Answer:The Great Oxidation of Earth’s atmosphere about 2.3 billion years ago began a series of geochemical events leading to elevated oxygen levels for the next 200 million years, with a collapse to much lower levels as these events played their course. This sequence of events is represented in rocks from the Republic of Gabon. We show oxygenation of the deep oceans when oxygen levels were likely their highest. By 2.08 billion years ago, however, oxygen dropped to levels possibly as low as any time in the last 2.3 billion years. These fluctuations can be explained as a direct consequence of the initial oxygenation of the atmosphere during the Great Oxidation Event.
Explanation:
a water molecule is added to an atp molecule to break down atp into adp and a phosphate group. write the chemical equation that represents this reaction.
The chemical equation for the reaction when a water molecule is added to an atp molecule to break down atp into adp and a phosphate group is H2O + ATP -> ADP + Pi
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that can store chemical energy in high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds. These bonds can be split to release chemical energy, for example in muscles. This process is known as ATP hydrolysis. The end result is an inorganic phosphate and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (Pi). Another inorganic phosphate, energy, and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) can all be produced from ADP by additional hydrolysis (Pi). The final step in converting food- or sun-derived energy into useful activities like muscle contraction, creating electrochemical gradients across membranes, and biosynthetic processes required for maintaining life, is ATP hydrolysis.
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What do you think is the same characteristic/attitude of a person and your chosen pets?
Chosen pet: Bird
Answer:
Eagle: Loves authority & power.
Peacock: Is the crowd-pleaser.
Owl: The 'numbers' guy (or girl)
Dove: The nurturer & helper.
Explanation:
hope it help
have a nice day
3. The pH of stomach acid is 2, why is this both good, but possibly destructive to our bodies?
what are menisci (articular discs)? what are menisci (articular discs)? cavities lined with cartilage wedges of fibrocartilage that partially or completely divide the synovial cavity tendon sheaths small sacs containing synovial fluid
Menisci (articular discs) are the: (1) cavities lined with cartilage wedges of fibrocartilage that partially or completely divide the synovial cavity.
Cartilage is the connective tissue. It acts as a shock absorber therefore protects the bones and muscles. It is a very strong yet soft and flexible tissue. The cells that make up the cartilage are called chondrocytes. There are three types of cartilage. These are: hyaline, fibro and elastic.
Synovial cavity is the space between two bones. It is filled with a fluid called synovial fluid. Almost all the joints contain synovial cavity. The function of the cavity and fluid is to lubricate the ends of the bone and therefore protect them any wear or tear.
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vernalization you are studying a winter-annual arabidopsis plants. you identify a strain with a mutation in the flc gene that renders it inactive. when do you expect this plant to flower?
The plant will never be able to flower.
What are annual Arabidopsis plants?
A plant is said to be annual if it completes all stages of its life cycle, from germination to the production of seeds, during a single growing season and then perishes when that season is over.
During the process of flower growth, from the vegetative to the reproductive phase, a number of genes, including SOC1, LFY, FLC, and others, play highly important roles. Which FLC gene is the repressor gene of SOC1 that result in the flowering of the plant, but after the cold treatment an additional gene called COLDAIR RNA in the process of vernalization represses FLC and causes flowering to occur. However, if COLDAIR RNA is unstable, it would be nonfunctional and the plant would never be able to flower because of this.
Hence, the plant will never be able to flower.
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When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and carbon dioxide. What is the name for this process?.
Fermentation is the process when some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and carbon dioxide.
What is fermentation?
Wine, beer, yogurt, and other goods are made through the process of fermentation. The chemical process that takes place during fermentation is seen below. A carbohydrate, such as starch or sugar, is transformed into an alcohol or an acid during the metabolic process of fermentation.
How is cellular respiration triggered by fermentation?Glycolysis is the starting point of any type of cellular respiration, and the final byproduct is pyruvic acid, a 3-C molecule. Fermentation is one of two main methods by which various cells deal with this pyruvate. Let's take a close look at anaerobic respiration, kinds of fermentation, and so forth.
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I need help with this please
A group of related parts with specific roles that work together converts the message to a signal and send it to a receiver.
The correct option is D.
What is the communication system ?The communication system describes an information conversation between different sites. Data is sent and received in communication. The three major parts of communication are the data transmitter, the channel or medium of communication, and the data receiver.
What is an example of a communication system?The telephone, the telegraph, the cell phone, the Edison telegraph, the computer, and the TV cable are the key examples of communication systems. This system's sources can be classified as either electric or non-electric. These are the places where a message or input signal comes from.
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The complete question is -
A system is a group of related parts with specific roles that work together to achieve an observed result. The flow chart below shows a communication system. In this communication system, what does the transmitter do?
For Genes to become protein DNA must first be ... ?
Answer: transciped
Explanation: In order for a cell to manufacture these proteins, specific genes within its DNA must first be transcribed into molecules of mRNA; then, these transcripts must be translated into chains of amino acids, which later folded into fully functional proteins.
Answer:
Answer down below!
Explanation:
They need to be transcribed before they can become proteins!
Hope this helps!
which of these steps in the retrovirus life cycle are correct? i. viral mrna is transcribed from the integrated proviral dna. ii. single-stranded viral dna is integrated into the dna of the host chromosome. iii. reverse transcriptase synthesizes a second strand from the dna copy. iv. capsid breaks down; resolvase synthesizes a dna copy of the viral rna.
Retrovirus has capability to synthesize sized single DNA from RNA template by the help of reverse transcriptase enzyme, that's why it is called retrovirus.
First, Capsid is broken down and released. Second, released viral RNA and ready to work as a temple for single strand DNA synthesis, these DNA enter within the host. Third, single strand DNA is integrated into the host chromosome. Fourth, viral m-RNA is transcribed from the Retrovirus DNA by using host machinery, along with this third step, reverse transcriptase enzymes synthesize second strand from DNA copy and virus store these genetic material as a viral genome.
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The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the __________.
The answer to this fill in blanks is latissimus dorsi. The latissimus dorsi is the posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint.
The latissimus dorsi muscle is a broad, flat muscle that dominates the lower posterior thorax. The primary function of the muscle is in the upper extremity, but it is also considered a respiratory accessory muscle.
The latissimus dorsi is most activated during pulling and throwing movements. The most common causes of shoulder blade pain are overuse, poor technique, or failing to warm up before exercising.
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Answer:
Explanation:The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the Latissimus Dorsi
The latissimus dorsi muscle may be a broad, flat muscle that occupies the bulk of the lower posterior thorax. The muscle's primary function is within the upper extremity but is also considered to be a respiratory accessory muscle. Due to this muscle's broad attachment on the spinous processes, ongoing research is watching what, if any, role the muscle plays in trunk movement.
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What is a difference between systemic and pulmonary circulation?
A.
Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood to the body and pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
B.
Systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the body and pulmonary circulation carries oxygenated blood to the lungs.
C.
Systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and pulmonary circulation carries oxygenated blood to the body.
D.
Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood to the lungs and pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the body.
hydrogen is what gumdrop color
Answer:
red
Explanation:
Fill in the blanks
Describe and explain why a root hair cell is diffrent to a cell found in a leaf.
A root hair cell has a.................
Theese features maximise................. Into the root from the soil.........
The leaf cell has.................. Because of theese are the parts of the cell that.............
Answer:
Here is answer
Explanation:
A root hair cell has a large surface area.
These features maximise absorption of water into the root from the soil.
The leaf cell has chloroplast because of these features the parts of cell can photosynthesis.
Answer:
I think we it has a hair I don't know
9.What is Acceleration?
a) How long it takes me to win at fortnight.
b) The direction of an object.
c) A change in Motion.
d) How fast something is moving.
c is the correct answer
hope it helps
2. Which describes the alveoli?
O They have very thick walls to contain the air that enters the lungs.
They work with the villi to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
They provide a large amount of surface area for gas exchange.
They are structures responsible for the production of our voice.
Alveoli work with the villi to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide .
Alveoli are the smallest structure in the respiratory system. They are organized in bunches all through the lungs at the finishes of the parts of your respiratory tree, which is the tree-like design of paths that carries air into the lungs.
The walls of the alveoli are extremely slender. This lets oxygen and CO2 pass effectively between the alveoli and vessels, which are tiny veins.
Oxygen can pass from the alveoli to the vessels on the grounds that the centralization of oxygen is lower in the vessels than in alveoli. Essentially, CO2 moves the alternate way in light of the fact that the centralization of carbon dioxide is lower in the alveoli than in the vessels.
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Which of the following examples illustrates an energy transfer between the atmosphere and hydrosphere?
A.
convection currents in the ocean mixing warmer and cooler water together
B.
plant roots absorbing water from the soil
C.
loss of heat from a geothermal vent to the surrounding cooler water
D.
polar ice reflecting the Sun's light back toward space
There are three layers called atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The atmosphere is a layer of air. Polar ice reflecting the Sun's light toward space.
What are the atmosphere and hydrosphere?There are three layers called atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The atmosphere is a layer of air. The hydrosphere is the layer of water. The biosphere is a layer of living organisms.
Polar ice reflects the sunlight. Polar ice will get melts when it will receive sunlight. Atmosphere is the layer around the earth made up of air. Hydrosphere is the layer of water only.
Therefore, There are three layers called atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The atmosphere is a layer of air. Polar ice reflecting the Sun's light toward space.
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Please match these to their corresponding organelle
1. nucleolus
2. ribosomes
3. mitochondria
4. lysosome
5. cell membrane
6. vesicle
7. cytoplasm
8. smooth ER
9. Golgi apparatus
10. cytoskeleton
11. nucleus
12. rough ER
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Which term describes the rearranging of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes without a net loss or gain of genetic material?.
Translocation is the term that describes the rearrangement of genetic material between non-homologous chromosomes without a net loss or gain of genetic material.
Chromosome translocation is an abnormality of the chromosome that results from the rearranging of pieces on non-homologous chromosomes. When chromosomes break during meiosis and the resultant fragment is linked to another chromosome, translocations take place. It does not undergo any net loss or gain of genetic material during the process.
The exchanged sections are referred to as "translocated segments," and the reorganized chromosome is referred to as a "derivative." The translocation is balanced (i.e., neither gains nor losses of genetic material occur) and typically leads to normal development as long as there is no genetic material loss. Rarely, the breaks disconnect a gene from its regulatory element or occur within a gene, which may subsequently result in a phenotype.
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evaluate this statement: crossing over is the only mechanism that creates genetic variation by creating hybrid chromosomes with new combinations of alleles.
The statement "crossing over is the only mechanism that creates genetic variation by creating hybrid chromosomes with new combinations of alleles" is definitely true.
What is Crossing over?Crossing over may be defined as a type of process through which the exchange of genetic material occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. This process mostly occurs in the Pachytene stage of meiosis I.
According to the question, independent assortment and random fertilization significantly construct genetic variations with the help of chromosome shuffling. There must be an exchange of genetic segments.
Therefore, the statement "crossing over is the only mechanism that creates genetic variation by creating hybrid chromosomes with new combinations of alleles" is definitely true.
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GIVING BRAINIEST FOR CORRECT ANSWER
In which two ways do plant cells use the sugar made in photosynthesis ?
• to produce phosphate groups
• to store inorganic matter
• to supply the plant with energy for life
• to make other types of organic molecules
The two ways in which plant cells use the sugar made in photosynthesis are to supply the plant with energy for life and to make other types of organic molecules. The correct options are c and d.
What is photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is a method that plants and other lifeforms use to transform light energy into chemical energy that can then be released to fuel the organism's activities via cellular respiration.
Plants use their leaves to trap light energy during photosynthesis. Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose, a sugar.
Plants use glucose for energy and to make other substances such as cellulose and starch. Cellulose is used to construct cell walls.
Thus, c and d are the correct options.
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Taxol is an anticancer drug extracted from the pacific yew tree that binds to microtubules and prevents their depolymerization. Which phase of mitosis or cell division would be inhibited by treatment with taxol?.
The phase of mitosis that would be inhibited by treatment with Taxol is: metaphase.
Mitosis is the process of cell division that divides the cell into two daughter cells without affecting the genetic composition of the cells. Hence it is an equational division where the ploidy of the cells is not affected. Mitosis is accomplished in following four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
Metaphase is the second phase of mitosis where the chromosomes align at the center or the equator of the cell. This is also called the metaphasic plate. The chromosomes are also attached to the spindle fibers, which then pull them apart in the next phase which is anaphase.
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ater is considered hypoxic (lacking oxygen) if it contains 2 mg/l or less dissolved oxygen. think of the food chain that exists in the gulf of mexico: what are the types of organisms that likely live at the bottom of the gulf, where the water is most hypoxic? how can a lack of oxygen affect them? which cellular processes are affected by a lack of oxygen?
When cells are not given glucose and oxygen, necrosis, or cell death, takes place. The fact that cells can endure hypoxia is noteworthy. The intrinsic apoptotic pathway is activated by acute oxygen deprivation, and this results in a lowering of the mitochondrial membrane's potential, according to early study.
How is cellular respiration impacted by a lack of oxygen?When oxygenated blood is not given to cells, cellular membranes break down, causing anaerobic metabolism and a loss of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Since oxygen is needed for algae to break down, fish and other aquatic species have much less DO available to them, which has an adverse effect on their health and frequently results in fish death. Low DO in water is also brought on by the decomposition of aquatic plants and phytoplankton that are submerged.
Low oxygen levels in your bodily tissues are known as hypoxia.You may be at risk for hypoxia if you have one of several chronic heart and lung diseases. Hypoxia poses a serious risk to life.
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Which option is an example of something that can promote sustainable development?
Responses
(A.) having a leaky septic tank
(B.) clearing acres of land to build a home
(C.) using solar panels for heat
(D.) having a large yard
Answer:
(C.) using solar panels for heat
Explanation:
k 12 quiz
Having a large yard is an example of something that can promote sustainable development. Thus, the correct option is D.
What is Sustainable development?Sustainable development is an organizing principle for the meeting of the human development goals while it is also sustaining the ability of the natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services on which the human economies and society depends as a whole.
A yard is an open place which has fencing around it, with the grasses and small shrubs around as well. Having a large yard will not only meet the requirements of the human beings however it also be in favor of the environment as there will be no construction over that area due to the yard.
Therefore, the correct option is D.
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Scientists agree that the term biodiversity describes the number and kinds of species in a location on Earth. Scientists have also identified alternate measures of biodiversity, some of which are important for planning how to preserve biodiversity including genetic biodiversity as well as ecosystem biodiversity. Because all life is interconnected and because the biosphere exerts such an influence on our man's presence on Earth, it is so very important that biodiversity be preserved.
All the true statements are:
Undisturbed wild areas are important for all human recreation activities.Many plants produce secondary plant compounds that are used as medicines.Antibiotics are derived from bacteria and fungi.Maintaining the genetic biodiversity of wild species of our crops that are related to domesticated species ensures our continued food supply. Options A, C, D, and FThis is further explained below.
What is biodiversity?Generally, The range of living things, including plants, animals, fungi, and even microscopic creatures like bacteria, that are found in a certain place is referred to as that region's biodiversity.
In conclusion, Biodiversity is an essential component of our natural world.
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CQ
Scientists agree that the term biodiversity describes the number and kinds of species in a location on Earth. Scientists have also identified alternate measures of biodiversity, some of which are important for planning how to preserve biodiversity including genetic biodiversity as well as ecosystem biodiversity. Because all life is interconnected and because the biosphere exerts such an influence on our man's presence on Earth, it is so very important that biodiversity be preserved.
Why is biodiversity important to man? Check all the statements that are true.
A) Maintaining genetic biodiversity of wild species of our crops that are related to domesticated species ensures our continued food supply.
B) Most aesthetically pleasing landscapes are poor in the diversity of habitats and species.
C)Antibiotics are derived from bacteria and fungi.
D)Many plants produce secondary plant compounds that are used as medicines.
E)The ability to create new crop varieties relies on the unique properties of just one particular plant rather than a genetic diversity.
F)Undisturbed wild areas are important for all human recreation activities.
During cellular respiration, four total atp are produced when pyruvic acid is created. What else is produced as a result of this reaction?.
Heat is also produced as a result of this reaction.
The process by which glucose is broken down to provide energy is known as glycolysis. It generates two pyruvate molecules, ATP, NADH, and water. There is no need for oxygen throughout the process, which occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell. Both aerobic and anaerobic creatures experience it.
Four ATP molecules (net = 2) are produced during glycolysis in addition to the pyruvic acid that is created.
However, glycolysis releases energy in the form of heat, much like all other catabolic reactions that involve the breakdown of big molecules.
Therefore, heat is also produced as a result of glycolytic reaction (cellular respiration).
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Are white blood cells larger than red blood cells
Monocytes(white blood cells) are the largest cells of the blood (averaging 15–18 μm in diameter), and they make up about 7 percent of the leukocytes.
scharf, s. r., and gerhart, j. c. (1983). axis determination in eggs of xenopus laevist a critical period before first cleavage, identified by the common effects of cold, pressure, and ultraviolet irradiation. dev. biol. 99, 75-87.
Embryos show a reduction and loss of body axis structures when Xenopus laevis eggs are exposed to 1.0 degrees C for 4 minutes or 8000 psi for 5 minutes during a crucial phase before initial cleavage. The deficits develop in a dose-dependent craniocaudal progression.
In the extreme, radial symmetric, completely axis-deficient embryos are produced. The time between pronuclear contact and mitosis, which is roughly when the gray crescent forms, is when the maximum sensitivity to cold and pressure occurs. This time spans from around 0.4 to 0.8. These findings are interpreted as follows: The Xenopus laevis egg contents are reorganized during the 0.4–0.8 phase in a way that is crucial for the development of the embryonic body axis later on.
Cytoskeletal components are involved in the reorganization process; some of these components are D2O-protected and susceptible to UV, pressure, and cold. It is possible to understand rescue by oblique orientation as the outcome of a gravity-driven rearrangement of the egg's contents, replacing the impaired normal mechanochemical reaction in treated Xenopus laevis eggs.
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Can a flower be both perfect and incomplete?
Answer:
It is possible for a perfect flower to be incomplete, but it is not possible for an imperfect flower to be complete.
Explanation:
A flower with male and female parts is called a perfect flower. A flower that is missing male or female parts is an imperfect flower. Plants may have flowers that are complete or incomplete.
We observe that an emission feature in a star is shifted by 2 nm from its actual emission at 450 nm. How fast is this star moving with respect to us? Put answer in units of km/sec but don't enter units. Round to the nearest hundredths place
We see a star's emission feature is 2 nm off from its actual emission at 450 nm. This star is traveling at a speed of 0.675×[tex]10^{8}[/tex] km/s relative to us.
As we define velocity as, v= Δh/h×C
Here c is the speed of light and the value of C is 3×[tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/sec.
(450× 3×[tex]10^{8}[/tex])/2
0.675 ×[tex]10^{8}[/tex]
Hence the rate of moving stare is 0.675 ×[tex]10^{8}[/tex] Km/s. and effect is known as the Doppler effect.
What is Doppler effect?It is the result of a moving wave source that causes its upward shift in frequency for viewers as the source moves toward them and a drop shift in frequencies as the source moves away from them. used to determine if an object in space is traveling away from or toward us.
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if all humans have the same genes, then what makes each person unique?
Answer: The combination of all of your variants make up the 0.1% difference in your DNA—the part of your DNA that makes you unique from everyone else—and helps give you a unique sequence.
Explanation: The gene copies are different when the nucleotide sequence differs in at least one site. For instance, a gene copy contains the A nucleotide in a specific location, while the other copy has the G nucleotide in the same place. We say that this person has two different alleles in the same location.
People differ in so many ways; in their genetic make-up, sociocultural backgrounds, attitudes, the way they speak, listen, learn, behave, act and react.
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