Frank will have alkaptonuria?

The probabilities of having an affected child is always 1/4 = 25%.

This means that every time they are having a baby, the chances for that child to express the condition is 25%.

The genotype is this child will be aa.

                                                       ****

b. What is the chance that the third child of Sara and James will be free of the condition?

The probabilities of having a normal child is always 3/4 = 75%.

This means that every time they are having a baby, the chances for that child to express the normal phenotype is 75%.

This child could be either AA or Aa.

                                                       ****

The couples are worried that one of their grandchildren will inherit alkaptonuria.

d. What is the chance that a child with alkaptonuria will have an offspring with alkaptonuria if the child's mate has no family history?

There are two options.

The genotype of the affected child is aa.

If this person's mate is h0m0zyg0us dominant, AA, the probabilities of having an affected child is 0%.

Cross:  affected child   x   h0m0zyg0us dominant unaffected mate

Parentals)   aa   x   AA

F2) 100% Aa ⇒ 100% healthy children and carriers

The genotype of the affected child is aa.

If this person's mate is heter0zyg0us Aa, the probabilities of having an affected child is 50%.

Cross:  affected child   x   heter0zyg0us unaffected mate

Parentals)   aa   x   Aa

F2)  50% Aa ⇒ healthy children and carryiers

       50% aa ⇒ affected children

So, the chance that a child with alkaptonuria will have an offspring with alkaptonuria if the child's mate is normal, depends on the mates genotype,

--------------------------------

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Answer:

macro molecules

Explanation:

Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are all macromolecules.

Answer:

Macromolecules

Explanation:

Answer:

c. transported groundwater from a distance

Explanation:

Etioliation means that you water plants that are planted in an area with little to no sunlight. This results in weak stems, smaller leaves, yellow color, etc. The seedlings that are grown in the dark are known as "skotomorphogenesis." Etiolation comes from something called "Auxin's" and Auxin's are moved from the top of the plant to the bottom which creates lateral buds. Typically, etiliation results in the chances being raised for the plant to receive sunlight but causes underiable symptoms.

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Answer:

Vacuoles are larger in plant cells than in animal cells

Answer:

vacuoles are larger in plant cell than in animal cell

Answer:

Explanation:

Earthquake smoke fires ash falling from the sky

Answer:

There is no table but one difference is plant cells have a cell wall and a vacuole for holding waste animal cells dont have that

Answer:

Energy Metabolism

Explanation:

In order to a living cell you need to be able to reproduce, have energy metabolism, etc.

This is a basic characteristic of all living cells called as the energy metabolism.

Energy metabolism refers to all of the reactions worried in producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from nutrients, such as each cardio respiration (oxygen present), anaerobic respiration (fermentation) in addition to fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.

The residing cells of each organism continuously use strength to live to tell the tale and grow. Cells ruin down complicated carbohydrates into easy sugars that the cell can use for strength. Muscle cells can also additionally patron strength to construct lengthy muscle proteins from small amino acid molecules.

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Answer:

c. Scoliosis

Explanation:

Scoliosis is a defect which is as a result of the spine being imbalanced and developing into an S- or C-shaped curve.

The spine is usually curved in an uncharacteristic manner and is commonly found in people with cerebral palsy.

Treatment involves surgical operations or the use of braces to fix the spines back to their original positions.

Answer: lordosis

Explanation:

If it’s says ‘when spine curves inward at the lower back...

Answer:

no  

Explanl  

l vidaal atiense

Answer:

The correct answers are:

protein serving is too large

grains are not represented

and the vegetable serving should be larger.

Explanation:

Answer:

C. Find suspect agent in every case of disease of interest but not in healthy hosts

B. Isolate and culture suspect agent in the laboratory

A. Inoculate suspect agent into test subject and observe that subject develops disease of interest

D. Recover and isolate suspect agent from the test subject

Explanation:

Robert Koch, who was a German microbiologist, formulated an four postulates to show the relationship between a microorganism-causing disease and the disease.

The postulates, which were published by Robert Koch in 1890 are as follows:

1. The microbe (causative agent) must be found in diseased organisms but not in healthy ones.

2. The microbe must be isolated from the diseased organism and cultured i.e. grown

3. The cultured microbe, when inoculated into an healthy organism, must cause the same disease in that organism.

4. The microbe (causative agent) must be isolated again from the inoculated organism and be found to be identical to the previous microbe isolated from the diseased organisms.

Based on this four postulates, the correct order for the application of Koch's postulates will be:

C. Find suspect agent in every case of disease of interest but not in healthy hosts

B. Isolate and culture suspect agent in the laboratory

A. Inoculate suspect agent into test subject and observe that subject develops disease of interest

D. Recover and isolate suspect agent from the test subject

Answer:

When you exercise it causes your muscles and your pearl your pures in your skin to produce sweat and cause pain to your nervous system telling you that is exhausting

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It increases heart rate, which pumps more oxygen to the brain. It aids the release of hormones which provide an excellent environment for the growth of brain cells. Exercise also promotes brain plasticity by stimulating growth of new connections between cells in many important cortical areas of the brain.

_________________

~ hαppч lєαrníng ~

Answer:

understand what?

Explanation:

I think you forgot to add an attachment

Explanation:Dendrites are the segments of the neuron that receive stimulation in order for the cell to become active. They conduct electrical messages to the neuron cell body for the cell to function

Dendrites play important role in conducting electrical messages to the neuron cell body for the cell to function. They help the neuron receive messages from the axon of another neuron. Thus option D is correct.

Dendrites are parts of neurons found in  the brain and spinal cord.

It comprises cytoskeletal structures, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and involved in signal transmission.

The major function is receiving electrical messages and transfer the received information to the soma of the neuron.

It collects and stores all information from axon terminals.

Dendrites also collect messages through other neurons  towards the brain and the brain sends the instructions back to different parts of the body.

Thus option D is correct

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Answer:

Lipids are a type of fat.Fats are just one type of lipid, a category of molecules united by their inability to mix well with water. Lipids tend to be hydrophobic, nonpolar, and made up mostly of hydrocarbon chains

Explanation:

Answer:

B

Explanation:

!!!!!!!

Answer:

1) Plants cells have cell walls; animal cells don’t.

Explanation:

Cell walls function is to help cells stick to each other, which is good for plants since they don’t move around. But as for animal, they need to move around so it’s not good for them to have it.

Without cell walls, animal cells can take on different shapes!

It makes it able to move easier, flexible.

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Answer:

1. Sierra Club

In its early days, The Sierra Club, founded in 1892 by conservationist, naturalist and explorer John Muir, was mostly made up of scientists interested in exploring the Sierra mountains. For years, the organization promoted the appreciation and stewardship of the outdoors but steered clear of civil disobedience. A change came last year when, in the face of increasingly dire warnings from climate scientists, the group’s executive director, Michael Brune, and then-president, Allison Chin, were arrested — with about 50 others, including McKibben — outside the White House protesting the Keystone XL pipeline.

This particular project — the Keystone XL pipeline

M

2. Greenpeace

Kumi Naidoo, the executive director of Greenpeace International, talks with Bill in September about 30 Greenpeace activists detained in Russia.

Founded in 1971, Greenpeace’s initial advocacy work focused on its opposition to nuclear testing. In 1985, the French Secret Service famously bombed a Greenpeace ship moored in Auckland, New Zealand, on its way to protest French nuclear testing in Moruroa Atoll. Since then, the organization’s priority has shifted from nuclear proliferation to confronting climate change. But their strategy of direct action with an international focus has essentially remained the same.

In September of last year, 30 people who were aboard the Greenpeace ship the Arctic Sunrise drew international attention when they were detained by authorities after a demonstration at a Russian drilling rig in the Arctic. The activists sought to highlight the exploitation of the fragile Arctic environment for fossil fuel extraction. Some of the activists were at first charged with piracy, though the Russian government later reduced the charges to “hooliganism” and released all involved, then dropped the charges entirely ahead of the Sochi Olympics. Two years earlier, two activists — including Greenpeace International Executive Director Kumi Naidoo — boarded a drilling rig off the coast of Greenland and were blasted for hours by fire hoses as the crew attempted to repel them, pushing them into the choppy sea.

3. dle No More

Idle No More, a group of mostly Canadian Native North Americans, sprang into existence in October 2012, when Canada’s conservative prime minister Stephen Harper pushed a law, known as C-45, through parliament that rolled back both environmental protections and indigenous peoples’ sovereignty in order to make the country’s tar sands, and the crude oil that could be extracted from them, more easily exploitable. Resource extraction projects, like the tar sands, often hurt North America’s indigenous populations disproportionately.

In protest of C-45, the group organized rallies in major cities across Canada. A leader of Idle No More, Attawapiskat Chief Theresa Spence, started what would become a six-week-long hunger strike and groups of protesters blockaded rail lines and highways.

Last year, McKibben wrote about the group in the Huffington Post, “I sense that [Idle No More] is every bit as important as the Occupy movement that transfixed the world a year ago; it feels like it wells up from the same kind of long-postponed and deeply-felt passion that powered the Arab spring. And I know firsthand that many of its organizers are among the most committed and skilled activists I’ve ever come across. In fact, if Occupy’s weakness was that it lacked roots (it had to take over public places, after all, which proved hard to hold on to), this new movement’s great strength is that its roots go back farther than history.”

Explanation:

4. Union of Concerned Scientists

The Union of Concerned Scientists was founded during the height of the Vietnam war during a teach-in at MIT to protest the US government’s militarization of science. Initially, the group was concerned with nuclear proliferation and energy issues, but over time has shifted its focus to sustainability. Today, the majority of the UCS’s areas of advocacy focus on climate change.

The group is responsible for groundbreaking research on sustainability standards for vehicles and the disastrous affects of climate change. “Traditionally there have been two types of science: basic and applied. UCS has added a third category to the canon: engaged science,” the group’s website says. “Since its beginning, UCS has followed the example set by scientists: We share information, seek the truth, and let our findings guide our conclusions.”

Along with other groups such as the Yale Project on Climate Change Communication, the Union of Concerned Scientists has been integral in refuting those who claim climate change is a hoax. The UCS also produces reports on how the fossil fuel industry and other private interests profit from inaction on climate change.

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Answer:

the first one is right..

Answer:

We make big decisions in life. Like cooking, fabric, eating, oils we use. Tooth paste, brush, shampoo and conditioner. People come up with experiments. Just normally everything we do in life is similar to what scientists do.

Answer:

AMOUNT OF RAINFALL

Explanation:

The independent variable in an experiment is the variable that the scientist/experimenter manipulates or changes in order to bring about a response in the dependent variable.

In this case, the independent variable is the AMOUNT OF RAINFALL that the Palo verde trees were exposed to. This is because the amount of rainfall received is what is changed in this experiment while the growth of the Palo verde trees is the dependent variable, which is dependent on the amount of rainfall received (independent).

Answer:

Excretion is a process by which metabolic waste is eliminated from an organism. In vertebrates this is primarily carried out by the lungs, kidneys and skin. This is in contrast with secretion, where the substance may have specific tasks after leaving the cell. Excretion is an essential process in all forms of life.

Explanation:

can u mark me brainlyest

Answer:

PhD pressure into height is eqala to density formula no sure

Answer:

the formula for density is Mass/volume

density is a measure of the amount of mass/matter that is packed into a specific object/volume

Explanation:

Answer:

Carbohydrates consist of which of the following elements? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY)

Question 1 options:

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Calcium

Question 2 (2 points)

Saved

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates are NOT true?

Question 2 options:

Your body uses carbohydrates to give you energy and keep everything going.  

Carbohydrates can be referred to as simple or complex sugars.  

Starch is an example of a simple carbohydrate.  

Starch must be broken down through digestion before your body can use it as an energy source.

Question 3 (2 points)

Saved

Proteins are made up of smaller molecules called

Question 3 options:

starches.

amino acids.

monosaccharides.

protein synthesis.

Question 4 (2 points)

Saved

Choose all of the following statements that correctly explain what essential amino acids are:

Question 4 options:

It is essential that our diet provides these amino acids.  

There are 20 essential amino acids.

Peanut butter on wheat bread is an example of a combination of foods that you can mix together to obtain the essential amino acids.

Can be considered as saturated or unsaturated.

Question 5 (1 point)

Saved

Nutritionists measure the amount of energy in food in Calories. According to the article, fats contain the highest number of Calories.

Question 5 options:

True

False

Explanation:

All the bolded ones aqre correct sorry for lateness just finished test.

Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Starch is not an example of simple carbohydrates. Proteins are made up of amino acids. There are 20 essential amino acids.

The nearly 30 trillion cells that make up the human body work together to carry out each of the vital processes of life. Numerous chemical compounds found inside the cells enable them to carry out these vital functions. Biomolecules are the name given to these chemical compounds.

Biomolecules come in a broad variety of shapes and sizes and are engaged in a huge variety of biological processes. They are made up of more than 25 naturally occurring elements, with carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur serving as the main ones.

Biomolecule production involves carbon compounds significantly. They combine covalently to create a number of different chemicals. When functional groups like alcohols, amines, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic groups are used to replace hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbons, certain biomolecules are referred to be derivatives of hydrocarbons.

Therefore the correct options are 1) A, B, and C; 2) C; 3) B; 4) B.

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