FILL IN THE BLANK. a solution that has an osmotic pressure less than that of red blood cells is called ________.
A solution that has an osmotic pressure less than that of red blood cells is called hypotonic solution.
Osmotic pressure is the minimum amount of pressure applied to a solution in order to stop the movement of solvent molecules entering it. The pressure is represented by 'π'. Osmotic pressure is a type of colligative property of the solutions.
Hypotonic solution is the one that has lesser amount of solute particles as compared to any cell or other solution that is separated by means of a semi-permeable membrane. The movement of solvent particles is from the hypotonic solution to the cell or other solution.
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Select the characteristics of biofilms that differentiate them from planktonic bacteria. Check all that apply. Microorganisms live singly and independently. eBook Microorganisms participate in quorum sensing. Microorganisms secrete extracellular material, usually polysaccharide, that forms a matrix. Microorganisms are readily eradicated using antibiotics Microorganisms exist as part of a diverse interdependent community
The characteristics of biofilms that differentiate them from planktonic bacteria are Microorganisms participate in quorum sensing.
Microorganisms secrete extracellular material, usually polysaccharide, that forms a matrix.Microorganisms exist as part of a diverse interdependent community.Planktonic bacteria are free-dwelling micro organism. they are the populations that grow in the acquainted check tube and flask cultures in the microbiology laboratory. the other mode of increase is the adherent, or sessile, kind of increase. Planktonic micro organism had been diagnosed for centuries.
The distinction among how each interacts with macrophages might be due to their assorted external systems: while planktonic bacteria are man or woman microorganisms, biofilm is a properly-linked enterprise of thousands and thousands of them .
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wolves spread throughout most of north america and eurasia through successive ice ages.
Wolves spread throughout most of north America and Eurasia through successive ice ages is true.
How are wolves distributed?The wolf's species distribution is known as the wolf distribution (Canis lupus). Wolves were first seen in North America above the 15th parallel north and in Eurasia above the 12th parallel north. However, due to cattle predation and the fear of wolf attacks on humans, deliberate human persecution has restricted the species' range to only approximately one-third of its original size.
Due to legal protection, changes in land use, and the migration of rural humans to cities, wolf population decreases have been halted since the 1970s, and this has encouraged recolonization and reintroduction in some areas of its previous range. The species is still under threat from habitat fragmentation, human competition for livestock and game species, and worries about wolves' potential threat to people.
Despite these dangers, the IUCN Red List rates the grey wolf as Least Concern due to its relatively large range and steady population. The African golden wolf (Canis lupaster), which lives north of the Sahara, and the Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), which lives in Ethiopia, make up the majority of the continent's wolf population.
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Complete Question:
Wolves spread throughout most of north america and eurasia through successive ice ages.
True
False
What is the difference between a species and a subspecies?
A subspecies is a population that has developed somewhat different physical and genetic characteristics from the rest of the species. A species is a group of interbreeding living beings with a lot of the same characteristics.
A population or set of populations that have the potential to freely breed with one another within and among themselves are technically referred to as species. This is an independently existing, naturally defined concept. On the other hand, subspecies are defined as subdivisions of a species that have unique characteristics.
A species is essentially the biggest group of organisms within which interbreeding results in viable progeny. The term "subspecies" is ill-defined and should be used with extreme caution because it calls for a deep understanding of the specific species in question as well as an understanding of the philosophical basis for its subspecies designation. Unlike the definition of a species, it is not always an intrinsic idea. A "breed" is typically a domestic population with limited genetic variation, as opposed to a subspecies.
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scientists estimate that whaling activity in the 19th and early 20th centuries had reduced the number of adult female southern right whales to as few as sixty individuals by 1920. this reduction resulted in a genetic bottleneck for the species. treaties to stop whaling have substantially increased the number of southern right whales. despite this increase, the bottleneck still threatens the future of the species. which capacity of the species is most severely diminished by the bottleneck?
Option d is Correct. The ability of the southern right whale species to maintain a diversified gene pool and maintain genetic stability is the skill that is most severely damaged by the bottleneck.
A population's size decline that results in a fall in genetic diversity is known as a genetic bottleneck. Numerous things, like as disease outbreaks, natural disasters, or human activities like habitat damage or hunting, might cause this. The southern right whale population had a genetic bottleneck as a result of extensive whaling in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
The ability of the species to retain a diversified gene pool, which is required for the species to adapt to changing environmental conditions and tackle new problems, is the capacity of the species that is most severely damaged by the bottleneck. Genetic variety is lost when a population undergoes a genetic bottleneck because there are fewer distinct genes available for selection. This could make it harder for the population to adjust to new problems and could raise the possibility of extinction.
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Correct Question:
Scientists estimate that whaling activity in the 19th and early 20th centuries had reduced the number of adult female southern right whales to as few as sixty individuals by 1920. this reduction resulted in a genetic bottleneck for the species. treaties to stop whaling have substantially increased the number of southern right whales. despite this increase, the bottleneck still threatens the future of the species. which capacity of the species is most severely diminished by the bottleneck?
a. acquiring random mutations
b. responding to environmental changes
c. maintaining a healthy social structure
d. remaining genetically stable.
Do seeds need water to start growing?
Answer:
Yes, otherwise it would die because it is not getting that essential nutrient.
Explanation:
The cell membrane is described as highly selective, because it bars the passage of most but not all substances. What structural feature of the membrane acts like gates that allow certain
substances, including water, to pass through the membrane?
O permanent gaps in the lipid bilayer
O proteins that temporarily dissolve regions of the lipid bilayer
O channels in transmembrane proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer
O channels in phosphate groups at the outer edges of the lipid bilayer
G
Answer:
C. channels in transmembrane proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer.
Explanation:
to make all of the complexes identical, you would like to arrest all transcriptional events at the same position on the dna template before isolating the complex. how might you do this?
To arrest all the transcriptional events at the same position on the DNA template, the sequence of the gene being transcribed must be known, and in the reaction mixture three rNTPs must be added except for the one where the transcription process need to be arrested.
rNTPs are the Ribonucleoside tri-phosphates. It is comprised of a ribose sygar joined to three phosphate groups. There are 4 types of rNTPs: rATP, rCTP, rUTP, rGTP. They are required for making the RNA strand from DNA.
Transcription is the process of synthesizing the RNA strand from the template DNA strand. The process occurs in the nucleus of the eukaryotic cells and in the nucleiod of prokaryotes.
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during middle age, fibrous tissue within sutures ossifies, leaving closed sutures called ______.
During middle age,fibrous within suture ossifies,leaving closed sutures called SYNOSTOSES
The fusion of bones, which most frequently occurs at cartilaginous or fibro-osseous connections, is referred to as synostosis (plural: synostoses). Synostoses can be healthy, asymptomatic anatomical variations, or they can be aberrant and result in functional loss and clinical complaints.
The latter has clinical significance and may require medical attention. The following are examples of physiological synostoses, which develop as people age as a result of the ossification of synchondroses or syndesmoses:
primary and secondary ossification centers' physeal closure
vertebral synostoses in the sacral region, pubic, ischial, and iliac synostoses (acetabulum, ischiopubic) segments of the sternal body synostoses. Mandibular synchondrosis syostosis
The following are examples of synostoses, which are anatomical variations that are rarely accompanied with symptoms:
1.vertebral symphalangism
Congenital or acquired, intended postoperative results or complications from trauma or surgery can all lead to abnormal synostoses. Clinical conditions that fall within this category include:
1. physeal closure of the skull too soon
2.Radioulnar synostosis in the Klippel-Feil syndrome
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3. can you determine the frequency of a particular allele of a diploid species in a population if the number of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals is given
The number of times the allele of interest is observed in a population is divided by the total number of copies of all the alleles at that particular genetic locus in the population to compute the allele frequency. The frequency of alleles can be expressed as a decimal, a percentage, or a fraction.
Being homozygous for a gene means you inherited two identical copies. It is the inverse of a heterozygous genotype, in which the alleles differ. People who have recessive features, like blue eyes or red hair, are always homozygous for that gene.
The number of individuals who are heterozygous. The frequency of heterozygous people is equivalent to 2pq.
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why do yu think it was important to place the body in conditions that simulated those on the mountains?
The scientists discovered a way to stop the remains from decomposing by simulating the mountain's natural environment.
A 12-year-old girl discovered a single men's size 12 blue and white running shoe on the beach of Jedediah Island in British Columbia on August 20, 2007. A sock was inside when she had a peek. A foot was visible when she glanced inside the sock.
A black-and-white Reebok was discovered by a Vancouver couple on a coastal excursion six days later on neighboring Gabriola Island. There was another foot in disrepair within. It was also a size 12 for men. The shoes themselves were different, and they each contained right feet, thus it was obvious that the two feet didn't belong to the same individual.
The police were in awe. The Vancouver Sun was informed by Garry Cox of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police that "two being found in such a short period of time is highly suspicious." "Finding two feet is insane, but finding one foot is like a million to one chances. Come on, I've heard of dancers with two left feet.
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an athlete swims 1,400 meters in a pool. toward the end of the swim, there is a low amount of oxygen in the athlete’s muscles. why can the athlete still swim when the oxygen level in the muscle cells is low?
The athlete can still swim because of lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation makes ATP in the absence of oxygen by converting glucose to lactic acid. It is a type of anaerobic respiration (or fermentation) that breaks down sugars to produce energy in the form of ATP. It is called anaerobic because it occurs in the absence of oxygen. Lactic acid is generated as a byproduct of this reaction, which is what gives this type of fermentation its name.
Consider these phylogenetic trees. The first tree is based on physical characteristics. The second tree is based on structure, genetics, and evolutionary history.
2 phylogenetic trees are shown. The first tree has 3 branches that go to duck, platypus, and opossum. The second tree has 2 branches that go to duck and platypus. Opossum branches off of the platypus branch.
Which can be concluded from a comparison of the two phylogenetic trees?
A: Phylogenetic trees are not subject to change.
B: Classification can change with new discoveries and evidence.
C: Classification does not change with more evidence.
D: Phylogenetic trees are inaccurate.
Answer:
B: Classification can change with new discoveries and evidence.
Explanation:
Worked on EDGE 2022
what in vivo (in the body) situation is stimulated by the concentrations in the amylase and hcl tube
Saliva formation is teh stimulated by amylase and the Hcl tube concentrations
Chewing well promotes the secretion of saliva. Saliva has the function of washing away food particles and bacteria left in the mouth, which leads to the prevention of tooth decay and gingivitis. Saliva is made up of 99% water. It's no wonder that 60% of the body is made up of water. The remaining 1% of the saliva contains the digestive enzymes, uric acid, the electrolytes, mucus-forming proteins, and cholesterol. That's right, it's saliva, aka saliva (let's say:suh-LIE-vuh). Saliva is a clear liquid that is produced in your mouth 24 hours a day. It is mostly water with some other chemicals. Slippery things are made by saliva (for example,SAL-uh-vair-ee) gland.
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the hetch hetchy dam construction was one of the first debates between the anthropocentrist and ecocentrist environmental philosophies. what decision was eventually made regarding the dam?
The decision that was eventually made regarding the dam was that (d) the dam was built in the Hetch Hetchy valley.
When the expanding population of San Francisco, California suggested building a dam in the Hetch Hetchy Valley to offer a reliable water supply, Congress argued between 1908 and 1913 whether to make a water resource available or conserve a wilderness. It was up to Congress to decide what would happen to the Hetch Hetchy Valley, which was protected by the federal government and a part of Yosemite National Park.
The national public is split over whether San Francisco should be allowed to flood the valley and if the valley should be protected from development. The dispute between preservationists and conservationists, who felt that nature should be safeguarded and preserved from human intrusion, was at the centre of the discussion.
Preservationists believed that the environment should be used responsibly to benefit society.
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The Hetch Hetchy dam construction was one of the first debates between the anthropocentric and ecocentric environmental philosophies. What decision was eventually made regarding the dam?
- No dam was constructed; San Francisco had to find another source of fresh water.
- A dam was constructed, then later removed.
- A dam was built in another location that was not a National Park.
- The dam was built in the Hetch Hetchy valley.
in the figure, the boxed red letter ____ is in the thylakoid lumen and the boxed red letter ____ is in the stroma of the chloroplast.
In the figure, the boxed red letter c is in the thylakoid lumen and the boxed red letter a is in the stroma of the chloroplast.
Thylakoids are the flattened, membranous sac like structures inside the chloroplast which play important role in the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis. Stroma refers to the internal spaces of the chloroplast which consists of enzymes, chloroplast genome and starch granules which are used during Calvin cycle. These enzymes assist in reaction between ATP and NADPH to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into molecules that can be used to build glucose. These structures are very important for efficient processing of photosynthesis inside the plant. Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants make their own food inside the stomata of leaves using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
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pine trees, redwoods, and conifers belong in which plant group? a. ferns b. mosses c. angiosperms d. gymnosperms e. liverwort
pine trees, redwoods, and conifers belong in gymnosperms plant group.
The gymnosperms are a clade of seed-producing crops that involves conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes. They form the clade Gymnospermae, and the living members of this clade are known as Acrogymnospermae. The term gymnosperm is derived from the Greek compound word o, which literally means "nked seeds."
Gymnosperms are a small class of plants that do not flower and produce "nked seeds." This implies that the seeds are generated on the reproductive structure's surface rather than within it, as in fruit.
Conifers (pines, cypresses, and relatives) are by far the most numerous group of living gymnosperms, followed by cycads, gnetophytes (Gnetum, Ephedra, and Welwitschia), and Ginkgo biloba (a single living species). Gymnosperms are dioecious in about 65% of cases, but conifers are mostly entirely monoecious.
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What type of particle have the leat amount if kinetic energy?
a. Ice particle
b. Air particle
c. Skin particle
d. Liquid water particle?
The kinetic hypothesis states that matter particles are constantly in motion. Kinetic energy is the term for the energy of motion. Gas particles have the maximum kinetic energy, while solid particles have the least.
A solid's kinetic energy may be the least?
Solids have the lowest kinetic energy since they cannot move and can only vary in position relative to their mean. Although liquids have more kinetic energy than solids, they also have kinetic energy in their molecules due to convection.
What particle has the lowest energy?
When an electron and positron collided, a bottomonium particle was produced. This collision's energy resulted in the binding of a bottom quark and an anti-bottom quark.
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seals (mammals) and penguins (birds) both have streamlined body forms that allow them to move through water efficiently. this similarity in body shape is mostly likely the result of:
Seals (mammals) and penguins (birds) both have streamlined body forms that allow them to move through water efficiently. This similarity in body shape is mostly likely the result of: convergent evolution.
A streamlined structure can be considered as the hybrid of needle and a sphere. This form of body reduces the friction of the frag created when the animals moves in wind or water and therefore eases the movement of the organism.
Convergent evolution is the one where two organisms have the similar anatomical features due to their adaptations in the habitat. However, such animals do not have any ancestral relation.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. the smallest subdivision of the lung that can be seen with the unaided eye is the __________.
Answer:
Lobules
Explanation:
how an action potential arriving at this neuromuscular junction can result in depolarisation of the sarcolemma.
When an action potential reaches the neuromuscular junction, acetylcholine is released at that synapse. Acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors concentrated in motor endplates, specialized regions of the post-synaptic membrane of muscle fibers.
Motor neurons connect to muscles at the neuromuscular junction where the synaptic terminals form a synaptic cleft with the motor endplate. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft, causing sarcolemmal depolarization.
The neuromuscular junction is where the terminal portion of a motor neuron axon meets a sarcolemma separated by a synaptic cleft. Action potentials reaching the axon terminals trigger the release of acetylcholine leading to motor endplate depolarization.
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a systemic condition caused by a bacterial infection that is predominantly seen in newborns and infants that results in desquamatization of the skin is called
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome is a systemic bacterial infection that primarily affects babies and young children and leads in desquamatization of the skin.
An very dangerous skin infection is staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Over a significant portion of the body, the infection results in skin peeling. In the summer and fall, it happens desquamatization more frequently. Most kids who receive therapy begin to feel better in one to two days. A few days later, the skin is desquamatization frequently fully recovered. A week to 10 days later, some kids may have some minor dry skin peeling. For treatment, children with more severe infection might need to remain in the hospital.
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Which of the following is most similar in structure to ATP?
Select one:
a. an anabolic steroid
b. a DNA helix
c. an amino acid with three phosphate groups attached
d. an RNA nucleotide
An RNA nucleotide is most similar in structure to ATP. The average person's body recycles as much ATP each day as they weigh.
An organic compound called adenosine triphosphate drives a number of biological processes in living cells, including the contraction of muscles, transmission of nerve signals, dissolution of proteins, and chemical production (ATP). All known forms of life contain ATP, which is frequently referred to as the "molecular unit of currency" of intracellular energy transfer. When it is absorbed by metabolic processes, it either changes into adenosine monophosphate (AMP) or adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (AMP). There are many methods for recovering ATP. In addition to serving as a coenzyme and a precursor of DNA and RNA, it also accomplishes a variety of additional tasks. A nitrogenous base, a nucleoside triphosphate, and a phosphate group are what it is.
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Which of the following does not occur during mitosis meiosis? 1. crossing over of the dna 2. condensation of the chromosomes 3. spindle formation 4. separation of sister chromatids
Crossing over of the DNA - does not occur during mitosis. Here, the correct answer is Option A.
Mitosis is a process in which two daughter cells are formed by the division of a single cell. Mitosis is divided into five phases.
a) Prophase - In the process of Prophase cell division, the nuclear envelope is broken down after the condensation of chromatin into chromosomes and the centrioles near the nucleus start to move to opposite poles of the cell after being separated from each other. A spindle begins to be formed between the centrioles as they move apart.
b)Metaphase-In the process of Metaphase, the sister chromatids are arranged at the equator of the cell and the centromere of each pair of sister chromatids is attached with spindle fibers. At the time of cell division, it is ensured by the spindle fibers that sister chromatids will be separated and go to different daughter cells.
c) Anaphase -n the Anaphase stage, the centrioles divide after the separation of sister chromatids. Each one of the sister chromatids is pulled apart to the opposite poles by the shortening of the spindle fibers.
d) Telophase -In Telophase, the chromosome starts to decondense after reaching the opposite poles and a nuclear envelope is produced around the chromosomes.
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The correct question is -
Which of the following does not occur during mitosis?
1. Crossing over of the DNA
2. condensation of the chromosomes
3. spindle formation
4. separation of sister chromatids
Define and give examples of qualitative and quantitative observations 
one way to produce a vaccine is to heat a virus or bacteria and then inject the inactive pathogen as a vaccination. how would the heat inactivate a virus?
The heat inactivates a virus by denaturing proteins present in them.
An inactivated/killed vaccine is a type of vaccination that has been produced physically (heat, radiation, or chemicals) and chemically killed the culture of complete viruses or bacteria or fractions. The killed part will still have the ability to elicit an immune response.
To produce a vaccine using a virus, first, we have to culture the target virus. Then, we have to heat kill the virus to reduce its pathogenicity to infect the host cells and replicate. The application of heat denatures the protein present in the virus. So this denatured protein doesn't have pathogenicity but it will still elicit an immune response.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. a baby is bitten by a dog and then is afraid of all small animals. this is an example of _____.
A baby is bitten by a dog and then is afraid of all small animals. this is an example of stimulus generalisation.
The tendency for a new stimulus to elicit a new response or behavior that was prompted by a previous stimulus is known as stimulus generalization. Because of the baby's contact with the one dog that bit him/her in this case, the newborn is now terrified of all dogs.
The capacity to act in a new environment in a way that has been honed in previous similar circumstances is known as stimulus generalization. How to determine which elements of the learning scenarios should be generalized is the issue. Both symbolic and associationist representations find this to be puzzling. Conversely, the stimulus is represented as being categorized along a specific dimension or domain when conceptual spaces are used.
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15 POINTSSSS. Below is a chart showing the component of a type of nucleic acid.
Which of the components bond directly with cytosine in a section double stranded DNA?
how does co2 concentration affect photosynthesis?
Answer:
The rate of photosynthesis is high
Explanation:
When the concentration of carbon dioxide is high, plants are able to absorb more co2. This cause the rate of photosynthesis to increase.
what are the steps for dna replication?
Answer:
the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment.
Answer:
Process below
Explanation:
DNA replication is the process by which a cell copies its DNA in order to produce new cells. The steps of DNA replication are as follows:
The DNA double helix unwinds and separates into two single strands.An enzyme called helicase unwinds the DNA at the replication fork, breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases and separating the two strands.Another enzyme called primase adds short RNA primers to the single strands of DNA. These primers provide a starting point for the synthesis of new strands.An enzyme called DNA polymerase begins adding new nucleotides to the single strands of DNA, using the existing strands as a template. DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' end of each strand, moving in the direction of the 5' end.The newly synthesized strands are joined together by an enzyme called ligase, which seals any gaps between the nucleotides.Once replication is complete, the cell has two identical copies of the original DNA molecule. These copies are used to create new cells, ensuring that each cell has the same genetic information as the original cell.