Fred Griffith scientist's work with Streptococcus pneumoniae in the late 1920s provided early evidence that DNA was the genetic material of cells.
Who is Fred Griffith?Frederick Griffith was the first to identify bacterial transformation, in which a bacterium's structure and function change, in 1928 while working to create a pneumonia vaccine. He was researching both virulent and nonvirulent Streptococcus pneumoniae.
What is Fred Griffith experiment?In the pivotal experiment, Frederick Griffith (1928) combined live R and S that had been destroyed by heat; he then injected the mixture into mice; the animals perished. The tissues of the dead mouse contained living, smooth-coated bacteria resembling S.
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Please help me with this question :)
Answer:
option C
option C
Explanation:
we know that gravity is strongest when two large objects are near each other--so, when the asteroid reaches point C (which is shown to be closest to the sun), the pull of gravity will be greatest.
We also know that the attraction/pull of gravity slows down objects, so, the asteroid will be going slowest at its point of strongest gravity--which we have determined to be point C
hope this helps! let me know if you need more explanation, have a lovely day :)
Crossing over occurs in prophase I of meiosis I. Which is an advantage of crossing over?
a. it keeps genetic variation to a minimum to enable offspring a better chance of surviving.
b. combining DNA from two parents in a single chromosome reduces genetic variation in sexual life cycles.
c. it results in recombinant chromosomes where all chromosome carry genes from either the mother or father
d. each chromosome in a gamete cannot be exclusively maternal or paternal
The advantage of crossing over is that it results in recombinant chromosomes where all chromosome carry genes from either the mother or father (option C).
What is crossing over?Crossing over is a phenomenon whereby non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material.
Crossing over occurs in the prophase I stage of meiosis and results in the formation of daughter cells that are genetically different from parent cells.
Therefore, the advantage of crossing over is that it results in recombinant chromosomes where all chromosome carry genes from either the mother or father.
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The number of species on an island depends on the size of the island and its distance from the mainland. This statement would most likely be made by_________ .
The number of species on an island depends on the size of the island and its distance from the mainland. This statement would most likely be made by Biogeographer.
What is island biogeography?Island biogeography is a field within biogeography that examines the factors that affect the species richness and diversification of isolated natural communities.The field was started in the 1960s by biogeographer Robert H. MacArthur and E.O.Wilson, who coined the term island biogeography.The theory of island biogeography proposes that the number of species found in an undistributed island environment is determined by immigration and extinction.So biogeographers described island biogeography which tells about a number of species on an island.To learn more about Island biogeography,
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A bacterium that either partially or fully catabolizes an acyl-homoserine lactone will likely disrupt:.
Answer:
The bacterium will likely disrupt quorum sensing.
In the anatomical position, the body is ________ with the arms straight and at the sides of the body.
In the condensation part of the water cycle, what is the change of state that water goes through?
A: From gas to liquid
B: From liquid to gas
C: Form liquid to solid
D: From solid to gas
During condensation, water changes state from gas to liquid.
What is condensation?Condensation is a physical process whereby water in gaseous forms loses energy and becomes liquid.
The high-energy gaseous molecules in water vapor condense into liquid when a certain amount of energy is lost.
In the water cycle, condensation happens in the form of precipitation. Precipitation could be in the form of rain or snow.
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What are the key important things you need to know about dna
For revision notes
Answer:
Nucleic acids are the organic materials present in all organisms in the form of DNA or RNA.
These nucleic acids are formed by the combination of nitrogenous bases, sugar molecules and phosphate groups that are linked by different bonds in a series of sequences.
Explanation:
“DNA is a group of molecules that is responsible for carrying and transmitting the hereditary materials or the genetic instructions from parents to offsprings.”
DNA is known as Deoxyribonucleic Acid. It is an organic compound that has a unique molecular structure. It is found in all prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
The four roles that DNA plays in the cell are:
(1) storage of information via the genetic code so that cellular processes can be initiated and maintained.
(2) the generation of genetic variation through mutation and recombination.
(3) The copying and replication of genetic information so that it can be passed onto daughter cells. It is this function that makes DNA the molecule of inheritance.
(4) gene expression. The transcription and translation of genetic material to produce proteins, enzymes and other gene products necessary for growth and life.
The main immediate source of ATP (lasting about 10 seconds) as muscle contractions begin comes from: The main immediate source of ATP (lasting about 10 seconds) as muscle contractions begin comes from: fat. creatine phosphate. glucose. glycogen.
The main immediate source of ATP is creatine phosphate.
The answer is option b.
Creatine phosphate gives about the first 15 seconds of ATP at the beginning of muscle contraction.
Anaerobic glycolysis produces small amounts of ATP within the absence of oxygen for a quick duration. Aerobic metabolism makes use of oxygen to provide much greater ATP, permitting a muscle to work for longer intervals.
Few ATP is stored in a resting muscle. As contraction begins, it's far used up in seconds. More ATP is generated from creatine phosphate for about 15 seconds.
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How does sexual reproduction play an important role in variation?
A. Production of unique gametes during meiosis, and the random combination of male and female gametes upon fertilization provides a large amount of variation.
B. Male and female gametes combine randomly during fertilization, and then each gamete randomly selects half of its DNA to give to the embryo.
C. Implantation into the uterus provides the embryo with DNA from the mother to create more variation.
D. Sexual reproduction is not related to variation.
ABC or d with a simple explanation
pls be sure of your answer
Sexual reproduction plays an important role in variation such that; production of unique gametes during meiosis, and the random combination of male and female gametes upon fertilization provides a large amount of variation (option A).
What is sexual reproduction?Sexual reproduction is the process whereby a new organism is created by combining the genetic material of two organisms.
During sexual reproduction, organisms produce gametes through a process called meiosis.
This meiosis allows genetic diversity in the unique gametes produced, which causes random combination of male and female gametes upon fertilization provides a large amount of variation.
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If mutant HMGN2 proteins were unable to bind their substrate and then erroneously mobilized to nucleoli, these proteins would be found in the sites of:
If mutant HMGN2 proteins were unable to bind their substrate and then erroneously mobilized to nucleoli, these proteins would be found in the sites of Ribosome production.
In this case, mutant HMGN2 proteins deploy inadvertently to nucleoli. The nucleolus, a bulky, globular structure inside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, houses ribosomal DNA. Here, the pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene is solely translated into a single template that is then processed to produce mature rRNA by RNA polymerase I. As a result, the nucleolus is the only location where RNA polymerase I can work.Additionally, ribosomal subunit maturation and assembly take place in the nucleolus. The cytoplasm produces ribosomal proteins from mRNA, which are then carried into the nucleolus where they interact with newly produced rRNA to generate the precursors to the 40S and 60S subunits.learn more about HMGN2 proteins here: https://brainly.com/question/884041
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describe flow of genetic formation
Answer:The basic flow of genetic information in biological systems is often depicted in a scheme known as "the central dogma".This scheme states that information encoded in DNA flows into RNA via transcription and ultimately to proteins via translation.
Approximately how many standard drinks can the human body metabolize in one hour?.
The body generally processes approximately one standard drink per hour. If you have 5 standard drinks, it will take 5 hours for your body to process the alcohol.
The human body can typically metabolize around one standard drink per hour.
The concept of "one standard drink" varies across countries, but it generally refers to a drink containing approximately 14 grams (0.6 ounces) of pure alcohol.
Examples of a standard drink can include a 12-ounce (355 ml) beer with around 5% alcohol content, a 5-ounce (148 ml) glass of wine with around 12% alcohol content, or a 1.5-ounce (44 ml) shot of distilled spirits with around 40% alcohol content. It's crucial to drink responsibly and be aware of one's own limits and the potential effects of alcohol consumption.
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Enzymes need to be produced by cells in large quantities because they are consumed by the chemical reactions in which they participate. Group of answer choices True False
The statement that enzymes need to be produced by cells in large quantities because they are consumed by the chemical reactions in which they participate is False.
How much quantity of enzyme is needed in a Chemical Reaction?Between 1 and 10,000 substrate molecules can be catalyzed by an enzyme every second. Due to the fact that they do not change throughout reactions, enzymes are only found in trace levels in cells. and they have a strong affinity for their substrate.By lowering the activation energy and activating more molecules, they act as the catalyst to make the process easier to happen. Because the enzyme must react with the substrate, the concentration of the enzyme is crucial in chemical reactions.When enzymes locate their intended substrate, they seize them, undergo a transformation, and then move on to the subsequent substrate molecule.
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Why is a food chain is the simplest model of energy flow between trophic levels in an ecosystem?
because it represents only one pathway of energy flow:
Explanation:
Which discovery supports the hypothesis that evolution of the lactase-persistence trait was driven by the use of milk in pastoralist cultures
The lactase-persistence mutations are roughly as old as the oldest milk-holding vessels or pots.
Lactase persistence:
Lactase persistence is an example of natural selection, which can cause some humans to continue the activity of the lactase enzyme in adulthood also.
The hereditary examinations and studies propose that the established mutation related to lactase persistence began a long time back, in populaces that started domesticating and dairy cultivation during the Neolithic age when pastoralist populaces started to utilize milk for their livelihood. As found and studied that “the lactase-persistence mutations are roughly as old as the oldest milk-holding vessels.” The cultural and social activities of dairying and drinking non-human milk gave an environment wherein lactase persistence was favorable. DNA proof demonstrates that mutation in the lactase gene emerged in these populaces around a similar time.
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while all zebras have stripes no two zebras share the same stripe patteren
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Hello!
This is due to variation in a zebra!!
An environmental scientist gives a demonstration on composting. roger is in the audience. he wonders how composting helps to slow climate change. what question should be ask to get his answer?
Roger may ask, "Can composting help to grow more trees?" in order to get his answer.
Composting :
The process of recycling organic materials, which are typically considered to be waste products, into a substance that can be used as a soil conditioner is referred to as composting. The productivity of soil can be increased by the addition of compost because compost is loaded with various nutrients.
The presence of such a nutrient-rich soil allows for the growth of a large number of trees, each of which contributes to the removal of more carbon dioxide from the air and, as a result, an improvement in the local climate.
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1. In guinea pigs, long hair is dominant to short hair. A pure bred short haired guinea pig is bred with a hybrid
long haired. What does each of those look like? (use the letter H)
Pure bred (homozygous)______?
What are the characteristics of most unsaturated fatty acids found within a human cell?.
The characteristics of most unsaturated fatty acids found within a human cell are deprotonated carboxylic acid and cis double bonds.
With the exception of steroids, fatty acids are carboxylic acids that provide the structural foundation of fats, oils, and all other types of lipids. More than 70 have been found in the natural world.They are typically unbranched, contain an even number of carbon atoms (often 12–20), and can be divided into groups based on the existence and quantity of carbon–carbon double bonds.As a result, saturated fatty acids don't have any carbon-to-carbon double bonds, while monounsaturated fatty acids have one, and polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more.learn more about unsaturated fatty acids here:
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hy is the pressure in the matrix high?
The pressure in the matrix high due to the abundance of water molecules present in the region.
What is a Matrix?
These are referred to non living substances or tissues which occupy the vacant region of cells.
They have enough water molecules which exerts a great amount of pressure thereby making it high.
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If an organism that is homozygous dominant is crossed with a heterozygote for that trait, the offspring will be __________.
Answer: all of the dominant phenotype
The offspring of an AA x Aa cross are either AA or Aa. All will express the dominant phenotype.
If an organism that is purebred dominant is crossed with one that is heterozygous for a trait, half of the offspring will be purebred dominant and the other half will be heterozygous.
What is dominance?If the allele of a gene is completely showing its character in a heterozygous condition, then it is called "completely dominant." Another allele of the gene that can't be expressed is called recessive.
An example is the cross made between purebred tall (TT) and heterozygous tall (Tt). The purebred will form gametes T, and the heterozygous will form gametes T and t.
From the cross, two genotypes, such as TT and Tt, are developed, each having 50%. All the F1 offspring here are tall in phenotype. All tall and short characters are expressed when the two heterozygous Tt and Tt are crossed.
Hence, if an organism that is purebred dominant is crossed with one that is heterozygous for a trait, half of the offspring will be purebred dominant and the other half will be heterozygous.
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Red blood cells become crenated in a(n) ____________ solution. hypertonic hypotonic hydrostatic isotonic
Red blood cells become crenated in a hypertonic solution. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
In a hypertonic solution, solutes outside red blood cells are greater than within. To equalise the concentration gradient, red blood cells release water. Red blood cells shrink and become crenated.
In a hypotonic solution, solutes outside red blood cells are lower than within. Hemolysis occurs when water enters cells, swelling and perhaps bursting them.
Solute concentrations outside and within red blood cells are equivalent in isotonic solutions. Water does not migrate, and red blood cells remain normal. The term "hydrostatic" does not refer to a red blood cell-affecting solution in a hydrostatic solution. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
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An orchid breeder crosses two types of orchids, one that is tall with a petite bloom and one that is short with a large bloom, with the goal of obtaining a tall orchid with a large bloom. The first cross yields all short flowers with petite blooms. What is the expected yield of tall orchids with large blooms if bred from the first generation
6.25% is the expected yield of tall orchids with large blooms if bred from the first generation.
The genetic explanation of the cross:If orchid plants with two pairs of contrasting characteristics like tall/petite and short/large seeds are crossed the F1 progeny would have all tall plants with petite bloom according to the large bloom of dominance. This implies that tallness is dominant over shortness and the petite bloom is dominant over large bloom. In F2 progeny, there would be some tall plants with petite blooms and short plants with large blooms. However, there would be some plants with recombination of characters such as tall plants with large blooms and short plants with petite blooms. This depicts that tall-short and petite/large traits are inherited independently of each other following law of independent assortment. which states that when two traits are taken in a cross the segregation of one trait is independent of the segregation of other characters.
Phenotypic ratio:9/16 Tallshort : 3/16 Tall petite : 3/16 Tall Large : 1/16 Short Petite ( 9:3:3:1).
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A decline in plasma albumin levels would cause plasma osmotic pressure to _____. Increase Decrease stay the same
A decline in plasma albumin levels would cause plasma osmotic pressure to decrease.
What is plasma osmotic pressure?Plasma osmotic pressure is a type of pressure in the serum of blood caused by its protein content.
The plasma osmotic pressure is mainly due to the presence of albumin, which is the main constituent of the plasma.
In conclusion, a decline in plasma albumin levels would cause plasma osmotic pressure to decrease.
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You are comparing two samples of the octopus genome, one from an octopus that can make ink (sample 1), and one from an Octopus that can’t make ink (sample 2). You notice the one who can’t make ink has a mutation. Sample 1: ATTACAGTACTGGCA Sample 2: ATTACAATACTGGCA
Looking at the sequences carefully you determine it is a __________ mutation.
A. Insertion
B. Deletion
C. Substitution
D. Inversion
The mutation is the modification or change in the nucleotide bases of the genetic material. From the sequence of the octopus, it can be said that it is a substitution mutation. Thus, option C is correct.
What is a substitution mutation?A substitution mutation is the type of mutation where the single nucleotide base is substituted with another base like in sample 2 of the octopus incapable of producing ink, the base G is substituted by base A.
It is not an insertion mutation as no new base is added nor it is a deletion as no base was removed from the original sequence. It also is not an inversion mutation as no two bases have switched their places.
Therefore, it is a substitution mutation.
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In the alveoli of the lungs, air crosses into and out of the capillaries by what process? Perfusion Diffusion Osmosis Vaporization
In the alveoli of the lungs, air crosses into and out of the capillaries by the process of diffusion because the oxygen moves from higher concentration region to lower concentration region.
What is diffusion?Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. This process requires no energy.
So we can conclude that diffusion is the right answer.
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After a mass extinction event, the organisms that survive face unique circumstances in which there are fewer predators and more resources available. This leads to unique opportunities for the surviving organisms to colonize new habitats and diversify. This is termed _______.
After a mass extinction event, the organisms that survive face unique circumstances in which there are fewer predators and more resources available. This is termed Adaptive Radiation.
Adaptive Radiation
Adaptive radiation, which occurs when an environmental change makes new resources available, modifies biotic interactions, or creates new environmental niches, is a process in evolutionary biology wherein animals rapidly diverge from an ancestral species into a variety of different forms.This process culminates in the speciation and phenotypic adaptation of numerous species with various physical and physiological features, all descended from a single ancestor. Finch speciation on the Galapagos Islands, often known as "Darwin's finches" is the classic instance of adaptive radiation, although there are other cases throughout the world.An ecological opportunity or a new adaptive zone is assumed to be the catalyst for adaptive radiations.To learn more about Adaptive Radiation refer to:
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Review the information from the link here, then answer the questions provided.
The___hemisphere controls verbal processing, including reading, writing, and speech.
The___hemisphere controls nonverbal processing, including spatial, musical, and visual tasks.
The___lobe is responsible for speaking, muscle movements, and making plans and judgments.
The___lobe receives and processes information from the visual fields.
Answer:
umm..ok..hope these will help you..
Left hemisphere Left hemisphere Right cerebral hemisphere Left hemisphere Right cerebral hemisphere The frontal lobeLeft hemisphere Right cerebral hemisphere The frontal lobeOccipital lobeAnswer:
left
tight
frontal
occipital
Explanation:
In your biology lab, you use a stereoscopic microscope to observe a living animal that uses only one opening to both take in its food and eject its waste products. What is the body arrangement of this animal
Answer:
The body arrangement of the animal is an incomplete digestive tract and a gastrovascular cavity.
a girl pulling a sled with a mass of 6.0 kg to the left with a force of 10.0 N at a 30.0 degree angle. There is a 1.5 N force of friction to the right. The force of gravity is 58.8 N.
For the girl pulling a sled with a mass of 6.0 kg t the left with a force of 10.0 N at a 30.0° angle, we have:
a) The normal force acting on the sled is 294 N.
b) The acceleration of the sled is 1.2 m/s².
a) We can calculate the normal force acting on the sled, with the sum of all the forces acting in the vertical direction:
(1)
Where:
W: is the weight force or force of gravity = 58.8 N
: is the component of the applied force in the y-direction
N: is the normal force =?
The vertical component of the force () can be calculated as follows:
(2)
Where:
F: is the applied force = 10.0 N
θ: is the angle (with the horizontal) = 30.0°
By entering equation (2) into (1) we have:
Hence, the normal force acting on the sled is 294 N.
b) The acceleration of the sled can be found with the forces acting on the x-direction:
Where:
a: is the acceleration =?
m: is the mass = 6.0 kg
: is the component of the applied force in the x-direction = Fcos(θ)
: is the force of friction = 1.5 N (it is negative because is in the opposite direction of motion)
Therefore, the acceleration is:
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