Day
Flask with open (broken) neck
Flask with intact neck
1
24
5
In South America near the Andres Mountains and in Africa near Mt. Kilimanjaro, the climate is cold. Why do you think this is so?
The cold climate near the Andes Mountains in South America and Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa is primarily due to their high elevations. As air rises over mountain ranges, it cools and loses moisture, resulting in lower temperatures and arid conditions on the leeward side of the mountains.
What is the height of Mt. Kilimanjaro?Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa, rising over 19,000 feet above sea level. The mountain's height and location near the equator result in a unique climate that includes freezing temperatures at the summit despite its proximity to the hot and humid tropics below.
The cold climate near the Andes Mountains and Mount Kilimanjaro is a result of their high elevations and their location on the leeward side of mountain ranges, where air cools and loses moisture as it rises.
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2. Your_ is the total amount of energy that you burn in a single day.
A. basal metabolic rate
B. total daily energy expenditure
C. energy balance
D. body expenditure composition
The total amount of energy that an individual burns in a single day is referred to as the total daily energy expenditure (TDEE). The correct answer is option B.
This includes the energy expended for basic bodily functions such as breathing, blood circulation, and brain activity, known as basal metabolic rate (BMR), as well as the energy used for physical activity and the thermic effect of food.The basal metabolic rate is the number of calories that an individual burns while at rest and accounts for the majority of total daily energy expenditure. Physical activity, including exercise and non-exercise activity, accounts for the remaining portion of TDEE. The thermic effect of food is the energy used for the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food. An individual's TDEE is influenced by factors such as age, gender, body composition, and physical activity level.To maintain a healthy weight, an individual's energy intake should be balanced with their TDEE. This is known as energy balance. If energy intake exceeds TDEE, weight gain can occur, while a calorie deficit can lead to weight loss. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.Therefore, understanding TDEE and energy balance is crucial for weight management.For more questions on TDEE
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Which step happens first in secondary succession?
Responses
Grasses, flowers, and mosses colonize the soil.
Bushes and shrubs return and create a shaded environment.
Bare rock is broken down by roots and lichen to form soil.
Seedlings grow into saplings and then taller trees.
Answer: Grasses, flowers, and mosses colonize the soil.
Explanation:
I took the test and got 5/5
Fossil fuels that are used to make plastic bags are collected through either mining or drilling. Mining involves digging or scraping to expose and excavate natural resources. Drilling reaches resources which are deep within the ground and allows those resources to flow to the surface. Both methods result in disruptions to the local habitat and emit large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. Based on this information, which statement best identifies one advantage and one disadvantage of the "It's in the Bag" program?
A
The program reduces carbon emissions released during mining and drilling. However, animals would be negatively affected by the increased number of plastic bags polluting their habitats.
B
The program eliminates the need for fossil fuels by reusing plastic. However, the environment is negatively affected by habitat destruction since the program harvests composite lumber from natural areas.
C
The program eliminates the need to mine resources since composite lumber is made from recycled bags. However, animals would be negatively affected by the decreased number of trees in their habitats.
D
The program reduces the need for harvesting lumber by replacing wood with composite lumber. However, the environment is negatively affected by habitat destruction since the program uses products made from fossil fuels.
The statement that best identifies one advantage and one disadvantage of the "It's in the Bag" program :
The program eliminates the need to mine resources since composite lumber is made from recycled bags. However, animals would be negatively affected by the decreased number of trees in their habitats.
Therefore option C is correct.
What is a habitat?Habitat can be described as summarizing the array of resources, physical and biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species.
The Advantage is that : The program eliminates the need to mine resources since composite lumber is made from recycled bags.
The Disadvantage is that : Animals would be negatively affected by the decreased number of trees in their habitats.
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What is the immunohistochemistry ?
Answer:
This technique is widely used in the diagnosis of abnormal cells such as those found in cancerous tumors, as well as in basic research to understand the distribution and localization of biomarkers and differentially expressed proteins in different parts of a biological tissue
Explanation:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a laboratory technique used to identify specific proteins (antigens) in cells of a tissue section. It works by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues.
What the percentage for normal trait and SSD
The percentages of the children that are normal, carriers, or have sickle cell disease are as follows:
25% of their children will have normal HBB genes50% of their children will be carriers of SCD but not have the disease25% of their children will have SCDHow many children will have sickle cell disease?Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder that affects the shape of red blood cells. It is caused by a mutation in the HBB gene, which provides instructions for making the beta-globin protein that is a part of hemoglobin.
A person with SCD inherits two copies of the mutated HBB gene, one from each parent. A carrier of SCD inherits only one copy of the mutated gene and typically does not have symptoms of the disease.
If a person with SCD and a carrier of SCD have children, the following inheritance patterns are possible:
50% chance of a child inheriting one mutated gene from the person with SCD and one mutated gene from the carrier, resulting in SCD50% chance of a child inheriting one normal gene from the person with SCD and one mutated gene from the carrier, resulting in being a carrier of SCD but not having the diseaseTherefore, on average, half of their children will have SCD, and half will be carriers but not have the disease.Learn more about sickle cell disease at: https://brainly.com/question/21354134
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. In domestic cattle the spotting pattern of the coat can be controlled by several alleles. The Dutch belt pattern is controlled by a dominant allele “A”. The Hereford pattern is “a1”, a solid pattern is “a2”, and the Holstein pattern is “a”. The Dutch belt pattern is dominant to all other alleles. The Hereford pattern is dominant to the solid and the Holstein pattern. The solid pattern is dominant to the Holstein pattern and the Holstein pattern is recessive to all. So the dominance pattern looks like this: A>a1>a2>a. Use this information to answer the following questions. a. Can Holsteins produce Hereford offspring? Explain your answer. b. Can Herefords produce solid offspring? Explain your answer. c. Is it possible for two parents with different color patterns to have four offspring all with different phenotypes? Explain your answer. Include a Punnett square or squares to explain your answer.
No, Holsteins cannot produce Hereford offspring because the Hereford pattern is dominant to the Holstein pattern and the Holstein pattern is recessive to all.
What is recessive?Recessive is a genetic trait that occurs when two copies of a gene are inherited from both parents, and only the recessive version of the gene is expressed. When a recessive gene is paired with a dominant gene, the dominant gene will take precedence and the recessive trait will not be expressed. For example, in the case of eye color, the dominant gene for brown eyes will override the recessive gene for blue eyes.
a. No, Holsteins cannot produce Hereford offspring because the Hereford pattern is dominant to the Holstein pattern and the Holstein pattern is recessive to all.
b. Yes, Herefords can produce solid offspring. The Hereford pattern is dominant to the solid pattern, so two Hereford parents can produce solid offspring with a genotype of Aa2.
c. Yes, it is possible for two parents with different color patterns to have four offspring all with different phenotypes. For example, if one parent has the Dutch belt pattern (genotype Aa) and one parent has the Hereford pattern (genotype Aa1), then four offspring with different phenotypes can be produced. The possible genotypes of the offspring are Aa, Aa1, aa, and aa1. The Punnett square would look like this:
Aa Aa1
Aa Aa1
aa aa1
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Which Kingdom includes organisms that cannot make their own food, eukaryotic, mobile,
and muticellular?
O Fungi
O Animalia
O Protista
O Plantae
If B- is donated to 0+, will the blood coagulate(clump)?
Blood coagulation (clumping) is unrelated to factor. B- blood can therefore be safely donated to 0+ people without running the danger of clotting.
Which antigens are present in type O blood?People with blood type O are frequently seen, and their serum will include both anti-A and anti-B antibodies. These people will have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies in their serum because blood group AB is the least frequent. Serum ABO antibodies are produced spontaneously.
What is the purpose of O positive blood?Blood that is type O positive is essential for trauma care. Only O positive or O negative blood types may be transfused into O positive patients.
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The diagram below represents the variation that occurs over three generations within a particular population of organisms. Each circle represents an individual organism, and the color of the circle represents one trait, ranging from solid white to dark blue.
Suppose the third generation experiences intense selective pressures and only two of the six organisms live long enough to reproduce. Each of these organisms produces three offspring. The fourth generation is made up of two populations: one with the solid white trait and the other with the dark blue trait.
From this information, which two organisms of the third generation most likely reproduced?
Answer:
Pure White and Dark Blue
Explanation:
They are the only species in the fourth generation so it would make sense if they reproduced
correctly describe a reproductive approach
Answer:
In asexual reproduction, a single individual is the sole parent and passes copies of its genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes.
Will give brainy!
Analyze the given diagram of the carbon cycle below. (10 points)
Part 1: Which process does arrow F represent?
Part 2: Explain how matter is conserved during the process.
Part 3: Justify why this process is a recycling of carbon in the carbon cycle.
Use complete sentences to explain your answer.
Answer:
Part 1: Arrow F represents the process of decomposition in the carbon cycle.
Part 2: During the process of decomposition, organic matter such as dead plants and animals are broken down by bacteria and fungi into simpler inorganic compounds like carbon dioxide and water. In this process, matter is conserved because the total amount of carbon and other elements present in the organic matter before decomposition is the same as the total amount of carbon and other elements present in the inorganic compounds that result from decomposition.
Part 3: Decomposition is a recycling of carbon in the carbon cycle because it converts organic carbon compounds back into inorganic carbon compounds such as carbon dioxide, which can be used again by plants for photosynthesis. The carbon dioxide released during decomposition can enter the atmosphere and be taken up by plants during photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide into organic molecules. Therefore, decomposition plays an essential role in returning carbon from dead organisms back into the atmosphere or soil, where it can be reused by living organisms in the carbon cycle.
Explanation:
I hope this might help you :)
Arrow F in the given diagram represents the process of respiration in the carbon cycle. During respiration, living organisms, such as plants and animals, release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Matter is conserved during the process of respiration because although carbon is being released into the atmosphere, it is not being created or destroyed. The carbon dioxide that is produced during respiration is simply a rearrangement of the carbon atoms that were already present in the organic molecules consumed by the organisms. Therefore, the total amount of carbon in the cycle remains the same.
Respiration is considered a recycling process in the carbon cycle because the carbon dioxide released during respiration can be taken up by plants during photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, plants use carbon dioxide, along with sunlight and water, to produce glucose and release oxygen. This glucose is then used as a source of energy by the plant or stored as starch. The carbon from the glucose is then incorporated into the plant's tissues.
In summary, arrow F represents the process of respiration in the carbon cycle. Matter is conserved during this process as carbon is rearranged but not created or destroyed. Respiration is a recycling process because the carbon dioxide released can be taken up by plants during photosynthesis, completing the cycle.
6. Complete these sentences about the water cycle. Use the words in the box to help you. water vapour hail condenses evaporates snow clouds | rain a. Water on the Earth's surface apou 'S and moves up into the air as water b. The water vapour cools and it rises into the air. c. Drops of water high in the air form d. Drops of water fall to the Earth as e. Water in clouds freezes and falls to the Earth as ram hail or snow f. Rain, snow and hail bring water the Earth's surface. as back to Key concepts The water cycle is the process by which water evaporates from A.
The water cycle is the process by which water evaporates from the Earth's surface, forms clouds, falls back to the surface as precipitation (rain, snow, or hail), and eventually evaporates again to repeat the cycle.
a. Water on the Earth's surface evaporates and moves up into the air as water vapour.
b. The water vapour cools and condenses into clouds.
c. Drops of water high in the air form snow or hail.
d. Drops of water fall to the Earth as rain, snow or hail.
e. Water in clouds freezes and falls to the Earth as snow, hail or rain.
f. Rain, snow and hail bring water back to the Earth's surface.
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Beginning with carbon fixation arrange the steps of the calvin cycle in correct order
use of enzyme and ATP to form 5-carbon compound
formation of a stable 3
compound
carbon dioxide reacts with a 5-carbon compound
use of ATP to form a high-energy
3-carbon compound
formation of an unstable 6-carbon
Correct order carbon fixation of the Calvin cycle is:
Carbon dioxide reacts with a 5-carbon compound.Formation of an unstable 6-carbon compound.The unstable 6-carbon compound quickly breaks down into two molecules of a stable 3-carbon compound.Use of ATP to form a high-energy 3-carbon compound.Use of enzyme and ATP to form a 5-carbon compound.The Calvin cycle is the process by which carbon dioxide is fixed into glucose in photosynthetic organisms. The cycle begins with the reaction between carbon dioxide and a 5-carbon compound called ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), which is catalyzed by an enzyme called RuBisCO. The resulting unstable 6-carbon compound quickly breaks down into two molecules of a stable 3-carbon compound called 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA).
ATP is then used to convert 3-PGA into a high-energy 3-carbon compound called glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), which can be used to produce glucose and other carbohydrates. Some of the G3P is used to regenerate RuBP, so the cycle can continue. This regeneration step requires the use of an enzyme and ATP to form a 5-carbon compound, which can then react with more carbon dioxide to begin the cycle again.
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What are antigens and antibodies doing when a blood coagulates or clumps?
The process of blood coagulation or clumping depends heavily on antigens and antibodies. When a pathogen or virus enters the body, the immune system recognises it as an antigen and attacks it.
What functions do antigens and antibodies perform in the blood?Proteins called antibodies are present in plasma. They are a component of your body's defence mechanisms. Your immune system is notified when they detect alien objects, such as pathogens, and it then eliminates them.
Why does blood coagulate in reaction to an antibody?In the event that a transfusion reaction takes place, an antibody binds to antigens on various red blood cells. Red blood cells begin to clump together as a result, obstructing blood arteries.
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Developing a Molecular Clock Model
You will create a molecular clock model for an arthropod gene. Follow these guidelines to make your model:
Your timeline will span from 90 million years ago to the present. The common ancestor in your model is an arthropod that lived 90 million years ago. The gene that you’ll track codes for a protein in the species’ venom.
The DNA sequence you’ll track contains 10 nitrogen bases. You can choose the order of the bases and where the mutations occur.
This gene mutates at a rate of approximately 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years. To build your model, calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate.
The first time period will only show the common ancestor. At the beginning of the second time period, three lineages will diverge from the common ancestor, each with a different mutation in their gene sequences.
The first and third descendant species will survive for the rest of the timeline. The second descendant species was extinct 50 million years ago.
Calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur. Explain your reasoning by constructing a mathematical equation.
It would take approximately 22.7 million years for one full base pair mutation to occur.
What is mutation ?
To calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate, we need to use the mutation rate of 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years.
The rate of mutation per year is calculated as follows:
0.76 base pairs / 17.1 million years = 0.044 base pairs per million years
To calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur, we need to divide 1 by the mutation rate per million years:
1 base pair / 0.044 base pairs per million years = 22.7 million years per full base pair mutation
Therefore, it would take approximately 22.7 million years for one full base pair mutation to occur.
To construct the mathematical equation, we can use the formula:
Time for full mutation = 1 / (mutation rate per unit time)
Where the mutation rate per unit time is the rate of mutation per million years (0.044 base pairs per million years).
Plugging in the values, we get:
Time for full mutation = 1 / 0.044 = 22.7 million years per full base pair mutation.
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Question 8 of 10
In which process does water move from plants to the air?
Answer:
Transpiration occurs when plants take up liquid water from the soil and release water vapor into the air from their leaves.
50 Points, at least 1-3 sentences.
how do the skulls of early ancestors compare to modern-day human skulls?
Answer:
Daniel Lieberman can see millions of years of human evolution at a glance. The collection of skulls on his office shelves come from chimpanzees, long-extinct humans, and modern men and women. The hollow eye sockets, ancient teeth, and empty skulls pose the same question every day: What made us different from our archaic ancestors?
Explanation:
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Please need some help, due tomorrow, video link in screenshot
The majority influence is the side of not guilty, and the minority influence is the side of guilty. At the end of the clip, there are 11 people in the not guilty side and 1 person in the guilty side.
What is influence?Influence is the power to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something. It is the ability to affect someone or something in a positive or negative way. It can be used for good, such as encouraging positive behavior, or for ill, such as manipulating someone for a desired outcome. Influence is often used in marketing and advertising to persuade customers to buy a product.
It is highly unlikely that anyone from the majority influence would be swayed by the minority influence, since they already outnumber the minority significantly and they have a strong conviction in their side.
If you do not know how the movie ends, it is likely that the argument from the minority influence will not influence anyone from the majority to change their side. This is because the majority influence is already so strong, and the minority influence is not likely to be persuasive enough to convince them to switch sides.
If you do know how the movie ends, then it is likely that the end of the movie represents the way this kind of thing happens in reality. This is because in reality, majority influence is usually very strong, and minority influence is not always enough to sway the majority to change their opinion. While this movie shows that the argument from the minority influence was able to sway one of the jurors, this is not always the case in real life.
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PLSSLPSLPSLPSLPS HELP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! List and describe two lines of evidence that a giant asteroid impact with Earth caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Together, these lines of evidence provide strong support for the theory that a giant asteroid impact with Earth caused the extinction of the dinosaurs and many other species.
What are asteroids?There are several lines of evidence that support the theory that a giant asteroid impact with Earth caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Here are two of the most compelling lines of evidence:
Geological Evidence: A layer of sediment known as the K-Pg boundary, which marks the end of the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Paleogene period, contains a high concentration of the element iridium. Iridium is rare in the Earth's crust but abundant in asteroids and other extraterrestrial objects. The layer also contains shocked quartz grains and other impact-related features, indicating that an asteroid impact occurred at this time. This layer is found all over the world and is associated with the extinction of many species, including the non-avian dinosaurs. The timing of the asteroid impact, as determined by radiometric dating, matches the timing of the mass extinction event.
Fossil Evidence: Fossil records show that many species, including the non-avian dinosaurs, abruptly disappeared at the end of the Cretaceous period. However, some species that lived in water or underground were less affected, and some species of birds, mammals, and reptiles survived the extinction event. This pattern of extinction is consistent with the catastrophic effects of an asteroid impact, such as a global firestorm, a "nuclear winter" caused by dust and debris blocking out sunlight, and a tsunami caused by the impact in the ocean. Additionally, some fossils show signs of trauma or injuries consistent with the shock waves and other physical effects of an impact event.
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8) The logistic growth function f(t)=320/1+7.0e^-.27t
describes the population of a species of butterflies t months
after they are introduced to a non-threatening habitat. How many butterflies were initially introduced to the
habitat?
A population in biology is a collection of organisms belonging to the same species that coexist and interact in the same habitat. A population might consist of plants, animals, or microbes and can range in size from a few to millions of individuals.
We must utilize the logistic growth function to solve for the starting population (P0) of butterflies with t=0 in order to determine the initial population of butterflies.
[tex]f(t) = 320/1 + 7.0e^(^-^0^.^2^7^t^)[/tex]
When t=0,
[tex]f(0) = 320/1 + 7.0e^(^-^0^.^2^7^*^0)\\f(0) = 320/1 + 7.0e^(^0^)\\f(0) = 320/1 + 7.0(1)\\f(0) = 320 + 7.0 f(0) = 327[/tex]
Therefore, 327 butterflies were the initial population transferred to the area.
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Beginning with plants, how many food chains are present in this web?
A food web is a complex interconnected network of food chains. The number of food chains present in a food web depends on the number of species and the complexity of their interactions.
What is complex?Complex refers to something that is complicated or intricate in structure or composition. It is used to describe something that is not easily understood or solved due to its many parts or components. Complex systems can include anything from the interactions between multiple people, to the complexity of an ecosystem, to the intricate workings of a computer. Complex systems often require multiple levels of analysis and understanding in order to unravel the components and connections within them.
In a basic plant-based food web, there may only be one food chain present, which begins with plants and ends with a primary consumer. However, in a more complex food web, there can be multiple food chains, each beginning with plants and ending with a different consumer.
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Julia made a model of a cell in a clear plastic zipper bag. She used a marble for the nucleus and pinto beans for mitochondria.
Which of the following options would be best for making her model more like a plant cell?
A.
Put the bag inside a clear plastic box.
B.
Take the marble out of the bag.
C.
Put the bag inside a larger clear plastic bag.
D.
Take the pinto beans out of the bag.
What Is a density independent factor that sometimes helps trees reproduce ?
The density independent factor that sometimes helps trees reproduce are windstorm, or landslide.
What are density independent factor?A density-dependent factor can be described as the factor that its effects can be seen on the size or growth of a population which can be related to the population density.
It should be noted that the Density-dependent factors can be seen to ionvolves the biotic factors, such as the food, parasitism, predation, disease howevr the density-independent factor, can be reagrde as the limiting factor, in ecology, which have effect on the size of a population of living things.
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Any know how to number these I keep getting them wrong
The graphic organizer about DNA given in the question is as follows:
1. Hereditary information
2. Genes
3. Histone
4. Condense
5. Double helix
6. Nucleotides
7. Phosphate
8. Adenine
9. Cytosine
Give a brief account on DNA.DNA, abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, is an organic chemical with a complex molecular structure found in the nucleus of all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and many viruses. DNA encodes genetic information to transmit inheritable traits.
Chemical DNA was firstly discovered in 1869, but its role in heredity was not established until 1943. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick, with the help of biophysicists Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins, determined that the structure of DNA is a double-helical polymer. This breakthrough has greatly advanced scientists' understanding of the genetic control of DNA replication and cellular activity.
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The heart is an organ in the circulatory system. Muscle tissue in the heart contracts to pump blood to the body. Connective and epithelial tissues in the heart hold the muscle cells together and in place in the chest. Nervous tissue in the heart coordinates how fast and hard the muscle cells contract.
Based on the information about the heart, which of these best describes the relationship between tissues and organs?
A.
None of the tissues in an organ help the other types of tissue to function.
B.
Organs function best when they are made up of only one type of tissue.
C.
Organs can function because they are made of different types of interacting tissues.
D.
Each type of tissue in an organ can carry out the function of the entire organ.
write a journal entry for an explorer traveling across america before an accurate map was made
The entry in the diary describes the sensation of adventure, amazement, and difficulties experienced by an explorer traversing America without access to precise charts, depending instead on instinct, cunning, and inadequate maps.
Who made the first voyage across North America?We now know that Columbus was not the first, but rather one of the last, explorers to reach the Americas. 500 years before Christopher Columbus, Leif Eriksson and his valiant group of Vikings arrived in North America and established a settlement.
What is the purpose of a logbook from Vasco da Gama's maiden voyage?The journey to India and encounters with various peoples along the shores of Africa and India are described in the paper. It talks about captives, illnesses, plants and animals, titles and occupations, weapons of battle, and nourishment.
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What is the BEST way to identify the external phenotype of an animal?
O A electron microscopy
O B. observation
OC. dissection
OD. DNA analysis
The most accurate method for determining an animal's outward phenotype is observation.
What is a phenotypic example?The term "phenotype" refers to the observable physical characteristics of an organism, such as its structure, course of development, and behaviour. The genotype, or collection of genes that make up an organism, as well as environmental factors that affect these genes, are what determine an organism's phenotype. Among the human phenotypes include height, blood type, eye color, freckles, and hair colour. Height, eye color, and blood type are examples of observable qualities, or phenotype, of a person. The genetic makeup of an individual is called their genotype. The two alleles that a person has inherited for a single gene are referred to by this phrase in more detail. A patient's clinical presentation is the observable manifestation of this genotype, or phenotype.To learn more about phenotype, refer to:
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I need help with question 1
Color-blindness is an sex-linked condition in which the recessive allele located in the X chromosome codes for the affection. 1) sex-linked trait. 2) The allele is in the X sex chromosome. 3) II2, II4, III1, III2, III5 are color-blinded boys.
What is color-blindness?
Color-blindness is a disfunction characterized by an alteration in color perception.
Color-blindness is an X-linked condition. As the gene that codes for the affection is located in the X chromosome,
Homozygous dominant women have normal vision (X⁺X⁺).Heterozygous women are carrier (X⁺X⁻). Homozygous recessive women are color-blinded (X⁻X⁻).Men, instead, are or are not color-blinded (X⁺Y or X⁻Y).
To analyze this pedigree, remember that
women are represented with circles and men with squares.affected individuals are represented with solid black figures, and healthy individuals with empty figures.1)
Color-blindness is a sex-linked trait. We can assume this because only boys in this family are the affected ones, which suggests they received an X⁻ allele from their mothers.
2)
The allele for color-blindness is located in the X sex chromosome. Again, we can assume this because only boys are color-blinded, but not all boys. If the allele was located in the Y chromosome, then all boys would be affected. This is not the case for individual III8.
3)
II2, II4, III1, III2, III5 are all boys affected by color-blindness.
I1 and I2 have normal vision, but they had two affected boys (II2 and II4) and two healthy girls (II3 and II5). This suggests that I1 is heterozygous. So, II2 and II4 inherited the condition from their mother.II1 does not express the condition, and II2 is color-blinded. They had two affected boys (III1 and III2) and a girl with normal vision. Probably the girl received the dominant allele from the mother and the recessive allele from the father. Boys could only receive the recessive allele from their morther. III1 and III2 inherited the condition from their mother.II5 and II6 are both normal individuals. But they had an affected son. The mother (II5) must be heterozygous for the trait, and transmitted a dominant allele to III4, III6, III7, and III8. Only the individual III5 received the recessive allele from his mother.Family genotypes
I1 ⇒ X⁺X⁻I2 ⇒ X⁺YII1 ⇒ X⁺X⁻II2 ⇒ X⁻YIII ⇒ X⁺X⁺ or X⁺X⁻III4 ⇒ X⁻YIII5 ⇒ X⁺X⁻III6 ⇒ X⁺YIII1 ⇒ X⁻YIII2 ⇒ X⁻YIII3 ⇒ X⁺X⁻III4 ⇒ X⁺X⁺ or X⁺X⁻III5 ⇒X⁻YIII6 ⇒ X⁺X⁺ or X⁺X⁻III7 ⇒ X⁺X⁺ or X⁺X⁻III8 ⇒ X⁺YYou can learn more about color-blindness at
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How should food workers
keep garbage cans clean
and free of buildup?
a. Sanitize the cans daily
b. Use plastic liners in the cans
c. Keep food waste in outdoor
dumpsters
d. Apply a pesticide to the bottom of
the cans
Routinely clean trash cans. Put plastic liners inside the cans to stop drips, crumbs, and other filth from accumulating and luring bugs. Never leave full trash bags lying around your business or on the property; always carry them to the nearest skip.
What is the use for plastic liners?Polyethylene liners, often known as poly bin liners, are a type of plastic liner that can be used in a variety of situations. Bulk bags, boxes, and flexible intermediate bulk containers (also known as FIBCs) are all frequently used with them to add an extra lining and layer of protection. Flexible plastic liners made of polyethylene, often known as "poly liners," are created especially to line the interior of flexible intermediate bulk containers (also known as "bulk bags" or "FIBCs"). As a starting point for production, resin for can liners is employed. Low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), and high density polyethylene (HDPE) are the three distinct resin types utilised to make can liners.To learn more about plastic liner, refer to:
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Food workers can keep garbage cans clean and free from buildup by sanitizing the cans daily, using plastic liners in the cans, and moving food waste to outdoor dumpsters. Applying pesticide is not recommended.
Explanation:Food workers can keep garbage cans clean and free from buildup by employing a few practical measures.
Sanitizing the cans daily: This could involve washing the cans with hot soapy water and a brush to remove any residual waste and then applying a sanitizer/disinfectant.Using plastic liners in the cans: This helps to prevent direct contact of waste with the can, reducing chances of buildup and making the cans easier to clean.Moving food waste to outdoor dumpsters: Although this could help in reducing odor and pest problems in food service areas, one should also ensure these outdoor dumpsters are correctly handled and cleaned.Applying pesticide to the cans is not generally recommended as it could potentially contaminate food products if not used properly.
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