Job satisfaction is critical in the workplace. It is essential for creating a positive work environment, reducing employee turnover rates, increasing productivity and customer service, and improving employee health and well-being. Companies that prioritize employee satisfaction are likely to enjoy greater success and higher profits over the long term.
Job satisfaction is a crucial aspect of every workplace. It refers to an employee's overall feeling of contentment with their job, including their duties, salary, and work environment. There are several reasons why job satisfaction is important in the workplace, including:
1. Higher Employee Retention Rates
When employees are satisfied with their jobs, they are more likely to remain with the company for an extended period. High employee turnover rates can be costly to a business, both in terms of money and time spent on recruiting, hiring, and training new employees.
2. Increased Productivity
Employees who are satisfied with their jobs tend to be more productive. When workers are content, they are more likely to be engaged in their work, show up on time, and put in extra effort to complete tasks.
3. Better Customer Service
Satisfied employees are more likely to provide excellent customer service. When employees are happy in their roles, they are more likely to go above and beyond to help customers, resulting in higher customer satisfaction rates and more repeat business.
4. Positive Work Environment
Job satisfaction can help create a positive work environment. When employees are happy at work, they are more likely to work collaboratively with their colleagues, share knowledge, and be supportive of each other.
5. Improved Health and Well-being
Satisfied employees tend to have better physical and mental health. When workers are content with their jobs, they experience less stress, which can reduce the risk of developing health issues such as high blood pressure, depression, and anxiety.
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A company buys an oil rig for $1,000,000 on January 1, 2020. The life of the rig is 10 years and the expected cost to dismantle the rig at the end of 10 years is $200,000 (present value at 10% is $77,110). The appropriate interest rate for the company is 10%. What expenses should be recorded for 2020 as a result of these events? A. Depreciation expense of $107,711 and interest expense of $7,711 B. Depreciation expense of $120,000 C. Depreciation expense of $100,000 and interest expense of $20,000 D. Depreciation expense of $120,000 and interest expense of $7,711
The total expense that should be recorded for 2020 is Depreciation expense of $120,000 and interest expense of $7,711
So, the answer is D.
The expenses that should be recorded for 2020 as a result of these events are Depreciation expense of $120,000 and interest expense of $7,711. Depreciation expense:
The oil rig has a useful life of ten years, therefore, the depreciation expense is calculated by dividing the cost of the rig by its useful life:
$1,000,000/10 = $100,000 per year.
However, the rig is purchased on January 1, therefore only 1/12th of the annual depreciation is to be charged in the year of purchase.
Therefore, depreciation expense for 2020 is $100,000/12 = $8,333
Interest expense: The company has purchased the rig by borrowing $1,000,000 from some lender. The company will be charged an interest rate of 10% per annum on the loan.
Since the rig is purchased on January 1, the company will have the use of the $1,000,000 for the full year of 2020.
Therefore, the interest expense for 2020 is: 10% × $1,000,000 = $100,000.
However, the company has to pay interest on the loan only after one year has passed since the date of loan.
Therefore, the amount that is due for interest in 2020 is $100,000/12 = $8,333.
The total expense that should be recorded for 2020 as a result of these events is therefore, $8,333 + $120,000 = $128,333
Therefore, the correct option is D. Depreciation expense of $120,000 and interest expense of $7,711.
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Perform an internal audit of Apple for the following functions
management, marketing, finance( three financial ratios would be
enough), R&D and operations
Apple Inc. is a multinational technology company with its headquarters in Cupertino, California.
The internal audit of Apple would examine various functions that include management, marketing, finance, research & development, and operations. The audit would provide an in-depth assessment of the company’s operations and its financial ratios.
The following financial ratios would be adequate for the assessment of Apple’s finance function:
Return on assets (ROA)
Return on Equity (ROE)
Gross Profit MarginReturn on Assets (ROA) is a ratio that measures the efficiency of a company’s assets in generating revenue.
Return on Equity (ROE) is a measure of the company’s profitability. Gross profit margin measures the percentage of profit earned by a company after deducting the cost of goods sold from the revenue.
In the research & development function, the audit would assess Apple’s R&D investments in comparison to its competitors to determine its innovation capabilities.
Operations would assess the effectiveness of Apple’s operations management in meeting the company's objectives and targets.
Marketing would assess the effectiveness of Apple’s marketing strategies to meet its marketing objectives. Finally, the audit would assess Apple’s management function to evaluate the effectiveness of the management team in the company’s operations.
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Suppose the price elasticity of demand is inelastic then: A. a 1 percent fall in the price will lead to a higher than 1 percent increase in quantity demanded. B. a 1 percent increase in the price will lead to a lower than 1 percent decrease in quantity demanded. C. a 1 percent fall in the price will lead to a lower than 1 percent decrease in quantity demanded. D. a 1 percent increase in the price will lead to a higher than 1 percent decrease in quantity demanded. E. a 1 percent fall in the price will lead to a 1 percent increase in quantity demanded.
If the price elasticity of demand is inelastic then a 1 percent fall in the price will lead to a lower than 1 percent decrease in quantity demanded. The correct answer is C.
The elasticity of demand is the ratio of the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price. If this ratio is more than 1, then the product is elastic, and if it is less than 1, then the product is inelastic. If the elasticity of demand is inelastic, the percentage change in quantity demanded will be less than the percentage change in price.
That means that if there is a 1 percent fall in the price, the quantity demanded will decrease, but by less than 1 percent. A 1 percent fall in the price will lead to a higher than 1 percent increase in quantity demanded. This statement contradicts the meaning of inelastic demand. The quantity demanded will increase, but by a smaller percentage. B. A 1 percent increase in the price will lead to a lower than 1 percent decrease in quantity demanded. If the elasticity of demand is inelastic, then this statement is true.
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mitchell co. has $3.9 million of debt, $2.5 million of preferred stock, and $3.3 million of common equity. what would be its weight on preferred stock? 0.23 0.34 0.29 0.26
To calculate the weight of preferred stock in Mitchell Co.'s capital structure, we need to determine the proportion of the total capital that is represented by the preferred stock.
The weight of preferred stock is calculated by dividing the value of preferred stock by the sum of all the components of the capital structure (debt, preferred stock, and common equity).
In this case, Mitchell Co. has $2.5 million of preferred stock. The total capital structure is the sum of debt ($3.9 million), preferred stock ($2.5 million), and common equity ($3.3 million), which equals $9.7 million.
Therefore, the weight of preferred stock is $2.5 million / $9.7 million ≈ 0.2588, or approximately 0.26.
Hence, the weight of preferred stock in Mitchell Co.'s capital structure is approximately 0.26 or 26%.
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Concord Corporation had the following selected transactions in the month of March. The company adjusts its accounts monthly.
1. The company has a 6%, $14,000 bank loan payable due in one year. Interest is payable on the first day of each following month and was last paid on March 1.
2. At the end of March, the company earned $250 interest on its investments. The bank deposited this amount in Concord's cash account on April 1.
3 Concord has five employees who each earn $200 a day. Salaries are normally paid on Mondays for work completed Monday through Friday of the previous week. Salaries were last paid on Monday, March 29.
March 31 falls on a Wednesday this year. Salaries will be paid next on Monday, April 5.
At the end of March, the company owed the utility company $500 and the telephone company $180 for services received during the month. These bills were paid on April 10. (Hint: Use the Utilities Expense account for the utility and telephone services) 5 At the end of March, Concord has earned service revenue of $2.980 that it has not yet billed. It bills its clients for this amount on April 4.
Required:
Record the journal entries.
March 31: Debit Interest Expense $70, Credit Interest Payable $70.
March 31: Debit Cash $250, Credit Interest Revenue $250.
March 31: Debit Salaries Expense $1,000, Credit Salaries Payable $1,000.
March 31: Debit Utility Expense $500, Debit Telephone Expense $180, Credit Accounts Payable $680.
March 31: Debit Accounts Receivable $2,980, Credit Service Revenue $2,980.
On March 31, an interest expense of $70 is recorded for the accrued interest on the bank loan ($14,000 * 6% * 1/12).
On March 31, the cash deposit of $250 is recorded as interest revenue earned on investments.
On March 31, salaries expense of $1,000 is recorded for the five employees' daily earnings ($200 * 5 days * 1 week).
On March 31, utility expenses of $500 and telephone expenses of $180 are recorded for services received. Accounts payable of $680 are credited as the bills are not yet paid.
On March 31, service revenue of $2,980 is recorded as the amount earned but not yet billed. Accounts receivable are debited for the revenue.
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34) You short-sell 200 shares of Tuckerton Trading Co., now
selling for $50 per share. What is your maximum possible loss?
Multiple Choice
$50
$150
$10,000
unlimited
When you short-sell, your maximum possible loss is theoretically unlimited. The correct answer is option D: Unlimited.
A short-sell is an investment strategy that involves selling borrowed shares in the hopes of purchasing them back later at a lower price. It's a strategy used by investors who believe the price of a stock will decline.Short-selling is usually a risky strategy because it entails selling shares that the investor doesn't actually own. If the price of the stock rises, the investor must purchase the shares at the higher price to close out their position. This implies that the maximum loss is unlimited.On the other hand, the maximum gain on a short-sale is limited to the amount of money you receive when you sell the shares.
As a result, the potential for loss is much greater than the potential for gain. In this case, if you short-sell 200 shares of Tuckerton Trading Co. at $50 per share, your maximum possible loss is theoretically unlimited.
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Which allowable deduction can be claimed in arriving at an individual’s adjusted gross income?
The allowable deductions that can be claimed in arriving at an individual’s adjusted gross income are standard deduction and itemized deductions. Standard deduction is the amount the Internal Revenue Service allows taxpayers to deduct from their taxable income based on their filing status.
Itemized deductions are deductions that can be claimed based on specific expenses, such as medical expenses, state and local taxes, mortgage interest, and charitable donations.
In most cases, taxpayers choose between the standard deduction and itemized deductions to reduce their taxable income.
The adjusted gross income (AGI) is the amount of an individual's gross income that is used to determine how much they owe in taxes. Deductions are subtracted from gross income to calculate AGI. The deductions are usually allowed by the IRS to encourage individuals to invest in specific expenses or take advantage of certain tax benefits.
Standard deduction is a fixed amount that can be deducted from an individual's AGI based on their filing status. The IRS establishes standard deduction each year. Standard deduction is taken by most taxpayers because it is usually easier and less time-consuming than itemizing deductions.
The standard deduction for 2020 tax returns is $12,400 for single taxpayers and $24,800 for married couples filing jointly. Itemized deductions are specific expenses that can be claimed by a taxpayer to lower their AGI. Some of the itemized deductions include mortgage interest, state and local taxes, charitable contributions, medical expenses, and casualty losses. Itemized deductions are usually for taxpayers who have a lot of expenses to claim that are not covered by the standard deduction. However, the taxpayer must have records or receipts of their expenses to claim itemized deductions.
The allowable deductions that can be claimed in arriving at an individual’s adjusted gross income are standard deduction and itemized deductions. Standard deduction is a fixed amount that can be deducted from an individual's AGI based on their filing status while itemized deductions are specific expenses that can be claimed by a taxpayer to lower their AGI.
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Five years ago, $12, 000 was deposited into a savings account that provides an interest of 6.5% compounded annually. If a uniform amount of $3, 000 was withdrawn yearly starting at the end of the first year after the initial deposit was made, how much money can still be withdrawn now?
The amount of $13,128.38 can still be withdrawn with an uniform withdrawal of $ 3000 and initial deposit of $ 12,000 for 5 years.
The initial deposit of $12,000 made 5 year ago grew at 6.5% compounded annually, so the balance at the end of 5 years is:
Initial deposit (P) = $12,000 (Given)
Rate of interest (r) = 6.5 % or 0.065 (Given)
Time period (t) = 5 years
[tex]A=P (1+\frac{r}{100})^{t}[/tex]
= 12,000 (1+0.065)⁵
= $ 16,547.51
Uniform withdrawal of $3,000 was first made at the end of the first year, so the balance at the end of the first year will be:
Balance at the end of first year = $16,547.51 - $3,000
= $13,547.51
The remaining balance of $13,547.51 grew at 6.5% compounded annually for 4 years:
$13,547.51 x (1 + 0.065)⁴
= $16,128.38
Total amount that can still be withdrawn is:
$16,128.38 - $3,000
= $13,128.38
Therefore, amount of $13,128.32 can still be withdrawn now.
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DISCUSS
three (3)
main differences between the money market and the capital
market.
The three main differences between the money market and the capital market are as follows:1. Security types. 2. Risk.
3. Liquidity.
The three main differences between the money market and the capital market are as follows:
1. Security types: The capital market is a type of financial market where debt securities, stocks, and other financial instruments with long-term maturities are traded. In contrast, the money market deals in short-term debt instruments like Treasury bills and commercial paper.
2. Risk: The money market is less risky than the capital market. In the money market, short-term debt instruments are available for a shorter time and are less exposed to default risk. However, capital markets are more exposed to credit risk, which is the risk of default on a debt obligation.
3. Liquidity: Money market securities are more liquid than capital market securities. Since most of the money market instruments have a short maturity period, they have a high degree of liquidity.
On the other hand, capital market securities have longer maturities, and therefore, they are less liquid compared to money market securities.
In conclusion, these are the three significant differences between the money market and the capital market.
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From a power station a constant electric current( 1 )of 1000 amperes is transmitted (All round the Year) through a specific length (length is 1 KM of wire )and a width of Cross section of w0,3 m).Compute the optimal annual equivalent cost (AEC) of the copper wire. Is the op;L, MGFDtimal value corresponding to maxima (or) minima. The resistance of the wire(R) is equal to 10*w-1 ohms. The energy losses associated with the copper wire is equivalent to 0,00112 *(r) * (t).(Tis operating time in hours). The salvage life of the wire is 20 years, the cost price of the copper is 100 Riyal/kg. and the salvage value of the material wire is 10 Riyal/kg.The energy cost is 0.10 Riyal per KWH. Assume the cross section of the wire is a square, the interest rate is 15% and the density of the copper is 10000 kg/m^3
To compute the optimal annual equivalent cost (AEC) of the copper wire, we need to consider the costs and salvage value associated with the wire over its lifespan. Here's the step-by-step calculation:
1. Calculate the weight of the wire:
Cross-sectional area = width * length = 0.3 m * 1000 m = 300 m^2Volume of the wire = cross-sectional area * length = 300 m^2 * 1000 m = 300,000 m^3Weight of the wire = volume * density = 300,000 m^3 * 10,000 kg/m^3 = 3,000,000,000 kg2. Calculate the cost of the copper:
Cost of copper = weight of wire * cost price of copper = 3,000,000,000 kg * 100 Riyal/kg = 300,000,000,000 Riyal3. Calculate the salvage value of the copper:
Salvage value of copper = weight of wire * salvage value of copper = 3,000,000,000 kg * 10 Riyal/kg = 30,000,000,000 Riyal4. Calculate the annual energy losses:
Energy losses = 0.00112 * resistance * operating timeResistance = 10 * width^-1 = 10 * (0.3)^-1 = 33.33 ohmsEnergy losses = 0.00112 * 33.33 ohms * t (t is the operating time in hours)5. Calculate the annual energy cost:
Energy cost = energy losses * energy cost per KWHAssuming the energy cost per KWH is 0.10 Riyal, the annual energy cost = 0.10 Riyal/KWH * energy losses6. Calculate the total cost over the salvage life:
Total cost = cost of copper - salvage value of copper + present value of annual energy costTo calculate the present value of the annual energy cost, we need to discount it over the salvage life using the interest rate. Assuming the interest rate is 15%:
Present value of annual energy cost = annual energy cost * (1 - (1 + interest rate)^(-salvage life)) / interest rate7. Calculate the AEC:
AEC = total cost / present value factorThe present value factor can be calculated as follows:Present value factor = (1 - (1 + interest rate)^(-salvage life)) / interest rateThe resulting AEC value will indicate the optimal annual equivalent cost of the copper wire. To determine if it corresponds to a maximum or minimum, additional analysis and comparison with alternative scenarios would be necessary.
About valueThe term in mathematics, the meaning of value is a numerical amount denoted by algebraic terms, quantities, quantities, or numbers.
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Which of the following statements is CORRECT? a. Using bonus depreciation rather than straight line depreciation normally has the effect of delaying the receipt of depreciation cash flows and thus reducing a project's forecasted NPV. b. Corporations must use the same depreciation method for both stockholder reporting and tax purposes. c. Since depreciation is a cash expense, the faster an asset is depreciated, the lower the projected NPV from Investing in the asset. d. Under current laws and regulations, corporations must use straight line depreciation for all assets whose lives are 5 years or longer. e. Using bonus depreciation rather than straight line depreciation normally has the effect of receiving depreciation cash flows immediately and thus increasing a project's forecasted NPV,
The correct statement among the following options is the one that reads:Using bonus depreciation rather than straight line depreciation normally has the effect of receiving depreciation cash flows immediately and thus increasing a project's forecasted NPV.
So, the answer is A.
Depreciation refers to the systematic allocation of the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life. Depreciation helps in reducing the book value of assets over time. It is important to note that the method of depreciation selected by an organization has a direct impact on its financial statements and NPV (net present value).
Hence, the answer of the question is A
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Calculate the maturity value of $1,650 made monthly for four
years at the beginning of each month. Assume interest earns 3.8%
compounded monthly.
The maturity value of $1,650 made monthly for four years at the beginning of each month, assuming an interest rate of 3.8% compounded monthly, is approximately $73,295.68.
Step 1: Convert the annual interest rate to a monthly interest rate.
Monthly interest rate = (1 + Annual interest rate)^(1/12) - 1
= (1 + 0.0[tex]38)^{(1/12)[/tex] - 1
= 0.00314 (rounded to 5 decimal places)
Step 2: Calculate the total number of monthly deposits made.
Total number of monthly deposits = 4 years * 12 months/year
= 48 months
Step 3: Calculate the maturity value using the future value of an ordinary annuity formula:
Maturity value = Monthly deposit * [(1 + Monthly interest rate)^Total number of monthly deposits - 1] / Monthly interest rate
= $1,650 * [(1 + 0.003[tex]14)^{48[/tex] - 1] / 0.00314
= $73,295.68 (rounded to 2 decimal places)
Therefore, the maturity value of $1,650 made monthly for four years at the beginning of each month, with a 3.8% compounded monthly interest rate, is approximately $73,295.68.
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Manon works for Torch Trading in Alberta and has received an increase of 7% that was effective 3 pay periods prior. Her earings, prior to the increase, were $1,000.00 paid on a semi monthly basis. The current semi-monthly payroll has already been processed based on Manon's new pay period earnings the retroactive amount will be paid on a separate cheque Manon's pay period earnings are the same as her net taxable income. Her federal and provincial TD1 claims codes are 1. Calculate the income taxes on the retroactive amount
The income taxes on the retroactive amount is $17.50.
As given,
Manon's salary before the increase = $1,000.00
Manon received a 7% raise effective 3 pay periods prior, so the current salary is calculated using the formula:
Current salary = Previous salary + Increase in salary
Current salary = $1,000.00 + (7/100) * $1,000.00 = $1,070.00
Manon's pay period earnings are equal to her net taxable income, which means that there are no other deductions taken from her paycheck.
TD1 claims codes for Manon are 1.
Using the Federal tax tables (for 2021), the amount of tax on $70 is calculated as follows:
Base tax = $0.00
Plus 15% on amount up to $49,020 = 0.15 * $70.00 = $10.50
Therefore, the federal income tax on $70 is $10.50.
Using the Provincial tax tables (for Alberta, 2021), the amount of tax on $70 is calculated as follows:
Base tax = $0.00Plus 10% on amount up to $131,220 = 0.10 * $70.00 = $7.00
Therefore, the provincial income tax on $70 is $7.00.
The total amount of tax on $70 is: $10.50 + $7.00 = $17.50
Therefore, the income taxes on the retroactive amount is $17.50.
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6. Which market structure gives more consumer surplus, Cournot (simultaneous) or Stackelberg (sequential)? Explain your answer. 10 points
The Stackelberg model yields more consumer surplus than the Cournot model, according to economic theory. Consumer surplus is the additional utility or satisfaction that consumers obtain from purchasing a product or service at a lower price than they would be willing to pay.
In economics, there are various market structures that impact the consumer surplus. A market structure is an economic model that explains how supply and demand interact in a given market. Market structures range from perfectly competitive markets to monopolies, and each structure impacts consumer surplus in various ways.
There are two types of non-collusive oligopoly, Stackelberg and Cournot, which are frequently analyzed. Stackelberg's model is a sequential game, in which one player (the leader) chooses a production level first, followed by the other player (the follower).
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of the following statements, which is accurate regarding and its sponsored links? the payment involved is not performance-based. the amount that an advertiser owes for each click-through is set by the iab. as in the case of banner ads, advertisers pay just for being included in the search results. the advertisers pay only when a search engine user clicks on the link and visits the sponsor's site. the amount that an advertiser owes for each click-through is set by .
The accurate statement regarding sponsored links and its payment method is that "the advertisers pay only when a search engine user clicks on the link and visits the sponsor's site.
"Unlike banner ads, advertisers pay just for being included in the search results. The payment involved is not performance-based. The amount that an advertiser owes for each click-through is set by the advertiser and not the IAB (Internet Advertising Bureau).Advertises bid on the keywords they think their potential customers would enter while searching for a particular product or service.
The higher the bid, the higher the position of the ad in the sponsored search results. They then create ads that are displayed on search engine results pages (SERP) when someone enters that keyword into the search engine. Advertisers pay only when a search engine user clicks on the link and visits the sponsor's site.Sponsored search ads are usually sold through an auction-based model.
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Selected comparative statement data for Zippo Products Company are presented below. All balance sheet data are as at December 31. 2021 2020 Net sales $800,000 Cost of goods sold 480,000 Interest expense 7,000 Net income 60,000 Accounts receivable 120,000 100,000 Inventory 85,000 75,000 Total assets 600,000 500,000 Total common stockholders' equity 430,000 320,000 In the year 2021, the average selling price per unit has been increased from $200 to $210. On May 2021, the company issued shares of $100,000 at par. The proceeds were used to pay off bank loans outstanding. Average period given by Zippo Products Company to its customers: 40 days. The ratios of Zippo Products Company for year 2020 are: Profit margin. 7.35% Asset turnover. 1.8333 Return on assets. 13.5% Return on common stockholders' equity. 18% Average collection period 41 days Days in inventories 45 days Debt to assets ratio 34.25% Times interest earned 8.85 Requirements: (1) Compute the following ratios for 2021: (a) Profit margin. (b) Asset turnover. (c) Return on assets. (d) Return on common stockholders' equity. (e) Average collection period (f) Days in inventories (g) Debt to assets ratio (h) Times interest earned. (8 marks) (2) Based upon the answer to (1) above, compare and analyse the performance of the company in year 2021 versus the previous year, in term of (a) Profitability (6 marks) (b) Liquidity (3 marks) (c ) Solvency
Calculation of ratios for Zippo Products Company for the year 2021: Ratios Formula Result
(a) Profit margin Net income / Net sales60,000 / 800,000 = 7.5%
(b) Asset turnover Net sales / Total assets800,000 / 600,000 = 1.33
(c) Return on assets Net income / Total assets60,000 / 600,000 = 10%
(d) Return on common stockholders' equity Net income / Total common stockholders' equity60,000 / 430,000 = 13.95%
(e) Average collection period Accounts receivable / (Net sales / 365)120,000 / (800,000 / 365) = 54.375 days
(f) Days in inventories Inventory / (Cost of goods sold / 365)85,000 / (480,000 / 365) = 64.13 days
(g) Debt to assets ratio Total liabilities / Total assets = (170,000 / 600,000) = 28.33%
(h) Times interest earned Net income + Interest expense / Interest expense60,000 + 7,000 / 7,000 = 9.57
The performance of the company in the year 2021 compared to the previous year in terms of profitability, liquidity, and solvency: Profitability Profit margin increased from 7.35% in 2020 to 7.5% in 2021, indicating the company's improved profitability. Liquidity The average collection period increased from 41 days in 2020 to 54.375 days in 2021. Days in inventories increased from 45 days in 2020 to 64.13 days in 2021, indicating that the company is taking longer to collect its receivables and sell its inventory, respectively. Solvency The debt to assets ratio decreased from 34.25% in 2020 to 28.33% in 2021. Times interest earned increased from 8.85 in 2020 to 9.57 in 2021, indicating that the company is in a better position to pay its debts and interest expenses.
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Suppose there are two duopoly firms that compete in one period only. The market demand function is P = 1 – Q. Marginal cost = c and is the same for both firms.
i) If the firms compete in price, determine the equilibrium price and output for each firm.
ii) In your opinion, is the outcome as in your answer in part i) is expected in the
real world? Explain.
i) The equilibrium price is 1/2, and the equilibrium output for Firm 1 is 1/3, while the equilibrium output for Firm 2 is 1/6.
ii) In the real world, the outcome as described in part i) may not always be expected.
i) If the duopoly firms compete in price, we can determine the equilibrium price and output for each firm using the Cournot-Nash equilibrium concept.
In this case, we have two firms, so each firm's decision will affect the other firm's profit. Let's assume the firms are labeled as Firm 1 and Firm 2.
Determine the Reaction Function:
Each firm will try to maximize its profit by considering the other firm's behavior. The reaction function shows how each firm's quantity choice depends on the other firm's quantity choice.
Since the firms compete in price, we can express the reaction function in terms of quantity (Q) as follows:
For Firm 1:
Q1 = (1 - Q2) / 2
For Firm 2:
Q2 = (1 - Q1) / 2
Equate the Reaction Functions to find the Equilibrium:
To find the equilibrium, we set the reaction functions equal to each other and solve for the quantity:
Q1 = (1 - Q1) / 2
Simplifying the equation:
2Q1 = 1 - Q1
3Q1 = 1
Q1 = 1/3
Substituting Q1 into either of the reaction functions, we can find Q2:
Q2 = (1 - 1/3) / 2
Q2 = 1/6
Calculate the Equilibrium Price:
Since the market demand function is P = 1 - Q, we can substitute the equilibrium quantity (Q1 + Q2) into the demand function to find the equilibrium price (P):
P = 1 - (1/3 + 1/6)
P = 1 - 1/2
P = 1/2
Therefore, the equilibrium price is 1/2, and the equilibrium output for Firm 1 is 1/3, while the equilibrium output for Firm 2 is 1/6.
ii) In the real world, the outcome as described in part i) may not always be expected. The assumptions made in the Cournot-Nash equilibrium model, such as perfect competition and symmetric firms, may not hold in reality. There are several factors that can affect the outcome in the real world, including market power, product differentiation, strategic behavior, and market dynamics.
In practice, firms may employ various strategies beyond simple price competition, such as product differentiation, advertising, and innovation, to gain a competitive advantage. Additionally, the market demand function may be influenced by factors like consumer preferences, substitutes, and complements, which can further complicate the equilibrium outcome.
Overall, while the Cournot-Nash equilibrium provides valuable insights into strategic interactions between firms, the real world is often more complex, and the outcome may deviate from the simple model predictions due to various market dynamics and strategic considerations.
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A company buys an oil ng for $1,000,000 on January 1, 2020. The life of the rig is 10 years and the expected cost to dismantle the ng at the end of 10 years is $200,000 (present value at 10% is $77,110) The appropriate interest rate for the company is 10%. What expenses should be recorded for 2020 as a result of these events?
OA Depreciation expense of $107,711 and interest expense of $7,711.
OB Depreciation expense of $100,000 and interest expense of $20,000
Oc. Depreciation expense of $120,000 and interest expense of $7,711
OD. Depreciation expense of $120,000
The expenses that should be recorded for 2020 as a result of these events are option A: Depreciation expense of $107,711 and interest expense of $7,711.
To determine the depreciation expense, we can use the straight-line depreciation method. The depreciable cost of the oil rig is $1,000,000 - $200,000 (residual value) = $800,000. Dividing this by the life of the rig (10 years), we get an annual depreciation expense of $80,000. However, since the company uses a 10% interest rate, we need to calculate the present value of the depreciation expense, which is $107,711.
As for the interest expense, it is calculated based on the interest rate and the remaining book value of the rig. In the first year, the book value is $1,000,000, so the interest expense is $1,000,000 * 10% = $100,000. However, the present value of this interest expense is $7,711.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A: Depreciation expense of $107,711 and interest expense of $7,711.
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The curve showing the short-run relationship between the ________ and the ________ is called the Phillips curve.
Choix de groupe de réponses
nominal interest rate; real interest rate
price level; real GDP
exchange rate; real interest rate
unemployment rate; inflation rate
The Phillips curve denotes the short-run relationship between the d. unemployment rate and the inflation rate.
The Phillips curve is an economic hypothesis that states that unemployment and inflation have a constant and inverse connection. It was developed by William Phillips and asserts that economic expansion leads to inflation, which leads to more jobs and decreased unemployment.
Because to the occurrence of stagflation in the 1970s, when there were high levels of both inflation and unemployment, the original notion of the Phillips curve has been somewhat disproven.
The Phillips curve notion asserts that changes in unemployment within an economy have a predictable influence on price inflation. The inverse link between unemployment and inflation is displayed as a concave, downward sloping curve, with inflation on the Y-axis and unemployment on the X-axis.
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Suppose the market demand and supply curves are as given below. In each case, quantity refers to millions of litres of gasoline per month; price is the price per litre (in cents). Demand: P = 350 - 24Q" Supply: P = 140 + 4QS + Given these demand and supply equations, the equilibrium price is 170 cents and the equilibrium quantity is 7.5 million litres. Suppose the government imposes a tax per litre, and as a result the quantity sold is 6.0 million litres. What is the new "consumer price" and what is the new "producer price"? The new price consumers pay is 206 cents. (Enter your response rounded to the nearest cent.) The new price producers receive is cents. (Enter your response rounded to the nearest cent.)
Based on demand and supply equations where the equilibrium price is 170 cents and the equilibrium quantity is 7.5 million liters, the new consumer price will be 206 cents and the new price producers receive is 111 cents.
New Consumer Price:First, let us determine the new equilibrium quantity when the tax is imposed. The tax reduces the supply of gasoline. Thus the new supply equation becomes:
P = 140 + 4(QS − Qt)
where Qt is the amount of the tax, 12 cents per liter in this case.
Equilibrium quantity when the tax is imposed can be found out by setting the quantity demanded equal to quantity supplied.
P = 350 − 24Q350 − 24Q = 140 + 4(QS − 12)
Solving for Q, we get:Q = 7.125 million liters
The new consumer price is given by the demand equation:
P = 350 - 24Q = 350 - 24(7.125) = 169.50 cents per liter
Thus the new price consumers pay is 206 cents (the original price plus the tax of 12 cents).
New Producer Price:The new producer price is given by the supply equation:
P = 140 + 4(QS - 12) = 140 + 4(7.125 - 12) = 111 cents per liter
Hence, the new price producers receive is 111 cents.
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Listed property includes: a. Ambulances, hearses, taxis, school buses, and marked police and fire vehicles. b. Computers used exclusively at a regular business establishment and owned or leased by the person operating the business. c. Passenger automobiles weighing 6,000 pounds or less. d. Video-recording equipment used exclusively in a taxpayer's business.
Passenger automobiles weighing 6,000 pounds or less are considered listed property and Video-recording equipment used exclusively in a taxpayer’s business is considered listed property Option C and D are correct.
A specific type of depreciable asset that is subject to special tax rules if it is used predominantly for business purposes is known as Listed property. An asset must be used for business purposes no less than 50% of the time then it is considered a listed property.
According to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the listed property includes:
Automobiles weighing less than 6,000 pounds, excluding ambulances, hearses, and trucks or vans qualified nonpersonal use vehicles.Other property used for transportation purposes including trucks, buses, boats, airplanes, motorcycles, and other vehicles used to transport persons or goods.Properties are used for entertainment, recreation, or amusement.Computers and related peripheral equipment placed in service before January 1, 2018, unless used only at a regular business establishment and owned or leased by the person operating the establishment
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If the multiplier in an economy is 2, a $20 billion increase in net exports will
Multiple Choice
a. increase GDP by $40 billion.
b. reduce GDP by $10 billion.
c. decrease GDP by $40 billion.
d. increase GDP by $20 billion.
With an economy multiplier of 2, a $20 billion increase in net exports would increase GDP by $40 billion.
Option a is correct .
If the economy has a multiplier of 2 and net exports increase by $20 billion, the impact on GDP can be calculated using the multiplier effect.
The formula for calculating the multiplier effect is:
Multiplier = 1 / (1 - MPC)
where MPC is the marginal propensity to consume.
The multiplier is given as 2, so we can substitute this value into the equation.
2 = 1 / (1 - MPCs)
Solve with MPC:
1 - MPC = 1/2
MPC = 1 - 1/2
MPC = 1/2
The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 1/2.
Now multiply the change in net exports by a multiplier to calculate the impact on GDP.
Change in GDP = Change in Net Exports * Multiplier
Change in GDP = $20 billion * 2
Change in GDP = $40 billion
Hence, Option a is correct .
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A company considers producing a component of car's engine with two alternative designs. The component is sold for 10$ each. Either design will serve equally well and will involve the same material and manufacturing cost except for the lathe and drill operations. Design A will require 14 hours of lathe time and 6 hours of drill time per 1000 units. Design B will require 8 hours of lathe time and 11 hours of drill time per 1000 units. The variable operating cost of the lathe, including labor, is $20.6 per hour. The variable operating cost of the drill, including labor, is $19.1 per hour. There is a sunk cost of $2000 for Design A and $9000 for Design B due to obsolete tooling. a. Which design should be adopted if 216000 units are sold each year. b. What is the annual saving over the other design?
a. Design B should be adopted if 216000 units are sold each year. b. The annual saving over the other design is $19,200.
The company needs to calculate the total cost incurred in producing 216000 units of each design. Therefore, the company needs to calculate the lathe and drill operating cost of each design. Design A Lathe operating cost for 216000 units = 14 hours × 216 lathe hours × $20.6 per hour = $62208Drill operating cost for 216000 units = 6 hours × 216 drill hours × $19.1 per hour = $14692Total cost = Material cost + Labor cost + Operating cost + Sunk cost= (216 × $10) + $62208 + $14692 + $2000= $24880Design B Lathe operating cost for 216000 units = 8 hours × 216 lathe hours × $20.6 per hour = $35712Drill operating cost for 216000 units = 11 hours × 216 drill hours × $19.1 per hour = $45012Total cost = Material cost + Labor cost + Operating cost + Sunk cost= (216 × $10) + $35712 + $45012 + $9000= $90504Thus, design B should be adopted because it has a lower total cost than design A. The annual saving over the other design is the difference between the total cost of design A and design B. Therefore, the annual saving over the other design is $24,880 - $90504 = $19,200.
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Which of the following statements is correct? 1. Research is pointless if an organization lacks the resources (maney, time, and stamf to follow up cen rrearch resits) II. Stakeholders must look at a proposed research project with an open mind if the research project is be successful. None of the statements Statement II Both statements Statement!
Neither of the given statements is correct for the importance and considerations of research within an organization or project. Option C is the correct answer.
Statement I suggests that research is pointless if an organization lacks the resources to follow up on research results. While it is true that limited resources can pose challenges to implementing research findings, it does not render research itself pointless. Research can still provide valuable insights and knowledge that may be utilized in the future when resources become available. Therefore, a statement I is incorrect.
Statement II suggests that stakeholders must look at a proposed research project with an open mind for it to be successful. While having an open mind can certainly contribute to the success of a research project, it is not the sole determinant. The success of a research project depends on various factors, such as the quality of the research design, methodology, data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Therefore, statement II is incorrect.
Since both statements are incorrect, the correct answer is: None of the statements.
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A customer buys 1 ABC Jan 35 put for a premium of $3 and simultaneously buys 100 shares of ABC stock for $35 per share. The customer will break even when the stock is selling at what price per share at expiration?
A) $3
B) $32
C) $35
D) $38
The customer will break even when the stock is selling at approximately $35.3 per share at expiration. (Option C).
How to Solve the Problem?To determine a consumer's break-even price, we must evaluate the combined cost of the put option and the stock.
The customer pays a premium of $3 for 1 ABC Jan 35 put, hence the cost of the put option is $3.
Simultaneously, the customer buys 100 shares of ABC stock for $35 per share, for a total expenditure of $3500.
The total cost of the put option and the stock must be recovered to break even. As a result, the break-even price per share can be determined as follows:
Break-even price per share = (Cost of put option + Cost of stock) / Number of shares
Break-even price per share = ($3 + $3500) / 100
Break-even price per share = $353 / 100
Break-even price per share = $35.3
So, the customer will break even when the stock is selling at approximately $35.3 per share at expiration.
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what are 2 benefits of the proadvisor preferred pricing program?
The ProAdvisor Preferred Pricing program is a program offered by Intuit, the company behind QuickBooks, to provide benefits to certified ProAdvisors who are QuickBooks experts. Two benefits of the ProAdvisor Preferred Pricing program are:
1. Discounted software and services: ProAdvisors enrolled in the program can receive discounted pricing on QuickBooks software and other Intuit products. This allows them to access the necessary tools and resources at a lower cost, which can be beneficial for their own businesses as well as their clients.
2. Enhanced support and training: The program offers ProAdvisors access to exclusive training materials, webinars, and support resources. This helps ProAdvisors stay updated on the latest features and functionalities of QuickBooks, enabling them to provide better support and guidance to their clients. The enhanced support and training can help ProAdvisors improve their knowledge and skills, ultimately benefiting their clients and their own professional growth.
These benefits help ProAdvisors in their role as trusted advisors for small businesses, allowing them to provide better services and support while also managing their own business operations more efficiently.
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suppose the price elasticity of demand for oranges is 1.8. if a fall frost destroys one-third of the nation's orange crop, how will that affect total revenue from oranges, all other things unchanged?
Total revenue from oranges will increase as a result of the fall frost, assuming a price elasticity of demand of [tex]1.8[/tex].
If the price elasticity of demand for oranges is [tex]1.8[/tex], a fall frost destroying one-third of the nation's orange crop will have the following effect on total revenue from oranges: Total revenue will increase.When the price elasticity of demand is greater than 1 (as in this case), a decrease in supply leads to a proportionally larger increase in price. As a result, the increase in price outweighs the decrease in quantity demanded, leading to an increase in total revenue.Since one-third of the orange crop is destroyed, the supply of oranges decreases. As a result, the price of oranges will likely increase. However, the increase in price will not be proportional to the decrease in quantity demanded. Instead, it will be greater due to the elasticity of demand being 1.8.The exact impact on total revenue cannot be determined without knowing specific values for the initial price and quantity of oranges, as well as the shape of the demand curve. However, given the price elasticity of demand of 1.8, we can conclude that total revenue from oranges will increase as a result of the fall frost.In conclusion, a fall frost destroying one-third of the nation's orange crop will lead to an increase in total revenue from oranges, considering a price elasticity of demand of 1.8.
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Accounting standards for Private Enterprises (ASPE) are geared towards fewer users who have access to additional information about the company. Although IFRS is not required for private enterprises, give a reason why a private company might choose to voluntarily adopt IFRS.
Accounting standards for Private Enterprises (ASPE) are geared towards fewer users who have access to additional information about the company.
Although IFRS is not required for private enterprises, a private company might choose to voluntarily adopt IFRS due to the following reasons: Adopting IFRS might help in attracting foreign investors as it’s an international accounting standard and has a strong global reputation. IFRS allows for easier comparison of financial statements with other global businesses. This increases the company's access to international capital markets and opportunities for raising capital from global investors.
IFRS provides companies with detailed guidance on complex accounting issues, ensuring that financial statements are accurate and consistent. IFRS provides a more comprehensive view of the company's financial position, performance, and cash flows, improving the credibility of the company's financial statements. IFRS requires a deeper understanding of the financial statements and financial reporting, providing more meaningful insights for the company's management and the stakeholders involved.
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If you deposit today 11,445.85 in an account earning 8% compound interest, for how long should you invest the money in order to earn 12,488.36 (profit)?
You should invest the money for approximately 9.89 years to earn a profit of $12,488.36.
To determine the time required to earn a specific profit from a compound interest investment, we can use the formula for compound interest:
[tex]A = P(1 + r/n)^{(nt)[/tex]
Where:
A = Total amount after time t
P = Principal amount (initial deposit)
r = Annual interest rate (as a decimal)
n = Number of times interest is compounded per year
t = Time (in years)
In this case, we need to find the time required to earn a profit of $12,488.36, so the total amount (A) would be the initial deposit plus the profit:
A = P + Profit
A = 11,445.85 + 12,488.36
A = 23,934.21
We can rearrange the formula to solve for time (t):
t = (log(A/P)) / (n * log(1 + r/n))
Using the given information:
P = 11,445.85
A = 23,934.21
r = 8% = 0.08
n = 1 (interest compounded annually)
t = (log(23,934.21/11,445.85)) / (1 * log(1 + 0.08/1))
t = (log(2.089689)) / (log(1.08))
t ≈ 9.89 years
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Which of the following bonds may be purchased at the cheapest price? O A 5% bond yielding 3% O A 5% bond yielding 7% OA 7% bond yielding 4% OA 6% bond yielding 6%
The bond that can be purchased at the cheapest price is the 7% bond yielding 4%
What is a bond?
A bond is a financial instrument that is utilized by businesses and governments to borrow money from the public. In general, bonds are financial instruments issued by corporations, municipalities, and governments to borrow money from the public. A bond is a type of debt security that pays interest to investors. The investor in a bond is basically lending money to the issuer and will receive interest payments over the life of the bond. There are four different types of bonds: fixed-rate bonds, floating-rate bonds, convertible bonds, and high-yield bonds. Fixed-rate bonds have a set rate of interest throughout the bond's term. The interest rate for floating-rate bonds is adjusted periodically depending on a benchmark interest rate such as the LIBOR. Convertible bonds are bonds that can be converted into common stock at the holder's option. High-yield bonds are issued by companies with lower credit ratings, offering higher interest rates to compensate for their riskiness. The answer to the question is the 7% bond yielding 4%.
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