From the following, the one which best fits the Fisher hypothesis is that interest rates tend to be higher than the inflation rates.
The Fisher hypothesis, is said to state that the nominal interest rates tend to rise point- for-point with the expected inflation, which happens by leaving the real rate unaffected, and which is one of the cornerstones of neoclassical monetary theory.
However, for instance, in an economy without the taxes in which the demand for and the supply of lending is said to determine the equilibrium which is of real rate of interest.
Hence, the Fisher hypothesis was proposed by an economist named Irving Fisher.
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consider if this is the best site for comparison based on george's criteria
George Whistleblowing Decision Criteria. Permissive Whistle Blowing per De George criteria The harm that will be done by the product [or company action] to the public is serious and considerable.
What is the most popular way to structure your thoughts while comparing and contrasting things?In order to organize a compare and contrast essay, there are two main methods. Organize the topics themselves, starting with the first. Organize your discussion into distinct points, then talk about each topic in connection to each point.
What does a comparison criterion mean?Risk, cost, benefit, and practicability are examples of comparison criteria that are defined in R18-16-407(H) (3). The meaning of "community involvement area" is the same as that given in A.R.S. 49-281. (3). comparison standards entail.
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functional currency is a. the currency of the primary economic environment in which the subsidiary operates and generates cash flows. b. the currency of the country where the corporation is incorporated. c. the weighted average of the currencies of all foreign subsidiaries. d. the currency proscribed by the national laws of the subsidiary's country of incorporation.
The correct answer is functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the subsidiary operates and generates cash flows.
The primary currency in which a business transacts is called a functional currency. The foreign currencies must be converted into the functional currency because businesses deal in a variety of currencies but only report their financial statement in one.
The term "functional currency" describes the primary currency that a company or division of a company uses. It is the primary economic environment's monetary unit of account in which an economic entity functions.
Rules for translating foreign currency transactions and financial statements are provided by International Accounting Standards (IAS) and generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States.
The currency of the major economic environment is functional in which the entity works; typically, that is, the currency of the environment in which a company generates and expends most of its revenue."
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employees who think hr practices are established to improve performance and benefit workers reciprocate these feelings with greater commitment and performance. true false
The statement that employees who think hr practices are established to improve performance and benefit workers reciprocate these feelings with greater commitment and performance is true.
What is techniques for human resources?The strategic HR operations are included in HR practices. They serve as the cornerstone and direction for managing the workforce of the organization, and they ought to work in tandem with the executive business plan. Setting the HR department's mission and goals is one example of an HR practice.
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explain the difference between a stock dividend and a stock split. as a stockholder, would you prefer to see your company declare a 100% stock dividend or a 2-for-1 split? assume that either action is feasible.
A stock split is a division of issued shares in a ratio determined by the company, while a stock dividend is a dividend paid in the form of extra shares.
What is a stock dividend?Generally, A common stock dividend is a payment made from a company's earnings to holders of common stock.
The distribution is made in the form of stock or cash, much like regular dividends. The amount of the common stock dividend may be regulated by law, especially if it is paid as a cash distribution that is effectively liquidation.
A stock dividend is simply the equitable distribution of a company's own shares of stock to its shareholders on a proportionate basis. '
The term "stock split" refers to the practice of splitting the total number of outstanding shares currently held by shareholders into a number of smaller shares.
The proportion of a stock dividend that is distributed to shareholders is added to the total number of shares.
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if you lived in a place with no government-funded police force, you would expect community safety to be (click to select) . c. suppose that some neighbors get together and organize a block watch group. what term do economists use to describe someone who lives in the neighborhood but chooses not to volunteer as part of the block watch? economists refer to this person as
If you lived in a place with no government-funded police force, you would expect community safety to be undersupplied.
Free riders use to describe someone who lives in the neighborhood but chooses not to volunteer as part of the block watch.
Compared to the typical accounting practises used by firms, government accounting is far more complicated. In this regard, it's crucial to keep in mind that government accounting is crucial for a variety of reasons.
Since the money that governments get is theoretically the result of public collecting, which makes them responsible for it, governments must be held responsible for it. Governmental accounting and money management are therefore seen as being a very important component of organisations.
The primary source of income for every given government is public monies. Governments set up established accounts in a similar way to any operating corporation in order to accomplish specific goals and objectives.
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provided a firm does not use an extreme amount of debt, operating leverage typically affects only eps, while financial leverage affects both eps and ebit.
Provided a firm does not use an extreme amount of debt, operating leverage typically affects only eps, while financial leverage affects both eps and ebit.
This statement is False.
Leverage is an investment strategy that uses borrowed money (specifically, the use of various financial instruments or borrowed capital) to increase the potential return on investment. Leverage can also refer to the amount of debt a company uses to fund its assets.
Leverage is the use of borrowed money by an investor or company to increase the return on investment. Companies and individual investors often use leverage to make profits. Leverage is best calculated using the debt-to-equity ratio.
Borrowing money for expansion or investment is called 'leverage'. Because the purpose is to generate more value from the loan than would otherwise be possible.
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Henry wants to sell rings at a craft fair for $8 each. The materials for each ring cost $1. 50, and the table rental at the fair costs $91 for the day. How many rings does he need to sell for his revenue to equal his expenses?.
He has to sell 14 rings in order to make enough money to cover his expenses.
How many rings must he sell to make a profit?In order to determine how many rings must be sold for him to break even, we must first determine the profit he makes on each ring sold, from which he may deduct funds to pay for supplies, which would be the selling price less expenses:
8-1.5=6.5
The profit must now be divided by the 91 in supplies:
91/6.5=14
He must thus sell 14 rings in order to cover his costs and replenish his inventory.
For Henry's income to meet his costs, he must sell 14 rings.
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on january 1, 2022, woodstock, inc. purchased a machine costing $40,000. woodstock also paid $1,000 for transportation and installation. the expected useful life of the machine is 6 years and the residual value is $5,000. how much is the annual depreciation expense assuming use of the straight-line depreciation method?
a. $6,100.
b. $6,000.
c. $5,950.
d. $5,750.
The annual depreciation expense assuming the use of the straight-line depreciation method is $6,000. Option B.
Calculation:
Annual depreciation under SLM:
= (Asset cost-Salvage value) + Useful life of the asset
= ($40,000+$1,000 - $5,000)/6
= $36,000/6
= $6,000
Residual value, also called residual value, is the estimated value of an item of property, plant, and equipment at the end of the lease term or useful life. In a leasing situation, the lessor uses the residual value as one of the primary ways to determine how much the lessee will pay in regular lease payments. Residual value is one of the components of a lease calculation or transaction.
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at the equilibrium real interest rate in the open-economy macroeconomic model, the amount that people want to save equals the desired quantity of
The factors that influence the supply and demand of money are emphasized in the monetary approach to open-economy macroeconomics.
What is open-economy macroeconomics?The factors that influence the supply and demand of money are emphasized in the monetary approach to open-economy macroeconomics. Fixed and floating exchange rates allow for various analyses of the monetary strategy. The term "monetary approach to balance of payments" refers to the approach when the exchange rate is stable and it applies to the balance of payments. As opposed to this, the Monetary Technique to Exchange Rates is the approach that clarifies exchange rate changes when exchange rates are floating. This chapter covers both strategies in great detail, starting with the fundamental ideas and presumptions and moving on to the models' potential policy ramifications.We also go into great length on sterilized intervention in a floating exchange rate system and sterilized sterilization, which is the offsetting of foreign reserve flows by central banks that desire to pursue an independent monetary policy.To Learn more About open-economy macroeconomics refer to:
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Because of the tender meat required, which of these cooking methods are the most expensive?
A. Braising and frying
B. Grilling and sautéing
C. Steaming and broiling
D. Baking and roasting
Steaming and Broiling are incorrect on Pennfoster.
Answer:
look below
Explanation:
It's not accurate to say that any specific cooking method is inherently more expensive than others. The cost of a particular dish can depend on a variety of factors, including the type of meat or other ingredients being used, the equipment required for the cooking method, and the time and labor needed to prepare the dish.
For example, braising and frying can be expensive if you are using expensive cuts of meat or if you need to use a lot of oil or other ingredients. Grilling and sautéing can also be expensive if you are using expensive cuts of meat or if you need to use a lot of fuel or other ingredients.
On the other hand, steaming and broiling can be relatively inexpensive cooking methods, as they typically do not require as much equipment or ingredients as other methods. Baking and roasting can also be relatively inexpensive, depending on the ingredients being used.
Ultimately, the cost of a particular dish will depend on the specific ingredients and cooking method being used, and it's not possible to make a blanket statement about which method is the most expensive.
if the mpc is 0.50 and the equilibrium gdp is $100 billion below the full-employment gdp, then the size of the recessionary expenditure gap is
Correct answer is $50 billion.
Explanation,
Given,
MPC = 0.50
GDP gap = $100 Billion
Therefore the recessionary hole is given by:
Recessionary Gap=(1−MPC)×GDP Gap=(1−0.50)×100=0.50×100=50
That is the dimension of the recessionary hole is $50 Billion.
A recessionary gap, or contractionary gap, occurs when a country's actual GDP is lower than its GDP at full employment. Recessionary gaps shut when actual wages return to equilibrium, and the extent of labor demanded equals the volume supplied.
What is a recessionary hole example?In 2005, the US financial system had a viable GDP of 66.86 billion, whereas its actual GDP was 17.95 billion. Since the potential GPD is greater than the actual GDP, there is a recessionary gap. In other words, the US economic system operates beneath its full-employment level.
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https://brainly.com/question/14042099#SPJ4as of 2015, farms were taxed at 14 percent for income up to $42,000; at 17 percent for income ranging from $42,000 to $80,000; at 32 percent for taxable income $80,000 to $93,000; at 34 percent for income from $93,000 to $208,000, and so on. suppose that you have revenues of $236,200 and operating expense of $63,100. how much tax is paid on the total taxable income?
According to the given information is $267,100,$4,620,$4,320,$81,096,30.36%,36%.
What are an example and income?Income is the money that an individual or group receives in exchange for laboring, providing goods or services, or investing in capital. While most businesses generate money by selling their products or services that cost more costs to produce them, people typically earn money through wages and salaries.
What are your top 3 sources of income?The three fundamental types of income are earned, passive, and portfolio. Salary, gratuities, commissions, and wages are all examples of earned money. Potential passive or undeserved income sources include limited partnerships, rental properties, and royalties. Investment income can come in the form of interest, dividends, or capital gains on assets.
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a stock had returns of 5, 14, 11, -8, and 6 percent over the past 5 years. the standard deviation for this stock is:
The correct answer is 8.44 percent. Average return = (.05 + .14 + .11 − .08 + .06)/5.
Average return = .056
σ = {[1/(5 − 1)] [(.05 − .056)2 + (.14 − .056)2 + (.11 − .056)2 + (−.08 − .056)2 + (.06 − .056)2]}.5
= 8.44
A standard deviation (or σ) could be a life of however distributed the information is in relevance to the mean. Low variance means that information is clustered around the mean, and high variance indicates information ar a lot detached.
Step 1: Notice the mean.
Step 2: for every datum, notice the sq. of its distance to the mean.
Step 3: Total the values from Step two.
Step 4: Divide by the number of information points.
Standard deviation measures the dispersion of a dataset relative to its mean. It's calculated because of the root of the variance. Variance, in finance, is commonly used as a life of relative peril of plus.
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true or false: research shows that every dollar spent on multisystemic family therapy saves taxpayers five dollars.
Research shows that every dollar spent on multisystemic family therapy saves five dollars this statement is true.
What Is a Taxpayer?Any person or company that must pay taxes to the federal, state, or municipal governments is considered a taxpayer. The majority of a government's income comes from taxes, both on citizens and on enterprises.
Who or what is a taxpayer, and why?The word "taxpayer" comes from a period when buildings were built at a low cost in densely inhabited areas so that property owners could reclaim their property taxes.
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quality assurance programs have been successful in many manufacturing environments because they increase workers’ autonomy over the work process.T/F
This claim is untrue since employees' lack of authority out over process has resulted in lower success rates.
What does "assurance" mean?A high degree of conviction that something is correct, accurate, and usable is referred to as assurance. After carefully examining the papers and information that were the topic of the auditing or review, professionals certify these positive affirmations.
How do assurance and insurance differ?The process of making up for a loss—such as one brought on by an accidents, fire, theft, flood, etc.—is referred to as insurance. Providing financial assistance for a certain circumstance is called to it as assurance. a serious illness, demise, or impairment, as an illustration.
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n international manager can best develop an understanding of a particular culture by . a. creating a cultural profile for that country or region in which the firm does business b. assuming that his or her own cultural styles and practices can be successfully followed in the host country c. using stereotypes to develop cross-cultural understanding in a business setting d. hiring locals rather than expatriates for management positions in overseas subsidiaries
Constructing a cultural profile for the nation or area where the company operates
Explain about the international manager?The global operations of a corporation are managed by international business managers. All of a company's overseas business is within their purview. global marketing, manufacturing abroad, or global sales.
First-line managers, middle managers, top managers, and team leaders are the four most prevalent categories of managers. These positions vary not only in terms of their daily tasks but also in terms of their overall roles within the company and the kinds of workers they supervise.
Foster communication and teamwork in order to foster relationships and understanding among team members, managers should encourage team members to discuss how their cultural differences relate to their job. Putting out cohesive goals is the following phase.
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for information to be of real value to a manager, it must be accurate information. what is meant by accuracy? a.accuracy means that information must be communicated by using the right medium. b.accuracy means that the information must provide a valid and reliable reflection of reality. c.accuracy means that information needs to be available in time for appropriate managerial action. d.accuracy means that information should be analyzed. e.accuracy means that information should be complete.
Accurate information is necessary for it to be truly valuable to a management. Accuracy requires that the data present a true and trustworthy reflection of reality.
What are facts and illustrations?It is a collection of information that has been arranged for human consumption since knowledge aids in decision-making. Timetables, merit lists, report cards, headed table, printed documents (pay stubs, receipts, reports, etc.) are a few examples.
What is information, simply put?Knowledge acquired by study, communications, research, or education is referred to as information. Information is, in essence, the outcome of the analysis and interpretation of data. Information is the interpretation of those elements of knowledge, whereas data is the particular figures, numbers, or graphs.
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profitability ratios are prepared by company employees for internal use only. this statement is:______.
Profitability ratios are prepared by company employees for internal use only. This statement is True.
What is the profitability ratio?
Profitability ratios are a class of financial statistics that assess a company's ability to produce profits in relation to its revenue, operational costs, balance sheet assets, or shareholders' equity over time using information at a single point in time.
How are profitability ratios determined?
Ratios of profitability
Net income minus the average total assets equals return on assets. The return-on-assets ratio shows how profitable a company is in relation to its assets.
Net income minus average shareholder equity is return on equity. This ratio displays the return on shareholder investments for your company.
Profitability ratios are used by who?
Profitability ratios are one crucial statistic that investors, bankers, and business owners use to assess the viability and health of a company as well as the effectiveness of its operations.
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a business philosophy that suggests that local point of a business strategy must be customers in intends to serve is called
The advantages that a company's goods and services will provide to their clients are distinctly stated in a value proposition.
What is value proposition?The advantages that a company's goods and services will provide to their clients are distinctly stated in a value proposition.In the marketplace and among a target market or target audience, a well-crafted value proposition will set apart the company and/or its particular product or service.A corporation should use its value proposition statement as an opportunity to explain to customers why the business, its product, or its service is the best one to purchase. In a nutshell, it explains how the business can best satisfy the client's wants or address their issues.This should be accomplished by the value proposition in an accessible, succinct manner that clients will remember.As a result, a value proposition should be viewed as a strategy for attracting customers, retaining their business, positioning the business in the industry, increasing sales, and ultimately gaining a competitive edge.According to a 1988 staff document for the consulting company McKinsey & Co., Michael Lanning and Edward Michaels are credited for coining the term "value proposition." The writers of the essay "A business is a value delivery system" define a value proposition as "a clear, basic statement of the benefits, both tangible and intangible, that the company will provide, coupled with the approximate price it will charge each client segment for those services."To Learn more About value proposition refer To:
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If a company reports goodwill as an intangible asset on its books, what is the one thing you know with certainty?.
If a company reports goodwill as an intangible asset on its books, it means that the company purchased another company.
Goodwill is an intangible asset that helps in understanding the excess purchase price of another company. It compares the purchase price of a company and deducts the differences between the fair market value of assets and liabilities.
It contains a company's value, brand, reputation, etc. It has more unlimited life than other intangible assets. The company is required to review the value of goodwill at least once a year.
It has no physical characteristics. It becomes an intangible asset when a company's balance sheet is acquired. It is normally calculated as :
Goodwill = P - ( A - L)
were, P= purchase price
A= market value of the asset
L= market value of the liability
So, when a company represents goodwill as an intangible asset, it means that the company has acquired the balance sheet of another company by purchasing them.
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which one of the following is considered real property? select one: a. an automobile b. a brick storage shed c. household appliances d. a motorhome
A brick storage shed is considered a real property.
A piece of ground and everything that is affixed to it permanently are considered real property. Real estate owners are entitled to full ownership privileges, including the freedom to use, own, sell, and lease their property. Real estate can be categorised as residential, commercial, agricultural, industrial, or special purpose depending on its general use. Knowing what rights you do and do not have in the property is necessary to determine whether you have the right to sell your house. Real property is a more inclusive term than real estate because it includes the rights, benefits, and interests that come with real estate ownership.
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an employee for acme, inc. has been asked to carry out an assignment that she believes is questionable. this situation can be classified as an employee for acme, inc. has been asked to carry out an assignment that she believes is questionable. this situation can be classified as ethical. unethical. an ethical issue. a dilemma. a violation of law.
This situation can be classified as an ethical issue.
A moral dilemma that needs to be resolved emerges when there are ethical issues in business. In other words, it's a situation when a moral standard is called into doubt. When there are no rules or precedents, it might be difficult to deal with ethical issues.
When a particular action, course of action, or judgment conflicts with the moral standards of a society, there is an issue of morality. Since any of their actions could be questioned in terms of their ethicality, both people and companies could be implicated in these disputes. These problems can arise in people's interactions with one another, with organizations, or both.
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12. what contribution margin per pound of raw material is earned by each of the two products? (round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
The total contribution margin is $3,926,600 with alpha as $149,600 and beta as $3,780,000.
What are limited resources ?If a company manufactures and sells multiple products and has limited manufacturing resources, the contribution margin per margin should be used as a guide to determine the optimal sales/production ratio. The term "limited resource" refers to the limited supply of productive resources in the economy. Labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurial activity that an economy can use to produce are all finite resources. You may have many of these resources, but your inventory is not unlimited.
To solve the question :
The contribution margin/pound of direct materials is
Alpha(α) Beta(β)
Selling price/unit $170 $130
Variable cost/unit:
Direct Material $30 $ 18
Direct Labor 30 25
Variable Manufacturing Overhead 20 15
Variable Selling Expenses 22 18
Variable cost/unit $102 $76
Contribution margin/unit $68 $54
Raw materials pounds/unit 5 3
30 / 6 18 / 6
Contribution margin/pound of raw material $13.60 $18.00
14. The production will be:
Raw materials pounds available 221,000
Satisfy demand for Beta (210,000) 70,000 units x 3 pounds per unit
Pounds remaining 11,000
Use capacity to produce alpha (11,000) 11,000 pounds remaining / 5
pounds/unit = 2,200 units
The maximum contribution margin is:
Alpha(α) Beta(β) Total
Units to be produced 2,200 70,000
Contribution margin/unit $68 $54
Total contribution margin $149,600 $3,780,000 $3,926,600
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The complete question is given below :
Cane Company manufactures two products called Alpha and Beta that sell for $170 and $130, respectively. Each product uses only one type of raw material that costs $6 per pound. The company has the capacity to annually produce 116,000 units of each product. Its average cost per unit for each product at this level of activity are given below:
13. What is a commitment to pay for something in the future, instead of paying for it right away?
A) Debt
B) Investing
C) Fraud
Credit t is a commitment to pay for something in the future, instead of paying for it right away.
What is credit?
In the world of finance, credit may mean many various things, but it's frequently referred to as a contract where the borrower accepts money or anything valuable in exchange for a promise to pay the lender back later, typically with interest.
A person or thing's creditworthiness or credit history can also be referred to as "credit" in this context. According to accountants, it typically refers to an accounting item that changes the balance sheet of a corporation by reducing assets or increasing liabilities and equity.
Credit's core element is a social connection between a creditor (lender) and a borrower (debtor). Debtor consents to pay lender back, frequently with interest, or risk financial or legal ramifications. The practice of granting credit has long been widespread.
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which statement is consistent with the law of supply? multiple choice 1 at a zero price, quantity supplied will be infinite. an increase in market price will lead to a decrease in quantity supplied. a decrease in market price will lead to an increase in quantity supplied. an increase in market price will lead to an increase in quantity supplied.
A decrease in market price will lead to an increase in quantity supplied. This statement is consistent with the law of supply.
The law of supply is a microeconomic principle that asserts, with all other things being equal, that if the cost of an item or service rises, suppliers will offer more of those goods or services, and vice versa.
According to the rule of supply, suppliers will try to maximise their earnings when the price of an item rises by offering more products for sale.
In the meanwhile, suppliers are discouraged from manufacturing as much if prices drop.
An upward-sloping supply curve can be used to represent supply in a market and indicate how amount supplied will react to different pricing over time.
It makes up half of the law of supply and demand, together with demand.
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a statement of cash flows reports on cash flows for operating, investing and financing activities at a point in time. select one: true false
A statement of cash flows reports on cash flows for operating, investing and financing activities at a point in time is true.
The cash flows is the amount of cash or cash-equivalent which the company receives or gives out by the way of payments to creditors is known as cash flows.
Cash flows is the inflows and outflows of money from a business. It is necessary for daily operations, taxes, purchasing inventory and paying employees and operating costs.
It is the statement of cash flows reports on cash flows for operating, investing and financing activities at a point in time that reports the cash.
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________ is characterized by a continuous state of excessive, uncontrollable, and pointless worry and apprehension.
fffffAnswer:
f
Explanation:
1. which theory of normative business ethics seeks to create value for people in a manner that is just and nondiscriminatory?
Stakeholder theory of normative business ethics seeks to create value for people in a manner that is just and nondiscriminatory.
What is stakeholder theory?Stakeholder Theory is a way of looking at capitalism that emphasizes the connections between a company's clients, partners, workers, investors, communities, and other parties with an interest in the organization. According to the principle, a company should produce value for all stakeholders, not only shareholders.Imagine a car firm that has just gone public to demonstrate how the stakeholder theory works. Given that they have made financial investments in the company, the shareholders naturally want to see their stock prices increase, and the corporation is anxious to win their favour.The "Big Five" stakeholders include clients, staff, vendors, communities, and investors.Three theoretical stances on stakeholder claims have been proposed by Donaldson and Preston: a descriptive stance, an instrumental stance, and a normative stance.Learn more about stakeholder theory refer to :
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A stamping plant supplies sheet metal parts to a final assembly plant in the automotive industry. The following data are values representative of the parts made at the plant. Annual demand is 150,000 pc (for each part produced). Average cost per piece is $18 and holding cost is 20% of piece cost. Changeover (setup) time for the presses is 5 hr and the cost of downtime on any given press is $200/hr. Determine: (a) the economic batch size and (b) the total annual inventory cost for the data. If the changeover time for the presses could be reduced to 10 min, determine (c) the economic batch size and (d) the total annual inventory cost
a)The economic batch size is 9129pc.
b) The total annual inventory cost for the data. If the changeover time for the presses could be reduced to 10 min is $32863
c) The economic batch size is 1667pc
d) The total annual inventory cost is $5970
What is annual inventory cost ?
The cost of handling, faulty inventory, handling costs, taxes, insurance premiums paid, and the opportunity cost of the money spent in inventory are all included in the yearly inventory cost.
a) D=150000, S=$200/hr*5hr=$1000, H=$18*20%=3.6
EOQ=sqrt(2DS/H)=sqrt(2(150000)(5*200)/(18*.2))=9129pc
b) Q=EOQ=9129
C=(QH/2)+(DS/Q)=((9129/2)*3.6)+((150000/9129)*1000)=$32863
c) new S=$200/hr*(10/60)hr=$33
EOQ=sqrt(2DS/H)=sqrt(2(150000)((10/60)*200)/(18*.2))=1667pc
d) new Q=EOQ=1667
C=(QH/2)+(DS/Q)=(((1667/2)*3.6)+((150000/1667)*33)=$5970
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givens, inc., is a fast-growing technology company that paid a $1.25 dividend last week. the company's expected dividend growth rates over the next four years are as follows: 25 percent, 30 percent 35 percent, and 30 percent. the company then expects to settle down to a constant- growth rate of 8 percent annually. if the required rate of return is 12 percent, what is the present value of the dividends over the fast growth phase?
The present value of dividends over fast growth phase is $0.31.
What is present value?The estimated value of a potential income stream as of the valuation date is known in the domains of economics and finance as present value (PV), which is also known as present discounted value. The present value is frequently lower than the future value due to the potential of money to earn interest, or the time value of money, with the exception of times when interest rates are zero or negative, in which case the present value will be the same as or higher than the future value. By using the money for a while before paying it back, a borrower pays interest to a lender in a manner akin to how a tenant pays rent to a landlord without giving up ownership of the thing.
Present value=1.25*25%=$0.31
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