Proximate, mechanistic terms best describe the class of questions that Insel and young were addressing when they studied the effect of antidiuretic hormone.
The occurrence that is nearest to or directly accountable for the impact observed is known as the proximate cause. On the other hand, the "actual" cause of an event is sometimes seen as a more significant ultimate cause (also known as a distal cause).
The physiology of behavior is the mechanism. This was referred to as "causation" by Tinbergen. These are the mechanical explanations for the operation of particular physiological traits in animals and how those traits affect behavior. Identifying the hormones and neurotransmitters that affect behavior is one way to do this.
The study of ontogeny examines how behavior changes throughout an animal's lifetime. The word "innate" does not mean "taught," but rather "naturally occurring."
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the dna-binding proteins of almost all regulatory proteins use one of a small set of shapes that enable them to fit into the dna major groove. these shapes are called multiple choice dna prints. repressors. structural motifs. transcriptional domains. fingerprints.
DNA-binding proteins, almost all regulatory proteins, use one of a small group of shapes that allow them to fit into the major groove of DNA and is called as structural motifs
Structural motifs are short segments of the 3D structure of proteins in which the sequences are spatially contiguous but not necessarily contiguous. Structural motifs may be conserved in many different proteins (10). Their role is structural or functional. In proteins, structural motifs represent connections between secondary structural elements. A single motif usually consists of several elements. B. Only three "Helix-Turn-Helix" motifs. All proteins are composed of basic secondary structural units, either α-helices or β-sheets, determined by hydrogen bonding between amino acids within the peptide chain. At larger scales, structures are formed by combinations of these secondary structures, which can form super-secondary structures called 'motifs'.
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Pick a natural disaster, research the disaster, write 3-5 sentences where, when, casualties and name of disaster.
help :( i need this asap 33 i'll give brainly for best answer,, /33
Answer: Hurricane.
Explanation:
The official hurricane season for the Atlantic basin is from June 1 to November 30, but tropical cyclone activity sometimes occurs before and after these dates, respectively. The peak of the Atlantic hurricane season is September 10, with most activity occurring between mid-August and mid-October.The destructive power of storm surge and large battering waves can result in loss of life, buildings destroyed, beach and dune erosion and road and bridge damage along the coast. Storm surge can travel several miles inland. In estuaries and bayous, salt water intrusion endangers public health and the environment.A hurricane can last for 2 weeks or more over open water and can run a path across the entire length of the Eastern Seaboard. The 74 to 160 mile per hour winds of a hurricane can extend inland for hundreds of miles. Tropical storms and hurricanes most frequently occur off the Southeast and mid-Atlantic coasts, but they can also roam the Atlantic Basin anywhere between the northern Bahamas and Atlantic Canada, in the Gulf of Mexico, the eastern Caribbean Sea and the western tropical Atlantic (to the east of the Lesser Antilles).
The Galveston hurricane of 1900, the deadliest natural disaster in U.S. history, crashed ashore much like Hurricane Ian did last week. As a large Category 4 with 150 mph winds, it shoved Gulf of Mexico waters deep into the booming port city. A typical hurricane can dump 6 inches to a foot of rain across a region. The most violent winds and heaviest rains take place in the eye wall, the ring of clouds and thunderstorms closely surrounding the eye. Every second, a large hurricane releases the energy of 10 atomic bombs. Hurricanes can also produce tornadoes.
5 thing that cause a hurricane!
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Warm ocean waters and thunderstorms fuel power-hungry hurricanes.
A pre-existing weather disturbance: A hurricane often starts out as a tropical wave.
Warm water: Water at least 26.5 degrees Celsius over a depth of 50 meters powers the storm.
Thunderstorm activity: Thunderstorms turn ocean heat into hurricane fuel.
select all characteristics that are true of a chaperone protein. check all that apply it is encoded by a structural gene. it is encoded by a structural gene. it acts as an enzyme in an amino acid synthesis pathway. it acts as an enzyme in an amino acid synthesis pathway. it has primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. it has primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. it has an amino-terminal and a carboxyl-terminal end. it has an amino-terminal and a carboxyl-terminal end. it assists other polypeptides with folding into the correct secondary structure. it assists other polypeptides with folding into the correct secondary structure. it assists the ribosome with translation.
Characteristics that are true of a chaperone protein are
it is encoded by a structural gene. it acts as an enzyme in an amino acid synthesis pathway. it assists other polypeptides with folding into the correct secondary structure. it assists the ribosome with translation. it has an amino-terminal and a carboxyl-terminal end. What are Chaperone Protein?Chaperone proteins are molecular proteins present in all organisms that are important for the survival of cells. One major function of a chaperone protein is to assist in protein folding into correct secondary structures because not all proteins can fold spontaneously.
Other characteristics are assisting ribosomes with translation and acting as enzymes in amino acid.
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What is dna sequence that serves as a recognition and recruitment site for transcription factors & rna polymerase?.
An area of DNA called a promoter is where a gene first starts to transcribe. Because they control how RNA polymerase binds to DNA, promoters are crucial components of expression vectors.
Define promoter region.The sense or coding strand of the transcribed gene is positioned adjacent to and typically upstream (5') of the promoters. They are between 100 and 1000 base pairs long. Coding strand refers to the DNA strand that encodes codons and whose sequence corresponds to the mRNA transcript generated. The antisense strand, which is often referred to as the template strand or non-coding strand, is translated by the RNA polymerase.
Response elements are DNA sequences found in promoter regions that provide RNA polymerase and transcription factors with dependable binding sites. RNA polymerase recruitment, DNA transcription control, and mRNA regulation are all carried out by proteins known as transcription factors.
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escherichia coli (e. coli) bacteria are growing in a hamburger exponentially. initially there are 100,000 bacteria. after 30 minutes there are 150,000. how many are there after an hour?
1139062.5 escherichia coli (e. coli) bacteria are growing after an hour.
Initial value: 100.00 (x) when t = 0
After 0 min- 100000
After 10 min -150000 that is 1.5 ×x
After 20 min -225000 =50000×1.5
After 30 min- 337500
After 40 min- 506250
After 50 min- 759375
after 60 min- 1139062.5
E. coli, a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, grows optimally at 37°C under aerobic conditions, although it is a facultative anaerobe and can therefore grow under anaerobic conditions. It has also been previously reported that some strains of E. coli have been known to grow at temperatures of up to 53°C, although this is not typical nor recommended for commonly used laboratory strains.
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When two solutions are mixed, the temperature drops from 18 degrees Celsius to 12 degrees Celsius. What kind of reaction has occurred?
Question 2 options:
Single displacement
Endothermic
Exothermic
Precipitation
Answer:Endothermic
Explanation:
If the temperature drops during an experiment, that means there was heat that was drawn from the environment into the system. Heat is energy, and so the system gained energy as the reaction happened, thus making this an endothermic reaction.
A precipitation reaction would be when you super saturate a solution and then lower the solubility suddenly, which forms pure crystals of whatever product you designed the experiment to separate.
A single replacement reaction is when only one bond breaks and forms in a chemical reaction, aka. AB + C -> AC + B.
Acids
A. have a pH below 7.
B. form H+ in solution.
C. have a higher H+ concentration than pure water.
D. all of the above.
Answer: D. All of the above
Explanation:
Hope this helps
throughout the blue sequence, you will see pairs of nucleotides in light blue; in the red sequence, you may see pairs of nucleotides in orange. what do these pairs of nucleotides represent?
The fundamental component of nucleic acids is called a nucleotide (RNA and DNA). The components of a nucleotide are a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA), a phosphate group, and a base that contains nitrogen.
What is nucleotide?A nucleoside plus a phosphate make up the chemical compound known as a nucleotide. They function as monomeric units of the essential macromolecules found in all life forms on Earth, deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid, which are both types of nucleic acid polymers.
A nucleotide is the fundamental component of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA). A sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) is joined to a phosphate group and a base that contains nitrogen to form a nucleotide.
Adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) are the four nucleotides, or bases, that make up DNA (T).
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Some things should be safe for reasons that aren't yet known?
Answer: This is true.
Explanation:
compare and contrast the types of nitrogenous wastes excreted by animals. identify which type can be excreted with the least water. compare and contrast the types of nitrogenous wastes excreted by animals. identify which type can be excreted with the least water. ammonia urea uric acid
Ammonia, Urea and Uric acid are all types of nitrogenous wastes excreted by animals whereas uric acid can be excreted with the least water.
In the body, nitrogenous wastes tend to form toxic ammonia, which must be excreted. Humans and other mammals excrete urea, whereas birds, reptiles, and some terrestrial invertebrates excrete uric acid. When animals consume more nitrogen than they can use, they excrete nitrogenous waste. Nitrogen is primarily found in amino acids and thus proteins. This means that if an animal consumes a high-protein diet, it will have excess nitrogen to get rid of because there is no long-term storage for it.
Uric acid is a purine-like compound found in nucleic acids. It is water insoluble and tends to form a white paste or powder; birds, insects, and reptiles excrete it.
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Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase would be most affected by a drug that prevents _____.
A) nuclear envelope breakdown
B) elongation of microtubules
C) shortening of microtubules
D) formation of a cleavage furrow
Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase would be most affected by a drug that prevents C) shortening of microtubules.
The anaphase is the stage of cell division during which the homologous chromosomes are pulled to either side of the cell by the microtubules present on the sides of the cell.
If shortening of the microtubules occurs due to a drug, then this means that the chromosomes will not be pulled by the microtubules to the sides during the anaphase. The chromosomes will not be separated equally into the daughter cells due to the shortening of the microtubules.
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Hydras are animals related to coral and jellyfish. Hydras can reproduce sexually or asexually. Why would hydras avoid reproducing asexually when conditions are difficult?.
A good strategy to benefit from an abundance of resources would be to reproduce more slowly.
What resource is plentiful?The words numerous, ample, abundant, and copious all denote more than enough but not excess. An abundant supply is one that is large or rich. This summer, there are plenty of peaches. In order to meet a certain need, adequate indicates a generous sufficient.
What are the primary resource types?Resources can be classified as renewable versus nonrenewable; a renewable resource has an unlimited supply, whilst a nonrenewable resource has a finite supply. Non-renewable resources include natural gas and coal whereas renewable resources include wood, wind, and solar.
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What is the difference between Active Transport and Passive Transport? Thanks!
Answer: Active transport uses energy while passive energy does not.
Explanation:
Active transport does use energy and passive transport does not
__________ occurs when a single gene affects the phenotype of many characters in an individual.
A pleiotropic effect occurs when a single gene affects the phenotype of many characters in an individual.
"PLEIOTROPY" is the phenomenon in which a single locus affects two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits, and is frequently identified as a single mutation that affects two or more wild-type traits. Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences two or more phenotypic traits that appear to be unrelated. A pleiotropic gene is one that exhibits multiple phenotypic expression.
A simple example of a Pleiotropy is the disease phenylketonuria. It is a genetic disorder caused by a lack of phenylalanine metabolism in body cells. Marfan Syndrome is caused by a pleiotropic mutation in a human gene.
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Which immunoglobulin class, found in blood, lymph, and the intestine, can cross the placenta and help to protect a fetus?.
IgG is the immunoglobulin class, found in blood, lymph, and the intestine, which cross the placenta and help to protect a fetus.
The only kind of immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta is IgG, which gives the growing fetus some degree of immunological defense. During pregnancy, specific antibodies are transferred from the mother's blood into the fetus' circulation in the form of IgG, resulting in naturally acquired passive immunity.
Natural interactions between mother and child throughout pregnancy and afterward are examples of how antibodies are passed from one person to another. The body's primary defense against microorganisms is a key class of immunoglobulins. In order to shield neonates from infections, only this family of antibiotics might cross the placenta.
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since peaches are a soft fruit, they can be bruised during shipping and handling. when they arrive at the store with bruising, they are generally not bought and have to be thrown out. a gene research lab has turned off a gene in peaches that causes bruising. this technique of genetic engineering is called genetic engineering.
Since peaches are a soft fruit, they can be bruised during shipping and handling. When they arrive at the store with bruising, they are generally not bought and have to be thrown out. a gene research lab has turned off a gene in peaches that causes bruising. This technique of genetic engineering is called intragenic genetic engineering.
While cisgenesis involves the use of a complete copy of natural genes with their regulatory elements that are unique to sexually compatible plants, intragenesis refers to the transfer of new combinations of genes and regulatory sequences that are unique to that species.
Crop intragenic is a technology that inserts gene cassettes containing specific genetic sequences from crops in the same breedable gene pool into the genome of a host crop.
An "intragenic suppressor" is a suppressor mutation that occurs within the same gene, whereas an "intergenic suppressor" is a suppressor mutation that occurs in a different gene.
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the mammals share several characteristics, which distinguish them from all other classes of vertebrates. check all of the features that are found in mammals. - embryonic development often assisted by a placenta
- an anapsid skull
- hair used for insulation, camouflage or as sensory structures
- fused collarbones
- mammary glands
The distinguishing characteristics of mammals are:
embryonic development often assisted by a placenta.hair used for insulation, camouflage or as sensory structures.mammary glands.Placenta is the organ formed after the fertilization of the egg in females. It consists of blood vessels from both the mother and the developing fetus. It is the organ that mediates the exchange of substances between the two. Food, oxygen and nutrients are provided and wastes are removed through it.
Mammary glands are present only in the mammalian females. These are present in the chest region and its primary function is to secrete milk for the newborn.
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The motor tracts in the spinal cord controlling subconscious regulation of balance and muscle tone are the __________.
The vestibulospinal tracts in the spinal cord are the motor tracts that subconsciously regulate balance and muscular tone.
What is Vestibulospinal tracts?Vestibulospinal tracts are descending nerve fiber bundles found in the spinal cord that transmit information from the brain's higher regions to the body's extremities.
They start with the vestibular nuclei's axons in the brainstem and end by making connections with interneurons in the anterior gray column of the spinal cord. A medial vestibulospinal tract and a lateral vestibulospinal tract make up the vestibulospinal tracts. They are necessary for the body's reflex actions, which are many.
When the head is inclined to one side, each tract is in charge of boosting antigravity muscle tone. Leg extensor muscles are antigravity muscles.
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soils play a vital role in ecosystems, including acting as a medium for plant growth, filtering water, and providing habitat for a variety of organisms. (a) describe two of the factors that determine the properties of soils. (2 points) (b) name and describe the properties of the four main soil horizons (excluding the e horizon), going from the top layer to the bottom layer. (4 points) (c) describe at least two differences between a soil primarily composed of sand and a soil primarily composed of clay. (2 points) (d) describe the role of cation exchange and base saturation in soil productivity. (2 points)
Soil is the substrate that plants need to grow in. The soil provides the plant's roots with stability, nourishment, and a network of water and air.
What are the five main roles that soil plays in an ecosystem?These functions of the soil include controlling temperature, regulating the composition and quality of the air, cycling nutrients and carbon, regulating the quality and quantity of water, recycling and treating natural "waste" (decomposition), and providing habitat for the majority of living things and their food.
What are the top three essentials for soil?Numerous essential services provided by soil to both humans and the ecology. Our food comes from the earth, which also cleans our water, keeps us safe from flooding, and fights drought. Due to the enormous amounts of carbon it accumulates and stores, it is also essential to reversing climate change.
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The first (n=1) energy level of an atom contain a maximum of two electrons the second (n=2) energy level contains a maximum of
Answer:
The second energy level (n=2) contains a total of 5 electrons.
Explanation:
Hope this helps! Have a nice day^^
Science Skills
A student prepared two beakers with identical sprigs of a water plant as shown below. She placed one beaker in
the shade and the other beaker beside a fluorescent lamp. She then systematically changed the distance from the
beaker to the lamp. She counted the bubbles given off by the plants in each beaker. Shown here is the graph of the
data for the beaker she placed beside the lamp.
If the student later tested the bubbles collected in the test tube, what would she find they are made of?
If the student later tested the bubbles collected in the test tube, she finds that it was made up of oxygen.
what is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use the energy from sunshine to transform carbon dioxide and water into food.
Since oxygen is the gas that plants release during photosynthesis, we can infer that the bubbles are oxygen.
In this instance, we can also affirm that the fluorescent light-exposed ant displayed more bubbles than the other plant.
Since the light made it possible for this plant's photosynthetic rate to increase, more oxygen was released into the environment.
Therefore, if the student later tested the bubbles collected in the test tube, she finds that it was made up of oxygen.
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The root system ___ A. Respires B. absorbs water and minerals C. photosynthesizes D. includes the stem E. is the only part of the plant system
The root system is the only part of the plant system that absorbs water and minerals.
The root system is the plant's descending (growing downwards) portion. When a seed germinates, the radicle is the first organ to emerge. It grows to form the primary or tap root. It produces lateral branches (secondary and tertiary roots), forming the root system.
Primary roots are the first roots formed in young plants and include taproots, basal roots, and lateral roots. Secondary roots are secondary branches of primary roots. Anchorage of the plant, absorption of water and dissolved nutrients, transport to the shoot, storage of nutrients, vegetative propagation, and binding of soil particles are all important functions of roots.
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Which of the following molecules is broken down in cellular respiration, providing fuel for the cell? A. glucose B. ATP C. water D. O2
Answer: A. Glucose
Explanation:
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Differences between hormones and nerve impulses may be associated with the type of signal (chemical and electrical, respectively) or also with the mode of transmission of the signal (bloodstream in the case of hormones and neurons from the nerve system in the case of nerve impulses).
What is a hormone?A hormone can be defined as a chemical messenger generated by different types of cells in the organism, which need to bind certain receptors on the cells in order to produce a concomitant response. This type of messenger (hormone) is released by glands and they are transported in the blood.
Conversely, a nerve signal is an electrical impulse that spread from motor neurons to different parts of the body through the nervous system.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a hormone is a chemical messenger that travels in the blood to reach its final localization, while nerve impulses travel through neurons.
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Choose all the right answers.
Which of the following plants store food in their leaves?
potatoes
carrots
lettuce
spinach
celery
Answer:
Spinach and lettuce
Answer:
lettuce
spinach
Is a decade enough time to determine climatic changes in temperature, i. E. , to determine if global warming has stopped?.
No, a decade it not enough to analyze climatic changes in temperature.
What is global warming?Global warming is the long-term warming of the Earth's surface due to human activity, primarily the burning of fossil fuels, observed since pre-industrial times (between 1850 and 1900), and increase the level of greenhouse gases that trap heat in This term is not synonymous with the term "climate change". It is the increase in average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere. This is caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to rising temperatures. Global warming is being accelerated by massive deforestation by humans
More formally, climate is the long-term average of temperature, precipitation, and other meteorological variables at a particular location. Climate researchers calculate new averages every 30 years. The normal maximum and minimum temperatures indicated by local weather forecasts are averages over these 30 years.
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which of the following proteins comprise the one tetramer that is found in each histone core complex?
Each histone core complex contains a single tetramer made up of the H3 and H4 proteins.
Describe the tetramer structure.Tetramer: A compound made up of four smaller components that are either identical or fairly similar. Covalent or noncovalent forces can be used to link the units together. This tetrapeptide is made up of four similar amino acid residues and is a tetramer called Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly (each is a glycine).
What protein forms tetramers?A tetrameric protein called hemoglobin binds and moves four oxygen molecules at a time before releasing them to myoglobin. Every oxygen molecule that binds to hemoglobin helps the molecule that binds after it, which is known as allosteric cooperative binding.
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the genetic content of the two daughter cells in prophase ii of meiosis?
haploid with two copy of each gene
The prophase II stage marks the beginning of the meiosis II stage. Haploid cells make up the genetic material at this stage.
The cells that enter meiosis II are those that are created at the conclusion of meiosis I. These cells are haploid and have only one chromosome from each homologue pair and two sister chromatids because they have not undergone DNA replication. As a result, in Meiosis I, non-duplicated chromosomes, which are present in prophase II of Meiosis II, are generated in haploid cells.
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Compare a water molecule, H2O, to a hydrogen peroxide molecule, H2O2.
Which statement is true?
Responses
Water and hydrogen peroxide are made from different types of atoms, combined in different ways.
Water and hydrogen peroxide are made from different types of atoms, combined in different ways.,
Water and hydrogen peroxide are made from the same types of atoms, but combine in different ways.
Water and hydrogen peroxide are made from the same types of atoms, but combine in different ways.,
Water and hydrogen peroxide are made from different types of atoms, combined in the same way.
Water and hydrogen peroxide are made from different types of atoms, combined in the same way.,
Water and hydrogen peroxide are made from the same types of atoms combined in the same way.
The statement about water molecules and hydrogen peroxide molecules indicating that water and hydrogen peroxide are made from the same types of atoms, but combine in different ways is TRUE (Option C).
What are atoms and molecules?Atoms can be considered as the smaller indivisible amount of matter capable of preserving its physical and chemical features, while molecules are combinations of atoms to form certain structures that have particular characteristics.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that atoms and molecules are different in the sense that atoms form diverse types of molecules.
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Which of the following is a health effect of air pollution?
A. cholera
B. influenza
C. roseola
D. lung damage
Answer:
Its D.
Explanation:
Answer:
d) Lung damage
Explanation:
Lung damage is a major health effect because of air pollution. Therefore, the option (d) is the correct answer.