One of the most important use of cobalt-60 is treating cancer as it produces gamma rays.
In a teletherapy unit as a source of intense gamma radiation for the treatment of a variety of cancers an external sealed source of cobalt-60 is used. Cobalt-60 is also used as a medical tracer. A material that is introduced into the body to make possible the observation of chemical, physical or biological processes in the body is known as medical tracer.
Cobalt-60 emits two high energy gamma rays, making cobalt-60 both an internal and external hazard. Ingestion is the primary exposure pathways of concern which includes (drinking water and fish consumption), and exposure by inhalation and external exposure.
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Should the EPA grant the permit to raise fish off of the coast?
No, EPA should not grant the permit to raise fish off of the coast.
What is EPA rule?EPA full form is Environmental Protection Agency. To safeguard beaches, the EPA collaborates with states, tribes, territories, local governments, and the general public.
The EPA enforces various rules that restrict water pollution sources to our coastal beaches and ocean water.
(i) the Clean Water Act;
(ii) the Clean Boating Act; and
(iii) the Oil Pollution Act.
The EPA broadened its efforts to enhance the quality of coastal recreation waters and safeguard beach goers' health.
So, EPA should not grant the permit to raise fish off of the coast.
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the atomic mass and abundance of Si-28 is 27.977 amu and 92.2%. The atomic mass and abundance of Si-29 is 28.976 amu and 4.7%. The atomic mass and abundance of Si-30 is 29.974 amu and 3.1%. which is the average atomic mass of silicon?
Si-30 has a 29.974 amu atomic mass and a 3.1% abundance. and silicon's typical atomic mass is 28.09 AMU.
The definition of atomic massThe amount of matter that makes up an element's atom, or atomic mass. It is stated as a multiple of 1.992646547 1023 gram, which is equal to one-twelfth of the mass of the carbon-12 atom, which has an atomic mass of 12 units.
Is atomic mass equivalent to weight?The mass of a single atom or isotope is referred to as its "atomic mass." An element's average weight compared to all of its isotopes and their proportionate abundances is known as its atomic weight. Isotope atomic masses have no bearing on atomic mass.
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Aume that 437. 7 j of heat i added to 5. 00 g of water originally at 23. 0C what would be the final temperature of the water
The final temperature of the water is 43.92°C.
What is specific heat capacity?
The specific heat is defined as amount of energy in the form of heat to change heat content of 1 gram of substance by one-degree Celsius temperature.
Specific heat capacity of water = 4.184J/g°C
heat (q) = 437.7 J
Initial temperature = 23°C
Final temperature = T
mass of water = 5.00g
using the equation: q= mₓcₓΔT
437.7 = 5ₓ4.184ₓ(T- 23.0)
(T-23.0) = 437.7/ (5ₓ4.184)
T= 23.0°C +20.92°C = 43.92°C
T= 43.92°C
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Calculate the kinetic energy of the cart at the point shown below. It has a mass of 800 kg, is 80 m high, and is moving at a velocity of 10 m/s.
Answer:
To calculate the kinetic energy of an object, we use the formula KE = 1/2 * m * v^2, where KE is the kinetic energy, m is the mass of the object, and v is the velocity of the object. In this case, the kinetic energy of the cart would be calculated as follows: KE = 1/2 * 800 kg * 10 m/s^2 = 4000 J.
Explanation:
However, it's important to note that the kinetic energy of an object depends not only on its mass and velocity, but also on its height. In the case of a cart moving down a slope, the potential energy it has due to its height will be converted into kinetic energy as it moves. Therefore, in order to accurately calculate the kinetic energy of the cart, we would need to know its height relative to some reference point (such as the ground), as well as its velocity.
What is the equation for finding the mass of a system
The equation for finding the mass of a system is:
mass = density x volume
where density is the mass per unit volume of a substance, and volume is the amount of space that a substance occupies.
To use this equation, you need to know the density and volume of the substance in question. For example, if you have a block of iron with a density of 7.8 g/cm^3 and a volume of 50 cm^3, you can find its mass using the equation above:
mass = density x volume
= 7.8 g/cm^3 x 50 cm^3
= 390 g
This means that the mass of the block of iron is 390 grams.
Which of the following examples is a compound containing an ionic bond?
O A. 0₂
о B. H20
O C. Cao
OD. CHA
Metals and non-metals come together to produce CaO ionic bonds. The only metals and non-metals, respectively, are calcium and oxygen. The remaining choices are covalent bonding (bonds between non-metals).
Ionic bonds, also known as electrovalent bonds, are a type of linkage created in a chemical molecule by the electrostatic attraction of ions with opposing charges. When the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are permanently transferred to another atom, a bond of this kind is created.The exchange of one or more electrons between atoms results in the formation of ionic bonds between two or more atoms. Positive ions called cations and negative ions called anions are created during electron transfer. Ionic materials can be found as crystalline solids.For more information on ionic bonds kindly visit to
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Mr. Vincent, the psychology teacher, invited his students stay after school to participate in a study on learning styles so that he could better understand how to teach them. 25 of his students participated.
Is this a random sample of the teacher's students?
The balanced combustion reaction for C6H6
is
2C6H6(l)+15O2(g)⟶12CO2(g)+6H2O(l)+6542 kJ
If 8.400 g C6H6
is burned and the heat produced from the burning is added to 5691 g
of water at 21 ∘
C, what is the final temperature of the water?
Final temperature is 30.3ºC
What is Temperature?
The term "temperature" refers to a measurement of an object's average kinetic energy, which is a category of energy linked to motion and used to describe how hot or cold an object is. But how hot and how frigid are they exactly? Hot and cool are not really scientific concepts. A physical scientist would check the metal's liquid state's temperature to find the answer. It is less confusing to use temperature instead of phrases like hot or cold.
The reaction's H is -6542 kJ as written. The heat produced by igniting 2 moles of C6H6(l) and producing 12 moles of CO2(g), for example, is represented by this.
We can determine moles of C6H6 combusted from the given mass of C6H6. We can then calculate the heat that would be produced based on that value. We can determine the change in water temperature after determining the amount of heat produced.
0.06785 moles are equal to 5.300 g C6H6 x 1 mol/78.11 g.
heat produced is equal to 221.9 kJ/0.06785 moles x 6542 kJ/2 moles.
q = mC∆T
(5.691 kg)(4.184 kJ/kg/deg)(T) = 221.9 kJ
T is equal to 221.9 kJ/(5.691 kg)(4.184 kJ/kg/deg).
T=9.3 degrees.
Final temperature equals 21° plus 9.3°, or 30.3°C
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for a radical addition reaction involving hbr and propene, sort each reaction step into initiation, propagation and termination steps.
comprises start, propagation, and termination for a radical addition reaction employing HBr and propene. The following is the reaction:
----> CH3CH=CH2 + HBr + peroxide CH₃CH₂CH₂Br
1) The following actions are included in the initiation steps:
RO - RO ——> ----> 2RO° RO° + H- Br ROH + Br°
2) The propagation steps that are involved in this step are:
CH2 + Br° = CH3 - CH — CH3, CH2, and CH2Br
----> CH3 - °CH - CH2 - Br + H - Br Br + Br° CH3 - CH2 - CH2 -
3) The final phase consists of:
Br° + Br° ——> Br - Br\s2 Br --->
CH3 - °CH - CH2 - CH3, CH2, CH2, and Br
|
CH3, CH2, CH2, and Br
Br + Br° ---> CH3 - °CH - CH2 - CH3 - CH - CH2 - Br | Br
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. a molecule of chlorine has atoms of the same element, and a molecule of carbon dioxide has different kinds of atoms. based on this information, chlorine is and carbon dioxide is______ .
Chlorine is an element and carbon dioxide is a compound, this is the answer to the above question.
The matter is divided into categories using elements, compounds, and mixtures. Because all of the atoms in the simplest chemical compounds are the same size, they are referred to as elements. Compounds are made up of two or more elements that are chemically linked together in a certain sequence.
Elements, which are subcategories of atoms, may be defined by the same amount of protons. An element's atoms have the same number of protons, but its mass and number of neutrons may differ.
A compound is a substance that combines two or more distinct elemental kinds in a certain ratio of its atoms. During the process of fusion, some of the distinctive attributes of the constituent pieces are lost while the newly formed molecule picks up new traits. Compounds are represented using chemical formulae.
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Answer:
Explanation:
chlorine is an element while carbon dyxoide is a compound
Write the balanced COMPLETE
ionic equation for the reaction
when aluminum nitrate and sodium
hydroxide are mixed in aqueous
solution. If no reaction occurs,
simply write only NR. Be sure to
include the proper phases for all
species within the reaction.
Answer: Al(NO3)3 + 3NaOH ==> Al(OH)3 + 3NaNO3
Explanation:
NH₄NO₃ + NaOH ---> AlOH3 + 3NaNO3
Al(NO3)3 + 3NaOH ==> Al(OH)3 + 3NaNO3
Aluminium Nitrate + Sodium Hydroxide ----> Aluminium Hydroxide + Sodium Nitrate
the half-life of radium-226 is 1620 years. how long will it take for the original amount to be reduced by 55%?
If the half-life of radium-226 is 1620 years. The for 55% decomposition of its original amount will take 1397 years.
Calculate the half-life by using the formula as,
A(t) = I(0.5)^t/t1/2
Where t1/2 = half life = 1620
Final amount, A(t) = 0.55 of its original amount = 0.55I
Hence, we have
0.55I = I(0.5)^t/1620
Taking the log of both sides we get,
log(0.55) = log(0.5)^t/1620
t/1620 = log(0.55) / log(0.5)
t/1620 = 0.8624964
t = 0.8624964 × 1620
t = 1397.2441
t = 1397 (nearest whole number)
Hence, for 55% decomposition of its original amount will take 1397 years.
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a 500. gram iron ore sample was determined to contain 242 grams of iron. what is the mass percent of iron in the ore? a 500. gram iron ore sample was determined to contain 242 grams of iron. what is the mass percent of iron in the ore? 51.6 48.4 32.6 93.7 none of the above
242 grams more iron were found to be present in a 500 gram sample of iron ore. 48.4 mass percentage of iron is present in the ore.
To get the mass percent of a component of a compound, divide the result by 100 after dividing the mass of the component in 1 mole of a complex by the compound's molar. Although certain ores include quite so much as 66 % iron, the majority are in the 50–60 %, making deposits with less that 30 % iron commercially unappealing. The other components of an ore, referred to as gangue as a whole, can also affect the quality of the ore. 60% to 70% of haematite is made entirely of iron ore. 40% to 60% of limonite is pure iron. Siderite only contains 40% - 50% pure iron and is heavily contaminated. Iron ore in haematite is 60–70% pure iron. In limonite, there is 40–60% pure iron. Siderite has several impurities.
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An instructor needs to make 400 mL of a silver nitrate solution that has a concentration of 0.01 M. How many milliliters of the 0.5 M solution should be used?
ok
l. will give you two apple you have two equals to four 2+2=4
. calculate the emission wavelength (nm) of excited atoms that lie 3.371 1019 j per molecule above the ground state.
The emission wavelength (nm) of excited atoms are −54.44 eV.
The equation E=hc can be used to determine the emission line's wavelength. The energy difference between the excited state and ground level is indicated here by the symbols E, h, c, and.
How much energy is required to reach the first excited state from the ground state?An atom's ground state and excited state differ in energy by a factor of 31019 J.
How is the excited state determined?Atoms that resemble hydrogen, i.e. The energy levels for H, He+, Li2+, etc. are provided by:
En=Z2 = 13:61 eVn2. where n is the quantum level and Z is the atomic number.
E2=−22⋅13.61 eV22. =−13.61 eV.
E1=−22⋅13.61 eV12. =−54.44 eV.
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Determine the concentration of a solution prepared by diluting 20. 0 mL of a 0. 200 M CSOH to a final volume of 250. 0 mL.
(CsOH = 149. 92 g/mol)
a) 0. 00800 M
b) 0. 0320 M
c) 1. 25 M
d) 0. 0160 M
e) 0. 160M
The concentration of solution is 0.0160M.
Option d) is correct
What is dilution equation?
When we dilute a solution by increasing the volume so as to decrease the molarity of the substance. By using this we can find the concentration.
M₁V₁=M₂V₂
M1 = initial molarity =0.200M
M2= Final molarity =M2
V1= Initial volume= 20mL
V2= Final volume = 250mL
Using this equation
0.200×20/1000 = M2×250/1000
⇒M2 = 0.400/ 25 = 0.0160M
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Pls help with this question!!
Zinc sulfate is an ionic compound formed between one atom of zinc and one copy of the polyatomic ion sulfate, which contains one atom of sulfur and four atoms of oxygen. The molar mass of zinc sulfate is calculated above.
What percent of the mass in a sample of zinc sulfate comes from the zinc?
The percent of the mass in a sample of zinc sulfate that comes from zinc would be 40.50%. Option 5.
Percent CompositionThe percent composition of a component in a substance is the ratio of the mass of the component and the mass of the substance itself.
This can be mathematically expressed as;
Pecent composition= mass of component/mass of substance x 100%
In this case, the substance is zinc sulfate, a compound that contains zinc, sulfur, and oxygen in a ratio 1:1:4.
The molar weight of zinc is 65.38 while the molar mass of the entire zinc sulfate is 161.442.
Thus, the percent of the mass of any sample of zinc sulfate that comes from zinc would be:
Percent zinc = 65.38/161.442 x 100
= 40.50%
In other words, the percent of zinc in any zinc sulfate sample would be 40.50%
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what is the definition of equilibrium? do chemical reactions stop occurring once cquilibrium is reached?
a situation when opposing forces or actions are in equilibrium, whether that balance is static (such as when forces are applied to a body and the resultant is zero) or dynamic (such as in a chemical process that is reversible when the velocities in both directions are equal): a condition of mental or emotional equilibrium.
What is a simple definition of equilibrium in chemistry?
When the rates of the forward and backward reactions are identical, chemical equilibrium is reached. In other words, there is no net change in the reactant and product concentrations.
Equilibrium in chemicals is a dynamic process. Even after equilibrium has been attained, the forward and reverse reactions still happen. However, for a reaction that is at equilibrium, there is no change in the relative concentrations of reactants and products because the reaction rates are the same.
The reaction, though, continues unabated. Instead, the process reaches a state of chemical equilibrium where the forward reaction is producing products as quickly as the reverse reaction is converting reactants into products.
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what is the maximum mass of magneium metal should be used in its reaction with hcl so that the total pressure does not exceed 1.5 atm
The maximum mass of magnesium used in its reaction with HCl is 0.08gm so the total pressure does not exceed 1.5 atm.
We will use ideal gas laws to solve this
For the final pressure, P = 1.5 atm
Change in pressure = 1.5-1
= 0.5 atm
Volume = 0.161L
T= 298K
What are ideal gas laws?The equation of state for a synthetic perfect gas is known as the ideal gas law, sometimes known as the generic gas equation. Although it has significant drawbacks, it is a decent approximation of the behavior of many gases under various conditions.
Only an ideal gas or a real gas that behaves enough like an ideal gas can be approximated by the equation of state presented here (PV = nRT). The equation of state can be expressed in a wide variety of ways.
Calculation:Let the moles of H, produced then
Using ideal gas law
P×V= n×R×T
0.5 × 0.161 = n × 0.0821 × 298
n=0.00329
Mg+ 2HCl⇒ Mg.Cl2 + H₂
Moles of H, 0.00329 1 mole of Mg gives 1 mole of H
Therefore, number of moles of Mg-0.0329
Mass of Mg=0.00329 × 24.3
Mass of Mg=0.08 gm
The maximum mass of magnesium used in its reaction with HCl is 0.08gm so the total pressure does not exceed 1.5 atm.
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Which phrase describes a risk of using the radioisotope co-60 in treating cancer.
The phrase that describes a risk of using the radioisotope Co-60 in treating cancer is "increased biological exposure".
Use of Co-60 in treatment of cancer
The medical use of gamma rays from the radioisotope cobalt-60 to treat conditions such as cancer is known as Cobalt therapy. In the early 1950s, cobalt-60 was widely used in external beam radiotherapy (teletherapy) machines, which produces a beam of gamma rays which was directed into the patient's body to kill tumor tissue and treat cancer.
Hence, the use of Co-60 is now-a-days importantly used to treat conditions like cancer and the phrase used is "increased biological exposure".
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what are organelles explain
Answer:
I hope this helped
Explanation:
An organelle is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell, much like an organ does in the body. Among the more important cell organelles are the nuclei, which store genetic information; mitochondria, which produce chemical energy; and ribosomes, which assemble proteins.
if you have an atom from group 2 of the periodic table, and it reacts with an atom from group 17 of the periodic table, what is the general formula?
When an atom from group 2 of the periodic table(say X) reacts with an atom of group 17(say Y), then the general formula is XY₂.
The elements present in group 2 of the periodic table (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) are metals having valency 2. On the other hand, the elements present in group 17 ( F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts) are halogens or non-metals having valency 1. So, elements from both these groups combine together by transfer of electrons, forming an ionic bond between them.
The general formula is formed by exchange of valencies.
here, valency of X=2, Y=1
Thus, the general formula is XY₂
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Can someone help please!
In an emission spectrum, the amount of visible light emitted during heating of metals is proportional to the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus.
What is an emission spectrum?Emission spectrum is defined as a spectrum of a chemical compound or substance composed of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. Radiations which are emitted while electron make transition from higher to lower energy level.
Energy of photon is equal to the difference between the two energy states . There are many possible electronic transitions in an atom and every transition has a specific wavelength.
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Which of the following samples of gas would have a new volume of 2.00 liters if the pressure is decreased from 4.00 atm to
2.00 atm at constant temperature?
6.00 L
8.00 L
4.00 L
1.00 L
Answer: 1.00 L
Explanation: Pressure and Volume are inversely proportionate. The volume increases at a factor of 2, from 1.00 L to 2.00 L. This means the pressure would decrease by a factor of 2, from 4.00 atm to 2.00 atm. Think about it, if you had a box and it doubled in the space, the same amount of gas is still in the container and the pressure would be half as much as these gas particles would have half the amount of collisions against the walls
patty is given 74 ml of a substance that has a density of 1.21 g/ml what is the mass of the substance
Answer:
[tex] \huge{ \boxed{89.54 \: g}}[/tex]
Explanation:
To find the mass of an object given it's volume and density, we use the formula;
[tex] \bold{density( \rho) = \frac{mass}{volume} \\ }[/tex]
Since the mass is the unknown variable in the question, we make mass the subject and solve.
mass = density × volume
From the question
density = 1.21 g/mlvolume = 74 ml[tex] \text{mass} = 1.21 \times 74 = 89.54[/tex]
We have the final answer as
89.54 gThe pace huttle orbiter utilize the oxidation of methyl hydrazine by dinitrogen tetroxide for propulion. 4 N2H3CH3(l) 5 N2O4(l) 12 H2O(g) 9 N2(g) 4 CO2(g)
Calculate ΔH° for thi reaction
The reaction's electron gain enthalopy is ΔH = -5591 kJ/ mol.(approximately)
What, using an example, is electron gain enthalpy?An illustration of electron gain enthalpy ,As a result, an element's second electron gain entropy is positive. For instance, energy is released whenever an electron is attached to a sulfur atom to create an S- ion, whereas energy is needed whenever an electron is attached to an S- ion to create an S2- ion.
Briefing:5N2O4 (l) + 4N2H3CH3 (l) ⇒ 12H2O (g) + 9N2 (g) + 4CO2 (g)
First, sketch the remaining product structures so that you can see the bonds. You ought to purchase the following:
H2O: H-O-H (pretend it's bent)
N2: N≡N
CO2: O=C=O
Step two is to research the average bond strengths of each component (reactants/productsbonds. )'s
Reactants:
N-N: 160 kJ/mol
N=O: 607 kJ/mol
N-O: 210 kJ/mol
N-H: 391 kJ/mol
C-N: 305 kJ/mol
C-H: 413 kJ/mol
Products:
O-H: 467 kJ/mol
N≡N: 941 kJ/mol
C=O: 799 kJ/mol (use the value with * since the bond is in CO2)
Step three is to count the quantity of each type of bond present in the reactants and products. The total bond strengths for every type of bond can then be determined by multiplying those values by the numbers in the balanced chemical equation above.
(For example, since the reactants include a total of nine N-N bonds—five from N2O4 and four from N2H3CH3—you multiply the covalent bond for N-N by nine, or nine times 160, to obtain a total of 1440 KJ/mol.)
Reactants:
N-N: 9*(160)= 1440 kJ/mol
N=O: 10*(607)= 6070 kJ/mol
N-O: 10*(210)= 2100 kJ/mol
N-H: 12*(391)= 4692 kJ/mol
C-N: 4*(305)= 1220 kJ/mol
C-H: 12*(413)= 4956 kJ/mol
Products:
O-H: 24*(467)= 11208 kJ/mol
N≡N: 9*(941)= 8469 kJ/mol
C=O: 8*(799)= 6392 kJ/mol
NOTE: In the balancing equation, I increased the binding energy for the two O-H bonds even by 12 H2O to get 24* for molecules like H2O. (467).
Add all the numbers for the reactants and the products respectively, in step four.
Reactants:
1440+6070+2100+4692+1220+4956= 20478 kJ/mol
Products:
11208+8469+6392= 26069 kJ/mol
In order to find ΔH in step five, remove the bond strengths for the product from the reactants.
ΔH= 20478 - 26069= -5591 kJ/ mol of rxn
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What will a hurricane do when it hits landfall
A.It will weaken
B.It will get stronger
C.It will not change
(HELP ASAP)
Answer:
A
Explanation:
because it doesn't have the ocean water to gain energy
A 0. 307-g sample of an unknown triprotic acid is titrated to the third equivalence point using 35. 2 ml of 0. 106 m naoh. Calculate the molar mass of the acid.
Based on the nature of the acid as a triptotic acid, the molar mass of the acid is 247 g/mol.
What is a triprotic acid?
A triprotic acid is an acid which produces three moles of protons when dissolved in water.
The equation of the reaction at equivalence can be shown as follows;
H₃X + 3 NaOH ⇒ Na₃X + 3 H₃O
where X is the counter ion of the triprotic acid.
The ratio between the reacted acid and base at the third equivalence point = 1:3
The moles of substance reacted is calculated with the formula given below:
moles of substance reacted = molarity * volume
moles of NaOH reacted = 0.106M * 0.0352L = 0.003731 mole.
Thus, moles of H₃X reacted = 0.003731 moles /3
moles of H₃X reacted = 0.001244mole.
The molar mass of the acid can be calculated using the formula below:
molar mass = mass /moles
molar mass of the acid = 0.307g / 0.001244mole
molar mass of acid = 247 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of the acid is 247 g/mol.
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What do subscripts explain in a chemical formula?
A)the number of bonds for each ion present
B)the number of atoms for each element present
C)the charge of each ion present
D)the chemical symbol for each element present
Which of the following elements has the same number of valence electrons as the element boron
Answer:
Boron and argon have 3 and 8 valence electrons respectively.
Aluminum and calcium have 3 and 2 valence electrons respectively.
Explanation:
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