The greenhouse effect is caused by gasses such as carbon dioxide and water vapor, which absorb heat and reradiate the the heat back to the earth. Since in the greenhouse effect heat is retained, the greenhouse gasses act as thermal insulators to the Earth. These effect also moderates the temperatur on Earth. Having said this, the answer is D.
You compare two strands of mtDNA and discover that there are 3 differences in base pairs between them. Assuming that the mutation rate for the species that you are examining is 1 mutation every 20,000 years, how long ago did the two strands share a common ancestor? Write your answer in xxx,xxx format.
These two strands shared a common ancestor _____________ years ago.
pls need the help
The two strands of the DNA share a common ancestor before 60,000 years ago.
Given here that the mutation rate is 1 in every 20,000 years. So it takes 20000 years to take single mutation.
Thus , the third mutation can occur 3×20000 years = 60,000years.
A mutation is a change to an organism’s DNA sequence. Errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection can all cause mutations. Our cells are constantly undergoing mutations, yet very few of these have any negative effects on our health.
There are numerous explanations for why mutations typically don’t have significant effects. The majority of mutations occur in somatic cells, such as muscle or skin cells, and only have an impact on the cell in which they originate and cells that develop from that cell.
To learn more about Mutation, refer this link.
https://brainly.com/question/17031191
#SPJ9
What effect would an absence of oxygen have on the electron transport chain / ATP synthase system?
If there were no oxygen present on the electron transport chain, the electrons could not be removed from the system, and the entire electron transport chain would back up and stop.
What is electron transport chain?
The electron transport chain can be described as a series of protein complexes and other molecules that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons across a membrane.
The electron transport chain produces the adenosine triphosphate which is the main cellular energy. If there were no oxygen present on the electron transport chain he entire electron transport chain would back up and stop.
Learn more about electron transport chain: https://brainly.com/question/876880
#SPJ1
A community group wants
to buy a statue for the city. What factors
should they take into consideration when
choosing the type of rock and location for the
statue? Support your answers with evidence.
Answer:
Marble and Warm, Dry Place
Explanation:
Marble is strong and long-lasting. A Warm, Dry area would help benifit the statue.
Chapter 12. If there are 20 duplicated chromosomes in a cell at prophase (of mitotic cell division), how
many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?
During prophase, the duplicated chromosomes condense and become visible. The cell then proceeds to the metaphase, anaphase, and telophase stages of mitosis, where the chromosomes are separated and divided between the two daughter cells.
What is cytokinesis?The cytoplasm divides in a process called cytokinesis, resulting in two separate cells, each with a complete set of chromosomes.
Since the cell in question has 20 duplicated chromosomes at prophase, it has a total of 40 chromatids.
During anaphase, the spindle fibers pull the sister chromatids apart, separating them into individual chromosomes.
Therefore, each daughter cell will receive 20 chromosomes, with each chromosome consisting of a single chromatid.
Learn more about chromosomes at:
https://brainly.com/question/30993611
#SPJ2
The membrane of mitochondria contains embedded proteins.
What is the purpose of these proteins?
Responses
facilitate the synthesis of new proteins
facilitate the synthesis of new proteins
bind to nucleotides to form RNA
bind to nucleotides to form , R N A
help in the production of ATP
help in the production of , A T P
help break down organic material
The membrane of mitochondria contains embedded proteins. The purpose of these proteins is to (3) help in the production of ATP.
Mitochondria is a double membranous organ that is involved in the synthesis of energy component ATP. The inner membrane of the organelle is folded into finger like projections called cristae. They increase the surface area of the mitochondria so that more and more ATP can be produced.
ATP is Adenosine Triphosphate. It is a high energy compound. It releases energy when the 2 phosphate bonds of the triphosphate group are broken down. This energy is then used to perform various life processes of the body.
To know more about ATP, here
brainly.com/question/174043
#SPJ1
If you had an unknown microbe, what steps would you take to determine what type of microbe (e.g., fungi, bacteria, virus) it is? Are there particular characteristics you would search for? Explain.
The steps which would be taken to determine what type of microbe (e.g., fungi, bacteria, virus) is by using microscopy techniques.
What is a Microbe?This is referred to as the tiny and small organisms which are present in the earth and can't be seen with eyes except through the assistance of a microscope such as light microscope etc.
The microscope functions by enlarging the object or cell being studied and ensures that different structures are seen. For example the virus has capsids which differentiates it from other microbes present in nature thereby making it the correct choice in this scenario.
Read more about Microbe here https://brainly.com/question/8695285
#SPJ1
Hi can someone please help describe this object that was viewed under high magnification
Explanation:
The cells on the skin of a body.
The given image shows the brain cells stained with pink colour with small dotted cells scattered around observed under high magnification.
Before brain tissue can be observed under a microscope, it must be thoroughly dyed with chemicals, thinly sliced, and studied under an electron microscope, where slices that resemble thin plates coated in microscopic soap bubbles are visible to researchers. The soap-bubble boundary indicates where one neuron ends and another begins, and some bubbles serve as the cross-section of a neuron.
However, there are issues with this type of imaging: the staining frequently does not reveal enough structure, the slices may be twisted, and the images may be hazy.
To know more about neurons, refer to the following link:
https://brainly.com/question/13061744
#SPJ1
The endocrine system’s hormones are ____ messengers that travel through the ____
A. Chemical;Body’s organs
B. Electrical; bloodstream
C. Electrical; neural networks
D. Chemical; bloodstream
Answer: D) Chemical; bloodstream.
Explanation:
- Honestly I don’t know how to explain this besides the fact that it’s just how the system works
but hope this helps :)
What’s the correct answer answer asap for brainlist
Answer: it would be A
Explanation: The Krebs cycle uses pyruvic acid formed in glycolysis
Which major organic compound can both form muscle tissue
and protect the body from antigens?
Answer:
Antibodies
Explanation:
The major compound that can form muscle tissue and protect the body from antigens is protein.
What are proteins?Muscles, bones, skin, hair, and virtually all other human organs and tissues include protein. It serves as the foundation for enzymes, which fuel numerous chemical reactions, as well as hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in your blood.The twenty-plus fundamental building blocks of protein are known as amino acids. Our bodies manufacture amino acids in one of two ways since we are unable to store them: either from scratch or by altering other amino acids. Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine are some of the necessary amino acids that must be absorbed from the diet. Proteins are essential for carrying out complicated activities as well as for the synthesis and renewal of DNA. Proteins called enzymes to help break down food. Numerous hormones that aid in maintaining the balance of the body's constituent parts are linked to the production of proteins. Cells communicate with one another and with the outside world using surface receptors. Proteins make up these receptors.The immune system uses antibodies, which are proteins found in the body, to mend and heal the body after foreign infections have been introduced. Proteins that enable communication between cells and organs.To learn more about protein, refer to
https://brainly.com/question/884935
#SPJ2
According to the diagram, how would the earth, moon, and sun be positioned if the low tide is at its highest for the month?
A
B
C
D
It should be A if the low tide is at its highest for the month.
California has had to provide tight restrictions on homes and businesses" water use. What could happen that would limit the availability of clean fresh water in South Florida?
Mandatory water restrictions were issued by the California State Water Resources Control Board for 2022, which will have a variety of effects on the state as well as individuals and companies in the Sacramento region.
California's primary sources of fresh water are two.
1) Ground water: This water source is found at a certain depth inside the earth. This water is retrieved in California by pumping it through a machine.
2) Surface water: This water includes lakes, rivers, and other water bodies that flow from a mountainous area to a lower region. When snow melts in California's mountainous regions, large reservoirs and dams are built to store the water until it is needed.
What water restrictions are necessary in California?
As the drought continues and the hotter summer months draw near, California Governor Gavin Newsom warned to impose mandatory water restrictions in Southern California with steep fines if residents don't use less on their own. On June 1st, 2022, new water limitations will be imposed on companies and residents.
To learn more about clean fresh water in California, visit
https://brainly.com/question/14858237
#SPJ10
Subject: English
Question: Re-read the paragraph that begins on page 2, and ends on page 3.
Click the underlined phrase that uses literary device to make Northridge Junction seem like a desperate person.
The phrase '' it clung to an exposed ledge over the valley from which the train had lifted'' Northridge Junction seems like a desperate person.
What is despair?Despair is an emotional state of extreme tension, anxiety and fear.
The person immersed in this state cannot get out easily, because his negative perception contributes to his always being down. When recurrent, it becomes clinical and can take control of emotions.
A hallmark of clinical despair is the meaninglessness of feeling. There are no imminent threats, suffering or dangerous circumstances. Even so, the person experiences this state again and again.
What are the causes for despair?Despair is associated with some mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and especially panic syndrome.
Commonly, it is also caused by negative events in the person's life, such as trauma, divorce, dismissal, death of a loved one, abuse, use of chemical substances, among others.
Learn more about despair in brainly.com/question/8049225
#SPJ1
An enzyme catalyzes the reaction X → Y + Z. In a series of experiments, it was found that substance A inhibits the enzyme.
When the concentration of X is high and A is low, the reaction proceeds rapidly and Y and Z are formed.
As the concentration of A increases, the reaction slows regardless of whether X is present in high or low concentrations.
If the concentration of A is high (relative to X), the reaction stops.
If the concentration of A decreases again, the reaction will ultimately resume.
What type of enzyme regulation is described here? Explain your answer.
The correct answer is If the concentration of A is high (relative to X), the reaction stops.
What is enzyme?Chemical reactions can be accelerated by catalysts, which don't participate in the reaction themselves. In living organisms, enzymes operate as catalysts for biological reactions.
Enzymes' essential job is to lower a reaction's activation energy, or the amount of energy needed for it to begin. Enzymes bind to reactant molecules and hold them in place to enable the chemical bond-forming and bond-breaking processes.
Therefore, The correct answer is If the concentration of A is high (relative to X), the reaction stops.
To learn more about enzymes, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/14953274
#SPJ1
help help help.......................
Mitosis occur in series of stages and phases. There are 4 stages and five phases of mitosis we have learnt so far.
What is mitosis and how come it have four stages?Mitosis is the process of multiplying have a significant role in human body for repairing and proliferation of cells.Mitosis occur in diploid set of cells and Meiosis occur in haploid set of cells.Except for the zygote in human female body in which mitosis occurs through various stages 2, 4 , 8 , 16 and through mitosis zygote grows and develop into embryo.The chromosomes of mitotic division in the metaphase stage aligns in the middle that is on the metaphasic plate.To know more about mitosis visit:
https://brainly.com/question/26678449
SPJ13
-Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true?
a. Dna plymerases can add new DNA nucleotides only to the 5' end of an existing strand
b. The DNA strand that grows away from the replication fork is synthesized continuously from one initial primer
c. The DNA strand that grows toward the replication fork is synthesized discontinuously in short pieces called Okazaki fragments
d. DNA polymerases cannot initiate synthesis of a new DNA strand; they can only add bases to an existing strand.
-In eukaryotes, the mismatch repair mechanism is initiated by?
a. methylated DNA strand
b. acetylated DNA strand
c. strand specific nicks
d. double-strand breaks
Please help!!
The statement DNA polymerases cannot initiate synthesis of a new DNA strand; they can only add bases to an existing strand is TRUE about DNA replication while the mismatch repair mechanism is initiated by strand-specific nicks.
What are DNA polymerases?DNA polymerases are specific enzymes that add nucleotides during the semiconservative replication of DNA, which involves the synthesis of a new DNA strand for each daughter DNA molecule.
Moreover, the mismatch repair mechanism refers to the pairing between nucleotide sequences other in DNA and double stranded RNA (dsRNA) is initiated by strand-specific nicks in order to repair a given nucleotide sequence.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that DNA polymerases are essential enzymes used by the cell in order to synthesize a DNA strand during the process of semi-conservative DNA replication, which occurs before the process of cell division and may involve mismatch repair mechanisms.
Learn more about DNA replication here:
https://brainly.com/question/21265857
#SPJ1
what is the cytoplasm in a human cell?
PEASE HELP PLEASE!? List and describe the substrates and products of TCA cycle
The components of TCA cycle are acetyl group, oxaloacetic acid, coA, citric acid etc. needed to start and terminate the TCA cycle.
What is TCA cycle and what are the components of TCA cycle?TCA cycle also called as Krebs cycle , called tricaboxylic acid, have certain amounts of water and acetyl co enzyme A to initiate.In the initiation the water and acetyle coA reacts and yields an appreciable amount of citric acid.This reaction is catalysed by enzyme citrate synthatase and a molecule of coA is released.Then the next step is isomerisation that is citrate is isomerised to isocitrate a substrate.Then comes decarbocylation, formed alfa ketoglutaric acid and then succinyl coA which is oxidised to OAA.To know more about TCA cycle:
https://brainly.com/question/15561070
#SPJ13
Write a short paragraph describing a carnivore through the eyes of its intended meal. Such as fox and mouse.
Carnivores have binocular vision, which means their eyes are at the very front of face, resulting in a smaller field of view but allowing for depth perception, which is required to catch prey.
What are carnivores?A carnivore is an organism that primarily consumes meat or animal flesh. Carnivores are sometimes referred to as predators.
Carnivores have razor-sharp teeth that are precisely shaped to slice and rip the meat they consume. Canines make up the majority of their teeth.
Carnivores have binocular vision, which implies their eyes are located at the in front their faces, resulting in a narrower field of view but allowing for depth perception, which is necessary for prey capture.
Thus, this way, carnivores look at their meal.
For more details regarding carnivores, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28038819
#SPJ1
Which planet is not a gas planet?A. UranusB. JupiterC. VenusD. Neptune
Considering the therminology of ice and gas planet, between the alternatives there is three gas giants from our solar system, that are Uranus , Neptune, and Jupiter, being Saturn the four gas planets in our solar system. Therefore, the option that is not a gas planet is Venus (c).
HELP ASAP!!!!
Which term is used to describe a
change in a population's allele
frequency as a result of
individuals moving into and out of
the population?
A. Succession
B. Natural Selection
C. Gene Flow
Answer:
Its The Gene Flow
Explanation:
Gene flow refers to the transfer of genetic material, specifically alleles, from one population to another through the movement of individuals. The correct option is C.
Gene flow occurs when individuals migrate or move between different populations, bringing their genetic variation with them.
When individuals migrate into a population, they introduce new alleles, potentially increasing the genetic diversity of the population.
When individuals emigrate from a population, they take their alleles with them, resulting in a loss of genetic diversity in the population they leave behind.
It can introduce new alleles that may provide adaptive advantages, enhance genetic variation, or counteract the effects of genetic drift.
It also has the potential to spread beneficial alleles throughout populations, improving their adaptive potential.
Thus, the correct option is C.
To know more about Gene flow, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/29992261
#SPJ4
Plants are incredible organisms. In fact, if humans stopped existing, they would still be able to survive. Plants are able to perform a valuable process known as [A]. This important process requires certain molecules like [B] and [C] (alphabetical). These molecules, along with [D] are able to make special molecules for themselves and other organisms. The molecules made by plants are [E] which humans use to breath and [F] which is used for food. Plants make their own food, which sometimes is stored in the plant for later use in the form of [G], large complex molecules. These molecules allow for growth of the plant. It is often though that water and soil contribute to the mass of the plant, but it is the molecules of [H] that are in the air and contribute to the growth and size of the plant.
Choose: Photosynthesis, Oxygen, CO2, Water, Sunlight, Cellulose, Gluclose.
Answer:
A: Photosynthesis
B: CO2
C: Water
D: Sunlight
E: Oxygen
F: Glucose
G: Cellulose
H: CO2
Explanation:
Help please thank you!!
Answer:
four non metals are÷
Argon
Bromine
Hydrogen
sulfur
what problems existed in the gilded age
poverty, unemployment, and corruption.
Select the word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences about healthcare-associated infections. is a lung infection that occurs when bacteria enter the lungs through a ventilator or other equipment being used to help a patient breathe. A is any inanimate object, such as a doorknob or food, that is capable of spreading infection. can occur when bacteria or viruses enter the bloodstream through devices such as the catheters used to take blood or give fluids. Urinary tract infections can occur when enter(s) the urinary tract through a catheter being used to drain urine from a patient’s body.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a lung infection that occurs when bacteria enter the lungs through a ventilator or other equipment being used to help a patient breathe. Fomite is any inanimate object, such as a doorknob or food, that is capable of spreading infection. Catheter-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSIs) can occur when bacteria or viruses enter the bloodstream through devices such as the catheters used to take blood or give fluids. While, Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can occur when infection enter(s) the urinary tract through a catheter being used to drain urine from a patient’s body.
What are these healthcare-associated infections?
Ventilator-associated pneumonia happens when bacteria enter the lungs through a machine that is used to help a patient breathe. This bacteria enters through the tube placed in a patient’s mouth or nose.
Fomites are objects that are non-living such as door handles, bowls, water taps, and so on, that have the capacity to transfer pathogens deposited by the infected host into a healthy host.
Catheter-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSIs) occurs when the bloodstream is infected with bacteremia originating from an intravenous catheter.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur when bacteria enters the bladder or kidney through catheter.
In summary, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, fomite, catheter-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSIs), and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the four word or phrase that best completes the healthcare-associated infections raised in the question.
Learn more about fomite here: https://brainly.com/question/9438514
Learn more about urinary tract infections here: https://brainly.com/question/28233411
Learn more about catheter-associated bloodstream infection here: https://brainly.com/question/4168946
#SPJ1
Write a narrative that describes a “Magic school bus” journey from the smallest level of biological organization to the largest. (atom to biosphere). Describe the types of molecules and substances that the character would encounter along the way. go from atom, organelle, cell, tissues, organs/organ system, organisms/populations/communites, ecosystem, to biosphere.
Living things are highly organized and structured, following a hierarchy that can be examined on a scale from small to large. The atom is the smallest and most fundamental unit of matter. It consists of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. Atoms form molecules which are chemical structures consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical bonds. Many molecules that are biologically important are macromolecules, large molecules that are typically formed by polymerization.
In larger organisms, cells combine to make tissues, which are groups of similar cells carrying out similar or related functions. Organs are collections of tissues grouped together performing a common function. Organs are present not only in animals but also in plants. An organ system is a higher level of organization that consists of functionally related organs. Mammals have many organ systems. For instance, the circulatory system transports blood through the body and to and from the lungs; it includes organs such as the heart and blood vessels. Furthermore, organisms are individual living entities. For example, each tree in a forest is an organism. Single-celled prokaryotes and single-celled eukaryotes are also considered organisms and are typically referred to as microorganisms.
All the individuals of a species living within a specific area are collectively called a population. For example, a forest may include many pine trees. All of these pine trees represent the population of pine trees in this forest. Different populations may live in the same specific area. For example, the forest with pine trees includes populations of flowering plants and also insects and microbial populations. A community is the sum of populations inhabiting a particular area. For instance, all of the trees, flowers, insects, and other populations in a forest form the forest’s community. The forest itself is an ecosystem. An ecosystem consists of all the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, non-living parts of that environment such as nitrogen in the soil or rainwater. At the highest level of organization, the biosphere is the collection of all ecosystems, and it represents the zones of life on earth. It includes land, water, and even the atmosphere to a certain extent. Taken together, all of these levels comprise the biological levels of the organization, which range from organelles to the biosphere.
Cell membranes are said to be selectively permeable. Which statement best explains what selectively permeable means? *a. The cell membrane prevents any harmful substance from entering the cell.b. The cell membrane lets certain substances enter the cell and keeps certain substances out of the cell.c. The cell membrane allows only large molecules to diffuse into the cell.d. The cell membrane has pores that let only water and glucose into the cell and carbon dioxide out.e. I don't know and would rather not guess
Well, we have to consider that selective permeability gives the cell the capacity of selecting what enters, and what exits from the extracellular media, and from the cytoplasm. So beyond avoiding toxic or harmful substances to get in, the cell membrane lets certain substances enter and get out of the cell, like carbohydrates, CO2, and other molecules, like water.
Having this in mind, we could say that the answer is the b option.
B. The cell membrane lets certain substances enter the cell and keeps certain substances out of the cell.
biology homework 8 questions.
Facilitated diffusion is a sort of passive transport that permits the movement of specific molecules.
Diffusion of solutes through transport proteins within the plasma film is alluded to as encouraged diffusion. Passive transport could be a subset of encouraged diffusion.
Because the arrangement is traveling down the concentration angle, helped dissemination is still detached transport indeed when it joins transport proteins.
Passive transport incorporates both supported dissemination and basic diffusion. They transport compounds from a high-concentration zone to a low-concentration area.
The previous, in any case, varies from the last mentioned within how particles pass the membrane. Membrane proteins are required for encouraging dissemination to move natural particles.
Facilitated diffusion is the method of unconstrained active transport of atoms or particles over an organic film using particular transmembrane fundamental proteins.
So, facilitated diffusion is the detached development of atoms along the concentration angle. It could be a specific handle, i.e., the layer permits as it were particular particles and particles to pass through it.
It, in any case, avoids other atoms from passing through the membrane. Molecules or particles over an organic film using particular a transmembrane necessarily proteins.
Learn more about facilitated diffusion at
https://brainly.com/question/28021053
#SPJ1
Select all of the following of how organisms respond to external stimuli
An organism responds to external stimuli because of sensitivity.
Why do organisms respond to external stimuli?External stimuli are the number of factors present outside of the body that absorb by receptors and will lead to a response. External stimuli are temperature changes, vision, hearing, tasting, smelling, and sunlight for plants. Organisms respond to external stimuli to maintain homeostasis. Each organism has its range of sufferance. When an environmental condition (such as temperature) goes above or below an organism's optimal range, the organism experiences stress and responds to the stimulus. For example, external stimuli Plants grow towards light(external stimuli) sources, and if the direction of light is changed, the plant will also change its direction of growth to accommodate for survival.
So we can conclude that external stimuli are your body responding to medicine. Internal stimuli are your vital signs changing due to a change in the body.
Learn more about its external stimuli here: https://brainly.com/question/3598411
#SPJ1
Use the table below to determine the amino acids that correspond with the mRNA sequence GAAUUUACGAAA
A) glutamic acid—tyrosine—arginine – glycine
B) glycine—aspartic acid—valine---histidine
C) leucine—lysine—cysteine---phenylalanine
D) glutamic acid—phenylalanine—threonine—lysine
Answer:
D) glutamic acid-phenylalanine-theorine-lysine
Explanation:
GAA codes for for glutamic acid, which neither B or C have. UUU codes for phenylalanine, which is the second protein in the final sequence